Engineering:Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration
| Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration program | |
|---|---|
| Active | 1994–2006 (or FY95–FY07)[lower-alpha 1] |
| Branch | Used by United States Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force |
| Type | Defense acquisition program |
| Role | Reduce time to field improved technology, incorporate user into development process |
The Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) program was a Department of Defense research and evaluation initiative for mature, advanced technology for United States military usage. These demonstrations allowed for cheaper and earlier evaluation of technology and systems than the formal acquisition process.[1]
An ACTD must be sponsored by an operational user, with approval and oversight from the now-terminated role of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Advanced Systems and Concepts, or DUSD(AS&C), previously titled the Deputy USD for Advanced Technology, or DUSD(AT).[1][2]
The follow-on Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) program was initiated by the deputy under-secretary in 2005.[2] The new JCTD framework emphasized multiservice technology development and improvements in planning. ACTDs were replaced by JCTDs during about a three year span from 2005 to 2008. During 2006, the final round of ACTDs were up for selection, and in September 2006 the winning projects received their formal approval.[3] All remaining ACTDs continued to be funded, though, and were expected to conclude by 2008.[2]
Lists of selected programs
The following lists of ACTDs are separated into which year they were selected and approved during.
Fiscal year 1995
| Fiscal Year[1] | # | Title | Class* | Total Expected Cost
(1995–2003: mil, K) |
User/Sponsor | Lead Service or Agency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct. 1994
(FY 1995) |
1 | Advanced Joint
Planning |
I | 40.5m[lower-alpha 2] | US Atlantic
Command |
Defense Information
Systems Agency |
| 2 | Cruise Missile
Defense, Phase I |
III | 74.2m | US Pacific
Command |
Navy | |
| 3 | High-Altitude
Endurance UAV |
II | 922.6m | US Atlantic
Command |
Air Force | |
| 4 | Joint Countermine | III | 402.1m | US Atlantic
Command |
Navy | |
| 5 | Kinetic Energy Boost-
Phase Intercept |
II | 40.0m | Air Combat
Command |
Air Force | |
| 6 | Low-Life-Cycle-Cost
Medium-Lift Helicopter |
II | 800K | Military Sealift
Command |
Navy | |
| 7 | Medium-Altitude
Endurance UAV (Predator) |
II | 128.4m | US Atlantic
Command |
Air Force | |
| 8 | Precision/Rapid
Counter-MRL |
III | 86.3m | US Forces Korea | Army | |
| 9 | Precision SIGINT
Targeting System |
I | 45.4m | US Forces Korea | Navy | |
| 10 | Rapid Force
Projection Initiative |
III | 567.8m | XVIIIth Airborne
Corps |
Army | |
| 11 | Synthetic Theater
of War |
I | 174.2m[lower-alpha 3] | US Atlantic
Command |
None | |
| *Class I = software development projects; class II = traditional platforms; class III = systems-of-systems
Abbreviations:
| ||||||
Fiscal year 1996
| Fiscal Year[1] | # | Title | Class* | Total Expected Cost
(1995–2003: mil, K) |
User/Sponsor | Lead Service or Agency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct. 1995
(FY 1996) |
1 | Air Base/Port
Biological Detection |
III | 19.7m | US Central
Command, US Pacific Command |
Army |
| 2 | Battlefield Awareness
and Data Dissemination |
I | 113.4m | US Atlantic
Command |
Defense Information
Systems Agency | |
| 3 | Combat Identification | II | 92.7m | US Atlantic
Command |
Army | |
| 4 | Combat Vehicle
Survivability |
II | 48.6m | III Corps | Army | |
| 5 | Counterproliferation I | III | 123.3m | US European
Command |
Air Force, Defense Special
Weapons Agency (DSWA) | |
| 6 | Counter Sniper | II | 1.0m | US Army
Infantry School |
Army | |
| 7 | Joint Logistics | I | 168.3m | US Atlantic
Command, US European Command |
Navy | |
| 8 | Miniature Air-launched
Decoy |
II | 45.0m | Air Combat
Command |
Air Force | |
| 9 | Navigation Warfare | II | 83.4m | US Atlantic
Command |
Air Force | |
| 10 | Semi-Automated
IMINT Processing |
I | 123.2m | US Atlantic
Command |
Army, Air Force, DARPA,
