Earth:List of tornadoes spawned by tropical cyclones

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Intense tropical cyclones usually produce tornadoes, the majority of those weak, especially upon landfall.

List of tornadoes

These are the tropical cyclones that are known to have spawned tornadoes. The list is most complete for the U.S., but does include other areas. Within the United States 1,163 tornadoes were associated with tropical cyclones,[1] accounting for slightly under 6% of all tornadoes. The most tornadoes spawned by a single tropical cyclone were associated with Hurricane Ivan, which spawned 120 tornadoes.

Pre–1900

Tropical cyclone Outbreak dates Tornadoes Location of tornado(es) Notes Refs
unnamed September 10, 1811 1 South Carolina [2]
unnamed June 30, 1814 1 South Carolina [2]
unnamed September 10, 1882 *3 Florida [2]
unnamed October 4, 1885 *1 New Jersey [2]
unnamed October 11, 1885 *1 Florida [2]
unnamed July 6, 1891 *4 Louisiana, Mississippi [2]
unnamed September 13, 1892 *4 North Carolina, South Carolina [2]
1893 Sea Islands hurricane August 28, 1893 *1 North Carolina [2]
unnamed September 7, 1893 *1 Louisiana [2]
unnamed October 4, 1899 *1 Georgia [2]

1900–1949

Tropical cyclone Outbreak dates Tornadoes Location of tornado(es) Notes Refs
1900 Galveston hurricane September 7, 1900 *2 Georgia [2]
Hurricane Four (1915) September 4, 1915 *2 Georgia, Virginia [2]
1916 Gulf Coast hurricane July 6, 1916 *11 Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi [2]
1916 Charleston hurricane July 15, 1916 *1 South Carolina [2]
1916 Pensacola hurricane October 18, 1916 *4 Alabama [2]
unnamed October 29, 1917 *4 South Carolina, Virginia [2]
1919 Florida Keys hurricane September 10, 1919 *1 Florida [2]
1919 Florida Keys hurricane September 15, 1919 2 Texas, New Mexico [2]
Hurricane Two (1921) September 9, 1921 *6 Texas [2]
1928 Haiti hurricane August 10, 1928 *5 South Carolina [2]
1928 Haiti hurricane August 15, 1928 *4 South Carolina, North Carolina [2]
1929 Bahamas hurricane September 28, 1929 *6 Florida, South Carolina [2]
1933 Treasure Coast hurricane September 6, 1933 1 South Carolina [2]
1933 Cuba–Bahamas hurricane October 4, 1933 *2 Florida [2]
Hurricane Three (1934) July 24, 1934 *8 Texas [2]
1935 Labor Day hurricane September 4, 1935 *13 South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland [2]
1938 Atlantic hurricane season August 15, 1938 *1 Louisiana [2]
1940 South Carolina hurricane August 10, 1940 2 South Carolina [2]
Tropical Storm Six (1941) October 20, 1941 *2 Florida [2]
1944 Cuba–Florida hurricane October 18, 1944 3 Florida [2]
1945 Texas hurricane August 27, 1945 *2 Texas F3 killed one and injured 15 in Houston [2]
1945 Homestead hurricane September 17, 1945 *1 South Carolina [2]
Tropical Storm Six (1947) September 19, 1947 *1 Florida F3 killed two and injured 100 in Apalachicola [2]
1947 Cape Sable hurricane October 11, 1947 *4 Florida [2]
Hurricane Five (1948) September 4, 1948 1 Georgia, Florida [2]
September 1948 Florida hurricane September 21, 1948 *1 Florida [2]
1948 Miami hurricane October 5, 1948 *3 Florida [2]
1949 Florida hurricane August 28, 1949 *4 North Carolina [2]
1949 Texas hurricane October 3, 1949 1 Texas -

