Chemistry:Sage oil
Sage oils are essential oils that come in several varieties:
Dalmatian sage oil
Also called English, Garden, and True sage oil. Made by steam distillation of Salvia officinalis partially dried leaves. Yields range from 0.5 to 1.0%. A colorless to yellow liquid with a warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor ("thujonic, cedar, eucalyptus, rosemary, juniper, forest")[1] and sharp and bitter taste. The main components of the oil are thujone (50%), camphor, pinene, and cineol.[2]
Clary sage oil
Sometimes called muscatel. Made by steam or water distillation of Salvia sclarea flowering tops and foliage. Yields range from 0.7 to 1.5%. A pale yellow to yellow liquid with a herbaceous odor and a winelike bouquet.[3] Produced in large quantities in France,[4] Russia[5] the United States,[6] and Morocco. The oil contains linalyl acetate, linalool and other terpene alcohols (sclareol), as well as their acetates.[7]
Spanish sage oil
Made by steam distillation of the leaves and twigs of S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia (syn. S. lavandulifolia). A colorless to pale yellow liquid with the characteristic camphoraceous odor.[8] Unlike Dalmatian sage oil, Spanish sage oil contains no or only traces of thujone; camphor and eucalyptol are the major components.
Greek sage oil
Made by steam distillation of Salvia triloba leaves.[9] Grows in Greece and Turkey. Yields range from 0.25% to 4%. The oil contains camphor, thujone, and pinene, the dominant component being eucalyptol.[10]
Judaean sage oil
Made by steam distillation of Salvia judaica leaves. The oil contains mainly cubebene and ledol.[11]
References
- ↑ "sage oil dalmatian". Scents and Flavors. https://scentsandflavors.com/database/9dbb4a67-bc8d-4359-9c78-b3cf2060a4e3.
- ↑ Karl-Georg Fahlbusch (2007), "Flavors and Fragrances", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (7th ed.), Wiley, p. 113, doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_141
- ↑ "salvia sclarea oil". Scents and Flavors. https://scentsandflavors.com/database/9dbb4b12-ca89-4e00-93d2-4c18d1365592.
- ↑ "clary sage oil france". Scents and Flavors. https://scentsandflavors.com/database/9dbb4a74-6ea8-4742-a4ea-d58c353b9401.
- ↑ "clary sage oil russia". Scents and Flavors. https://scentsandflavors.com/database/9dbb4ac1-64ee-47d9-9fa1-e68063e54681.
- ↑ "clary sage oil america". Scents and Flavors. https://scentsandflavors.com/database/9dbb4ab6-7593-4303-856c-f5dccc6930e8.
- ↑ George A. Burdock (2010), Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients (6th ed.), Taylor & Francis, pp. 327–328, ISBN 978-1-4200-9077-2
- ↑ "salvia officinalis lavandulifolia extract". Scents and Flavors. https://scentsandflavors.com/database/9dbb4bc8-22c1-48a5-a2dc-9b24001666d9.
- ↑ "sage greece". Scents and Flavors. https://scentsandflavors.com/database/9dbb4de0-af62-4c73-b05d-f1ea65a3808f.
- ↑ Ivana Cvetkovikj (2015), "Essential oil composition of Salvia fruticosa Mill. populations from Balkan Peninsula", Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 61 (1), http://bulletin.mfd.org.mk/volumes/Volume%2061_1/61_1_004.pdf
- ↑ Andrea Böszörményi (2009), "Chemical and Genetic Relationships among Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Cultivars and Judean Sage (Salvia judaica Boiss.)", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57 (11), doi:10.1021/jf9005092
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