National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) | |
| 11 | Tactical High-Energy
Laser |
II | 117.1m[lower-alpha 4] | Israeli Ministry
of Defense |
Israel | |
| 12 | Tactical UAV program | II | 131.3m | Army, Navy,
Marine Corps |
Army | |
| *Class I = software development projects; class II = traditional platforms; class III = systems-of-systems
Abbreviations:
| ||||||
Fiscal year 1997
| Fiscal Year[1] | # | Title | Class* | Total Expected Cost
(1995–2003: mil, K) |
User/Sponsor | Lead Service or Agency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct. 1996
(FY 1997) |
1 | Chemical Add-On to
Air Base/Port Biological Detection |
III | 3.2m | US Central
Command, US Pacific Command |
Army |
| 2 | Consequence
Management |
II | 3.2m | Army, Marine
Corps |
Army, Marine Corps | |
| 3 | Counter-
proliferation II |
III | 303.0m | US European
Command |
Air Force, Navy | |
| 4 | Extending the Littoral
Battlespace |
III | 137.7m | US Pacific
Command |
Marine Corps | |
| 5 | Information
Operations Planning Tool |
I | 55.1m | US Central
Command |
Air Force | |
| 6 | Integrated Collection
Management |
I | 12.2m | US Atlantic
Command |
Defense Intelligence
Agency (DIA) | |
| 7 | Joint Advanced Health
and Usage Monitoring System |
II | 15.5m | n.a. | Navy | |
| 8 | Military Operations in
Urban Terrain |
III | 71.9m | US Special
Operations Command (USSOCOM) |
Army | |
| 9 | Rapid Terrain
Visualization |
II | 54.6m | XVIIIth Airborne
Corps |
Army | |
| *Class I = software development projects; class II = traditional platforms; class III = systems-of-systems
Abbreviations:
| ||||||
Fiscal year 1998
| Fiscal Year[1] | # | Title | Class* | Total Expected Cost
(1995–2003: mil, K) |
User/Sponsor | Lead Service or Agency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct. 1997
(FY 1998) |
1 | Adaptive Course of
Action |
I | 19.3m | US Atlantic
Command, US Pacific Command |
Defense Information
Systems Agency |
| 2 | C4I for Coalition
Warfare |
I | 20.0m | US European
Command |
Army | |
| 3 | High Power
Microwave |
II | 2.0m | US European
Command |
Army | |
| 4 | Information Assur-
ance: Automated Intrusion Detection Environment |
I | 75.1m | US Strategic
Command |
Defense Information
Systems Agency | |
| 5 | Joint Biological
Remote Early Warning System |
III | 125.7m | US European
Command |
Army | |
| 6 | Joint Continuous
Strike Environment |
I | 15.9m | US European
Command |
Defense Information
Systems Agency | |
| 7 | Joint Modular Lighter
System |
II | 26.5m | US Atlantic
Command |
Navy | |
| 8 | Line-of-Sight Anti-
tank |
II | 257.9m | US Central
Command |
Army | |
| 9 | Link 16 (tactical data
network for NATO) |
I | 3.3m | US Atlantic
Command |
Navy | |
| 10 | Migration Defense
Intelligence Threat Data System |
I | 11.4m | US European
Command |
Defense Intelligence
Agency (DIA) | |
| 11 | Precision Targeting
Identification |
II | 23.0m[lower-alpha 5] | JIATF East
(Joint Inter- agency Task Force East) |
Navy | |
| 12 | Space-Based
Space Surveillance Operations |
I | 21.5m | US Space
Command |
Air Force | |
| 13 | Theater Precision
Strike Operations |
I | 93.4m | US Forces Korea | Army | |
| 14 | Unattended Ground
Sensors |
II | 20.8m | US Central
Command, US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) |
Air Force | |
| *Class I = software development projects; class II = traditional platforms; class III = systems-of-systems
Abbreviations:
| ||||||
Although not represented in this section, additional ACTDs indeed followed those listed above (during FY 1999–2006).[2][4]
Congressional Budget Office assessments
Some of the Congressional Budget Office assessments, such as the CBO 1998 Memorandum,[1] reviewed the ACTD program's progress since its initiation in 1994 up until the 1998 assessment. The memorandum summarized the results as "From 1995 through 1998, DoD has spent $3.2 billion on 46 ACTDs. The $3.2 billion represents about 2 percent of DoD’s entire budget for research and development during that time." The memorandum provided some details about the 46 ACTDs as of 1998, and highlighted the Medium-Altitude Endurance UAV (the Predator drone) as on its then successes, having transitioned into a formal DOD Acquisition Program.
