Religion:Psalm 118

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Short description: Psalm of the Book of Palms in the Bible

Template:Infobox musical composition Psalm 118 is the 118th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in the English of the King James Version: "O give thanks unto the LORD; for he is good: because his mercy endureth for ever." The Book of Psalms is part of the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and a book of the Christian Old Testament. In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translations of the Bible, this psalm is Psalm 117. In Latin, it is known as "Confitemini Domino quoniam bonus quoniam in saeculum misericordia eius".[1] Its themes are thanksgiving to God and reliance on God rather than on human strength.

The psalm forms a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies.

Text

Hebrew Bible version

Psalm 118 in the 11Q5 Dead Sea Scrolls manuscript

Following is the Hebrew text of Psalm 118:[2]

Verse Hebrew
1 .הוֹדוּ לַיהוָה כִּי-טוֹב: כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ
2 .יֹאמַר-נָא יִשְׂרָאֵל: כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ
3 .יֹאמְרוּ-נָא בֵית-אַהֲרֹן: כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ
4 .יֹאמְרוּ-נָא יִרְאֵי יְהוָה: כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ
5 .מִן-הַמֵּצַר, קָרָאתִי יָּהּ; עָנָנִי בַמֶּרְחָב יָהּ
6 .יְהוָה לִי, לֹא אִירָא; מַה-יַּעֲשֶׂה לִי אָדָם
7 .יְהוָה לִי, בְּעֹזְרָי; וַאֲנִי, אֶרְאֶה בְשֹׂנְאָי
8 .טוֹב, לַחֲסוֹת בַּיהוָה-- מִבְּטֹחַ, בָּאָדָם
9 .טוֹב, לַחֲסוֹת בַּיהוָה-- מִבְּטֹחַ, בִּנְדִיבִים
10 .כָּל-גּוֹיִם סְבָבוּנִי; בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה, כִּי אֲמִילַם
11 .סַבּוּנִי גַם-סְבָבוּנִי; בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה, כִּי אֲמִילַם
12 ;סַבּוּנִי כִדְבוֹרִים-- דֹּעֲכוּ, כְּאֵשׁ קוֹצִים

.בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה, כִּי אֲמִילַם

13 .דַּחֹה דְחִיתַנִי לִנְפֹּל; וַיהוָה עֲזָרָנִי
14 .עָזִּי וְזִמְרָת יָהּ; וַיְהִי-לִי, לִישׁוּעָה
15 .קוֹל, רִנָּה וִישׁוּעָה--בְּאָהֳלֵי צַדִּיקִים; יְמִין יְהוָה, עֹשָׂה חָיִל
16 .יְמִין יְהוָה, רוֹמֵמָה; יְמִין יְהוָה, עֹשָׂה חָיִל
17 .לֹא-אָמוּת כִּי-אֶחְיֶה; וַאֲסַפֵּר, מַעֲשֵׂי יָהּ
18 .יַסֹּר יִסְּרַנִּי יָּהּ; וְלַמָּוֶת, לֹא נְתָנָנִי
19 .פִּתְחוּ-לִי שַׁעֲרֵי-צֶדֶק; אָבֹא-בָם, אוֹדֶה יָהּ
20 .זֶה-הַשַּׁעַר לַיהוָה; צַדִּיקִים, יָבֹאוּ בוֹ
21 .אוֹדְךָ, כִּי עֲנִיתָנִי; וַתְּהִי-לִי, לִישׁוּעָה
22 .אֶבֶן, מָאֲסוּ הַבּוֹנִים-- הָיְתָה, לְרֹאשׁ פִּנָּה
23 .מֵאֵת יְהוָה, הָיְתָה זֹּאת; הִיא נִפְלָאת בְּעֵינֵינוּ
24 .זֶה-הַיּוֹם, עָשָׂה יְהוָה; נָגִילָה וְנִשְׂמְחָה בוֹ
25 .אָנָּא יְהוָה, הוֹשִׁיעָה נָּא; אָנָּא יְהוָה, הַצְלִיחָה נָּא
26 .בָּרוּךְ הַבָּא, בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה; בֵּרַכְנוּכֶם, מִבֵּית יְהוָה
27 .אֵל, יְהוָה--וַיָּאֶר-לָנוּ: אִסְרוּ-חַג בַּעֲבֹתִים--עַד קַרְנוֹת, הַמִּזְבֵּחַ
28 .אֵלִי אַתָּה וְאוֹדֶךָּ; אֱלֹהַי, אֲרוֹמְמֶךָּ
29 .הוֹדוּ לַיהוָה כִּי-טוֹב: כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ

