Biology:TERRA
TERRA in biology is an abbreviation for "TElomeric Repeat-containing RNA".[1] TERRA is RNA that is transcribed from telomeres — the repeating 6-nucleotide sequences that cap the ends of chromosomes. TERRA functions with shelterin to inhibit telomere lengthening by enzyme telomerase.[1]
TERRAs are essential for telomere length and maintenance.[2] At least four factors contribute to telomere maintenance: telomerase, shelterin, TERRA and the CST Complex.[3]
TERRA can also regulate telomere length by increasing euchromatin formation.[4] On the other hand, nonsense-mediated decay factor enrichment at telomeres may exist to prevent TERRA inhibition of telomerase.[1] TERRA levels vary during the cell cycle, decreasing during S phase, and increasing in the transition from G2 phase to G1 phase.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "TERRA: telomeric repeat-containing RNA". The EMBO Journal 28 (17): 2503–2510. 2009. doi:10.1038/emboj.2009.166. PMID 19629047.
- ↑ "TERRA recruitment of polycomb to telomeres is essential for histone trymethylation marks at telomeric heterochromatin". Nature Communications 9 (1): 1548. 2018. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03916-3. PMID 29670078. Bibcode: 2018NatCo...9.1548M.
- ↑ "CST meets shelterin to keep telomeres in check". Molecular Cell 39 (5): 665–676. 2010. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2010.08.024. PMID 20832719.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Role of TERRA in the regulation of telomere length". International Journal of Biological Sciences 11 (3): 316–323. 2015. doi:10.7150/ijbs.10528. PMID 25678850.
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