Engineering:Type 022 missile boat

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Short description: Ship class in the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy
Drawing of Chinese Fast Attack Craft 2208 - Type-022 Houbei-Class
Class overview
NameType 022
BuildersHudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding, Shanghai
Operators People's Liberation Army Navy
Preceded by
  • Komar-class missile boat[1]
  • Type 021 missile boat[1]
CostEstimates vary from $14.5 million[2] over $40 million[3] up to $50 million per boat[4]
Built2004–2009
In commission2004–present
Completed60[5]
Active60 (approx.)[6]
__1B0X_5H1P__class overview
General characteristics
Displacement224 long tons (228 t) full load[7]
Length42.6 m (139 ft 9 in)[7]
Beam12.2 m (40 ft 0 in)[7]
Draught1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)[7]
Decks1
Propulsion
  • 2 x diesel engines generating 6,865 hp (5,119 kW)[7]
  • 4 x Kamewae waterjet propulsors[7]
Speed40 knots (74 km/h; 46 mph)[7]
Complement12[7]
Sensors &
processing systems
  • Type 348 (LR66) surface search radar[7]
  • Navigation radar (I band)[7]
  • Optronic director[7]
Armament
__1B0X_5H1P__characteristics

The Type 022 (NATO designation: Houbei class) is a class of Chinese catamaran missile boat. It entered service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) in 2004.

It is sometimes called the "Type 22".[8]

Development

In the 1980s, Chinese naval strategy shifted from coastal to offshore operations ("near-seas active defense"). By the late-1990s, the PLAN wanted fast attack craft with greater range and seakeeping. The Type 022 was likely a response to the requirement. In the early-2000s, China made an abortive attempt to purchase Tarantul-class corvettes from Russia.[1]

The Type 022 is based on AMD Marine Consulting's AMD 350 catamaran hull and developed further by Seabus International in Guangzhou; Seabus was a joint venture between AMD and China State Shipbuilding Corporation's Guangzhou Marine Engineering Corporation.[9][10]

The prototype launched from Qiuxin Shipyard in Shanghai in April 2004. Production occurred from at least six shipyards[7] before ending in 2009.[5]

In October 2025, Janes reported that Indonesia planned to acquire the Type 022.[11]

Design

Type 022s in disruptive camouflage.

The Type 022 has a wave-piercing catamaran hull[9][10] made of aluminium.[9][12] The hull is reportedly manufactured using friction stir welding.[13] Radar cross section-reduction features are incorporated,[14][7] including a stealthy turret for the AK-630.[10]

The boat only has line of sight sensors. Longer-range fire in coordination with other units is enabled by tactical data links.[14][15]

According to a 2014 report from the U.S. Naval War College's China Maritime Studies Institute, the boat's speed and aluminium hull makes it difficult to attack with torpedoes with magnetic detonators.[16]

Later boats received a FLS-1 launcher on bridge for QW man-portable surface-to-air missile.[10]

Operational history

Type 022s in the PLAN typically deploy in squadrons of eight.[17] During exercises, they have fired coordinated missile salvoes using third-party targeting data. Their missions may include coastal defense, ISR, and supporting offensive operations outside territorial waters.[15]

In December 2025 it was reported that two Type 022s were modified by replacing their missile bins with a larger box-like structure.[18]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Patch 2014, p. 2.
  2. ↑ "Information Dissemination: Janes Discusses Chinese Streetfighter". informationdissemination.net. http://www.informationdissemination.net/2009/08/janes-discusses-chinese-streetfighter.html. 
  3. ↑ Axe, David (August 4, 2011). "China Builds Fleet of Small Warships While U.S. Drifts". Wired.com. https://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/08/china-builds-warships/2/. 
  4. ↑ "China's Project 022 Fast Attack Craft". defencetalk.com. http://www.defencetalk.com/china-type-022-fast-attack-craft-31589. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 O'Rourke, Ronald (5 October 2023). China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress (Report). 272. Congressional Research Service. p. 7. RL33153. https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/RL/PDF/RL33153/RL33153.272.pdf. Retrieved 11 December 2025. 
  6. ↑ The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2025, p. 243.
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 Saunders 2015, p. 151.
  8. ↑ "HJB 394-2007 22型导弹快艇规范". 国家标准行业标准信息服务网. 2007-04-30. http://www.zbgb.org/101/StandardDetail1100960.htm. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Lague, David (2012-06-01). "Insight - From a ferry, a Chinese fast-attack boat" (in en-GB). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/world/uk/insight-from-a-ferry-a-chinese-fast-attack-boat-idUSBRE84U1HK/. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Bussert, James C. (1 December 2007). "Catamarans Glide Through Chinese Waters". AFCEA. https://www.afcea.org/signal-media/west-22/catamarans-glide-through-chinese-waters. 
  11. ↑ Rahmat, Ridzwan (16 October 2025). "Indonesia seeks foreign loans for J-10 fighters, naval systems". https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/sea/indonesia-seeks-foreign-loans-for-j-10-fighters-naval-systems. 
  12. ↑ Patch 2014, p. 10.
  13. ↑ Delany, Fred; Kallee, Stephan W.; Russell, Mike J. (2007). "Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Ships". https://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/published-papers/friction-stir-welding-of-aluminium-ships-june-2007. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Patch 2014, p. 4.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Patch 2014, p. 7.
  16. ↑ Murray 2014, p. 29.
  17. ↑ Sutton, H. I. (27 September 2021). "This is What a Chinese Stealth Warship Looks Like on Radar". https://news.usni.org/2021/09/27/this-is-what-a-chinese-stealth-warship-looks-like-on-radar. 
  18. ↑ "Chinese Navy (PLAN) Has Modified Two Type-022 FAC For Special Purpose". 18 December 2025. https://www.hisutton.com/Chinese-Type-022-Mod.html. 

Sources

  • International Institute for Strategic Studies (2025). The Military Balance 2025. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-041-04967-8. 
  • Murray, William S. (2014). "Underwater TELs and China's Antisubmarine Warfare". China's Near Seas Combat Capabilities. CMSI Red Book. 11. China Maritime Studies Institute. ISBN 978-1-935352-16-7. 
  • Patch, John (2014). "Chinese Houbei Fast Attack Craft". China's Near Seas Combat Capabilities. CMSI Red Book. 11. China Maritime Studies Institute. ISBN 978-1-935352-16-7. 
  • Walton, Timothy A.; McGrath, Bryan (2014). "China's Surface Fleet Trajectory". China's Near Seas Combat Capabilities. CMSI Red Book. 11. China Maritime Studies Institute. ISBN 978-1-935352-16-7. 
  • Saunders, Stephan, ed (2015). Jane's Fighting Ships 2015-2016. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0710631435. 

Template:Ship classes of the Chinese Navy



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