King James Version

Facade of Jerusalem Synagogue with Psalm 118:20 in Hebrew, Prague, Czech Republic
  1. O give thanks unto the LORD; for he is good: because his mercy endureth for ever.
  2. Let Israel now say, that his mercy endureth for ever.
  3. Let the house of Aaron now say, that his mercy endureth for ever.
  4. Let them now that fear the LORD say, that his mercy endureth for ever.
  5. I called upon the LORD in distress: the LORD answered me, and set me in a large place.
  6. The LORD is on my side; I will not fear: what can man do unto me?
  7. The LORD taketh my part with them that help me: therefore shall I see my desire upon them that hate me.
  8. It is better to trust in the LORD than to put confidence in man.
  9. It is better to trust in the LORD than to put confidence in princes.
  10. All nations compassed me about: but in the name of the LORD will I destroy them.
  11. They compassed me about; yea, they compassed me about: but in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.
  12. They compassed me about like bees: they are quenched as the fire of thorns: for in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.
  13. Thou hast thrust sore at me that I might fall: but the LORD helped me.
  14. The LORD is my strength and song, and is become my salvation.
  15. The voice of rejoicing and salvation is in the tabernacles of the righteous: the right hand of the LORD doeth valiantly.
  16. The right hand of the LORD is exalted: the right hand of the LORD doeth valiantly.
  17. I shall not die, but live, and declare the works of the LORD.
  18. The LORD hath chastened me sore: but he hath not given me over unto death.
  19. Open to me the gates of righteousness: I will go into them, and I will praise the LORD:
  20. This gate of the LORD, into which the righteous shall enter.
  21. I will praise thee: for thou hast heard me, and art become my salvation.
  22. The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner.
  23. This is the LORD's doing; it is marvellous in our eyes.
  24. This is the day which the LORD hath made; we will rejoice and be glad in it.
  25. Save now, I beseech thee, O LORD: O LORD, I beseech thee, send now prosperity.
  26. Blessed be he that cometh in the name of the LORD: we have blessed you out of the house of the LORD.
  27. God is the LORD, which hath shewed us light: bind the sacrifice with cords, even unto the horns of the altar.
  28. Thou art my God, and I will praise thee: thou art my God, I will exalt thee.
  29. O give thanks unto the LORD; for he is good: for his mercy endureth for ever.

Theme and structure

This psalm is centered on God, in a movement that expresses gratitude, admiration, joy and praise. In the King James Version, the Lord is mentioned in almost every verse.

Notable verses

Verse 5

I called on the Lord in distress;
The Lord answered me and set me in a large place.[3]

Instead of "a large place" or "a broad place", many translations state the LORD "set me free".[4]

Verse 14

The Lord is my strength and song,
And He has become my salvation.[5]

These words are parallelled in the Song of Moses (Exodus 15:2) and are used by the prophet Isaiah in Isaiah 12:2.[6]

Verse 22

The stone which the builders rejected
Has become the chief cornerstone.[7]

Verse 23

This was the Lord’s doing;
It is marvelous in our eyes.[8]

Uses

Judaism

The Tosher Rebbe of Montreal, Quebec, Canada shaking the Four species during Sukkot while praying Hallel.

Psalm 118 is the last of the so-called Egyptian Hallel. It is read on the days of recitation of the hallel.

  • It is one of six psalms (113-118) of which Hallel is composed. On all days when Hallel is recited, this psalm is recited in its entirety, with the final ten verses being recited twice.[9]
  • Verse 1 is recited by some following Psalm 126 preceding Birkat Hamazon.[10]
  • Verse 5 is recited prior to the Shofar blowing on Rosh Hashanah.[11]
  • Verses 5-9 are part of Tashlikh.[12]
  • Verse 24 may be a source of the Israeli song Hava Nagila.
  • Verse 25 is part of the long Tachanun recited on Mondays and Thursdays.[13]
  • Verse 27 is the source to the name isru chag.[14]

New Testament

Psalm 118:23 quoted on an English Sovereign: A DNO' FACTU' EST ISTUD ET EST MIRAB' IN OCULIS NRS

Parts of this Psalm were quoted by Jesus and writers of the New Testament.

