Biology:Panray
The panrays are a genus, Zanobatus, of rays found in coastal parts of the warm East Atlantic Ocean, ranging from Morocco to Angola.[1] It is the only genus in the family Zanobatidae, which is included in the Myliobatiformes order,[2] but based on genetic evidence some authorities place it in Rhinopristiformes[3][4] or a sister taxon to Rhinopristiformes.[5]
The two species of panrays are generally poorly known and one of the species was only scientifically described in 2016.[1][6] They are up to about 60 cm (2 ft) long, and brownish above with a heavily mottled, blotched or barred dark pattern. They are ovoviviparous and feed on benthic invertebrates.[1]
Species
There are two recognized species in the genus:[1][6]
- Zanobatus maculatus Séret, 2016
- Zanobatus schoenleinii (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841)
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A fossil relative, †Plesiozanobatus Marramà et al, 2020 is known from the Early Eocene-aged Monte Bolca site of Italy. [7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Rays of the World. CSIRO. 2016. pp. 134–136. ISBN 9780643109148.
- ↑ "Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification". California Academy of Sciences. https://www.calacademy.org/scientists/catalog-of-fishes-classification.
- ↑ Naylor, G.J.P.; Caira, J.N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K.A.M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species (2 ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 31–56.
- ↑ Aschliman; Nishida; Miya; Inoue; Rosana; Naylord (2012). "Body plan convergence in the evolution of skates and rays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 63 (1): 28–42. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.012. PMID 22209858. Bibcode: 2012MolPE..63...28A.
- ↑ Last, P.R.; Séret, B.; Naylor, G.J.P. (2016). "A new species of guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov. with a redefinition of the family-level classification in the order Rhinopristiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Zootaxa 4117 (4): 451–475. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.1. PMID 27395187. http://publication.plazi.org/id/C549FF88FFFA0209FFFEED4BFFE2FFCE.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Séret, B. (2016). "Zanobatus maculatus, a new species of panray from the Gulf of Guinea, eastern central Atlantic (Elasmobranchii: Batoidea: Zanobatidae)". Zootaxa 4161 (4): 509–522. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4161.4.2. PMID 27615946.
- ↑ Marramà, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio; Claeson, Kerin M.; Naylor, Gavin J. P.; Kriwet, Jürgen (2020-07-13). "Revision of the Eocene ‘Platyrhina’ species from the Bolca Lagerstätte (Italy) reveals the first panray (Batomorphii: Zanobatidae) in the fossil record" (in en). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (18): 1519–1542. doi:10.1080/14772019.2020.1783380. ISSN 1477-2019. PMID 32939187. PMC 7455076. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772019.2020.1783380.
Wikidata ☰ Q3574764 entry
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