List of impossible puzzles

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This is a list of puzzles that cannot be solved. An impossible puzzle is a puzzle that cannot be resolved, either due to lack of sufficient information, or any number of logical impossibilities.

  • 15 Puzzle – Slide fifteen numbered tiles into numerical order. It is impossible to solve in half of the starting positions.[1]
  • Five room puzzle – Cross each wall of a diagram exactly once with a continuous line.[2]
  • MU puzzle – Transform the string MI to MU according to a set of rules.[3]
  • Mutilated chessboard problem – Place 31 dominoes of size 2×1 on a chessboard with two opposite corners removed.[4]
  • Coloring the edges of the Petersen graph with three colors.[5]
  • Seven Bridges of Königsberg – Walk through a city while crossing each of seven bridges exactly once.[6]
  • Squaring the circle, the impossible problem of constructing a square with the same area as a given circle, using only a compass and straightedge.[7]
  • Three cups problem – Turn three cups right-side up after starting with one wrong and turning two at a time.[8]
  • Three utilities problem – Connect three cottages to gas, water, and electricity without crossing lines.[9]
  • Thirty-six officers problem – Arrange six regiments consisting of six officers each of different ranks in a 6 × 6 square so that no rank or regiment is repeated in any row or column.[10]

See also

  • Impossible Puzzle, or "Sum and Product Puzzle", which is not impossible
  • -gry, a word puzzle
  • List of undecidable problems, no algorithm can exist to answer a yes–no question about the input

References

  1. Archer, Aaron F. (November 1999). "A Modern Treatment of the 15 Puzzle" (in en). The American Mathematical Monthly 106 (9): 793–799. doi:10.1080/00029890.1999.12005124. ISSN 0002-9890. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00029890.1999.12005124. 
  2. Bakst, Aaron; Gardner, Martin (May 1962). "The Second Scientific American Book of Mathematical Puzzles and Diversions.". The American Mathematical Monthly 69 (5): 455. doi:10.2307/2312171. ISSN 0002-9890. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2312171. 
  3. Hofstadter, Douglas R. (1999). Gödel, Escher, Bach: an eternal golden braid (20th anniversary ed.). New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-394-75682-0. 
  4. Starikova, Irina; Paul, Jean; Bendegem, Van (2020). "Revisiting the mutilated chessboard or the many roles of a picture" (in en). Logique et Analyse. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.31980.80007. http://rgdoi.net/10.13140/RG.2.2.31980.80007. 
  5. Holton, Derek Allan; Sheehan, J. (1993). The Petersen graph. Australian Mathematical Society lecture series. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43594-9. 
  6. Euler, Leonhard (1953). "Leonhard Euler and the Koenigsberg Bridges". Scientific American 189 (1): 66–72. ISSN 0036-8733. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24944279. 
  7. Kasner, Edward (1933). "Squaring the Circle". The Scientific Monthly 37 (1): 67–71. ISSN 0096-3771. https://www.jstor.org/stable/15685. 
  8. Sanford, A. J. (1987). The mind of man: models of human understanding. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-03960-3. 
  9. Kullman, David E. (November 1979). "The Utilities Problem" (in en). Mathematics Magazine 52 (5): 299–302. doi:10.1080/0025570X.1979.11976807. ISSN 0025-570X. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0025570X.1979.11976807. 
  10. Huczynska, Sophie (October 2006). "Powerline communication and the 36 officers problem" (in en). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364 (1849): 3199–3214. doi:10.1098/rsta.2006.1885. ISSN 1364-503X. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.2006.1885.