Chemistry:Nitroxinil
Nitroxinil is an anthelmintic, a veterinary medicine against parasitic worms in sheep and cattle.[1] The substance is active against the liver fluke the Fasciola hepatica and to a lesser extent against thread worms in the gastrointestinal tract.[2] Brand names include Fluconix, Dovenix and Trodax. Nitroxynil is also used against strains of the red gum worm (Haemonchus contortus) that have become resistant to benzimidazoles.[citation needed]
Nitroxinil was invented by May & Baker[3] in the mid 1960s as part of a program into investigation of derivatives of p-hydroxybenzonitrile. In addition to Nitroxynil, the herbicides ioxynil (3,5-diiodo) and bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo) were also invented by the same company. Nitroxynil has a nitro group in addition to a single iodine group.
Nitroxynil is almost insoluble in water. It is usually injected subcutaneously into the animals in the form of the water-soluble ethylglucamine salt.[2] It must not be administered to animals that produce milk for human consumption.[4]
References
- ↑ "Nitroxinil". Essential Drug Data for Rational Therapy in Veterinary Practice. UK: AuthorHouse. 2014. pp. 299–300. ISBN 978-1-4918-0010-2.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "NITROXINIL = NITROXYNIL for veterinary use in CATTLE, SHEEP and GOATS against flukes and roundworms". http://parasitipedia.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2510&Itemid=2783.
- ↑ May & Baker, "Method for the Treatment of Helminth Infestations", GB patent 1104885, published 18 Dec 1964, issued 6 Mar 1968
- ↑ "Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products, Nitroxinil, Summary Report" (in English). The European Agency for the Evaluation of Medical Products. June 1998. p. 5. http://www.emea.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Maximum_Residue_Limits_-_Report/2009/11/WC500015185.pdf.
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