Organization:State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart
The State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart (German: Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart) is a university in Stuttgart, Germany . Founded in 1761 and located since 1946 on the Weißenhof, the Academy, whose historical significance marks names such as Nicolas Guibal, Bernhard Pankok, Adolf Hölzel, Willi Baumeister, Herbert Hirche, K.R.H. Sonderborg, Alfred Hrdlicka, Marianne Eigenheer, Joseph Kosuth, Joan Jonas, Micha Ullman, offers from all art universities in the federal state Baden-Württemberg the largest numbers of courses, namely all disciplines of the visual field, and not just in an organizational network but also under one roof. This is essentially the result of the connection of the former Academy of Fine Arts (Württembergische Akademie der bildenden Künste) with the former School of Applied Arts (Württembergische Staatliche Kunstgewerbeschule) in 1941 as Staatliche Akademie der bildenden Künste Stuttgart, which was reconstituted in 1946 under the same name and which aimed at a broad training program as well as an intensified development in the following decades.[1]
History
On June 25, 1761, Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg, established in his New Palace located in the center of Stuttgart an Académie des Arts, ″where youth can develop as young plants in a nursery″.
This institution, which also spent ten years in Ludwigsburg together with the ducal court, lost its attraction after a second educational institution founded by Charles Eugene, which gained in scope and importance and increasingly devoted itself to art education, so that the Académie des Arts last existed only by name. It was the Karlsschule, an elite school with military education methodes, which went back to an orphanage founded in 1770 near Castle Solitude for poor soldiers' children and which moved in 1775 – after being converted into a military academy (Militärakademie) in 1773 – from the Castle Solitude in its own building (built according to the plans of the court architect Johann Christoph David Leger, destroyed in World War II), situated behind the New Palace in Stuttgart. In 1781 the Karlsschule was raised by Emperor Joseph II to university status under the name Karls Hohe Schule.
At the local art department, whose lessons temporary were also attended by Friedrich Schiller, artists such as Johann Heinrich von Dannecker, Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch, Joseph Anton Koch, Gottlieb Schick found their education with court painters such as Nicolas Guibal and Adolf Friedrich Harper, professors, who had already taught at the Académie des Arts. Unique was the print workshop, founded in 1776 under the copper engraver Johann Gotthard von Müller.
After the death of Duke Charles Eugene (1793), the Hohe Karlsschule was disbanded in 1794 by his brother and successor Louis Eugene, Duke of Württemberg. Thus Württemberg lost its only state art training center.
After 35 years, in 1829, King William I of Württemberg founded an art school in Stuttgart, but initially in conjunction with other educational institutions (Vereinigte Kunst-, Real- und Gewerbe-Schule). From humble beginnings, separated in 1832 from the other institutions, the ″Royal art school″ (Königliche Kunstschule) gradually developed as a training center, which received under the direction of Leopold Graf von Kalckreuth in 1901 the title ″Royal academy of fine arts″ (Königliche Akademie der bildenden Künste, after 1918 Württembergische Akademie der bildenden Künste).
Under the Nazi regime, in 1941, the academy was organically linked with the School of Applied Arts (Württembergische Staatliche Kunstgewerbeschule, founded in Stuttgart in 1869) under the name Staatliche Akademie der bildenden Künste Stuttgart (State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart), with each institution retaining its previous location. After World War II, the institution maintained this name when it was reconstituted in 1946 from Theodor Heuss, the first Minister of Education and Cultural Affairs in the state of Württemberg-Baden, with free and applied disciplines. At that time, as her own buildings in downtown Stuttgart (Urbanstraße 37/39) had been destroyed during air raids in 1943 and 1944, the academy moved into the building of the former School of Applied Arts, built on the Weißenhof in 1913 under the direction of Bernhard Pankok. Already in 1906 Pankok had suggested the connexion of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts and the Royal School of Applied Arts and her workshops (Lehr- und Versuchswerkstätte, founded in 1901). He had planned, more than ten years before the Bauhaus, an art school uniting all artistic disciplines on the Weißenhof area, but had found no resonance in Stuttgart.[2]
After the Protests of 1968, the State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart was fundamentally reformed under the rectorate of the art historian Wolfgang Kermer in 1975 and 1978 on the basis of new university laws for the art and music colleges of Baden-Württemberg. The legal status was clarified and guaranteed the equality of rank with universities. The academy decided on a new basic order, dissolved the old departmental structure and formed various specialist groups and study programs. In the 1970s also diplomas for all design courses were introduced and the promotion of talented students through state-funded exhibitions and publications was institutionalized. This era created the foundation on which the State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart stands today.[3]
In the more than 250 years of her changeful history, prominent artists and teachers have marked the path of the State Academy of Fine Arts Stuttgart, from Nicolas Guibal, Johann Heinrich von Dannecker, Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch, Nikolaus Friedrich von Thouret, Bernhard von Neher, Leopold Graf von Kalckreuth, Carlos Grethe, Bernhard Pankok, Adolf Hölzel, Heinrich Altherr, Anton Kolig to Willi Baumeister, Herbert Hirche, K.R.H. Sonderborg, Alfred Hrdlicka, Heinz Edelmann, Richard Sapper, Joseph Kosuth, Micha Ullman, David Chipperfield, Joan Jonas, as well as prominent artists such as Heinrich Füger, Karl Hofer, Willi Baumeister, Oskar Schlemmer, Hermann Stenner, Johannes Itten, Ida Kerkovius, Camille Graeser, HAP Grieshaber, Grete Stern, Frans Krajcberg, Charlotte Posenenske, Ludwig Wilding, Georg Karl Pfahler, Robert Gernhardt, Karin Sander, Michel Majerus are among their alumni.
