Company:Rudi Čajavec

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Short description: Defunct Bosnian electromechanical and electronics company
Rudi Čajavec
Founded1950; 74 years ago (1950)
Headquarters
Banja Luka
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Rudi Čajavec (successively reincorporated under various names, including SOUR Rudi Čajavec) was a Yugoslav electromechanical and electronics company, based in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Founded in 1950, the company was named after Rudi Čajavec, the first airman of the Yugoslav Partisan air force and People's Hero of Yugoslavia.[1] It produced a wide range of products for the military and for the civilian market.

History

In 1950, during the first Yugoslav five-year plan, the government of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia decreed the founding of the Fabrika vojne elektronske opreme i uređaja "Rudi Čajavec" () in Banja Luka.[2][3] It was established in the same period as several other medium-to-large state enterprises in the city, which have remained in operation in the 21st century as joint-stock companies, namely: Krajina a.d (construction), Vitaminka a.d. (food), and Autoprevoz a.d. (transport).[3] It was the regional counterpart of other major Yugoslav technological companies of the period, such as Gorenje, Iskra, and Ei Niš.[4]

Originally registered with the Yugoslav People's Army, the factory was reassigned to civil authorities by the Ministry of Defence, and in 1956, the local government, in the form of the People's Committee of Banja Luka (NOO Banja Luka), renamed the enterprise to Fabrika za elektromehaniku i elektroniku "Rudi Čajavec" ().[5] In accordance with the principles of socialist self-management, the enterprise was subsequently reorganised as a self-managed holding entity, or SOUR (složena organizacija udruženog rada; ), comprising multiple OOURs (osnovna organizacija udruženog rada; ).

Čajavec grew rapidly in mid-1960s, when the number of employees was increased by 3,000. Yearly exports in this period were valued at around $30 million.[6] In 1991, the company had around 10,000 employees, including 2,000 engineers.[7][8] The need for more specialised staff influenced the establishment of The Faculty of Electrical Engineering of the University of Banja Luka.[9] Yearly exports prior to the breakout of the war amounted to around $50 million.[10]

During the systemic reforms of the early 1990s, it remained a non-privatised social enterprise in the form of a holding corporation, and after subsequent reforms following the Yugoslav Wars, it was reverted to a fully state-owned matično državno preduzeće (), MDP "Čajavec holding".[11] In a controversial process, in 2006[6] the holding was effectively dismantled by transferring its property to 24 constituent companies—former OOURs—which were privatised, and many of them were subsequently liquidated.[12][6]

Products

M-84 tanks exported to Kuwait bore equipment produced by Čajavec

Čajavec initially produced electromechanical devices and aviation instruments, such as manometers, which were mainly supplied to the military.[13] This later expanded to various electronic devices for the military, including military communications systems and radars.[8][5] It contributed various parts and systems (such as the fire-control system[10][14]) in the manufacture of the M-84 tank.[15] Its other products included television sets (since 1957[16][17]), transistor radios (since 1961[18]), car equipment,[8] loudspeakers, PA systems, and guitar amplifiers.[7] Regional musicians used the latter as a substitute for Marshall amps, and other comparable Western products.[7][19]

