Social:Attirampakkam
Attirampakkam or Athirampakkam (Tamil: அத்திரம்பாக்கம்) is a village located 60 kilometers away from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The oldest known stone tools in India were discovered near the village,[1][2] which became the type site for the Madrasian culture.[3] [4]
Discovery and dating of artifacts
A large number of stone tools were recovered from Attirampakkam over 20 years by archaeologists from the Sharma Centre for Heritage Education in India and other Indian institutions.[5] Due to the paucity of any hominine fossils or bones recovered yet from the site or from South Asia as a whole, it is currently not possible to conclude which hominin species had created these tools.[5]
By performing a luminescence dating method called post-Infrared-Stimulated Luminescence (pIR-IRSL) on about 7,200 artifacts found at Attirampakkam, researchers have made a chronology of Attirampakkam stone tool technology with a span of about 200,000 years.[6] Latest studies indicate that the Levallois technology used at Attirampakkam emerged at about 385,000 (± 64,000) years ago, at a time period when processes signifying the end of the Acheulian culture occurred and a Middle Palaeolithic culture had emerged.[1][6]
See also
- Acheulean industry
- Madrasian culture
- Jwalapuram
- South Asian Stone Age
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Akhilesh, Kumar; Pappu, Shanti; Rajapara, Haresh M.; Gunnell, Yanni; Shukla, Anil D.; Singhvi, Ashok K. (2018-01-31). "Early Middle Palaeolithic culture in India around 385–172 ka reframes Out of Africa models" (in En). Nature 554 (7690): 97–101. doi:10.1038/nature25444. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 29388951. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25444. Retrieved 2018-02-01.
- ↑ "Tools found in India suggest humans left Africa earlier than we thought" (in en-US). Quartz. https://qz.com/1195237/stone-tools-found-in-india-suggest-humans-left-africa-earlier-than-we-thought/.
- ↑ http://www.antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/pappu297/
- ↑ Ancient Stone Tools Found in Tamil Nadu Push Back ‘Out of Africa’ Exodus Date
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Becker, Rachel (2018-01-31). "Discovery of ancient stone tools rewrites the history of technology in India". The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2018/1/31/16955858/stone-tools-attirampakkam-india-hominins-human-evolution-levallois-acheulean-paleolithic.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Tarlach, Gemma (2018-01-31). "Stone Tools From India: Another Blow To Human Evolution Model?" (in en-US). Discover Magazine. http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/deadthings/2018/01/31/stone-tools-from-india.
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