Outcomes
The following programs were completed under the Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration framework:
- Global Hawk[5]
- JSTOW ACTD as part of Joint Semi-Automated Forces
See also
- The Technical Cooperation Program (TTCP) – An international defense science and technology collaboration between Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States.
Notes
- ↑ FY07 ACTD planning had happened two years in advance, from candidacy in Dec. 2005 to Sept 2006 approval, in time for activation just before FY07 (i.e. Oct. 2006 to Sept 2007).
- ↑ Includes $5.2 million added from fiscal year 1996 funds, i.e. the next year.
- ↑ Excludes an additional $4.6 million to be provided by the United Kingdom.
- ↑ Excludes an additional $64.7 million to be provided by Israel.
- ↑ Excludes an additional $2.4 million to be provided by the United Kingdom.
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "The Department Of Defense's Advanced Concept Technology Demonstrations". Congressional Budget Office, Washington, DC. September 1998. https://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/105th-congress-1997-1998/reports/actd.pdf.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "OSD RDT&E Budget item justification (R2 Exhibit)". February 2008. pp. 1. https://apps.dtic.mil/descriptivesum/Y2009/OSD/0603648D8Z.pdf. "It is anticipated that all ongoing ACTDs will be complete by FY09."
- ↑ Peterson, Mark (18 April 2006). "Microsoft PowerPoint - Peterson NDIA ACTD Brief April 2006-Public.ppt". Director, Program Resources & Integration, Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), DDR&E/AS&C (Advanced Systems & Concepts). pp. 7, 9. https://ndia.dtic.mil/wp-content/uploads/2006/science/peterson.pdf. "JCTD First introduced in the FY 2006 President’s Budget"; "FY07 ACTD Candidates Submitted [in] Dec [2005] (__Note__): FY08 programs are referred to as ACTDs instead of JCTDs due to pending nature of the JCTD program, circa April 2006. Presumably once approved, it would have been updated to match. (__Editor Note__)"
- ↑ "[FY 1995 to FY 2009 Joint Capability Technology Demonstrations (JCTD) | JCTD website"]. July 2009. http://www.acq.osd.mil/jctd/descript.htm.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Drezner, Jeffrey A.; Leonard, Robert S. (January 2002). "Innovative Development: Global Hawk and DarkStar: Their Advanced Concept Technology Demonstrator Program Experience, Executive Summary". RAND. http://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1473.html. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
- ↑ Benney, Richard. "The Joint Precision Airdrop System Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration". American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. http://faculty.nps.edu/oayakime/ADSC/PATCAD%20-%20Benney%20-%20The%20Joint%20Precision%20Airdrop%20System%20Advanced%20Concept%20Technology%20Demonstration.pdf. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
Further reading
- "Army Science and Technology Master Plan: (section 1): Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD)". Federation of American Scientists. 21 March 1997. http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/army/docs/astmp/c1/P1E1.htm. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
- Haas, David J. (2000). "Joint Advanced Health and Usage Monitoring System (JAHUMS) Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD)". American Helicopter Society International. https://vtol.org/store/templates/product/createPreview.cfm. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
External links
- "Advanced Concept Technology Demonstrations (ACTD) Website". Defense Acquisitions University. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231029/https://acc.dau.mil/CommunityBrowser.aspx?id=37609&lang=en-US.
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