Social:Chinese emperors family tree (late)

From HandWiki

This is a family tree of Chinese emperors from the Mongol conquest of 1279 to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912. Chinese emperors family tree (ancient) → Chinese emperors family tree (early)Chinese emperors family tree (middle)Chinese emperors family tree (late)

Yuan dynasty

The following is the Yuan dynasty family tree. Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire in 1206. The empire became split beginning with the succession war of his grandsons Kublai Khan and Ariq Boke. Kublai Khan, after defeating his younger brother Ariq Boke, founded the Yuan dynasty in China in 1271. The dynasty was overthrown by the Ming dynasty during the reign of Toghun Temür in 1368, but it survived in Mongolia, known as the Northern Yuan dynasty; years of reign over the Northern Yuan dynasty (up to 1388) are given in brackets.

It should be noted that the Mongol Great Khans (Khagans) before Kublai Khan were only declared Yuan emperors after the creation of Yuan dynasty in 1271.

Yesükhei Baghatur
File:Yesugei Baghatur.jpg
123 (1)4 (2)5 (3)6 (4)
BelguteiBekhterTemujin
Genghis Khan
~1162–1227

YuanEmperorAlbumGenghisPortrait.jpg
Taizu 太祖
Khagan:
r.1206–1227
HasarHachiunTemüge
1168–1246
1234
Jochi
Juchi Khan.JPG
c.1181–1227
Chagatai
75px
1183–1242
Ögedei Khan
~1186–1241

65px
Taizong 太宗
Khagan:
r. 1229–1241
Töregene
Great Khatun
1242–1246
Tolui
~1190–1232

Tolui Khan.jpg
Ruizong 睿宗
(Khagan:
r. 1227–1229)
11234
Oghul Qaimish
d. 1251
Khagan:
r.
1248–1251
Güyük Khan
~1206–1248

Guyuk.jpg
Dingzong 定宗
Khagan:
r. 1246–1248
Möngke Khan
~1208–1259

65px
Xianzong 憲宗
Khagan:
r. 1251–1259
Kublai Khan
1215–1294
67px
Khagan:
r. 1260–1271

Shizu 世祖
r.1271–1294
Hulagu
~1217–1265
75px
Ilkhan 1256–1265
Ariq Böke
d. 1266
Ariq Böke.jpg
Khagan:
r. 1260?
2
Zhenjin 真金
1243–1286

Yuzong 裕宗
123
Gammala
1263–1302
Xianzong 顯宗
Darmabala
d. 1292

Shunzong 順宗
Temür
Öljeytü Khan
1265–1307

YuanEmperorAlbumTemurOljeituPortrait.jpg
Chengzong 成宗
r.1294–1307
112
Yesün Temür Khan
1293–1328

Yesun.jpg
Taiding 泰定
r.1323–1328
Kayishan
Külüg Khan
1281–1311

65px
Wuzong 武宗
r.1307–1311
Ayurbarwada
Buyantu Khan
1286–1320

YuanEmperorAlbumAyurbarvadaBuyantuPortrait.jpg
Renzong 仁宗
r.1311–1320
1121
Ragibagh Khan
~1320–1328?

Ragibagh.jpg
Tianshun 天順
r.1328
Kuśala
Khutughtu Khan
1300–1329

65px
Mingzong 明宗
r.1329
Tugh Temür
Jayaatu Khan
1304–1332

70px
Wenzong 文宗
r.1328–1329;
1329–1332
Shidibala
Gegeen Khan
1303–1323

Gegeen.jpg
Yingzong 英宗
r.1321–1323
12
Toghun Temür
Ukhaantu Khan
1320–1370

Toghon.jpg
Huizong 惠宗
r.1333
–1368(–1370)
Rinchinbal Khan
1326–1332

YuanEmperorAlbumIrinchinbalPortrait.jpg
Ningzong 寧宗
1332
Northern
Yuan
dynasty
Ayushiridara
Biligtü Khan

Ayushirdari.jpg
Zhaozong 昭宗
r.1370–1378
Tögüs Temür
Uskhal Khan

Togus.jpg
Yizong 益宗
r.1378–1388

Ming dynasty and Southern Ming

The following is a simplified family tree for the Ming dynasty, which ruled China between 1368 and 1644.

