Engineering:Paparazzi Project

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Short description: Open-source hardware and software for autopiloting aircraft

Paparazzi is an open-source autopilot system oriented toward inexpensive autonomous aircraft.[1] Low cost and availability enable hobbyist use in small remotely piloted aircraft.[2] The project began in 2003,[1] and is being further developed and used at École nationale de l'aviation civile (ENAC),[3] a French civil aeronautics academy. Several vendors are currently producing Paparazzi autopilots and accessories.

Overview

An autopilot allows a remotely piloted aircraft to be flown out of sight.[1] All hardware and software is open-source and freely available to anyone under the GNU licensing agreement. Open Source autopilots provide flexible software: users can easily modify the autopilot based on their own special requirements, such as forest fire evaluation.[4][5] Paparazzi collaborators share ideas and information using the same MediaWiki software that is used by Wikipedia.[6]

Paparazzi accepts commands and sensor data, and adjusts flight controls accordingly. For example, a command might be to climb at a certain rate, and paparazzi will adjust power and/or control surfaces. As of 2010 paparazzi did not have a good speed hold and changing function, because no air speed sensor reading is considered by the controller.[5]

Delft University of Technology released its Lisa/S chip project in 2013 which is based on Paparazzi.[7]

Mechanisms

Hardware

Paparazzi supports for multiple hardware designs, including STM32 and LPC2100 series microcontrollers. A number of CAD files have been released.

Paparazzi provides for a minimum set of flight sensors:[8]

  • Attitude (orientation about center of mass) estimation is done with a set of infrared thermopiles.
  • Position and altitude are obtained from a standard GPS receiver.
  • Roll rate measurement may be input from an optional gyroscope.
  • Acceleration from optional inertial sensors.
  • Direction from optional magnetic sensors.

Software

The open-source software suite "contains everything" to let "airborne system fly reliably".[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Murat Bronz; Jean Marc Moschetta; Pascal Brisset; Michel Gorraz (December 2009). Mark Reeder. ed. "Towards a Long Endurance MAV". International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles 1 (4): 244–245. doi:10.1260/175682909790291483. ISSN 1756-8293. http://www.recherche.enac.fr/LOTA/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=03-bronz_moschetta_ijmav.pdf. Retrieved March 15, 2012. 
  2. ↑ "Getting Started With Paparazzi". DYI DRONES. 31 October 2008. http://diydrones.com/profiles/blogs/getting-started-with-paparazzi. Retrieved September 8, 2016. 
  3. ↑ Allan Henrikki Ojala (2010) (pdf), Installing Paparazzi Autopilot into a Model Airplane, University of Applied Sciences Finland, http://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/13387/thesis_final.pdf?sequence=1 
  4. ↑ Drones 101: Open Source Autopilot. Hak5.org. Archived from the original on 2017-05-01. Retrieved 2014-06-05.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 HaiYang Chao; YongCan Cao; YangQuan Chen (August 2010). Jae-Bok Song. ed. "Autopilots for Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Survey" (pdf). International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 8 (1): 36–44. doi:10.1007/s12555-010-0105-z. ISSN 2005-4092. https://www.academia.edu/4656287. Retrieved September 8, 2016. 
  6. ↑ "Welcome To Paparazzi". Paparazzi.enac.fr. http://paparazzi.enac.fr/wiki/Main_Page. 
  7. ↑ Finley, Klint (August 28, 2013), "World's smallest drone autopilot system goes open source", Wired (wired.com), https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2013/08/drone-autopilot/ 
  8. ↑ "The Paparazzi Solution". Paparazzi.enac.fr. Archived from the original on June 24, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20130624130619/http://paparazzi.enac.fr/papers_2006/mav06_paparazzi.pdf. 
  9. ↑ "Paparazzi Software". Paparazzi.enac.fr. 7 October 2011. http://paparazzi.enac.fr/wiki/Software. 



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