Engineering:Joint Strike Missile

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Short description: Norwegian/American air-launched cruise missile
Joint Strike Missile
Joint Strike Missile Mockup at JA2016.jpg
TypeAir-launched anti-ship or land attack cruise missile
Place of originNorway & United States
Production history
ManufacturerKongsberg Defence & Aerospace
Raytheon Missiles & Defense
Specifications
Mass416 kg (917 lb)
Length4 m (13 ft 1 in)
Width480 mm (1 ft 7 in) stowed
Height520 mm (1 ft 8 in)
WarheadBlast-fragmentation
Warhead weight120 kg (260 lb)
Detonation
mechanism
Time delay, impact
EngineWilliams International F‐415 small turbofan
Operational
range
  • 555 km (345 mi; 300 nmi) hi‐hi‐lo
  • >275 km (171 mi; 148 nmi)[1]
  • 185 km (115 mi; 100 nmi) lo‐lo‐lo
SpeedMach 0.9 ([convert: unknown unit]) estimated
Guidance
system
GPS, INS, TERCOM
AccuracyCEP 1 m (3 ft 3 in)
Launch
platform
F-35, F-16, F/A-18E/F, and F-15E
ReferencesJanes[2]

The Joint Strike Missile (JSM) is a multi-role, air-launched cruise missile under development by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace and American company Raytheon Missiles & Defense. The JSM is derived from the Naval Strike Missile.

Development

A development of the Naval Strike Missile (NSM), the Joint Strike Missile (JSM) will feature an option for ground strike and a two-way communications line, so that the missile can communicate with the central control room or other missiles in the air. This missile will be integrated with the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. Studies have shown that the F-35 would be able to carry two of these in its internal bays, while four additional missiles could be carried externally.

Lockheed Martin and Kongsberg signed a joint-marketing agreement for this air-launched version of the NSM, as well as an agreement committing both parties to integrating the JSM on the F-35 platform.[3][4] The project is funded by Norway and Australia.[5] Kongsberg signed a contract for the first phase of development of the JSM in April, 2009, which is scheduled for completion within 18 months.[6] The JSM will have multicore computers running Integrity real-time operating system from Green Hills Software.[7]

Improved features for the Joint Strike Missile include:

  • Larger warhead.[8]
  • Shape changed to fit in F-35 internal bay[9]
  • Ability to attack sea and land based targets
  • Aerial launch platform (F-35)
  • Improved range over NSM, estimates include 150 nmi (170 mi; 280 km)[9] to >100 nmi low-low or > 300 nmi (350 mi; 560 km) hi-low flight profiles[10]
  • Long-term, production start in 2023[11]

In November 2015, an F-16 Fighting Falcon successfully completed live-fire testing of the JSM at the Utah Test and Training Range.[12][13]

Other variants

Kongsberg were studying methods to deploy the JSM from Norway's submarines,[14] and found shaping the missile to fit into the F-35's confined bomb-bay also enabled it to fit in the Mark 41 Vertical Launching System. A VL-JSM could also compete with the Lockheed LRASM for the U.S. Navy's OASuW Increment 2 for a ship-launched anti-ship missile.[15]

On 15 July 2014, Kongsberg and Raytheon announced that they had formed a teaming agreement to offer the JSM to the United States Navy for their Offensive Anti-Surface Warfare (OASuW) requirement;[16] Raytheon would produce JSMs for the American market.[17] A teaming agreement is an interim agreement between partners which commits them to their roles during the development and marketing stage of a project. It would generally be transformed into a formal sub-contracting agreement once an order for delivery has been placed.[18]

The Navy plans to begin a competition for the OASuW requirement in 2017, which will likely pit the Kongsberg/Raytheon JSM against the Lockheed Martin AGM-158C LRASM.[19]

Operators

Future Operators

 Norway

The Royal Norwegian Air Force ordered JSM to their fleet of F-35 fighters in October 2021. Expected delivery to be in 2023.[20][21] Integration of the JSM with the F-35, and testing in the United States is facilitated by Lone Star Analysis, under long term contract with the Norwegian Ministry of Defense.[22]

 Japan

In March 2019, Kongsberg was awarded a contract to supply the Japan Air Self-Defense Force with initial deliveries of the joint strike missile.[23] The missiles are expected to arrive in April 2021.[24]

