Social:2018 in public domain

Short description: Overview of works entering public domain

When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of works that entered the public domain in 2018. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform.

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Entering the public domain in countries with life + 70 years

With the exception of Belarus and Spain (which is Life + 80 for creators who died before 1987), a work enters the public domain in Europe 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime. The list is sorted alphabetically and includes a notable work of the creator that entered the public domain on January 1, 2018. For previously unpublished material, those who publish it first will have the publication rights for 25 years.

Names	Country	Birth	Death	Occupation	Notable work
James Agate	United Kingdom	1877	1947	Writer, critic	Ego
Tilly Aston	Australia	1873	1947	Educator, writer
Joseph Barcroft	United Kingdom	1872	1947	Physiologist	The Respiratory Function of the Blood
W. Augustus Barratt	United States	1873	1947	Composer	Sir Patrick Spens
Marie Adelaide Belloc Lowndes	United Kingdom	1868	1947	Novelist	The Lodger
J. D. Beresford	United Kingdom	1873	1947	Science fiction and horror author	The Hampdenshire Wonder
France	1865	1947	Geographer	Les Confins algéro-marocains
Tristan Bernard	France	1866	1947	Playwright	Mémoires d'un jeune homme rangé
Jean-Richard Bloch	France	1884	1947	Writer
Italy	1865	1947	Orientalist	Lessico italiano-turco
Pierre Bonnard	France	1867	1947	Painter, printmaker
Wolfgang Borchert	Germany	1921	1947	Playwright	Draußen vor der Tür
Angela Brazil	United Kingdom	1868	1947	Children's books author
Óscar Castro Zúñiga	Chile	1910	1947	Writer	Llampo de Sangre, Camino en el alba, Comarca del jazmín
Willa Cather	United States	1873	1947	Writer	My Ántonia
Russia	1877	1947	Poet
George Chatterton-Hill	Ireland	1883	1947	Philosopher	Heredity and Selection in Sociology
Édouard Chatton	France	1883	1947	Biologist
Winston Churchill	United States	1871	1947	Novelist	The Celebrity
Ananda Coomaraswamy	United States	1877	1947	historian, philosopher	The Dance of Shiva
Aleister Crowley	United Kingdom	1875	1947	Poet	Bibliography
Franz Cumont	Belgium	1868	1947	archeologist	Texts and Illustrated Monuments Relating to the Mysteries of Mithra
Petras Cvirka	Lithuania	1909	1947	Author	Frank Kruk
Josef Čapek	Czech	1887	April 1945	Painter, writer	All About Doggie and Pussycat
Anton Denikin	Russia	1872	1947	Soldier, writer	Russian Turmoil
Walter Donaldson	United States	1893	1947	Songwriter	Makin' Whoopee, Yes Sir, That's My Baby
Hans Fallada	Germany	1893	1947	Writer	Der junge Goedeschal, Little Man, What Now?
Irving Fisher	United States	1867	1947	Economist	The Purchasing Power of Money
Desmond FitzGerald	Ireland	1888	1947	Architect
Henry Ford	United States	1863	1947	Business magnate	The International Jew
John Ulrich Giesy	United States	1877	1947	Writer, physician	Palos of the Dog Star Pack
Victor Goldschmidt	Norway	1888	1947	Mineralogist	Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente
Reynaldo Hahn	France	1874	1947	Composer	Ciboulette
G. H. Hardy	United Kingdom	1877	1947	Mathematician	A Mathematician's Apology
Frank Heller	Sweden	1886	1947	Writer	The London Adventures of Mr. Collin
Frederick Gowland Hopkins	United Kingdom	1861	1947	Biochemist	Feeding experiments illustrating the importance of accessory factors in normal dietaries
Blanche Hoschedé Monet	France	1865	1947	Painter
Victor Horta	Belgium	1861	1947	Architect
Albert Howard	United Kingdom	1873	1947	Botanist	An Agricultural Testament
Ricarda Huch	Germany	1864	1947	Author	The Deruga Case