1950–1979

Tropical cyclone Outbreak dates Tornadoes Location of tornado(es) Notes Refs
Hurricane Baker August 30–31, 1950 2 Texas [2][3]
Hurricane Able August 31, 1952 3 Virginia, North Carolina, Maryland [2][4]
Hurricane Connie August 10, 1955 4 South Carolina, North Carolina, Delaware [2]
Hurricane Diane August 19, 1955 *1 Pennsylvania [2]
Hurricane Flossy September 24, 1956 *5 Florida, Georgia, South Carolina [2]
Hurricane Audrey June 27, 1957 *21 Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Tennessee [5]
Hurricane Cindy July 10, 1959 11 North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Georgia [2]
Hurricane Debra July 24, 1959 5 Oklahoma, Texas [2]
Hurricane Gracie September 29, 1959 7 South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Pennsylvania [2]
Hurricane Judith October 17, 1959 1 Florida [2]
Hurricane Donna September 10, 1960 5 Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina [2]
Hurricane Ethel September 15, 1960 6 Florida, Alabama [2]
Hurricane Carla September 10, 1961 21 Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, Michigan, Arkansas F4 killed 8 in Galveston, Texas vicinity; one of only two hurricane-spawned violent tornado [6]
Hurricane Cleo August 27, 1964 12 Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina [7]
Hurricane Dora September 12, 1964 3 South Carolina, North Carolina [8]
Hurricane Hilda October 3, 1964 12 Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, North Carolina F4 killed 22 in Larose, Louisiana vicinity; one of only two hurricane-spawned violent tornado [9]
Hurricane Isbell October 14, 1964 9 Florida [9]
Hurricane Betsy September 8, 1965 7 Florida, Alabama, Mississippi [10]
Hurricane Alma June 8, 1966 5 Florida, Mississippi [2]
Hurricane Inez October 4, 1966 2 Florida [2]
Hurricane Beulah September 20, 1967 115 Texas, Mexico [5]
Hurricane Abby June 7, 1968 4 North Carolina [2]
Hurricane Gladys October 17, 1968 2 Florida [2]
Hurricane Camille August 17, 1969 2 Florida [2]
Hurricane Celia August 31, 1970 9 Texas [2]
Hurricane Edith September 16, 1971 16 Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi [2]
Hurricane Fern September 10, 1971 5 Texas [2]
Hurricane Agnes June 18, 1972 17 Florida, Georgia [2]
Hurricane Carmen September 8, 1974 4 Louisiana [2]
Hurricane Eloise September 23, 1975 5 Georgia, Florida [2]
Hurricane Babe September 5, 1977 14 Louisiana, South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama [2]
Hurricane David September 3, 1979 34 Florida, Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Delaware [5]
Hurricane Frederic September 12, 1979 10 Alabama, Georgia, Florida [2]

1980–1999

Tropical cyclone Date of (first) tornado Tornadoes Area affected Notes Refs
Hurricane Allen August 9, 1980 *29 Texas Costliest tropical cyclone–related tornado in history struck Austin, Texas vicinity inflicting $100 million in damages
T. D. #2 June 5, 1981 9 Louisiana, Texas [11]
Hurricane Dennis August 17, 1981 2 Florida
T. D. #8 August 31, 1981 14 Texas [12]
Hurricane Alicia August 17, 1983 *22 Texas
Hurricane Diana September 5, 1984 1 Florida
Hurricane Danny August 15, 1985 *39 Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, South Carolina, Georgia
Hurricane Elena August 31, 1985 10 Florida
Typhoon Tess (Miling) September 3, 1985 1 Lemery, Batangas, Philippines [13]
Hurricane Gloria September 27, 1985 2 New Jersey, Massachusetts
Hurricane Juan October 28, 1985 11 Florida, Alabama, Mississippi
Hurricane Bonnie June 27, 1986 5 Louisiana
Hurricane Gilbert September 16, 1988 *29+ Texas, Mexico
Typhoon Ruby (Unsang) October 23, 1988 1 Misamis Oriental, Philippines [14]
Hurricane Chantal August 1, 1989 4 Texas
Hurricane Hugo September 22, 1989 3 South Carolina, North Carolina
Hurricane Jerry October 15, 1989 5 Texas
Hurricane Bob August 18, 1991 5 North Carolina, New York
Tropical Storm Beryl (1994) August 16–17, 1994 37 Carolinas, Georgia, Mid Atlantic
Hurricane Georges September 1998 47 Alabama, Georgia, Florida
Hurricane Floyd September 16, 1999 14+ North Carolina [15]

