Medicine:Non-pharmaceutical interventions

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Short description: Methods to reduce an epidemic spread without requiring treatments

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (abbr. NPIs) regroups all methods to reduce an epidemic spread without requiring treatments. The CDC points to Personal NPIs, Community NPIs and Environmental NPIs.[1] NPI have been recommended for pandemic influenza at both local[2] and global levels,[3] and studied at large scale during the 2009 swine flu pandemic[4] and the COVID-19 pandemic.[5][6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Nonpharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) | CDC" (in en-us). 2019-06-11. https://www.cdc.gov/nonpharmaceutical-interventions/index.html. 
  2. ↑ World Health Organization Writing Group; Bell, D.; Nicoll, A.; Fukuda, K.; Horby, P.; Monto, A.; Hayden, F.; Wylks, C. et al. (January 2006). "Nonpharmaceutical Interventions for Pandemic Influenza, National and Community Measures". Emerging Infectious Diseases 12 (1): 88–94. doi:10.3201/eid1201.051371. ISSN 1080-6040. PMID 16494723. 
  3. ↑ World Health Organization Writing Group; Bell, D.; Nicoll, A.; Fukuda, K.; Horby, P.; Monto, A.; Hayden, F.; Wylks, C. et al. (January 2006). "Nonpharmaceutical Interventions for Pandemic Influenza, International Measures". Emerging Infectious Diseases 12 (1): 81–87. doi:10.3201/eid1201.051370. ISSN 1080-6040. PMID 16494722. 
  4. ↑ Mitchell, Tarissa; Dee, Deborah L.; Phares, Christina R.; Lipman, Harvey B.; Gould, L. Hannah; Kutty, Preeta; Desai, Mitesh; Guh, Alice et al. (2011-01-01). "Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions during an Outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection at a Large Public University, April–May 2009" (in en). Clinical Infectious Diseases 52 (suppl_1): S138–S145. doi:10.1093/cid/ciq056. ISSN 1058-4838. PMID 21342886. https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/52/suppl_1/S138/501065. 
  5. ↑ Imai, Natsuko; Gaythorpe, Katy A.M.; Abbott, Sam; Bhatia, Sangeeta; van Elsland, Sabine; Prem, Kiesha; Liu, Yang; Ferguson, Neil M. (2020-04-02). "Adoption and impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19" (in en). Wellcome Open Research 5: 59. doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15808.1. ISSN 2398-502X. PMID 32529040. 
  6. ↑ "Report 9 - Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand" (in en-GB). http://www.imperial.ac.uk/medicine/departments/school-public-health/infectious-disease-epidemiology/mrc-global-infectious-disease-analysis/covid-19/report-9-impact-of-npis-on-covid-19/. 






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