Religion:Shango

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Shango (Yoruba language: Ṣàngó, also known as Changó or Xangô in Latin America; as Jakuta or Badé; and as Ṣangó in Trinidad Orisha[1]) is an Orisha (or deity) in Yoruba religion. Genealogically speaking, Shango is a royal ancestor of the Yoruba as he was the third Alaafin of the Oyo Kingdom prior to his posthumous deification. Shango has numerous manifestations, including Airá, Agodo, Afonja, Lubé, and Obomin.[2][3] He is known for his powerful double axe (Oṣè). He is considered to be one of the most powerful rulers that Yorubaland has ever produced.

In the New World, he is syncretized with either Saint Barbara or Saint Jerome.

Historical figure

Ṣàngó was the third Alaafin of Oyo, following Oranmiyan and Ajaka.[3] He brought prosperity to the Oyo Empire.[4] According to Professor Mason's Mythological Account of Heroes and Kings, unlike his peaceful brother Ajaka, he was a powerful and violent ruler. He reigned for seven years which were marked by his continuous campaigns and many battles. His reign ended due to the inadvertent destruction of his palace by lightning. He had three wives, namely Queen Oshun, Queen Obba, and Queen Oya.

Some of the slaves brought to the Americas were Yoruba, one of the various ethnic groups drawn into the Atlantic slave trade, and they brought the worship of Ṣàngó to the New World as a result. Strong devotion to Ṣàngó led to Yoruba religions in Trinidad and Recife, Brazil being named after the deity.[5]

Veneration of Ṣàngó

Nigeria

Ṣàngó is viewed as the most powerful of the orisha pantheon and is often described in two differing narratives.[6] In the first narrative, Ṣàngó casts a "thunderstone" to earth, which creates thunder and lightning, to anyone who offends him. Worshippers in Yorubaland in Nigeria do not eat cowpea because they believe that the wrath of the god of thunder and lightning would descend on them.Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag[7]

  • Shango is the main protagonist of the famous 1963 play, Ọba kò so by Duro Ladipo.
  • Shango is a large theme in the Mighty Sparrow song "Congo Man".
  • Caliban invokes Shango in Aimé Césaire's play Une Tempête (A Tempest).[8]
  • Shango appears as a minor character in The Iron Druid Chronicles by Kevin Hearne.
  • "Shango" is a bonus track on Guadalcanal Diary's album 2x4.
  • Chango is portrayed by Wale in season 3 of American Gods.[9]
  • FC Shango is an American men's recreational football club based in Minnesota and was formed in 1992. Competing in the highest division in amateur soccer in Minnesota, FC Shango won the state amateur soccer tournament in 2017, and currently has three teams: MASL D2, MSSL O40, and O50. They are the 2023 over 50 Masters League champions of the Minnesota Senior Soccer League MSSL. [1].
  • Shango is the fifth album released by the multi-genre trance group Juno Reactor.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Salamone, Frank A. (2004). Levinson, David. ed. Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals, and Festivals. New York: Routledge. pp. 24. ISBN 0-415-94180-6. 
  2. ↑ Adeoye, C. L. (1989) (in yo). Ìgbàgbọ́ àti ẹ̀sìn Yorùba. Ibadan: Evans Bros. Nigeria Publishers. pp. 285–302. ISBN 9781675098. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bascom, William Russell (1980). Sixteen Cowries: Yoruba Divination from Africa to the New World. Indiana University Press. pp. 44. ISBN 0-253-20847-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=CfmDsiI7TbgC&pg=PA44. 
  4. ↑ Lum, Kenneth Anthony (2000). Praising His Name in the Dance. Routledge. pp. 231. ISBN 90-5702-610-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=OvLBLzXQ1eYC&pg=PA231. 
  5. ↑ Voeks, Robert (1997). Sacred leaves of Candomblé: African magic, medicine, and religion in Brazil. Austin: University of Texas Press. p. 55. ISBN 9780292787315. https://archive.org/details/sacredleavesofca00voek/page/55. 
  6. ↑ Tishken, Joel E., ed (2009). Sango in Africa and the African Diaspora. Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 218–219. ISBN 9780253220943. 
  7. ↑ "Que Viva Chango lyrics by Celina & Reutilio". https://www.paroles-musique.com/eng/Celina_feat_Reutilio-Que_Viva_Chango-lyrics,p036582493. 
  8. ↑ Césaire, Aimé (2010) (in en). A tempest. Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street Press. http://www.aspresolver.com/aspresolver.asp?BLD2;PL005436. 
  9. ↑ Abbey White (2021-01-31). "Why Chango From American Gods Season 3 Looks So Familiar". Looper.com. https://www.looper.com/323792/why-chango-from-american-gods-season-3-looks-so-familiar/. 

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Bibliography

  • Johnson, Samuel, History of the Yorubas, London 1921 (pp. 149–152).
  • Law, Robin: The Oyo Empire c. 1600 – c. 1836, Oxford 1977.
  • Seux, M.-J., Épithètes royales akkadiennes et sumériennes, Paris 1967.
  • Tishken,Joel E., Tóyìn Fálọlá, and Akíntúndéí Akínyẹmí (eds), Sàngó in Africa and the African Diaspora, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2009.

Further reading

  • Charles Spencer King, "Nature's Ancient Religion: Orisha Worship & IFA" ISBN 1-4404-1733-4
  • Charles Spencer King, "IFA Y Los Orishas: La Religion Antigua De LA Naturaleza" ISBN 1-4610-2898-1

Template:Alaafins of Oyo Template:Orisa-Ifá



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