2000–2009

Tropical cyclone Date of (first) tornado Tornadoes Area affected Notes Refs
Hurricane Gordon September 16, 2000 11 Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina
Tropical Storm Helene September 22, 2000 13 Florida, Georgia, South Carolina
Hurricane Keith October 6, 2000 1 Texas
Tropical Storm Allison June 11, 2001 28 Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Virginia, Massachusetts, Maine, Texas
Tropical Storm Barry August 2, 2001 5 Florida, Mississippi, Missouri
Tropical Storm Gabrielle September 13, 2001 18 Florida
Hurricane Michelle November 5, 2001 5 Florida
Tropical Storm Fay September 6, 2002 11 Texas
Hurricane Gustav September 10, 2002 1 North Carolina
Tropical Storm Hanna September 14, 2002 2 Alabama, Georgia
Hurricane Isidore September 25, 2002 10 Alabama, Florida, Louisiana
Hurricane Lili October 3, 2002 26 Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Kentucky
Hurricane Kyle October 8, 2002 8 South Carolina, North Carolina
Hurricane Charley August 13, 2004 16 Florida, North Carolina, Virginia
Hurricane Gaston August 29, 2004 33
Hurricane Frances September 4–8, 2004 103* Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia
Hurricane Ivan September 16, 2004 120 United States Gulf Coast and Mid-Atlantic Coast
Tropical Storm Arlene June 11, 2005 3 Florida, Indiana [1]
Hurricane Cindy July 5, 2005 44 Southeastern United States
Hurricane Dennis July 10, 2005 10 Florida and Georgia [16]
Hurricane Emily July 20, 2005 11 Texas [16]
Hurricane Katrina August 25, 2005 59 United States Gulf Coast [1]
Hurricane Rita September 24, 2005 98 United States Gulf Coast [1][16]
Tropical Storm Tammy October 6, 2005 1 Georgia, United States [16]
Hurricane Wilma October 24, 2005 8 Florida [16]
Tropical Storm Alberto June 12, 2006 17 Southeastern United States [1]
Hurricane Ernesto August 24, 2006 5 Florida and North Carolina, United States [17]
Tropical Storm Barry June 1–2, 2007 4 Cuba, Florida, United States [18][19]
Tropical Storm Erin August 16, 2007 7 Texas, Oklahoma, and Louisiana United States [18]
Hurricane Humberto September 12, 2007 1 Louisiana, United States [1]
Tropical Depression Ten September 20, 2007 2 Florida, United States [18]
Tropical Storm Olga December 16, 2007 2 Florida, United States [1][18]
Hurricane Dolly July 23–24, 2008 6 Texas, United States [1][20]
Tropical Storm Fay August 18–27, 2008 50 South-eastern United States [20]
Hurricane Gustav August 31, 2008 49 United States Gulf Coast [20]
Hurricane Hanna September 6, 2008 1 Pennsylvania and Virginia [20]
Hurricane Ike September 9, 2008 33 United States Gulf Coast [1][20]
Tropical Storm Nangka (Feria) June 24, 2009 1 Samar, Philippines [21]

2010–2019

Tropical cyclone Outbreak dates Tornadoes Location of tornado(es) Refs
Hurricane Alex June 30 – July 2, 2010 11 Texas, United States [1][22]
Tropical Storm Hermine September 7–9, 2010 13 Southern United States [1]
Cyclone Carlos February 22, 2011 4 Karratha, Australia [23]
Tropical Storm Arlene June 30, 2011 1 Texas, United States [24]
Hurricane Irene August 26, 2011 9 United States East Coast [1]
Tropical Storm Lee September 3–7, 2011 46 Southeastern United States [25]
Hurricane Rina October 29, 2011 2 Florida, United States [1]
Tropical Storm Beryl May 28–30, 2012 4 Southeastern United States [26]
Tropical Storm Debby June 23–27, 2012 24 Florida, United States [27]
Hurricane Isaac August 21 – September 1, 2012 26 Southeastern, Midwestern, and Eastern United States [28]
Typhoon Sanba (Karen) September 18, 2012 10 Several Japan [29]
Hurricane Sandy October 28, 2012 1 Bermuda [30]
Cyclone Evan December 2012 10 Several Samoa [31]
Cyclone Oswald January 17–29, 2013 10 Several Queensland, Australia [32]
And Tropical Storm Andrea June 5–7, 2013 16 Cuba, Florida, North Carolina [33]
Beb Tropical Storm Bebinca (Fabian) 130620 June 20, 2013 2 Palawan and Occidental Mindoro, Philippines [34]
Rum Severe Tropical Storm Rumbia (Gorio) 130629 June 29, 2013 1 Quezon, Philippines [35]
Tor Severe Tropical Storm Toraji 130902 September 4, 2013 3 Japan [36][37]
Man Typhoon Man-yi 130915 September 15–16, 2013 10 Japan [36][38][39]
Tropical Storm Cindy June 22, 2017 18 Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey [40]
Tropical Storm Emily July 31, 2017 18 Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey [41]
Hurricane Harvey August 25 – September 1, 2017 52 Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee [42]
Tropical Storm Philippe October 28–29, 2017 2 Florida [43][44]
Tropical Storm Alberto May 31, 2018 4 Florida, South Carolina, Ohio [45]
Tropical Storm Gordon September 5–8, 2018 7 Mississippi, Kentucky, Indiana [46]
Hurricane Florence September 13–17, 2018 44 North Carolina, Virginia, South Carolina [47]
Typhoon Mangkhut (Ompong) September 14, 2018 1 Marikina, Metro Manila, Philippines [48]
Hurricane Michael October 10, 2018 16 Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Virginia [49]
Hurricane Dorian September 5–6, 2019 20 North Carolina, South Carolina [50]
Typhoon Hagibis October 12, 2019 1 Ichihara, Chiba Prefecture, Japan [51]
Tropical Storm Nestor October 19, 2019 3 Florida [52]

