Medicine:Anti-neurofascin demyelinating diseases

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Anti-neurofascin demyelinating diseases (anti-NF diseases) refers to health conditions engendered by auto-antibodies against neurofascins, which can produce both central and peripheral demyelination. Some cases of combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) could be produced by them.[1][non-primary source needed]

  • Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: Some cases of CIDP are reported to be produced by auto-antibodies against several neurofascin proteins. These proteins are present in the neurons and four of them have been reported to produce disease: NF186, NF180, NF166 and NF155.[2]
  • Neuromyelitis optica: NF auto antibodies can also appear in NMO cases.[2] These antibodies are more related to the peripheral nervous demyelination, but they were also found in NMO.[3][non-primary source needed]
  • Multiple sclerosis: Also antibodies against Neurofascins NF-155 can also appear in atypical multiple sclerosis[4] and NF-186 could be involved in subtypes of MS[5] yielding an intersection between both conditions. Around 10% of MS cases are now thought to be anti-NF cases.[6][7]

Current status

Whether ANFAs are part of a unique and emerging disease entity, disease modifiers, or inconsequential remains to be elucidated with time.[8][9] Anti-neurofascin antibodies are found in multiple sclerosis, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.[10]

History

The first report about a subgroup of MS patients with anti-NF and contactin 2 auto-antibodies was published in 2011[11]

References

  1. ↑ Ciron, Jonathan; Carra-Dallière, Clarisse; Ayrignac, Xavier; Neau, Jean-Philippe; Maubeuge, Nicolas; Labauge, Pierre (3 November 2018). "The coexistence of recurrent cerebral tumefactive demyelinating lesions with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and demyelinating neuropathy". Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 27: 223–225. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.11.002. ISSN 2211-0348. PMID 30414563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.11.002. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kira, Jun-ichi; Yamasaki, Ryo; Ogata, Hidenori (2019-11-01). "Anti-neurofascin autoantibody and demyelination" (in en). Neurochemistry International. Emerging focus areas in Neuroimmunology 130: 104360. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2018.12.011. ISSN 0197-0186. PMID 30582947. 
  3. ↑ Jia, Kun; Zhang, Xu; Zhang, Lin-Jie; Li, Li-Min; Qi, Yuan; Yi, Ming; Zhang, Chao; Yang, Chun-Sheng et al. (16 January 2019). "Anti-neurofascin-155 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders". Journal of the Neurological Sciences 398: 16–18. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.024. ISSN 0022-510X. PMID 30665067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.024. 
  4. ↑ "Prevalence of neurofascin-155 antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis". Journal of the Neurological Sciences 364: 29–32. March 2016. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2016.03.004. PMID 27084211. 
  5. ↑ "Multiple Sclerosis Society Website - Welcome to the MS Society - lini…". 2007-06-21. https://archive.today/20070621025917/http://www.mssociety.org.uk/news_events/news/research/linington_resear.html. 
  6. ↑ Goncalves, Marcus Vinicius Magno; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti (2019-04-08). "The involvement of anti-neurofascin 155 antibodies in central and peripheral demyelinating diseases" (in en). Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 6: 6. doi:10.20517/2347-8659.2019.08. ISSN 2347-8659. https://nnjournal.net/article/view/3032. 
  7. ↑ Kawamura, Nobutoshi; Yamasaki, Ryo; Yonekawa, Tomomi; Matsushita, Takuya; Kusunoki, Susumu; Nagayama, Shigemi; Fukuda, Yasuo; Ogata, Hidenori et al. (2013-08-20). "Anti-neurofascin antibody in patients with combined central and peripheral demyelination" (in en). Neurology 81 (8): 714–722. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a1aa9c. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 23884033. https://n.neurology.org/content/81/8/714. 
  8. ↑ Gupta, N.; Shirani, A.; Arcot Jayagopal, L.; Piccione, E.; Hartman, E.; Zabad, R. K. (2022). "Anti-Neurofascin Antibodies Associated with White Matter Diseases of the Central Nervous System: A Red Flag or a Red Herring?". Brain Sciences 12 (9): 1124. doi:10.3390/brainsci12091124. PMID 36138860. 
  9. ↑ Kira, Jun-ichi (January 22, 2021). "Anti-Neurofascin 155 Antibody-Positive Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy/Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination: Strategies for Diagnosis and Treatment Based on the Disease Mechanism". Frontiers in Neurology 12. doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.665136. PMID 34177770. 
  10. ↑ Kira, Jun-ichi; Yamasaki, Ryo; Ogata, Hidenori (November 1, 2019). "Anti-neurofascin autoantibody and demyelination". Neurochemistry International 130: 104360. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2018.12.011. PMID 30582947. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197018618304339. 
  11. ↑ Meinl, Edgar; Derfuss, Tobias; Krumbholz, Markus; Pröbstel, Anne-Katrin; Hohlfeld, Reinhard (6 September 2010). "Humoral autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis". Journal of the Neurological Sciences 306 (1–2): 180–182. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.009. ISSN 0022-510X. PMID 20817206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.009. 




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