Engineering:Rolls-Royce Trent 500

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Short description: 1990s British turbofan aircraft engine

Trent 500
A Trent 500 turbofan mounted on an Airbus A340-600 of Lufthansa.
Type Turbofan
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer Rolls-Royce
First run May 1999
Major applications Airbus A340-500/600
Produced 2001–2012
Developed from Trent 700 fan, Trent 800 core
Developed into Trent 900

The Rolls-Royce Trent 500 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce to power the larger A340-500/600 variants. It was selected in June 1997,[1] first ran in May 1999,[2] first flew in June 2000, and achieved certification on 15 December 2000.[3] It entered service in July 2002 and 524 engines were delivered on-wing until the A340 production ended in 2012.

Keeping the three spool architecture of the Trent family, it has the Trent 700's 2.47 m (97.5 in) fan and a Trent 800 core scaled down.[4] It produces up to 275 kN (62,000 lbf) of thrust at take-off and has a bypass ratio up to 8.5:1 in cruise.[3]

Development

In 1995, Airbus began considering an engine for two new long-range derivatives of its four-engined A340, the A340-500/600. The existing A340-200/300 was powered by CFM International CFM56 engines. However, the CFM56 was at the limit of its development capability, and would be unable to power the new A340-500/-600. In April 1996, Airbus signed an agreement with GE Aviation to develop a suitable engine, but decided not to proceed when GE demanded an exclusivity deal on the A340.[5][1]

Certification was applied for on 9 February 1998,[3] and first ran in May 1999.[2] By July 1999, Rolls-Royce had secured $5 billion worth of Trent 500 orders.[6] Flight testing began in late June 2000 on a modified A340 testbed. By July 2000, the test program had amassed 1,750h and 2,00 cycles, and aimed for 15,000h and 4,000-5,000 cycles before introduction.[4] It achieved certification on 15 December 2000.[3]

The Trent 500 entered service on the A340-600 with Virgin Atlantic in July 2002 and on the ultra-long range A340-500 with Emirates in December 2003. Air Canada had been expected to be the launch customer for the A340-500 in May 2003, but just before this on 1 April 2003 the airline filed for bankruptcy protection which resulted in delivery of its two A340-500s being delayed. This allowed Emirates to be the first airline to operate the type. After production of the Airbus A340 ended in 2011, a total of 131 A340-500/-600 have been delivered with 524 Trent 500 engines altogether; Lufthansa is the largest operator, with 24 delivered A340-600.[7]

Design

The Trent 500 is a high bypass turbofan with three spools: the fan is powered by a 5 stage Low Pressure turbine (nominal speed: 3,900 RPM), the Intermediate pressure spool has an 8-stage axial compressor (9,100 RPM) and the High Pressure spool has an 6-stage axial compressor (13,300 RPM), both driven by a single turbine stage. It has an annular combustor and is equipped with an Electronic Engine Control System.[3]

It is flat rated at ISA + 15°C for 248.1–275.3 kN (55,800–61,900 lbf) net thrust at take-off and has an 8.5:1 bypass ratio in cruise.[3]

The Trent 500 is essentially a scaled Trent 800, with a 2.47 m (97 in) fan with 26 unswept blades like the Trent 700. The IP and HP compressors and scaled-down by 20% from the Trent 892, while the turbines are scaled-down by 90% and are made of single crystal CMSX-4 alloy with thermal barrier coatings. Fuel burn is 1% lower because of 3D aerodynamics. It was tested up to 68,000 lbf (300 kN) to establish limits.[4]

The Trent 500 powers the A340-500/600.[8] It was certificated at 60,000 lbf (270 kN) thrust, but derated to 53,000 lbf (240 kN) as the Trent 553 to power the A340-500, and to 56,000 lbf (250 kN) as the Trent 556 for the A340-600 and A340-500HGW. However, a 60,000 lbf (270 kN) version is installed in the A340-600HGW (High Gross Weight), a higher-performance version of the A340-600. The Trent 500 has the same wide chord fan as the Trent 700, together with a core scaled from the Trent 800.

Applications

Specifications

Trent 500 engines on the left wing of an Iberia A340-600

Data from EASA[3]

General characteristics

  • Type: Three-shaft high bypass turbofan
  • Length: 468.9 cm (184.6 in)
  • Diameter: 247 cm (97 in)[9]
  • Dry weight: 4,990 kg (11,000 lb)

Components

  • Compressor: Single-stage fan, eight-stage intermediate pressure compressor, six-stage high pressure compressor
  • Combustors: Tiled annular with 20 fuel injectors
  • Turbine: Single-stage high pressure turbine, single-stage intermediate pressure turbine, five-stage low pressure turbine

Performance

Type designators

Rolls Royce RB211 Trent 500 variants[3]
Variant Certification Max T/O Max Cont.
RB211 Trent 553-61 9 February 1998 248.1 kN (55,775 lbf) 197.3 kN (44,355 lbf)
RB211 Trent 553A2-61 21 April 2002 248.1 kN (55,775 lbf) 197.3 kN (44,355 lbf)
RB211 Trent 556-61 9 February 1998 260 kN (58,450 lbf) 197.3 kN (44,355 lbf)
RB211 Trent 556A2-61 21 April 2002 260 kN (58,450 lbf) 197.3 kN (44,355 lbf)
RB211 Trent 560A2-61 21 April 2002 275.3 kN (61,890 lbf) 197.3 kN (44,355 lbf)

See also

Related development

Comparable engines

Related lists

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Airbus A340-600" (in English, German). 21 March 2000. http://www.flug-revue.rotor.com/frtypen/FRA34060.htm. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 G E Kirk (19 August 2003). "The Design of The Rolls-Royce Trent 500 Aero Engine". International Conference on Engineering Design. https://www.designsociety.org/download-publication/24217/the_design_of_the_. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 "Type-Certificate Data Sheet E.060 for RB211 Trent 500 Series Engines". EASA. 21 February 2019. https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/EASA%20E%20060%20TCDS%20issue%2004.pdf. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Trent 500 Shapes Up". 25 July 2000. http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2000/2000-1%20-%200430.html. 
  5. ↑ "Airbus Shoots for 25". Aviation Week & Space Technology. 21 July 1997. http://aviationweek.com/awin/airbus-shoots-25. 
  6. ↑ Michael Harrison (8 July 1999). "Blow to Rolls as Boeing picks US rival". The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/blow-to-rolls-as-boeing-picks-us-rival-1105032.html. 
  7. ↑ "Airbus Orders & deliveries" (Excel). Airbus. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140714123234/http://www.airbus.com/company/market/orders-deliveries/?eID=dam_frontend_push&docID=39444. Retrieved 12 July 2014. 
  8. ↑ "Civil Aerospace" (PDF) (Press release). Rolls-Royce. February 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 October 2007. Retrieved 5 December 2008.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Trent 500". Rolls-Royce plc. 2009. http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/brochure_Trent500_tcm92-5737.pdf. 
  10. ↑ "Trent 500 infographic". Rolls-Royce plc. 2014. http://www.rolls-royce.com/site-services/images/trent-500-infographic.aspx. 
  11. ↑ "Gas Turbine Engines". Aviation Week & Space Technology: pp. 137–138. 28 January 2008. http://www.geocities.jp/nomonomo2007/AircraftDatabase/AWdata/AviationWeekPages/GTEnginesAWJan2008.pdf. 

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