Earth:Lianmuqin Formation

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Lianmuqin Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early Cretaceous
TypeGeological formation
Unit ofTugulu Group
UnderliesDonggou & Kumutake Formations
OverliesShengjinkou Formation
Thickness213–360 m (699–1,181 ft)
Lithology
PrimaryMudstone, siltstone
Location
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 46°00′N 85°48′E / 46.0°N 85.8°E / 46.0; 85.8
Paleocoordinates [ ⚑ ] 45°00′N 81°54′E / 45.0°N 81.9°E / 45.0; 81.9
RegionXinjiang
CountryChina
ExtentJunggar Basin
Type section
Named forLianmuqin
Lianmuqin Formation is located in China
Lianmuqin Formation
Lianmuqin Formation (China)
Lianmuqin Formation is located in Xinjiang
Lianmuqin Formation
Lianmuqin Formation (Xinjiang)

The Lianmuqin Formation,[1] also transcribed as Lianmugin Formation,[2] and Lianmuxin Formation,[3] is an Early Cretaceous geologic formation composed of "interbedded red green and yellow variegated mudstones and siltstones".[4][5] Dinosaur remains have been recovered from it.[6]

The formation is named after Lianmuqin Town in Shanshan County, Xinjiang.

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Asiatosaurus[7] A. mongoliensis[7] NW Junggar Basin
Kelmayisaurus[7][8] K. petrolicus[7] NW Junggar Basin "Maxilla and dentary."[9]
Xinjiangovenator X. parvus NW Junggar Basin "Tibia [and] phalanges."[10] Formerly thought to be a representative of Phaedrolosaurus ilikensis.[7]
Phaedrolosaurus P. ilikensis NW Junggar Basin "tooth"[11]
Psittacosaurus[7] P. xinjiangensis[7] NW Junggar Basin
Tugulusaurus[7] T. faciles[7] NW Junggar Basin "Hindlimb, rib, [and a] vertebral centrum."[12]
Wuerhosaurus[7] W. homheni[7] NW Junggar Basin "Partial skeleton."[13]

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Dsungaripteridae indet.[14] indeterminate[14] Southern Junggar Basin Not referable to Lonchognathosaurus or Dsungaripterus; likely a new taxon.[14]
Dsungaripterus D. weii[15] NW Junggar Basin
Dsungaripterus and Noripterus
Noripterus N. complicidens[16] NW Junggar Basin
Lonchognathosaurus L. acutirostris[16] Southern Junggar Basin Possible junior synonym of Dsungaripterus weii.[17]
Ornithocheiromorpha Indet.[18] Indeterminate

Plesiosaurs

Name Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Sinopliosaurus S. weiyuanensis NW Junggar Basin Three vertebrae and a tooth.[19][20] Dubious genus of plesiosaur.

Crurotarsans

Name Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Edentosuchus E. tienshanensis[21] NW Junggar Basin

Turtles

Name Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Dracochelys D. bicuspis Southern Junggar Basin [22]
Ordosemys O. brinkmania NW Junggar Basin [22]
Wuguia W. efremovi Southern Junggar Basin [22]
Xinjiangchelys X. sp. NW Junggar Basin [22]
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

See also

  • List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
    • List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera

References

  1. ↑ "Re: Kelmayisaurus a carcharodontosaurid". dml.cmnh.org. http://dml.cmnh.org/2011Apr/msg00306.html. 
  2. ↑ Lianmugin Formation at Fossilworks.org
  3. ↑ I. G. Danilov, J. F. Parham (2007). "The type series of "Sinemys" wuerhoensis, a problematic turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of China, includes at least three taxa". Palaeontology 50 (2): 431. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00632.x. Bibcode: 2007Palgy..50..431D. 
  4. ↑ Lucas, Spencer G, Chinese Fossil vertebrates, Pp. 158-159, New York, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-08483-8.
  5. ↑ Lucas, S.G. (2001). Chinese Fossil Vertebrates. Columbia University Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-231-08483-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=svFUrN8xBpwC. Retrieved 2015-01-05. 
  6. ↑ Weishampel et al., 2004, pp.517-607
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 "48.5 Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, People's Republic of China; 1. Tugulu Group," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 567.
  8. ↑ "A reassessment of Kelmayisaurus petrolicus, a large theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of China". http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app56/app20100125_acc.pdf. 
  9. ↑ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.
  10. ↑ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.
  11. ↑ Z.-M. Dong. (1973). [Dinosaurs from Wuerho]. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academic Sinica 11:45-52. [Chinese]
  12. ↑ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 77.
  13. ↑ "Table 16.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 345.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Pterosaur remains from the Lower Cretaceous Lianmuxin Formation (upper Tugulu Group) of the southern Junggar Basin (NW China)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology 34 (2): 312–321. 2021. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1910819. 
  15. ↑ "Re: The timing of stegosaur extinction". dml.cmnh.org. http://dml.cmnh.org/2005Feb/msg00427.html. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.[1]
  17. ↑ Andres, B.; Clark, J. M.; Xing, X. (2010). "A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (1): 163–187. doi:10.1080/02724630903409220. Bibcode: 2010JVPal..30..163A. http://doc.rero.ch/record/31614/files/PAL_E956.pdf. 
  18. ↑ Song, J.; Zhong, Y.; Jiang, S.; Wang, X. (2025). "The first ornithocheiromorph humerus from Wuerho (Urho), China, with a new isotopic age of the Tugulu Group". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 97 (Suppl. 1): e20240557. doi:10.1590/0001-3765202520240557. 
  19. ↑ C.-C. Young. (1944). On the reptilian remains from Weiyuan, Szechuan, China. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China 24(3–4):187-205
  20. ↑ Z. Dong. (1973). [Cretaceous stratigraphy of Wuerho district, Dsungar Basin]. Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang (II): Pterosaurian Fauna from Wuerho, Sinkiang. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica 11:1-7
  21. ↑ Jinling Li (July 1985). "A revision of Edentosuchus tienshanensis Young from the Tugulu Group of Xinjiang Autonomous Region". Vertebrata PalAsiatica 23 (3): 196–206. http://www.paleoglot.org/files/Li_85a.pdf. Retrieved 2015-01-05. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Zheng, Daran; Chang, Su-Chin; Ramezani, Jahandar; Xu, Xing; Xu, Honghe; Wang, He; Pei, Rui; Fang, Yanan et al. (2023-05-10). "Calibrating the Early Cretaceous Urho Pterosaur Fauna in Junggar Basin and implications for the evolution of the Jehol Biota". Geological Society of America Bulletin. doi:10.1130/b36795.1. ISSN 0016-7606. 

Bibliography



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