Czech Republic	1872	1947	Painter and illustrator
E.M. Hull	United Kingdom	1880	1947	Novelist	The Sheik
Pierre Janet	France	1859	1947	Psychologist	La médecine psychologique
Afevork Ghevre Jesus	Ethiopia	1868	1947	Writer	Ləbb Wälläd Tarik
Elizabeth Jordan	United States	1865	1947	Journalist, suffragist, author
Pyotr Krasnov	Russia	1869	1947	Soldier, writer	From Double Eagle To the Red Flag
Czech Republic	1878	1947	Painter
Richard Le Gallienne	United Kingdom	1866	1947	author, poet
C. Louis Leipoldt	South Africa	1880	1947	Poet
Philipp Lenard	Germany	1862	1947	Physicist	Quantitative on cathode rays
Austria	1878	1947	Physicist	Separation of radium C from radium E
Hugh Lofting	United Kingdom	1886	1947	Writer	Doctor Dolittle series
Ernst Lubitsch	Germany	1892	1947	Director
Manuel Machado	Spain	1874	1947	Poet and playwright	La Lola se va a los puertos
Arthur Machen	United Kingdom	1863	1947	Fantasy and horror author	The Great God Pan, The Three Impostors, The Hill of Dreams, The White People
Karl Mannheim	United Kingdom	1893	1947	Sociologist	Ideology and Utopia
Henri Manuel	France	1874	1947	Photographer
William Moulton Marston	United States	1893	1947	Psychologist, inventor, comic book writer	Wonder Woman, DISC assessment
Anatole de Monzie	France	1876	1947	Encyclopaedist	Grandeur et servitude judiciaires
Yone Noguchi	Japan	1875	1947	Writer	The American Diary of a Japanese Girl
Emma Orczy	United Kingdom	1865	1947	Novelist, Playwright	The Scarlet Pimpernel
P. D. Ouspensky	Russia	1878	1947	Mathematician, esotericist
Friedrich Paschen	Germany	1865	1947	Physicist	Ueber die zum Funkenübergang in Luft, Wasserstoff und Kohlensäure bei verschiedenen Drucken erforderliche Potentialdifferenz
John Henry Patterson	United Kingdom	1867	1947	Soldier, hunter, author	The Man-Eaters of Tsavo
Reginald Payne	United Kingdom	1909	1947	Illustrator	The Railway Series
Júlio Afrânio Peixoto	Brazil	1876	1947	Writer
Max Planck	Germany	1858	1947	Scientist
R. I. Pocock	United Kingdom	1863	1947	Zoologist	The Fauna of British India
Carl Adolph Preyer	United States	1863	1947	Composer	Festal Polonaise, Op.14
Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz	Switzerland	1878	1947	Author	Beauty on Earth
Forrest Reid	United Kingdom	1875	1947	Novelist	Young Tom
Nicholas Roerich	Russia India	1874	1947	Painter, writer
Georgia	1879	1947	Polish painter active in Georgia
Margaret Marshall Saunders	Canada	1861	1947	Writer
Austria	1859	1947	Physicist
Emil Schovánek	Czech Republic	1885	1947	Painter
Kathleen Scott	United Kingdom	1878	1947	Sculptor
Victor Serge	Belgium	1890	1947	Marxist revolutionary, writer	From Lenin to Stalin, Destiny of a Revolution
M. P. Shiel	Montserrat	1865	1947	Horror and science fiction author	The Purple Cloud, The Yellow Danger
Andrei Shkuro	Russia	1887	1947	Soldier, memoirist
Alfred Walter Stewart	United Kingdom	1880	1947	Chemist, Writer	Nordenholt's Million
Alan Sullivan	Canada	1868	1947	Writer	The Great Divide
Flora Thompson	United Kingdom	1876	1947	Novelist, poet	Lark Rise to Candleford
Russia Soviet Union	1883	1947	Literary scholar
Jim Tully	United States	1886	1947	Writer	Beggars of Life
Marcel Varnel	France	1892	1947	Film Director
E. C. Vivian	United Kingdom	1882	1947	Writer, editor	Fields of Sleep
Sidney Webb	United Kingdom	1859	1947
Alfred North Whitehead	United Kingdom	1861	1947	Mathematician	Process and Reality
Anna Wickham	United Kingdom	1883	1947	Poet	Songs of John Oland
Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman	Belgium	1866	1947	Botanist
Almroth Wright	United Kingdom	1861	1947	Bacteriologist	The Unexpurgated Case against Woman Suffrage
Riichi Yokomitsu	Japan	1898	1947	Writer
Austria	1866	1947	Orientalist	Die Münzprägungen des Islams

