Fermat quintic threefold

Two-dimensional cross-section of the Fermat quintic threefold

In mathematics, a Fermat quintic threefold is a special quintic threefold, in other words a degree 5, dimension 3 hypersurface in 4-dimensional complex projective space, given by the equation

$V^5+W^5+X^5+Y^5+Z^5=0$.

This threefold, so named after Pierre de Fermat, is a Calabi–Yau manifold.

The Hodge diamond of a non-singular quintic 3-fold is

Rational curves

Herbert Clemens (1984) conjectured that the number of rational curves of a given degree on a generic quintic threefold is finite. The Fermat quintic threefold is not generic in this sense, and Alberto Albano and Sheldon Katz (1991) showed that its lines are contained in 50 1-dimensional families of the form

$(x:-\zeta x:ay:by:cy)$

for ${\zeta }^5=1$ and $a^5+b^5+c^5=0$. There are 375 lines in more than one family, of the form

$(x:-\zeta x:y:-\eta y:0)$

for fifth roots of unity $\zeta$ and $\eta$.

References

• Albano, Alberto; Katz, Sheldon (1991), "Lines on the Fermat quintic threefold and the infinitesimal generalized Hodge conjecture", Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 324 (1): 353–368, doi:10.2307/2001512, ISSN 0002-9947 
• Clemens, Herbert (1984), "Some results about Abel-Jacobi mappings", Topics in transcendental algebraic geometry (Princeton, N.J., 1981/1982), Annals of Mathematics Studies, 106, Princeton University Press, pp. 289–304 
• Cox, David A.; Katz, Sheldon (1999), Mirror symmetry and algebraic geometry, Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, 68, Providence, R.I.: American Mathematical Society, ISBN 978-0-8218-1059-0, https://www.ams.org/bookstore-getitem/item=surv-68.s