Rectors (since 1946)
- 1946–1953 Hermann Brachert, sculptor
- 1953–1955 Karl Rössing, graphic artist
- 1955–1957 Manfred Henninger, painter
- 1957–1959 Rudolf Yelin, painter and glass painter
- 1959–1969 Walter Brudi, book artist and typographer
- 1969–1971 Herbert Hirche, architect, furniture and product designer
- 1971–1984 Wolfgang Kermer, art historian
- 1984–1987 Manfred Kröplien, graphic designer
- 1987–1991 Paul Uwe Dreyer, painter
- 1991–1994 Wolfgang Henning, architect
- 1994–1998 Klaus Lehmann, product designer
- 1998-2004 Paul Uwe Dreyer, painter
- 2004-2010 Ludger Hünnekens, archaeologist and cultural manager
- 2010–2016 Petra Olschowski, art historian and journalist
- since 2017 Barbara Bader, art scientist and art didactic
Prominent teachers
- Heinrich Altherr
- Willi Baumeister
- David Chipperfield
- Johann Heinrich von Dannecker
- Heinz Edelmann
- Marianne Eigenheer
- Reinhard Heinrich Ferdinand Fischer
- Rainer Ganahl
- Carlos Grethe
- Jakob Grünenwald
- Nicolas Guibal
- Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch
- Herbert Hirche
- Adolf Hölzel
- Alfred Hrdlicka
- Christian Jankowski
- Joan Jonas
- Leopold Graf von Kalckreuth
- Albert Kappis
- Friedrich von Keller
- Wolfgang Kermer
- Anton Kolig
- Joseph Kosuth
- Christian Landenberger
- Christian Friedrich von Leins
- Sándor Liezen-Mayer
- Erich Mönch
- Johann Gotthard von Müller
- Bernhard von Neher
- Chris Newman
- Bernhard Pankok
- Robert Pötzelberger
- Heinrich von Rustige
- Richard Sapper
- Hans Erich Slany
- K.R.H. Sonderborg
- Giuseppe Spagnulo
- Gottlob Friedrich Steinkopf
- Patrick Thomas
- Nikolaus Friedrich von Thouret
- Niklaus Troxler
- Micha Ullman
- Jörg F Zimmermann
Alumni
- Ellen Auerbach
- Willi Baumeister
- Alf Bayrle
- F. W. Bernstein (1938–2018), poet, cartoonist, satirist and academic
- Bernhard Buttersack
- Eric Carle
- Karl Caspar
- Maria Caspar-Filser
- Johann Heinrich von Dannecker
- Reinhard Heinrich Ferdinand Fischer
- Adolf Fleischmann
- Heinrich Füger
- Peter Gamper
- Jakob Gauermann
- Robert Gernhardt
- Camille Graeser
- HAP Grieshaber
- Jakob Grünenwald
- Hermann Haller
- Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch
- Karl Hofer
- Renate Hoffleit
- Johannes Itten
- Georg Jauss
- Erich Kahn
- Friedrich von Keller
- Ida Kerkovius
- Wolfgang Kermer
- Fyodor Khitruk
- Günther C. Kirchberger
- Joseph Anton Koch
- Frans Krajcberg
- Angela Laich
- Christian Landenberger
- Käthe Loewenthal
- James McGarrell
- Michel Majerus
- Otto Meyer-Amden
- Louis Moilliet
- Johann Gotthard von Müller
- Rolf Nesch
- Christoph Niemann
- Alfred Heinrich Pellegrini
- Georg Karl Pfahler
- Hermann Pleuer
- Charlotte Posenenske
- Lilo Ramdohr
- Günther Raupp[4]
- Luisa Richter
- Karin Sander
- Gottlieb Schick
- Rudolf Schlichter
- Oskar Schlemmer
- Hermann Stenner
- Grete Stern
- Nikolaus Friedrich von Thouret
- Georg Trump
- Eberhard Georg Friedrich von Wächter
- Emil Rudolf Weiß
- Ludwig Wilding
- Heinrich von Zügel
- Georg Friedrich Zundel
References
- ↑ Kermer, Wolfgang: Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart, in: Gründe und Hintergründe, Informationen des Ministeriums für Wissenschaft und Kunst Baden-Württemberg, 2. Jg., Nr. 2, April 1982, p. 6.
- ↑ Kermer, Wolfgang: Daten und Bilder zur Geschichte der Staatlichen Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart. Stuttgart: Edition Cantz, 1988 (= Verbesserter Sonderdruck aus: Die Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart: eine Selbstdarstellung. Stuttgart: Edition Cantz, 1988, pp. 16–31), unpaginated.
- ↑ Kermer, Wolfgang: ″1968″ und Akademiereform: von den Studentenunruhen zur Neuorganisation der Stuttgarter Akademie in den siebziger Jahren. Ostfildern-Ruit: Edition Cantz, 1998 (Beiträge zur Geschichte der Staatlichen Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart / ed. Wolfgang Kermer; 9) ISBN:3-89322-446-7
- ↑ "The photographer that earned the mythical trust of Ferrari" (in en-US). https://www.classicdriver.com/en/article/classic-life/photographer-earned-mythical-trust-ferrari.
External links
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