Biology:Stemmiulidae
| Stemmiulidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Stemmiulus beroni, a West African species | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Subphylum: | Myriapoda
|
| Class: | |
| Subclass: | Chilognatha
|
| Infraclass: | Helminthomorpha
|
| Superorder: | Nematophora
|
| Order: | Stemmiulida Cook, 1895
|
| Family: | Stemmiulidae Pocock, 1894
|
Stemmiulida is an order of millipedes consisting of approximately 130 species, reaching up to 50 mm in length. It contains a single family, Stemmiulidae.
Description
Stemmiulids are small to medium sized millipedes, reaching a maximum length of 50 mm (2 in). The body tapers gradually, and is laterally compressed, so is taller than wide. A dorsal groove is present and runs from head to tail. The eyes consist of two large ocelli on each side of the head, and some members are capable of jumping.[1][2] The living species lack Tömösváry organs, although a fossil species from the Miocene epoch possesses them.[3]
Classification
Stemmiluda contains 6-10 living genera and at least one fossil genus, all in the family Stemmiulidae. Species estimates range from about 120 to 150 species.[4][5] The taxonomy is controversial, with some authors lumping species into as few as three genera.[5] The most liberal classification is presented below.[6]
- Diopsiulus
- Eostemmiulus[7]
- Nethoiulus
- Paurochaeturus
- †Parastemmiulus (Early-Middle Miocene; Mexican amber)[3]
- Plusiochaeturus
- Prostemmiulus
- Scoliogmus
- Stemmatoiulus
- Stemmijulus
- Stemmiulus
References
- ↑ "Diagnostic features of Millipede Orders". Milli-PEET Identification Tables. The Field Museum, Chicago. http://fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/Identification_Table_1.pdf.
- ↑ "Putative apomorphies of millipede clades". Milli-PEET: Millipede Systematics. The Field Museum, Chicago, IL. 26 September 2006. http://fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/millipede_apomorphies.pdf.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Riquelme, F.; Alvarado-Ortega, J.; Ramos-Arias, M.; Hernández, M.; Dez, I.; Lee-Whiting, T. A.; Ruvalcaba-Sil, J. L. (2013). "A fossil stemmiulid millipede (Diplopoda: Stemmiulida) from the Miocene amber of Simojovel, Chiapas, México". Historical Biology 26 (4): 1–13. doi:10.1080/08912963.2013.778843.
- ↑ Sierwald, Petra; Bond, Jason E. (2007). "Current Status of the Myriapod Class Diplopoda (Millipedes): Taxonomic Diversity and Phylogeny". Annual Review of Entomology 52 (1): 401–420. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.52.111805.090210. PMID 17163800.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Shear, W. (2011). "Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais, 1844. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness". Zootaxa 3148: 159–164. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.32. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/zt03148p164.pdf.
- ↑ Sierwald, Petra, ed (2006). "Nomenclator Generum Diplopodorum, Version 2. A complete listing of all genus-group names in the class Diplopoda from 1758 through 1999". Field Museum of Natural History. http://fieldmuseum.org/explore/milli-peet-complete-genus-listing.
- ↑ Mauriès, J. P.; Golovatch, S. I.; Geoffroy, J. J. (2010). "Un nouveau genre et une nouvelle espèce de l ordre Stemmiulida du Viet-Nam (Diplopoda) [A new genus and species of the order Stemmiulida from Vietnam]". Arthropoda Selecta 19 (2): 73–80. doi:10.15298/arthsel.19.2.03.
Wikidata ☰ Q4307137 entry
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