The Cambridge Greensand is a geological unit in England whose strata are earliest Cenomanian in age.[1] It lies above the erosive contact between the Gault Formation and the Chalk Group in the vicinity of Cambridgeshire, and technically forms the lowest member bed of the West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation.[2] It is a remanié deposit, containing reworked fossils of late Albian age, including those of dinosaurs and pterosaurs.
Description
The lithology is made out of glauconitic marl, described as a "chalk mud", containing abundant ostracod, coccolith and foram remains, with a concentration of phosphatic nodules and bones at the base.[1][2]
Vertebrate paleofauna
Birds
| Birds
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| Genus
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Species
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Locality
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Material
|
Notes
|
Images
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| Enaliornis
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E. barrette
|
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Braincases, vertebrae, pelvis [and] limb elements[3]
|
This genus is the oldest known hesperornithine
|
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| E sedgwicki
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Hindlimb elements[3]
|
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| E. seeleyi
|
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Assorted cranial and postcranial elements
|
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Dinosaurs
Ornithischians
| Ornithischians
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| Genus
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Species
|
Locality
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Material
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Notes
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Images
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| Anoplosaurus
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A. curtonotus
|
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"Partial postcranium"[4]
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|
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| A. major
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|
"Cervical vertebrae."[4] "Vertebrae."[5]
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|
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| Acanthopholis
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A. eucercus
|
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"[Two] caudal centra."[4]
|
Nomen dubium
|
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| A. platypus
|
|
"Phalanx, caudal centra."[4]
|
Nomen dubium
|
|
| A. macrocercus
|
|
"Osteoderms."[4] "Vertebrae, fragmentary skeleton elements."[5]
|
Reassigned to Syngonosaurus
|
|
| A. stereocercus
|
|
"Osteoderms."[4] "Vertebrae."[5]
|
Nomen dubium
|
|
| Eucercosaurus
|
E. tanyspondylus
|
|
"Vertebrae."[4]
|
|
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| Trachodon
|
T. cantabrigiensis
|
|
"Dentary tooth."[6]
|
Nomen dubium
|
|
Saurischians
| Saurischians
|
| Genus
|
Species
|
Locality
|
Material
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| Macrurosaurus
|
M. semnus
|
|
"Caudal vertebrae"[7]
|
Titanosauriform sauropod or indeterminate macronarian
|
|
Pterosaurs
| Pterosaurs
|
| Genus
|
Species
|
Locality
|
Material
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| Amblydectes
|
A. crassidens
|
|
Jaw fragments
|
|
|
| A. eurygnathus
|
|
Jaw fragments
|
Possibly a junior synonym of A. crassidens[8]
|
|
| Camposipterus
|
C. colorhinus
|
|
Anterior rostra fragments
|
|
|
| C. nasutus
|
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Partial rostrum
|
|
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| C. sedgwickii
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|
Anterior rostrum
|
|
|
| Draigwenia
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D. platystomus
|
|
Anterior rostrum fragments
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Formerly Amblydectes platystomus[8]
|
|
| Lonchodraco
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L. machaerorhynchus
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|
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Reassigned to Ikrandraco machaerorhynchus
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|
| L. microdon
|
|
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Junior synonym of L. machaerorhynchus
|
|
| Nicorhynchus
|
N. capito
|
|
Jaw fragments
|
Possibly synonomous with Coloborhynchus[9]
|
|
| Ornithocheirus
|
O. simus[10][11]
|
|
|
|
|
| "Ornithocheirus" denticulatus
|
|
|
|
|
| "Ornithocheirus" polyodon
|
|
|
|
|
| O. sedgwicki
|
|
Jaw fragments
|
Azhdarchoid pterosaur[12]
|
|
Ichthyosaurs
| Ichthyosaurs
|
| Genus
|
Species
|
Locality
|
Material
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| Cetarthrosaurus
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C. walkeri[13]
|
|
|
|
|
| Maiaspondylus
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M. cantabrigiensis
|
|
|
|
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| Pervushovisaurus
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P. campylodon
|
|
|
|
|
| Sisteronia
|
S. seeleyi
|
|
|
|
|
Lepidosauria
| Lepidosauria
|
| Genus
|
Species
|
Locality
|
Material
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| Patricosaurus
|
P. merocratus[14]
|
|
|
Chimeric specimen
|
|
Invertebrates
Ammonites
- Salaziceras salazacense[15]
See also
- List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hart, Malcolm B.; Fox, Lyndsey R. (2020). "Micropalaeontology and stratigraphical setting of the Cambridge Greensand" (in en). Geological Society, London, Special Publications 498 (1): 147–163. doi:10.1144/SP498-2018-144. ISSN 0305-8719. Bibcode: 2020GSLSP.498..147H. http://sp.lyellcollection.org/lookup/doi/10.1144/SP498-2018-144.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cambridge Greensand at BGS
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Table 11.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 215.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "Table 17.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 367.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Table 19.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 417.
- ↑ "Table 20.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 443.
- ↑ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 270.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Holgado, Borja (2021). "On the validity of the genus Amblydectes Hooley 1914 (Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae) and the presence of Tropeognathinae in the Cambridge Greensand". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 93 (suppl 2). doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120201658. ISSN 1678-2690. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652021000401220&tlng=en.
- ↑ Smith, Roy E.; Ibrahim, Nizar; Longrich, Nicholas; Unwin, David M.; Jacobs, Megan L.; Williams, Cariad J.; Zouhri, Samir; Martill, David M. (September 2023). "The pterosaurs of the Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco" (in en). PalZ 97 (3): 519–568. doi:10.1007/s12542-022-00642-6. ISSN 0031-0220. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12542-022-00642-6.
- ↑ Taissa Rodrigues; Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner (2013). "Taxonomic review of the Ornithocheirus complex (Pterosauria) from the Cretaceous of England". ZooKeys (308): 1–112. doi:10.3897/zookeys.308.5559. PMID 23794925.
- ↑ Unwin D.M., 2001, "An overview of the pterosaur assemblage from the Cambridge Greensand (Cretaceous) of Eastern England", Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe 4: 189–221
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :3
- ↑ Valentin Fischer; Nathalie Bardet; Myette Guiomar; Pascal Godefroit (2014). "High Diversity in Cretaceous Ichthyosaurs from Europe Prior to Their Extinction". PLOS ONE 9 (1): e84709. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084709. PMID 24465427. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...984709F.
- ↑ P. M. Barrett and S. E. Evans. 2002. A reassessment of the Early Cretaceous reptile 'Patricosaurus merocratus' Seeley from the Cambridge Greensand, Cambridgeshire, UK. Cretaceous Research 23:231-240
- ↑ C. W. Wright and W. J. Kennedy. 1979. Origin and evolution of the Cretaceous micromorph ammonite family Flickiidae. Palaeontology 22:685-704
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