Philosophy:Eutrapelia
Eutrapelia comes from the Greek for "wittiness" (Ancient Greek: εὐτραπελία, romanized: eutrapelia) and refers to pleasantness in conversation, with ease and a good sense of humor. It is one of Aristotle's virtues, being the "golden mean" between boorishness (ἀγροικία) and buffoonery (βωμολοχία).[1]
Construed narrowly, eutrapelia is associated with an emotion in the same manner modesty and righteousness are associated with emotion; while it is not tied to any particular emotion when construed in wider terms, and is classified with truthfulness, friendliness, and dignity in the category of mean-dispositions that cannot be called pathetikai mesotetes.[2]
In Ephesians 5:4, Paul the Apostle uses the word εὐτραπελία with a negative meaning, referring to dirty jokes which do not befit Christians.[3] John Chrysostom follows him in strongly criticizing inappropriate witticism, warning "that the greatest evils are both produced and increased by it, and that it oftentimes terminates in fornication".[4]
Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), viewed eutrapelia in a positive light, again, favoring the ancient Aristotelian notion that it is constituted by mental relaxation and honorable fun.[5] In the Summa Theologica, Aquinas made it the virtue of moderation in relation to jesting.[5]
By the second half of thirteenth century, the concept was considered a state of judicious pleasure and returned to being considered a virtue by commentators.[6]
The term eutrapely is derived from eutrapelia and, since 1596, shares the original meaning of wittiness in conversations.[7]
References
- ↑ Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. IV.8.
- ↑ Fortenbaugh, William (2006). Aristotle's Practical Side: On his Psychology, Ethics, Politics and Rhetoric. Leiden: Brill. p. 147. ISBN 9789004151642.
- ↑ Strong, James. "Strong's Greek: 2160. εὐτραπελία (eutrapelia) -- Coarse jesting, vulgarity, ribaldry". https://biblehub.com/greek/2160.htm.
- ↑ John Chrysostom (407). "John Chrysostom on Ephesians 5:4 - Catena Bible & Commentaries". https://catenabible.com/com/57558dcd3c6effa740dddacb.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Screech, Michael (2015). Laughter at the Foot of the Cross. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 138. ISBN 9780226245119.
- ↑ Page, Christopher (1990). The Owl and the Nightingale: Musical Life and Ideas in France 1100–1300. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press. p. 38. ISBN 0520069447.
- ↑ Garg, Anu (December 20, 2019). "eutrapely". https://wordsmith.org/words/eutrapely.html.
See also
- Foster, Edgar (4 February 2009). "Foster's Theological Reflections: Brief Word Study on Eutrapelia". https://fosterheologicalreflections.blogspot.com/2009/02/brief-word-study-on-eutrapelia.html. Retrieved 2009-06-02.
- Hoffmann, Tobias (2011). "Eutrapelia: The Right Attitude toward Amusement". Mots médiévaux offerts à Ruedi Imbach. F.I.D.E.M. Textes et études du moyen âge. Porto: Fédération Internationale des Instituts d’Études Médiévales. pp. 267–77.
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