2020–2022

Tropical cyclone Outbreak dates Tornadoes Location of tornado(es) Refs
Severe Tropical Cyclone Harold April 8, 2020 Several Fiji [53]
Tropical Storm Cristobal June 6, 2020 13 Florida, Illinois, Ohio [54]
Tropical Storm Fay July 11, 2020 1 Maine [55]
Hurricane Hanna July 26, 2020 5 Texas [56][57]
Hurricane Isaias August 3–4, 2020 39 East Coast of the United States [58]
Hurricane Laura August 27–28, 2020 16 Gulf Coast of the United States
Hurricane Sally September 16–18, 2020 23 Southern United States
Subtropical Storm Alpha September 18, 2020 2 Portugal
Tropical Storm Beta September 25, 2020 1 South Carolina
Hurricane Delta October 8–11, 2020 14 Southern United States
Tropical Storm Claudette June 19–20, 2021 9 Southern United States [59]
Hurricane Elsa July 6–9, 2021 17 East Coast of the United States
Tropical Storm Fred August 17–19, 2021 30 East Coast of the United States
Hurricane Ida August 29–September 2, 2021 29 Southeastern to Mid-Atlantic to Northeastern United States
Tropical Storm Alex June 3, 2022 2 Cuba [60]
Typhoon Chaba (Caloy) June 28, 2022 3 Shantou, Chaozhou, and Foshan [61][62][63]
Hurricane Ian September 27-28, 2022 15 Florida, North Carolina [64]

See also

  • Lists of Atlantic hurricanes
  • List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
  • List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes
  • List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes
    • List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes (2000–2009)
    • List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes (2010–2019)
    • List of F4 and EF4 tornadoes (2020–present)

