Engineering:AAE-1

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Asia-Africa-Europe 1 (AAE-1) is a 25,000 km submarine communications cable system from South East Asia to Europe across Egypt, connecting Hong Kong, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, India, Pakistan, Oman, UAE, Qatar, Yemen, Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Greece, Italy, and France.

The AAE-1 cable has a design capacity of 40 Tbit/s, across 5 fibre pairs, to supply the broadband market across Asia, Africa and Europe. In June 2017, it was launched for commercial services and was considered the longest submarine cable in the world, until it was surpassed by 2Africa.[1]

AAE-1 terminates at carrier neutral data centers in regional hubs, such as Telecom House in Hong Kong, Equinix in Singapore and Interxion in France.[2]

In May 2022, AAE-1's SLTE was upgraded by the consortium through Infinera's ICE6 800G solution, increasing design capacity to over 100 Tbit/s.[3][4]

Consortium members

China Unicom initiated the AAE-1 cable project in 2011, with the support and partnership from Telecom Egypt. The AAE-1 consortium, which obtained the construction and maintenance contract in 2014, consists of over 17 carriers, including China Unicom, Djibouti Telecom, Etisalat, Global Transit, HyalRoute, Jio, Metfone, Mobily, Omantel, Ooredoo, Oteglobe, PCCW Global, PTCL, Retelit, Telecom Egypt, TeleYemen, TOT, VNPT, Viettel.[5]

Landing points and operators

AAE-1 does not land directly in Singapore, instead it connects through a terrestrial extension between Malaysia and Singapore.[6]

AAE-1 Cable Landing Points
Location Operator & Technical Partner
Marseille, France Omantel[7]
Bari, Italy Retelit (it)[8]
Chania, Greece OTEGLOBE[9]
Abu Talat, Egypt

Zafarana, Egypt

Telecom Egypt[10]
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Mobily[11]
Djibouti City, Djibouti Djibouti Telecom[12]
Aden, Yemen TeleYemen[13]
Al Bustan, Oman Omantel[14]
Fujairah, UAE Etisalat by e&[15]
Doha, Qatar Ooredoo Qatar[16]
Karachi, Pakistan Pakistan Telecommunicaton Company Limited[17]
Mumbai, India Reliance Jio[18]
Ngwe Saung, Myanmar China Unicom[19]
Satun, Thailand National Telecom Public Company Limited[20]
Songkhla, Thailand National Telecom Public Company Limited[20]
Butterworth, Malaysia TIME dotCom[21]
Sihanoukville, Cambodia HyalRoute[22]
Vung Tau, Vietnam Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group[23]
Cape D'Aguilar, Hong Kong PCCW Global[24]

Incidents

February 2024

On 26 February 2024, it was reported that multiple submarine cables in the Red Sea, including AAE-1, SEACOM and EIG were damaged. As a result, 25% of the internet traffic between Europe, Asia and the Middle East has been affected. The cause of the damage is currently unknown, and due to the sensitivity of the location, the cable operators are currently unable to provide a repair timeline.[25][26][27]

One hypothesis for the source of the damage is that the cable was severed by the dragging anchor of the MV Rubymar vessel which was abandoned by its crew after Houthi forces attacked it with two anti-ship missiles.[28] As of 13 May 2024, repairs to AAE-1 were still pending[29] due to the refusal of permits from the Yemeni Government.[30]

In July 2024, repairs were successfully carried out on the AAE-1 cable.[31][32][33]

May 2024

On 24 May 2024, the AAE-1 cable developed a fault on the S1H5 branch, which connects Vietnam to Singapore.[34] After multiple delays, repairs were completed in December 2024 and power reconfiguration on the S1H5 branch restored full capacity to Hong Kong and Singapore on 31 December 2024.[35][36]

December 2024

On 29 December 2024, the AAE-1 cable was reported to have been cut approximately 180 kilometers from Zafarana, Egypt impacting traffic to Marseille. The outage was estimated to be resolved by mid-February 2025 but has been hit with several delays.[37] On 4 March 2025, the PEACE Cable was reportedly cut approximately 1,450 kilometers from Zafarana. With both the AAE-1 and PEACE cables disrupted simultaneously, capacity between Asia and Europe were negatively impacted.[38]

In April 2025, repairs on the AAE-1 cable were completed and traffic towards Marseille was restored.[37]

January 2025

On the evening of 2 January 2025, the AAE-1 cable system suffered a shunt fault off the coast of Doha, Qatar causing significant network capacity degradation in Pakistan which relies heavily on AAE-1 for international bandwidth.[39][40] On 16 January 2025, PTCL announced that the fault was resolved.[41]