Those who became emperor are listed in bold, with their years of reign. In China, Ming emperors are best known by their temple names, which are given second below, after the personal name. (The Jianwen Emperor was not awarded a temple name: his posthumous name, Huidi (惠帝), is used instead.) The names given in bold are era names, the form by which Ming emperors are most commonly known in English, but which technically refer to the timespan of an emperor's reign rather than to the emperor himself. (Xingzong and Ruizong are temple names: they never actually ruled, but Xingzong was posthumously granted an emperor's title and Ruizong was raised posthumously to the status of emperor by his son, the Jiajing Emperor, in the Great Rites Controversy.) The imperial family's original family name was Zhu (朱), but the Hongwu Emperor opted for the dynastic name Ming (明) (as were all but one imperial Chinese dynasties), meaning "brilliant". The numbers here indicate the seniority in birth of an emperor's sons as the Ming Dynasty was the only Chinese dynasty to have the eldest surviving son succeed the throne in continuous fashion (though not for the Yongle and Jingtai Emperors, both of whom usurped the throne; the Jiajing – see above, and Chongzhen Emperors – succeeded sonless brother), not unlike the Salic Law practised in some contemporary European monarchies (except that the eldest son by a non-principal consort was duly considered). After the fall of the dynasty in 1644 and the Chongzhen Emperor's suicide, a series of Ming princes based in the south of China claimed the imperial title, their court being known as the Southern Ming dynasty. These claimants are given with their era names, and the timespans of their purported reigns in brackets. Their purported periods of rule are given in brackets. In 1662, Koxinga regained control of Taiwan from the Dutch colonial regime, and established a state for those who wished restore the Ming dynasty to power. This state lasted until 1683, when it submitted to the Qing dynasty.

Legend:

  • - Ming dynasty emperors
  • - Southern Ming emperors
Zhu Yuanzhang
朱元璋
1328–1398

明太祖.jpg
Taizu 太祖
Hongwu 洪武
r.1368–1398
14101723
Zhu Biao 朱標
1355–1392
Xingzong 興宗
Zhu Di 朱棣
1360–1424

明太宗(成祖).jpg
Chengzu 成祖
Yongle 永樂
r.1402–1424
Zhu Tan
朱檀
1370–1389
Prince Huang
of Lu 魯荒王
Zhu Quan
朱權
1378–1448
Prince of
Ning 寧王
Zhu Jing
朱桱
1388–1415
Prince Ding
of Tang 唐定王
211
Zhu Yunwen 朱允炆
1377–1402?

Jianwen Emperor.jpg
Huidi 惠帝
Jianwen 建文
r.1398–1402
Zhu Gaochi 朱高熾
1378–1425

明仁宗.jpg
Renzong 仁宗
Hongxi 洪熙
r.1424–1425
Zhu Zhaohui
朱肇煇
1388–1466
Prince Jing
of Lu
Zhu Qiongda
朱瓊炟
d. 1475
Prince Xian
of Tang 唐憲王
1171
Zhu Wenkui
朱文奎
1396-?
Zhu Zhanji 朱瞻基
1399–1435

明宣宗.jpg
Xuanzong 宣宗
Xuande 宣德
r.1425–1435
Zhu Zhanyu
朱瞻墺
1409–1446
Prince Jing
of Huai 淮靖王
Zhu Taikan
朱泰堪
1412–1473
Prince Hui
of Lu 魯惠王
Zhu Zhizhi
朱芝址
d. 1485
Prince Zhuang
of Tang 唐莊王
121
Zhu Qizhen 朱祁鎮
1427–1464