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Edwards, Roger. "Tropical cyclone tornado data set" (xls). Storm Prediction Center. http://www.spc.noaa.gov/misc/edwards/TCTOR/tctor.xls. 
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.57 2.58 2.59 2.60 2.61 2.62 Grazulis, Tom; McCaul, Bill. "Tropical Storms and Hurricanes Which Have Spawned Tornadoes". The Tornado Project. http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/allhurricanes.htm. 
  3. ↑ "Baker tornadoes". Storm Prediction Center. http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/Florida/1950/August/table. 
  4. ↑ "Able tornadoes". Storm Prediction Center. http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/1952/8/31/table. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Grazulis, Tom; McCaul, Bill. "Tropical Storms and Hurricanes Spawning 20 or More Known Tornadoes". The Tornado Project. http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/tophurricanes.htm. 
  6. ↑ "September 1961 Tornado Summary". National Climatic Data Center. Tornado History Project. 2014. http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/1961/9/table. 
  7. ↑ "August 1964 Tornado Summary". National Climatic Data Center. Tornado History Project. 2014. http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/1964/8/table. 
  8. ↑ "September 1964 Tornado Summary". National Climatic Data Center. Tornado History Project. 2014. http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/1964/9/table. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "October 1964 Tornado Summary". National Climatic Data Center. Tornado History Project. 2014. http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/1964/10/table. 
  10. ↑ "September 1965 Tornado Summary". National Climatic Data Center. Tornado History Project. 2014. http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/1965/9/table. 
  11. ↑ United Press International. Thunderstorms Pound Gulf Coast. Retrieved on 2008-05-13.
  12. ↑ David M. Roth. Tropical Depression Eight – August 27 – September 1, 1981. Retrieved on 2008-05-12.
  13. ↑ "Tropical storm Tess leavs hundreds homeless, one dead in Philippines". UPI. September 3, 1985. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1985/09/03/Tropical-storm-Tess-leavs-hundreds-homeless-one-dead-in-Philippines/4088494568000/. 
  14. ↑ "Typhoon spawns twister in Philippines". UPI. October 23, 1988. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/10/23/Typhoon-spawns-twister-in-Philippines/5724593582400/. 
  15. ↑ Richard J. Pasch, Todd B. Kimberlain and Stacy R. Stewart. Preliminary Report: Hurricane Floyd 7 – 17 September, 1999. Retrieved on 2008-05-31.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 Beven, John L; Avila, Lixion A; Blake, Eric S; Brown, Daniel P; Franklin, James L; Knabb, Richard D; Pasch, Richard J; Rhome, Jamie R et al. (March 1, 2008). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 136 (3): 1109–1173. doi:10.1175/2007MWR2074.1. Bibcode: 2008MWRv..136.1109B. 
  17. ↑ Franklin, James L; Brown, Daniel P (2007). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2006". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 137 (3): 1174–1200. doi:10.1175/2007MWR2377.1. Bibcode: 2008MWRv..136.1174F. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Brennan, Michael J; Knabb, Richard J; Mainelli, Michelle; Kimberlain, Todd B (2009). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2007". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 138 (5): 4061–4088. doi:10.1175/2009MWR2995.1. Bibcode: 2009MWRv..137.4061B. http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/2009MWR3174.1. Retrieved December 4, 2013.  Alt URL
  19. ↑ Instituto de Meteorología (April 7, 2008). "Member Report: Cuba: Summary of the 2007 Hurricane Season In Cuba". RA IV Hurricane Committee. World Meteorological Organization. p. 1. http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/Meetings/HC30/documents/Doc.4Add.2.E.doc. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 Brown, Daniel P; Beven, John L; Franklin, James L; Blake, Eric S (May 1, 2010). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2008". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 138 (5): 1975–2001. doi:10.1175/2009MWR3174.1. Bibcode: 2010MWRv..138.1975B. https://zenodo.org/record/1234547. 
  21. ↑ "Tropical storm kills 6 in central Philippines". 24 June 2009. https://archive.shine.cn/world/Tropical-storm-kills-6-in-central-Philippines/shdaily.shtml. 
  22. ↑ Pasch, Richard J (December 15, 2010) (PDF). Hurricane Alex: June 25 – July 2, 2010 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 3. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012010_Alex.pdf. Retrieved May 9, 2017. 
  23. ↑ Western Australian Regional Office. "Severe Tropical Cyclone Carlos". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. http://www.bom.gov.au/announcements/sevwx/wa/watc20110213.shtml. 
  24. ↑ Beven II, John L (August 8, 2012) (PDF). Tropical Storm Arlene: June 28 – July 1, 2011 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 2. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012011_Arlene.pdf. Retrieved May 9, 2017. 
