Biology:Spirobolida
From HandWiki
Spirobolida is an order of "round-backed" millipedes containing approximately 500 species in 12 families.[1] Its members are distinguished by the presence of a "pronounced suture that runs "vertically down the front of the head".[2] Most of the species live in the tropics, and many are brightly coloured.[2] Mature males have two pairs of modified legs, the gonopods, consisting of the eighth and ninth leg pairs: the posterior gonopods are used in sperm-transfer while the anterior gonopods are fused into a single plate-like structure.[3]
The families are divided into two suborders:[1]
Suborder Spirobolidea
- Allopocockiidae
- Atopetholidae
- Floridobolidae
- Hoffmanobolidae
- Messicobolidae
- Pseudospirobolellidae
- Rhinocricidae
- Spirobolellidae
- Spirobolidae
- Typhlobolellidae
Suborder Trigoniulidea
Select species
- Narceus americanus, a commonly seen species in eastern North America
- Crurifarcimen vagans, the "wandering leg sausage"
- Anadenobolus monilicornis, the yellow-banded millipede
- Eucarlia, a genus of threatened Indo-Pacific millipedes
Gallery
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Comanchelus chihuanus (Atopetholidae) -
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Spirobolellus immigrans (Spirobolellidae) in ethanol
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shear, W. (2011). "Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais, 1844. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness". Zootaxa 3148: 159–164. https://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/zt03148p164.pdf.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Stephen P. Hopkin & Helen J. Read (1992). "Taxonomy, evolution, and zoogeography". The Biology of millipedes. Oxford University Press. pp. 8–23. ISBN 978-0-19-857699-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=Yy6qPRtU5v0C&pg=PA11.
- ↑ "Putative apomorphies of millipede clades". Milli-PEET: Millipede Systematics. The Field Museum, Chicago, IL. 26 September 2006. http://fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/millipede_apomorphies.pdf.
External links
Data related to Spirobolida at Wikispecies
Template:Millipedes Wikidata ☰ Q3720278 entry
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