Entering the public domain in countries with life + 50 years

In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Belarus , Bolivia, Canada , New Zealand and Uruguay; a work enters the public domain 50 years after the creator's death.

Names	Country	Birth	Death	Occupation	Notable work
J.R. Ackerley	United Kingdom	1896	1967	Writer, editor	My Dog Tulip, We Think the World of You
Ciro Alegría	Peru	1909	1967	Journalist, novelist	El mundo es ancho y ajeno
Gordon Allport	United States	1897	1967	psychologist	Becoming: Basic Considerations for a Psychology of Personality
Norman Angell	United Kingdom	1872	1967	journalist, author, politician	The Great Illusion
Tudor Arghezi	Romania	1880	1967	poet, novelist, essayist	Cuvinte Potrivite, Zdreanță
Marcel Aymé	France	1902	1967	Novelist, children's writer, playwright	The passer-through-walls
Margaret Ayer Barnes	United States	1886	1967	playwright, novelist, short-story writer	Years of Grace
Vladimir Bartol	Slovenia	1903	1967	Writer	Alamut
John Coltrane	United States	1926	1967	Saxophonist, composer	Giant Steps
Isaac Deutscher	United Kingdom	1907	1967	Biographer	Stalin: a Political Biography
Julien Duvivier	France	1896	1967	film director, screenwriter	Sous le ciel de Paris
Ilya Ehrenburg	Russia	1891	1967	writer, journalist, translator	Black Book, The Thaw
Sidney Bradshaw Fay	United States	1876	1967	Historian	The Origins of the World War
Varian Fry	United States	1907	1967	Journalist	The Peace that Failed, Surrender on Demand
Che Guevara	Argentina	1928	1967	Communist revolutionary, author	Guerrilla Warfare
Robert van Gulik	Netherlands	1910	1967	writer, diplomat, translator	The Chinese Maze Murders
Woody Guthrie	United States	1912	1967	singer-songwriter	This Land Is Your Land
Edward Hopper	United States	1882	1967	Painter	Nighthawks
Langston Hughes	United States	1902	1967	Writer	The Weary Blues
Lajos Kassák	Hungary	1887	1967	Poet, writer, painter
Margaret Kennedy	United Kingdom	1896	1967	Novelist, playwright	The Constant Nymph, Troy Chimneys
Joseph Kesselring	United States	1902	1967	playwright	Arsenic and Old Lace
Zoltán Kodály	Hungary	1882	1967	Composer, philosopher, ethnomusicologist	Psalmus Hungaricus
Wolfgang Köhler	Germany	1887	1967	Psychologist	The Mentality of Apes, Gestalt Psychology
Uruguay	1889	1967	Writer, journalist	Reyles
Douglas MacLean	United States	1890	1967	actor, writer	Mama Loves Papa
René Magritte	Belgium	1898	1967	Painter	The Difficult Crossing, The Treachery of Images
John Masefield	United Kingdom	1878	1967	Poet, novelist	The Everlasting Mercy, Sea-Fever
André Maurois	France	1885	1967	author	The Silence of Colonel Bramble
Carson McCullers	United States	1917	1967	Novelist, playwright, poet	The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, The Member of the Wedding
Edgar Neville	Spain	1899	1967	playwright, film director
J. Robert Oppenheimer	United States	1904	1967	Physicist, professor
Joe Orton	United Kingdom	1933	1967	Playwright	The Ruffian on the Stair, Entertaining Mr Sloane
Dorothy Parker	United States	1893	1967	Writer	Enough Rope
Violeta Parra	Chile	1917	1967	Composer, songwriter	Gracias a la Vida
Arthur Ransome	United Kingdom	1884	1967	Writer, journalist	Swallows and Amazons series
Otis Redding	United States	1941	1967	Singer, songwriter	Respect
Elmer Rice	United States	1892	1967	playwright	The Adding Machine, Street Scene
Gerhard Ritter	Germany	1888	1967	Historian	Luther: Gestalt und Symbol
José Martínez Ruiz	Spain	1873	1967	Novelist, essayist, literary critic	La ruta de Don Quijote, La voluntad, Antonio Azorín
Carl Sandburg	United States	1878	1967	Poet, writer, journalist	Abraham Lincoln: The War Years, Chicago Poems
Siegfried Sassoon	United Kingdom	1886	1967	poet, soldier, writer	Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man
Philippa Schuyler	United States	1931	1967	Journalist, pianist	Adventures in Black and White
Walter Terence Stace	United Kingdom	1886	1967	Philosopher, academic,	Mysticism and Philosophy
Billy Strayhorn	United States	1915	1967	Composer, lyricist	Take the "A" Train, Lush Life
Jean Toomer	United States	1894	1967	Poet, novelist	Cane
Pavlo Tychyna	Ukraine	1891	1967	poet, statesman,
Paul Whiteman	United States	1890	1967	Bandleader, composer	Flamin' Mamie
Ossip Zadkine	France	1890	1967	Artist	The Destroyed City
Wolfgang Zeller	Germany	1893	1967	Composer
João Guimarães Rosa	Brazil	1908	1967	Writer	Sagarana

Entering the public domain in Australia

In 2004 copyright in Australia changed from a "plus 50" law to a "plus 70" law, in line with America and the European Union. But the change was not made retroactive (unlike the 1995 change in the European Union which bought some e.g. British authors back into copyright, especially those who died from 1925 to 1944). Hence the work of an author who died before 1955 is normally in the public domain in Australia; but the copyright of authors was extended to 70 years after death for those who died in 1955 or later, and no more Australian authors will come out of copyright until 1 January 2026 (those who died in 1955).

Entering the public domain in the United States

The Copyright Term Extension Act means no published works would enter the public domain in this jurisdiction until 2019. Only unpublished works whose authors died in 1947 enter the public domain.

On January 26, 2018, Ludlow Music, the music publisher for We Shall Overcome, agreed in a legal settlement that the song is in the public domain.

On February 27, 2018, the video game One Hour One Life was released into the public domain.

See also

• List of countries' copyright lengths
• Public Domain Day
• Creative Commons
• Public Domain
• Over 300 public domain authors available in Wikisource (any language), with descriptions from Wikidata
• 1947 in literature, 1957 in literature, 1967 in literature and 1977 in literature

External links

• "Authors by Year of Death - 1947". AuthorAndBookInfo.com. http://www.authorandbookinfo.com/abyod/1947.htm.