  25. ↑ Brown, Daniel P (December 15, 2011) (PDF). Tropical Storm Lee (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. pp. 4–5. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL132011_Lee.pdf. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  26. ↑ Beven II, John L (December 12, 2012) (PDF). Tropical Storm Beryl: May 20 – 26, 2012 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 4. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL022012_Beryl.pdf. Retrieved May 9, 2017. 
  27. ↑ Kimberlain, Todd B (January 7, 2013) (PDF). Tropical Storm Debby: June 23 – 27, 2012 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 4. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL042012_Debby.pdf. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  28. ↑ Berg, Robert J (January 28, 2013) (PDF). Hurricane Issac: August 21 – September 1, 2012 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 8. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL092012_Isaac.pdf. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  29. ↑ Japan Meteorological Agency (November 22, 2012). "Member Report: Japan". ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee: 7th Integrated Workshop. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. pp. 9–10. http://www.typhooncommittee.org/IWS_Nanjing/Docs%20Nanjing/Members%20Report/7th_IWS_TC_CR_Japan.pdf. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  30. ↑ Blake, Eric S; Kimberlain, Todd B; Berg, Robert J; Cangialosi, John P; Beven II, John L (February 12, 2013) (PDF). Hurricane Sandy: October 22 – 29, 2012 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 14. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL182012_Sandy.pdf. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  31. ↑ "Storm Events Database – Event Details | National Centers for Environmental Information". https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=421674. 
  32. ↑ Queensland Regional Office (February 2013). Tropical Cyclone Oswald (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. http://www.bom.gov.au/announcements/sevwx/qld/qldtc20130117.shtml. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  33. ↑ Beven II, John L (August 22, 2013) (PDF). Tropical Storm Andrea: June 5 – 7, 2013 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. pp. 4–5. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012013_Andrea.pdf. Retrieved May 9, 2017. 
  34. ↑ "Effects of Tropical Depression "Fabian" in Region IV-B". National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. June 22, 2013. http://www.ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1050/UPD%20re%20Effects%20of%20TD%20Fabian%20in%20Region%20IV-B%2022%20June2013.pdf.PDF. 
  35. ↑ "SitRep No.9 re Preparedness Measures and Effects of Tropical Storm "Gorio"". National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. July 1, 2013. http://www.ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1054/sitrep%209%20update%20gorio.PDF. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Japan Meteorological Agency (November 22, 2013). "Member Report: Japan". ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee: 8th Integrated Workshop/2nd TRCG Forum. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. p. 9. http://www.typhooncommittee.org/8IWS_2TRCG/docs/Members%20Report/MEMBER%20REPORT_Japan%20-%20Final.pdf. Retrieved December 4, 2013. 
  37. ↑ (in ja) 平成25年9月2日からの突風及び大雨による被害状況等について（最終報） (Report). Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency. http://www.fdma.go.jp/bn/%E5%B9%B3%E6%88%9025%E5%B9%B49%E6%9C%882%E6%97%A5%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E7%AA%81%E9%A2%A8%E5%8F%8A%E3%81%B3%E5%A4%A7%E9%9B%A8%E7%AD%89%E8%A2%AB%E5%AE%B3%E5%A0%B1%EF%BC%88%E6%9C%80%E7%B5%82%E5%A0%B1%29%20%20.pdf. Retrieved December 26, 2013. 
  38. ↑ (in ja) 台風第１８号による被害状況等について（第１１報） (Report). Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency. October 7, 2013. http://www.fdma.go.jp/bn/%E5%8F%B0%E9%A2%A8%E7%AC%AC%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%98%E5%8F%B7%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E8%A2%AB%E5%AE%B3%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81%E7%AD%89%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%EF%BC%911%E5%A0%B1%EF%BC%89.pdf. Retrieved December 21, 2013. 
  39. ↑ Japan Meteorological Agency (January 4, 2015). "Japan". ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee 9th Integrated Workshop October 20–23, 2014. http://www.typhooncommittee.org/9IWS/DOCS/Members%20Report/Japan/MEMBER%20REPORT_japan_2014.pdf. Retrieved April 18, 2015. 
  40. ↑ Berg, Robbie (January 26, 2018) (PDF). Tropical Storm Cindy: June 20 - 23, 2017 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 5. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL032017_Cindy.pdf. Retrieved September 25, 2019. 
  41. ↑ Berg, Robbie (January 26, 2018) (PDF). Tropical Storm Cindy: June 20 - 23, 2017 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 5. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL032017_Cindy.pdf. Retrieved September 25, 2019. 