References

  1. ↑ "Asia-Africa-Europe-1 Consortium launches commercial services on AAE-1 submarine cable system" (in en-us). Lightwave. 3 July 2017. https://www.lightwaveonline.com/network-design/high-speed-networks/article/16673860/asiaafricaeurope1-consortium-launches-commercial-services-on-aae1-submarine-cable-system. Retrieved 3 January 2020. 
  2. ↑ "AAE-1 - Submarine Networks". https://www.submarinenetworks.com/en/systems/asia-europe-africa/aae-1. 
  3. ↑ "Press Release: Asia-Africa-Europe-1 Consortium Selects Infinera's ICE6 Solution for Largest-scale Upgrade on a Submarine Cable System" (in en). https://www.infinera.com/press-release/aae-1-consortium-selects-infinera-ice6-for-largest-scale-upgrade/. 
  4. ↑ Malik, Saf (2022-05-10). "Infinera's ICE6 to breathe life into AAE-1 cable" (in en). https://www.capacitymedia.com/article/2a2w1kbpskhqx5weu43cw/news/infineras-ice6-to-breathe-life-into-aae-1-cable. 
  5. ↑ "AAE-1". https://www.aaeone.com/aaeportal/. 
  6. ↑ "Singapore - Submarine Networks". https://www.submarinenetworks.com/en/stations/asia/singapore. 
  7. ↑ "Omantel First GCC Operator to Land Undersea Cable in Europe with AAE-1 in Marseille". https://portal.omantel.om/About%20us/Media%20Center/Details/omantel%20first%20gcc%20operator%20to%20land%20undersea%20cable%20in%20europe%20with%20aae-1%20in%20marseille. 
  8. ↑ "AAE-1 submarine cable enters into service | Retelit" (in en). https://www.retelit.it/en/press/press-releases/2017/aae-1-submarine-cable-enters-into-service. 
  9. ↑ kcl@rk (2017-05-18). "HGC and OTEGLOBE Partner For Connectivity On AAE-1" (in en-US). https://subtelforum.com/hgc-and-oteglobe-partner-for-connectivity-on-aae-1/. 
  10. ↑ "Telecom Egypt concludes the acquisition of Middle East and North Africa Submarine Cable "MENA"". https://ir.te.eg/en/CorporateNews/PressRelease/78/Telecom-Egypt-concludes-the-acquisition-of-Middle-East-and-North-Africa-Submarine-Cable-MENA. 
  11. ↑ "Mobily connects to AAE-1 in Jeddah" (in en). 2016-07-25. https://www.capacitymedia.com/article/29ot865vu8akt0kjsw9hc/news/mobily-connects-to-aae-1-in-jeddah. 
  12. ↑ "Our Network - AAE1 - Djibouti Telecom" (in en). 2019-07-01. https://international.djiboutitelecom.dj/aae1/. 
  13. ↑ "AAE-1". https://www.aaeone.com/aaeportal/. 
  14. ↑ "Omantel lands AAE-1 subsea cable in Oman". https://www.tradearabia.com/news/IT_308399.html. 
  15. ↑ "Etisalat enhances International Connectivity to UAE with AAE-1 Submari" (in en-gb). 2017-07-18. https://www.telecomreview.com/articles/telecom-operators/1481-etisalat-enhances-international-connectivity-to-uae-with-aae-1-submarine-cable-system. 
  16. ↑ kcl@rk (2016-07-18). "Ooredoo Launches AAE-1 Submarine Cable in Qatar" (in en-US). https://subtelforum.com/81ooredoo-launches-aae-1-submarine-cable-in-qatar/. 
  17. ↑ "PTCL inks agreement to build one of the largest Submarine Cable System". https://ptcl.com.pk/Home/PressReleaseDetail/?ItemId=394&linkId=130. 
  18. ↑ "Reliance Jio launches AAE-1, a 25,000km long submarine cable system" (in en). 30 June 2017. https://www.indiatoday.in/technology/news/story/reliance-jio-launches-aae-1-a-25-000km-long-submarine-cable-system-1021623-2017-06-30. 
  19. ↑ "AAE-1 Cable Landed in Myanmar - Submarine Networks". https://www.submarinenetworks.com/en/systems/asia-europe-africa/aae-1/aae-1-landed-in-myanmar. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Theparat, Chatrudee (May 2017). "New cable plan to boost internet link" (in en). Bangkok Post. https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1241458/new-cable-plan-to-boost-internet-link. 
  21. ↑ "TIME dotCom Confirms Investmest in AAE-1 - Submarine Networks". https://www.submarinenetworks.com/en/systems/asia-europe-africa/aae-1/time-dotcom-confirms-investmest-in-aae-1. 
  22. ↑ "Cambodia to get link into AAE-1 Cable - Telecom Review Asia Pacific" (in en-gb). 2016-03-15. https://www.telecomreviewasia.com/news/network-news/225-cambodia-to-get-link-into-aae-1-cable. 
