Engineering:Panchayatana (temple)

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Example with the plan of the Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho with the subsidiary sanctuaries : see numbers 9.
Short description: Layout in Hindu temple architecture

Hindu temples are built in the panchayatana (Sanskrit: पञ्चायतन, romanized: pañcāyatana) layout: the main shrine is surrounded by four subsidiary shrines.[1][2] The origin of the name are the Sanskrit words pancha (five) and ayatana (containing), referring to a "five-shrined" layout.[3][4]

Generally, Hindu temples are built along a west-east axis. The four subsidiary shrines are located at the north-east, south-east, south-west, and the north-west.

Examples of Panchayatana temples

  • Kandariya Mahadeva Temple in Khajuraho
  • Brahmeswara Temple in Bhubaneswar
  • Jagdish Temple in Udaipur
  • Lakshmana Temple in Khajuraho
  • Lingaraja Temple in Bhubaneswar
  • Arasavalli Temple near Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh near Visakhapatnam. Main shrine dedicated to Aditya. Subsidiary shrines dedicated to Ganesh, Shiva, Parvati and Vishnu.[5]
  • Dashavatara Temple in Deogarh, Uttar Pradesh. It should be the oldest panchayatana temple in India.
  • Nabaratna Temple in Pantchupi
  • Shiva Panchayatana Temple in Tumbadi, Tumkur district. Subsidiary shrines dedicated to Lakshmi Narasimha, Vinayaka, Parvati and Surya.
  • Gondeshvara temple, in Sinnar, Maharashtra[6]
  • Panchayatan temple at Dronasagar, Kashipur, Uttarakhand is an archeological site, from 6th century AD.
  • Rinmukteshwar Panchdevalaya, Ena situated in Ena Village of Surat district in Gujarat State.

References

  1. ↑ "Khajuraho, India | World Heritage Site". The-world-heritage-sites.com. 1986-11-28. http://www.the-world-heritage-sites.com/khajuraho.htm. Retrieved 2012-10-11. 
  2. ↑ Tadgell, Christopher (2015-10-23) (in en). The East: Buddhists, Hindus and the Sons of Heaven. Routledge. pp. 889. ISBN 978-1-136-75384-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=DaTbCgAAQBAJ&dq=panchayatana+five&pg=PA889. 
  3. ↑ Asher, Frederick M. (2020-02-11) (in en). Sarnath: A Critical History of the Place Where Buddhism Began. Getty Publications. pp. 59. ISBN 978-1-60606-638-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=ecbPDwAAQBAJ&dq=panchayatana+five+shrines+temples&pg=PA59. 
  4. ↑ Dalal, Roshen (2014-04-18) (in en). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin UK. pp. 906. ISBN 978-81-8475-396-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=87k0AwAAQBAJ&dq=panchayatana+five+shrine&pg=PT906. 
  5. ↑ "Suryanarayana Temple at Arasavalli". Templenet.com. http://templenet.com/Andhra/arasavalli.html. Retrieved 2012-10-11. 
  6. ↑ "Archived copy". http://www.msc-sahc.org/upload/docs/new.docs/2008_SVardia.pdf. 




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