  42. ↑ Blake, Eric S; Zelinsky, David A (May 9, 2018) (PDF). Hurricane Harvey: August 17 – September 1, 2018 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 8. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL092017_Harvey.pdf. Retrieved September 25, 2019. 
  43. ↑ Cohen, Howard (October 28, 2017). "Tornado touches down in Bird Road neighborhood". Miami Herald. http://www.miamiherald.com/news/weather/article181495751.html. 
  44. ↑ "Tower cam captures video of tornado in West Palm Beach". WFLA. October 29, 2017. http://wfla.com/2017/10/29/tower-cam-captures-video-of-tornado-in-west-palm-beach/. 
  45. ↑ Berg, Robbie (October 18, 2018) (PDF). Tropical Storm Alberto: May 25 – 31, 2018 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 6. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012018_Alberto.pdf. Retrieved September 25, 2019. 
  46. ↑ Brown, Daniel P; Latto, Andrew; Berg, Robbie (October 18, 2018) (PDF). Hurricane Gordon: August 31 – September 17, 2018 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 6. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL072018_Gordon.pdf. Retrieved September 25, 2019. 
  47. ↑ Stewart, Stacy R; Berg, Robbie (October 18, 2018) (PDF). Hurricane Florence: August 31 – September 17, 2018 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 8. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL062018_Florence.pdf. Retrieved September 25, 2019. 
  48. ↑ "Buhawi nanalasa sa Marikina; 2 residente nakuryente" (in tl). 14 September 2018. https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/09/14/18/ipo-ipo-nanalasa-sa-marikina-2-residente-nakuryente. 
  49. ↑ Beven II, John L; Berg, Robbie; Hagen, Andrew (May 17, 2019) (PDF). Hurricane Michael: October 7 – 11, 2018 (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Hurricane Center. p. 10. http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL142018_Michael.pdf. Retrieved September 25, 2019. 
  50. ↑ Winsor, Morgan; Shapiro, Emily (6 September 2019). "Hurricane Dorian, already responsible for 20 reported tornadoes, lashes North Carolina coast". https://abcnews.go.com/US/hurricane-dorian-takes-aim-carolinas-death-toll-rises/story?id=65401919. 
  51. ↑ Demetriou, Danielle; Ryall, Julian (12 October 2019). "Millions evacuated as Super Typhoon Hagibis slams into Japan – throwing Rugby World Cup into chaos". https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/10/12/tokyo-bracing-worst-typhoon-six-decades/. 
  52. ↑ "Event Review Tropical Storm Nestor". https://www.weather.gov/tbw/ER2019_Tropical_Storm_Nestor. 
  53. ↑ Fiji Climate Summary: April 2020 Volume 41: Issue 4 (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. May 8, 2020. https://www.met.gov.fj/aifs_prods/Climate_Products/April%202020climateSum2020.07.23%2008.11.03.pdf. Retrieved August 23, 2020. 
  54. ↑ "Cristobal's Outer Bands Bring Tornado to Downtown Orlando". 6 June 2020. https://weather.com/storms/severe/video/cristobals-outer-brands-bring-tornado-to-downtown-orlando. 
  55. ↑ Herzmann, Daryl. "IEM :: PNS from NWS GYX". https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSGYX&e=202007120103. 
  56. ↑ Herzmann, Daryl. "IEM :: PNS from NWS BRO". https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSBRO&e=202007312201. 
  57. ↑ Herzmann, Daryl. "IEM :: PNS from NWS EWX". https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSEWX&e=202007271725. 
  58. ↑ "NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit". https://apps.dat.noaa.gov/StormDamage/DamageViewer/. 
  59. ↑ "Claudette's tornado tally reaches 7 across 4 states". https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/Claudette-s-tornado-tally-reaches-7-across-4-16265325.php. 
  60. ↑ "NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER TROPICAL CYCLONE REPORT TROPICAL STORM ALEX (AL012022)". National Hurricane Center. https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL012022_Alex.pdf. 
  61. ↑ "Another urban tornado just occurred in #Foshan, China within the outer rainbands of Tropical Storm #Chaba. The city of #Foshan is prone to tornadoes and interestingly, an analog Typhoon #Prapiroon (2006) also dropped a tornado nearby.". FansOfStorms. https://twitter.com/FansOfStorms/status/1542599467148484608. 
  62. ↑ "More tornadoes reported from the outer rainbands of Typhoon #Chaba. This video is taken in #Chaozhou, over 300 miles away from the storm center, reminding us how widespread these typhoon-related hazards can be! (witness: @LCLCLKLZ on Weibo)". FansOfStorms. https://twitter.com/FansOfStorms/status/1543082986647732228. 
  63. ↑ "Another one! Waterspout moving onshore in #Shantou, within the outer rainbands of Typhoon #Chaba, well over 300 miles away from the storm center!". FansOfStorms. https://twitter.com/FansOfStorms/status/1543084822502973440. 
  64. ↑ "Boca Raton/Delray Beach/Kings Point EF-2 Tornado". National Weather Service. https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/wx/afos/p.php?pil=PNSMFL&e=202209291711. 

Further reading

External links



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