明英宗.jpg
Yingzong 英宗
Zhengtong 正統
r.1435–1449
Tianshun 天順
r.1457–1464
Zhu Qiyu 朱祁鈺
1428–1457

Jingtai.jpg
Daizong 代宗
Jingtai 景泰
r.1449–1457
Zhu Qiquan
朱祁銓
1435–1502
Prince Kang
of Huai 淮康王
Zhu Yangzhu
朱陽鑄
1448–1523
Prince Zhuāng
of Lu 魯莊王
Zhu Miqian
朱彌鉗
Prince Gong
of Tang 唐恭王
11
Zhu Jianshen 朱見深
1447–1487

明憲宗.jpg
Xianzong 憲宗
Chenghua 成化
r.1464–1487
Zhu Jiandian
朱見澱
?–1502
Prince Duan
of Huai 淮端王
Zhu Dangcong
朱當漎
1473–1505
Prince Huai
of Lu 魯懷王
Zhu Yuwen
朱宇溫
d. 1560
Prince Jing
of Tang 唐敬王
341
Zhu Youtang 朱祐樘
1470–1505

明孝宗像.jpg
Xiaozong 孝宗
Hongzhi 弘治
r.1487–1505
Zhu Youyuan 朱祐杬
1476–1519

Ming Yejong.jpg
Ruizong 睿宗
Zhu Youkui
朱祐楑
1500–1537
Prince Zhuang
of Huai 淮莊王
Zhu Jianyi
朱健杙
1494–1520
Prince Dao
of Lu 魯悼王
Zhu Zhouyong
朱宙栐
d.1564
Prince Shun
of Tang 唐順王
121
Zhu Houzhao 朱厚照
1491–1521

明武宗画像.jpg
Wuzong 武宗
Zhengde 正德
r.1505–1521
Zhu Houcong 朱厚熜
1507–1567

明世宗.jpg
Shizong 世宗
Jiajing 嘉靖
r.1521–1567
Zhu Houchou
朱厚燽
1519–1563
Prince Xian
of Huai 淮宪王
朱觀𤊟
1520–1549
Prince Duan
of Lu 魯端王
Zhu Shuohuang
朱碩熿
d. 1632
Prince Duan
of Tang 唐端王
31
Zhu Zaihou 朱載垕
1537–1572

明穆宗.jpg
Muzong 穆宗
Longqing 隆慶
r.1567–1572
Zhu Zaijian
朱载坚
?–1595
Prince Shun
of Huai 淮顺王
Zhu Yitan
朱頤坦
?–1594
Prince Gong
of Lu 魯恭王
Zhu Qisheng
朱器墭
Prince Yu
of Tang 唐裕王
349
Zhu Yijun 朱翊鈞
1563–1620

明神宗.jpg
Shenzong 神宗
Wanli 萬曆
r.1572–1620
Zhu Yiliu
朱翊镠
1568–1614
Prince of Lu
Zhū Yiju
朱翊鉅
?–1616
Prince of Huai
淮王
Zhu Shouyong
朱壽鏞
?–1639
Prince Su
of Lu 魯肅王
Zhu Yujian 朱聿鍵
1602–1646
Long-wu.jpg
Prince of Tang
唐王

Longwu 隆武
1645–1646
Zhu Yuyue
朱聿𨮁
1605–1646
Prince of Tang 唐王

Shaowu 紹武
r.1646
13735
Zhu Changluo 朱常洛
1582–1620

明光宗.jpg
Guangzong 光宗
Taichang 泰昌
r.1620
Zhu Changxun
朱常洵
1586–1641
Prince Zhong
of Fu 福忠王
Zhu
Changying
朱常瀛
1601–1645
Prince Duan of Gui
桂端王
Zhu
Changfang