  • Verse 6 is quoted in Hebrews 13:6[15]
  • Verses 22-23 are quoted in Matthew 21:42. Jesus said to them (the chief priests and the elders of the people), "Have you never read in the Scriptures: "'The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone; this was the Lord's doing, and it is marvelous in our eyes'?" Opposition and difficulties are seen in this Psalm but in the midst of it God will display His salvation. This verse is also referred to in Mark 12:10, Luke 20:17, Acts 4:11, and 1 Peter 2:4,7.[15]
  • In Matthew 21:9, 23:39; Mark 11:9-10; Luke 13:35, 19:38; and John 12:13,[15] Jesus is welcomed on his triumphal entry into Jerusalem by crowds quoting verses 25-26:
"Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!"[16][17]

Catholic Church

This psalm was chosen by St Benedict towards 530, as the third psalm during the solemn office of the Sunday laudes (Rule of Saint Benedict, chapter XI10).[18]

Psalm 118 (117) is now read in the liturgy of the Hours every Sunday of the first and third weeks, at the office of Sext.

Psalm 118 is also closely associated with Easter in the Catholic Church, and it is typically sung at the Easter Vigil and the morning Mass on Easter Sunday. The gradual for Easter is based on verse 24, Haec dies quam fecit Dominus. As a result, many compositions are based on this textual fragment.

Anglicanism

An extract from verse 23 is inscribed on several English coins, with the text of the Vulgate: a Domino factum est istud hoc est mirabile in oculis nostris. Upon her accession to the throne, Elizabeth I of England is said to have pronounced this same verse, also in Latin, as quoted in the New Testament: A Domino factum est illud et est mirabile in oculis nostris.[19]

Book of Common Prayer

In the Church of England's Book of Common Prayer, this psalm is appointed to be read on the morning of the twenty-fourth day of the month,[20] as well as at Evensong on Easter Day.[21]

Music

The hymn in German "Nun saget Dank und lobt den Herren" is a paraphrase of Psalm 118. It has been set to music by various composers.

The beginning of the psalm was set by Goran Trajkoski for a production, Eternal House, at the Macedonian National Theatre.[22]

References

  1. ↑ Parallel Latin/English Psalter / Psalmus 117 (118) medievalist.net
  2. ↑ "Psalms Chapter 118 תְּהִלִּים". https://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt26b8.htm. 
  3. ↑ Psalm 118:5
  4. ↑ E.g. Psalm 118:5 in the Revised Standard Version
  5. ↑ Psalm 118:14 NKJV
  6. ↑ Keil and Delitzsch OT Commentary, Isaiah 12, accessed 23 March 2018
  7. ↑ Psalm 118:22
  8. ↑ Psalm 118:23
  9. ↑ The Complete Artscroll Siddur, page 638-40
  10. ↑ The Complete Artscroll Siddur, page 183
  11. ↑ The Complete Artscroll Machzor for Rosh Hashanah, page 435
  12. ↑ The Complete Artscroll Siddur, page 771.
  13. ↑ The Complete Artscroll Siddur, page 131
  14. ↑ Rabbi Eliezer Melamed, Isru chag in Peninei Halakha
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Kirkpatrick, A. F. (1901). The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes. The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Book IV and V: Psalms XC-CL. Cambridge: At the University Press. pp. 840. https://books.google.com/books?id=SLJzlHElr6cC. Retrieved February 28, 2019. 
  16. ↑ D’après le Complete ArtScroll Siddur, compilation des prières juives, p. 131.
  17. ↑ John Calvin, Commentaire des psaumes, 1557.
  18. ↑ Prosper Guéranger, Traduction par Dom (Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Solesmes, réimpression 2007) p.40.
  19. ↑ On This Day: Elizabeth I Becomes Queen of England, 10 November 2010
  20. ↑ Church of England, Book of Common Prayer: The Psalter as printed by John Baskerville in 1762, pp. 286-287
  21. ↑ "The Book of Common Prayer: Proper Psalms On Certain Days". pp. 6. https://www.churchofengland.org/sites/default/files/2017-10/1-table-proper-lessons.pdf. 
  22. ↑ (118 Псалм Давидов)

External links




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