 Finland

In December 2021, the Finnish Air Force selected F-35 as their future fighter jet, and have selected JSM among other weaponry.[25]

 United States

In the Department of Defense's FY 2024 budget request, the United States Air Force intends to procure 268 JSMs over a five year period with the initial order of 48 missiles for FY2024.[26][27]

Potential operators

 Australia

Australia expressed interest in buying the JSM in June 2014 to equip their F-35 fighters. The 2023 Defence Strategic Review, recommended the Joint Strike Missile be integrated into Australia's F-35A's.[28][29] The missile has also been pitched to South Korea and Japan, and Kongsberg is expected to attempt to make sales to other countries that have ordered the F-35A. The JSM is expected to become fully operational in 2025.[30] Development is aimed to be completed in 2017 and achievement of initial operational capability (IOC) is expected in 2021 with the release of the F-35's Block 4 software. Fit checks have been performed on the external hardpoints of all F-35 variants, and internally on the F-35A and C-models. Countries that operate other aircraft have expressed interest in the JSM, and fit checks have also been performed on the F-15E Strike Eagle and F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, but integration on other platforms will not be conducted without a confirmed customer.[31]

On 15 September 2015 the Australian government signed an agreement to finance the development of a passive radio frequency seeker to complement the existing infrared target seeker.[32]