See also

  • List of companies of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

References

  1. ↑ Tamara Bubnjević, Jelena Stojišić (2021-10-16). "Izložba "Preduzeće Rudi Čajavec" pobudila veliku pažnju: Oživljene uspomene na crno-bijelom ekranu" (in sh). https://www.glassrpske.com/lat/novosti/banjaluka/izlozba-preduzece-rudi-cajavec-pobudila-veliku-paznju-ozivljene-uspomene-na-crno-bijelom-ekranu/381367. 
  2. ↑ Latinović, Đorđe (2021-07-05). "Male utopije" (in sr). https://www.nezavisne.com/novosti/kolumne/Male-utopije/670121. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Đuran, Goran (2013-12-02). "Banjaluka za vrijeme socijalističke Jugoslavije" (in sr). https://www.glassrpske.com/cir/plus/istorija/banjaluka-za-vrijeme-socijalisticke-jugoslavije/140522. 
  4. ↑ "Sjaj i bijeda nekadašnjeg "Rudi Čajevca" (Foto)" (in bs-ba). 2019-08-05. https://www.banjaluka.com/drustvo/sjaj-i-bijeda-nekadasnjeg-rudi-cajevca-foto/. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Josipović, Verica (2013-07-15). "Razvoj "Čajavca"" (in sr). https://www.glassrpske.com/lat/plus/istorija/razvoj-cajavca/126438. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Kako je propao "Rudi Čajavec": Od giganta elektronske industrije do sale za svadbe i sahrane" (in sr-RS). 2022-12-03. https://www.danas.rs/vesti/ekonomija/kako-je-propao-rudi-cajavec-od-giganta-elektronske-industrije-do-sale-za-svadbe-i-sahrane/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 ""Rudi Čajavec" - "Veliki brat" iz Banjaluke" (in en-US). 2019-10-23. https://mondo.ba/Info/Drustvo/a800463/Rudi-Cajavec-nekadasnji-banjalucki-gigant.html. ""Čajavec" je proizvodio i zvučnike, razglasne sisteme, kao i legendarna gitarska pojačala sa oznakom GA koja su svojevremeno dala svoj poseban "doprinos" banjalučkim muzičarima u nastajanju jer u to vrijeme nisu bili u mogućnosti da imaju popularni "Marshall" ili neki drugi poznati svjetski uređaj za svoje svirke. ()" 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Katana, Erduan (2014-03-06). "Privatizacijske pljačke u BiH - "Rudi Čajavec": Umjesto fabrike sala za svadbe i sahrane" (in sh). Radio Slobodna Evropa. https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/rudi-cajavec-umjesto-fabrike-sala-za-svadbe-i-sahrane/25288084.html. 
  9. ↑ Božić-Gauk, Žana (2012-11-25). "Petar Marić: Fakulteti su nudili po tri inženjera za jednog našeg" (in sr). https://www.nezavisne.com/novosti/obrazovanje/Petar-Maric-Fakulteti-su-nudili-po-tri-inzenjera-za-jednog-naseg/168608. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Katana, Gordana (2023-01-30). "Holding "Rudi Čajavec": skica za portret ekonomskog I industrijskog razvoja i propasti privrede Bosne i Hercegovine" (in sh). https://drustvenaistorijabl.info/holding-rudi-cajavec-skica-za-portret-ekonomskog-i-industrijskog-razvoja-i-propasti-privrede-bosne-i-hercegovine/. 
  11. ↑ Pepić, Anđela (2021). "Društveni sukobi u sferi rada unutar transformacijskih procesa u Bosni i Hercegovini". Sociološki godišnjak (16): 55–67. doi:10.5937/SocGod2116055P. ISSN 1840-1538. https://scindeks.ceon.rs/Article.aspx?artid=1840-15382116055P. Retrieved 2023-07-19. 
  12. ↑ Milunović, Milka (2008-10-15). "Zatraženo poništavanje prodaje Čajavec holdinga" (in sr). https://www.glassrpske.com/lat/drustvo/vijesti/zatrazeno-ponistavanje-prodaje-cajavec-holdinga/12715. 
  13. ↑ Josipović, Verica (2013-07-08). "Kako je počeo "Rudi Čajavec"" (in sr). https://www.glassrpske.com/lat/plus/istorija/kako-je-poceo-rudi-cajavec/125524. 
  14. ↑ Marković, M. (2020-05-06). "Hrvatski i srpski tenkovi M-84: Sve redom isto, razlike samo u nijansi" (in sh). https://www.maxportal.hr/premium-sadrzaj/hrvatski-i-srpski-tenkovi-m-84-sve-redom-isto-razlike-samo-u-nijansi/. "Sustav Omega je montiran u vrijeme kada već nije postojala tvrtka „Rudi Čajavec-sistemi upravljanja“. Nastao je kao jeftinija verzija od „Čajavečkih“ sustava i tako ih je napravila „Iskra“, firma koja je kasnije preimenovana u „Fotonu“ koja također više ne djeluje. ()" 
  15. ↑ Petrović, Dragoljub (2011-05-10). "Vraćanje tenkovskog duga Kuvajtu" (in sr-RS). https://www.danas.rs/vesti/drustvo/vracanje-tenkovskog-duga-kuvajtu/. "Ivanović je tokom akcije „Pustinjska oluja“ održavao kuvajtske tenkove M84, kupljene od SFRJ. Bio je zaposlen u banjalučkoj firmi „Rudi Čajavec“ i 20 godina radio na tenkovima. „Čajavec“ je nekada pravio 36 posto tenka. „Dakle, svu elektroniku unutra, stabilizaciju, navođenje topa, hrpu opreme unutra… Radio sam u tehnologiji, kontroli, proizvodnji, razvoju, bio šef servisa…“, kaže Ivanović. ()" 
  16. ↑ "Televizor Rudi Čajavec" (in sl-SI). 2020-04-24. https://muzej-velenje.si/muzejski-predmeti/iz-depoja-muzeja-velenje-televizor-rudi-cajavec/. 
  17. ↑ Kusmuk, Mirjana (2013-12-28). "(Ne)primjereno poređenje" (in sr). https://www.glassrpske.com/lat/komentar/kolumne/neprimjereno-poredjenje/419150. "Danas, dok u sremskoj ravnici niče Silicijumska dolina, u Banjaluci, u kojoj je 1957. godine napravljen prvi televizor u fabrici "Rudi Čajavec", izvjesno je da se nikada više neće dogoditi ništa slično. ()" 
  18. ↑ "Untitled Facebook post by MuzejJugoslavijeBeograd" (in sh). 30 April 2020. https://www.facebook.com/MuzejJugoslavijeBeograd/posts/10158368557284797/. "Da li ste znali da je tranzistor "Slavuj" proizveden 1961. u fabrici "Rudi Čajavec" iz Banjaluke bio prvi tranzistor napravljen u Jugoslaviji? (" 
  19. ↑ Vidović, Mišo (2014-03-12). "Banjalučka razglednica - "Čajo"" (in sh). https://www.frontal.ba/novost/68093. 

External links




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