  23. ↑ VietnamPlus (2017-07-03). "VNPT to deploy AAE-1 submarine cable | Sci-Tech | Vietnam+ (VietnamPlus)" (in en). https://en.vietnamplus.vn/vnpt-to-deploy-aae1-submarine-cable/114221.vnp. 
  24. ↑ "PCCW Global lands AAE-1 cable system in Hong Kong" (in en). 2017-07-13. https://www.capacitymedia.com/article/29ot92z2au096723mr7cw/news/pccw-global-lands-aae-1-cable-system-in-hong-kong. 
  25. ↑ Thaler, Shannon (2024-03-04). "Red Sea cables damaged, causing 'significant' disruption to global internet traffic" (in en-US). https://nypost.com/2024/03/04/business/red-sea-cables-damaged-disrupting-global-internet-traffic/. 
  26. ↑ Ahmed, Samra (2024-03-04). "Submarine Cable Damage In Red Sea Disrupts Internet Traffic" (in en-US). https://subtelforum.com/red-sea-cable-damage-disrupt-me-networks/. 
  27. ↑ Swinhoe, Dan (2024-02-26). "At least one subsea fiber cable damaged in the Red Sea, some reports blame Houthi rebels". https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/at-least-one-subsea-fiber-cable-damaged-in-the-red-sea-some-reports-blame-houthi-rebels/. 
  28. ↑ Madory, Doug (2024-03-31). "What Caused the Red Sea Submarine Cable Cuts?". https://www.kentik.com/blog/what-caused-the-red-sea-submarine-cable-cuts/. 
  29. ↑ Belson, David (2024-05-14). "East African Internet connectivity again impacted by submarine cable cuts" (in en). https://blog.cloudflare.com/east-african-internet-connectivity-again-impacted-by-submarine-cable-cuts. 
  30. ↑ Solon, Olivia (2024-05-07). "Full Repairs to Damaged Red Sea Internet Cables Delayed by Yemen Political Splits". https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-07/repairs-to-damaged-red-sea-internet-cables-delayed-by-yemen-political-splits. 
  31. ↑ "Finally, Progress With Red Sea Cable Repairs" (in en-US). 2024-07-17. https://subtelforum.com/finally-progress-with-red-sea-cable-repairs/. 
  32. ↑ Bünte, Oliver (2024-07-18). "AAE-1: Submarine cable in the Red Sea operational again" (in en). https://www.heise.de/en/article/AAE-1-Submarine-cable-in-the-Red-Sea-operational-again-9804596.html. 
  33. ↑ "Ministries of Communications & Transport issue statement on completion of repair works of submarine cables" (in en). 2024-07-23. https://www.saba.ye/en/news3352162.htm. 
  34. ↑ "AAE-1 and APG submarine cables disrupted, impacting Vietnam's Internet - Submarine Networks" (in en). https://www.submarinenetworks.com/en/systems/intra-asia/apg/aae-1-and-apg-submarine-cables-disrupted,-impacting-vietnam%E2%80%99s-internet. 
  35. ↑ "Submarine cable repairs postponed, delaying full connectivity for Vietnam" (in en). https://vietnamnet.vn/en/submarine-cable-repairs-postponed-delaying-full-connectivity-for-vietnam-2337461.html. 
  36. ↑ "Cáp quang biển AAE-1 vừa sửa xong, tuyến IA lại gặp sự cố" (in vi). https://vietnamnet.vn/cap-quang-bien-aae-1-vua-sua-xong-tuyen-ia-lai-gap-su-co-2359678.html. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 "AAE-1 Submarine Cable System Fault" (in en). https://www.gslstatus.com/incidents/6hrs3l2yjj9t. 
  38. ↑ "PEACE Cable Cut in the Red Sea, Repair to be Prolonged - Submarine Networks". 2025-03-07. https://www.submarinenetworks.com/en/systems/asia-europe-africa/peace/peace-cable-cut-in-the-red-sea,-repair-to-be-prolonged. 
  39. ↑ "PTA warns of internet disruptions nationwide due to submarine cable fault" (in en). 2025-01-02. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2519674/pta-warns-of-internet-disruptions-nationwide-due-to-submarine-cable-fault. 
  40. ↑ "Submarine cable fault near Qatar may affect Pakistan internet users: PTA" (in en). 2025-01-02. https://www.brecorder.com/news/40340766/submarine-cable-fault-near-qatar-may-affect-pakistan-internet-users-pta. 
  41. ↑ "Slow internet issue caused by faulty submarine cable resolved in record time: PTCL" (in en). 2025-01-16. https://www.geo.tv/latest/585770-slow-internet-issue-caused-by-faulty-submarine-cable-resolved-in-record-time-ptcl. 

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