The 2023 Australian Defence Strategic Review (DSR) recommended that the Royal Australian Air Force acquire JSM for its F-35As and F/A-18F Super Hornets. The Albanese government agreed "in principle" to the recommendation.[33]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "NSM-JSM Missiles". 4 May 2023. https://www.kongsberg.com/globalassets/kongsberg-defence--aerospace/2.-what-we-do/1.3-defence--security/missile-systems/2023-05-04_brosjyre_missiles_digital.pdf. 
  2. ↑ Janes (21 November 2022), Joint Strike Missile (JSM), Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Group UK Limited., https://customer.janes.com/Janes/Display/JALW3691-JALW, retrieved 26 December 2022 
  3. ↑ "Sign joint marketing agreement". 31 January 2007. http://www.kongsberg.com/eng/kda/news/default.asp?id=33279. 
  4. ↑ "Important cooperative agreement with Lockheed Martin". 9 June 2009. http://www.kongsberg.com/en/kog/news/2009/june/0906jsmandlockheedmartin/. 
  5. ↑ Norway pushes naval strike missile for JSF – Jane's Defence Weekly, 20 July 2005
  6. ↑ "Development contract for the Joint Strike Missile valued at MNOK 166". 27 April 2009. https://www.kongsberg.com/kda/news/news-archive/2009/development-contract-for-the-joint-strike-missile-valued-at-mnok-166/. 
  7. ↑ "Kongsberg selects Integrity for missile programme". http://www.electronicstalk.com/news/gre/gre289.html. 
  8. ↑ Trevithick, Joseph (May 31, 2018). "It's Official, The Navy's Next Anti-Ship Cruise Missile Will Be The Naval Strike Missile". https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/21233/its-official-the-navys-next-anti-ship-cruise-missile-will-be-the-naval-strike-missile. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Perry, Dominic (30 November 2012). "Norway pushes for further assurances over JSM integration on F-35". Flight Global. http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/norway-pushes-for-further-assurances-over-jsm-integration-on-f-35-379651/. 
  10. ↑ "Naval and Joint Strike Missiles Update Precision Strike Annual Review (PSAR-14)". Kongsberg. http://docplayer.net/30928877-Kongsberg-naval-and-joint-strike-missiles-update-precision-strike-annual-review-psar-14.html. 
  11. ↑ Haraldsen, Ove Ronny (September 2022). "Supplying security for more than 200 years". Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace. https://www.kongsberg.com/kmagazine/2022/9/supplying-security-for-more-than-200-years/. 
  12. ↑ Gady, Franz-Stefan (13 November 2015). "F-35's Joint Strike Missile Successfully Completes Flight Test in US". The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2015/11/f-35s-joint-strike-missile-successfully-completes-flight-test-in-us/. 
  13. ↑ Seligman, Lara (11 November 2015). "F-35’s Joint Strike Missile Completes Flight Test". https://www.defensenews.com/pentagon/2015/11/11/f-35s-joint-strike-missile-completes-flight-test/. 
  14. ↑ Scott, Richard (24 January 2013). "Kongsberg studies JSM for submarine launch". http://www.janes.com/products/janes/defence-security-report.aspx?ID=1065975498. 
  15. ↑ "New Details on the Kongsberg Vertical Launch Joint Strike Missile (VL JSM)". 14 January 2015. http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/focus-analysis/naval-technology/2328-exclusive-new-details-on-the-kongsberg-vertical-launch-joint-strike-missile-vl-jsm.html. 
  16. ↑ "Raytheon and Kongsberg team to provide air-launched Offensive Anti-Surface Warfare solutions". 15 July 2014. https://www.kongsberg.com/newsandmedia/news-archive/2014/raytheon-and-kongsberg-team-to-provide-air-launched-offensive-anti-surface/. 
  17. ↑ Chuter, Andrew (15 July 2014). "Raytheon To Produce US Variant of Kongsberg's JSM". http://www.defensenews.com/article/20140715/SHOWSCOUT15/307150021/Raytheon-Produce-US-Variant-Kongsberg-s-JSM. 
  18. ↑ Valof, Joseph. "Anatomy of A Government Team Agreement". http://nanosft.com/igc/gta.html. 
  19. ↑ Arming New Platforms Will Push Up Value Of Missiles Market – Aviationweek.com, 5 January 2015
  20. ↑ "Historic Missile Contract Signed with Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace". English translation included below Norwegian section. https://www.fma.no/aktuelt-og-media/2020/historisk-missilkontrakt-inngatt-med-kongsberg. 
  21. ↑ "Flexibility on the Fly: Joint Strike Missile Has Abilities That Give Pilots the Upper Hand". 1 March 2020. https://breakingdefense.com/2020/03/flexibility-on-the-fly-joint-strike-missile-has-abilities-that-give-pilots-the-upper-hand/. 
  22. ↑ King, Rita (2019-01-29). "Lone Star Analysis Secures High-Value Contract with Norwegian Ministry of Defence" (in en-US). https://www.lone-star.com/2019/01/29/norwegian-ministry-of-defence-jsm-contract/. 
  23. ↑ Dominguez, Gabriel; Takahashi, Kosuke (12 March 2019). "Kongsberg awarded contract to supply JSMs for Japanese F-35s". https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/kongsberg-awarded-contract-to-supply-jsms-for-japanese-f-35s. 
  24. ↑ Takahashi, Kosuke (9 September 2020). "Japan to begin receiving Joint Strike Missiles from April 2021". https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/japan-to-begin-receiving-joint-strike-missiles-from-april-2021. 
  25. ↑ Pittaway, Nigel (15 December 2011). "Joint Strike Missile gains third customer". https://www.australiandefence.com.au/news/joint-strike-missile-gains-third-customer. 
  26. ↑ Mesch, Shelley K. (16 March 2023). "Air Force to procure 268 Joint Strike Missiles over five years". https://insidedefense.com/insider/air-force-procure-268-joint-strike-missiles-over-five-years. 
  27. ↑ Trevithick, Joseph (13 March 2023). "Hundreds of Aircraft Headed to the Boneyard in New USAF Budget". https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/hundreds-of-aircraft-headed-to-the-boneyard-in-new-usaf-budget. 
  28. ↑ "National Defence: Defence Strategic Review 2023". Australian Government. pp. 61. https://www.defence.gov.au/about/reviews-inquiries/defence-strategic-review. 
  29. ↑ "National Defence: Defence Strategic Review 2023". p. 61. https://www.theaustralian.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/NationalDefence-DefenceStrategicReview.pdf. 
  30. ↑ Clark, Colin (16 July 2014). "Norway’s Joint Strike Missile Tempts Aussies; Raytheon Likes It Too". https://breakingdefense.com/2014/07/norway-joint-strike-missile/. 
  31. ↑ Perry, Dominicc (25 September 2014). "Kongsberg plans JSM flight tests in 2015". https://www.flightglobal.com/kongsberg-plans-jsm-flight-tests-in-2015/114600.article. 
  32. ↑ "Australia to Finance the Development of a New Seeker for Kongsberg's Joint Strike Missile". 28 September 2015. http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3123. 
  33. ↑ Blenkin, Max (2023-05-01). "Defence review puts Air Force in stealth mode" (in en-US). https://www.themandarin.com.au/218613-air-force-stealth-mode-defence-strategic-review/. 

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