Engineering:Latécoère 298
| Latécoère 298 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Role | Torpedo-bomber seaplane |
| Manufacturer | Latécoère, Breguet |
| First flight | 6 May 1936 |
| Introduction | 28 October 1938 |
| Retired | 1951 |
| Status | Retired |
| Primary users | French Navy Luftwaffe |
| Number built | 121 |
The Latécoère 298 (sometimes abridged to Laté 298) was a French seaplane that served during World War II. It was designed primarily as a torpedo bomber, but served also as a dive bomber against land and naval targets, and as a maritime reconnaissance aircraft. Of a sturdy and reliable construction and possessing good manoeuvrability, it was France's most successful military seaplane, and served throughout the war in various guises.
Development
The design originated in a French Navy requirement for a torpedo bomber to replace the unsuccessful Laté 29 that had just entered service. The prototype Laté 298, as it came to be known, was completed at Latécoère's Toulouse plant in 1936 and first flew on 6 May 1936.
It was designed as a single-engined, mid-wing cantilever monoplane, powered by an 880 hp Hispano-Suiza 12Y twelve-cylinder liquid-cooled engine. Two exceptionally large floats were attached to the fuselage by struts, each one containing a fuel tank.
A ventral crutch served to accommodate different payloads, depending on the mission. It could carry one Type 1926 DA torpedo, two 150 kg bombs or depth charges. Additional armament consisted of three 7.5 mm Darne machine guns, two fixed forward firing and one rear-firing on a flexible mount.
Operational history
The first Laté 298s entered service in October 1938 with the Escadrilles (squadrons) of the Aéronautique Navale, the French Navy air force. Some were based in naval bases, and others on the seaplane tender Commandant Teste. At the outbreak of the war four squadrons flew with this aircraft, and by May 1940, when the German offensive in the west began, 81 aircraft equipped six squadrons.
The Laté 298s first saw action during the Battle of France in 1940. They were used at first for maritime patrol and anti-submarine duties, but did not meet any German ships. Later, as the Wehrmacht drove through France, they were used to harass and interdict armoured columns. Despite not having been designed for this role, they suffered fewer losses than units equipped with other types.
After the armistice of June 1940, the French Navy under the Vichy regime was allowed to retain some Laté 298 units, and captured aircraft were used by the Luftwaffe.
After Operation Torch, French units in Africa sided with the Allies. In this guise, the Laté 298 was used for Coastal Command missions in North Africa, in cooperation with Royal Air Force Wellingtons.
The Laté 298's final combat missions were flown during the liberation of France, where they were used to attack German shipping operating from strongholds on the Atlantic coast.
The last Laté 298s were retired from active service in 1946, but continued to serve as trainers until 1950.
No Laté 298 aircraft survived after 1950.
Variants
All variants powered by a single Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs-1 engine.
- Laté 298A: First production variant.
- Laté 298B: Variant with folding wings for use on seaplane carriers; observation post added; crew of four.
- Laté 298D: Similar to 298B without the folding wings.
- Laté 298E: Observation variant with the fixed weapons replaced by an observer's gondola; one prototype built.
- Laté 299: A land-based three-seat reconnaissance-torpedo bomber derived from the Late 298, powered by a 920 hp Hispano-Suiza 12Y-43, first flight on 7 July 1939, (two prototypes built).
Operators
France
- French Navy
Germany
- Luftwaffe
Specifications (Laté 298D)
Data from aviafrance [1]
General characteristics
- Crew: 3
- Length: 12.56 m (41 ft 2 in)
- Wingspan: 15.5 m (50 ft 10 in)
- Height: 5.25 m (17 ft 3 in)
- Wing area: 31.6 m2 (340 sq ft)
- Airfoil: Clark CYH[2]
- Empty weight: 3,085 kg (6,801 lb)
- Gross weight: 4,533 kg (9,994 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs-1 V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine, 660 kW (880 hp)
- Propellers: 3-bladed variable-pitch propeller
Performance
- Maximum speed: 295 km/h (183 mph, 159 kn) at 2,500 m (8,200 ft)
- Range: 1,000 km (620 mi, 540 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 5,500 m (18,000 ft) [3]
- Time to altitude: 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in 6 minutes 33 seconds
Armament
- Guns: 3x 7.5 mm Darne machine guns
- Bombs: 680 kg (1,499 lb) bombs / torpedo
See also
Related lists
References
- ↑ Parmentier, Bruno. "Latécoère 298D" (in fr). https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=5550&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=795&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF=.
- ↑ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html.
- ↑ Angelucci, Enzo (1983). The Rand McNally encyclopedia of military aircraft, 1914-1980. San Diego, California: The Military Press. p. 257. ISBN 0-517-41021-4.
Further reading
- Cony, Christophe (January 2002). "L'étonnant Latécoère 299A" (in fr). Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire (106): 27–29. ISSN 1243-8650.
- Cortet, Pierre (February 2002). "Courrier des Lecteurs" (in fr). Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire (107): 2–3. ISSN 1243-8650.
- Cuny, Jean (1992) (in fr). Latécoère – Les Avions et Hydravions. Paris: Docavia/Editions Lariviere. ISBN 978-2-907051-01-9.
- Green, William (1962). War Planes of the Second World War. v. 6.. London: Macdonald & Co. ISBN 0-356-01450-9.
External links
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