朱常淓
1608–1646
Prince of Lu 潞王
Zhu Changqing
朱常清
d.1649
Prince of Huai

Dongwu 東武
r.1648–1649
Zhu Yihai
朱以海
1618–1662

Gengyin
r.1645–1655
Zheng
Chenggong
鄭成功
1624–1662

Koxinga 國姓爺
Ruler of
the Tungning

r.1661–1662
1584
Zhu Youxiao 朱由校
1605–1627

明熹宗像.jpg
Xizong 熹宗
Tianqi 天啟
r.1620–1627
Zhu Youjian 朱由檢
1611–1644

Ming Chongzhen.jpg
Sizong 思宗
Chongzhen
崇禎

r.1627–1644
Zhu Yousong
朱由崧
1607–1646
Prince of Fu 福王

Hongguang
弘光
r.1644–1645
Zhu Youlang
朱由榔
1623–1662
Prince of Gui 桂王

Yongli 永曆
r.1646–1662
Zhu Honghuan
朱弘桓
Zhèng Shì
鄭氏

Qing dynasty

The following is a simplified family tree for the Qing dynasty, which ruled China between 1644 and the declaration of the Republic of China on January 1, 1912.

Those who became emperor of China are listed in bold, with their years of reign. Nurhaci and Hong Taiji were emperors of the dynasty, which at the time dominated the Manchuria region, but were not emperors of China as a whole; their years of reign over the dynasty are therefore given in brackets. The names given for emperors are era names, the form by which Qing emperors were most commonly known (with the exception of Puyi, who ruled as the Xuantong Emperor, but was generally known by his given name after his deposition). Puyi abdicated as head of state on February 12, 1912, but was permitted to retain his imperial titles until 1924. The imperial family's original Manchu clan name was Aisin Gioro (lit. "golden clan"). The dynasty was originally titled the Later Jin dynasty, in reference to its origins in the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty (1115–1234), by Nurhaci in 1616, but in 1636 Hong Taiji opted to replace this title with the Chinese dynastic title Qing (清), meaning "clear" or "pure".

  • - Qing dynasty emperors
  • - 1st generation of Iron Cap Princes
  • – – – - The dashed lines denotes the adoptions
Giocangga
覺昌安
d.1582
Taksi 塔剋世
d. 1583
Xianzu 顯祖
13
Nurhaci
努爾哈赤
1559–1626

Nurhaci.jpg
Taizu 太祖
r.1616–1626
Šurhaci
舒爾哈齊
1564–1611
Prince Zhuang
of the First Rank
莊親王
1278121314156
Cuyen
褚英
1580–1615
Crown Prince
Guanglue
廣略太子
Daišan 代善
1583–1648
Daisan.jpg
Prince Lilie
of the First Rank
禮烈親王
Abatai
阿巴泰
1589–1646
Prince Raoyu of
the Second Rank
Hong Taiji
皇太極
1592–1643

87px
Taizong 太宗
r.1626–1643
Ajige
阿濟格
1605–1651
Prince Ying
of the First Rank
Laimbu 賴慕布
1612–1646
Fuguo Gong
輔國公
Dorgon
多爾袞
1612–1650
87px
Prince Ruizhong
of the First Rank
睿忠親王
Dodo
多鐸
1614–1649
Dodo, Prince Yu.JPG
Prince Yutong of
the First Rank
豫通親王
Jirgalang
濟爾哈朗
1599–1655
Prince Zhengxian
of the First Rank
鄭獻親王
159
Yuetuo
岳托
1599–1639
Prince Keqin
of the Second Rank
克勤郡王
Sahalin
薩哈璘
1604–1636
Prince Yingyi
of the First Rank
穎毅親王
Hooge
豪格
1609–1647
Prince Suwu
of the First Rank
肅武親王
Shuosai
碩塞
1627–1654
Prince Chengzeyu
of the First Rank
承澤裕親王
Fulin 福臨
1638–1661

Shunzhi.jpg
Shunzhi 順治
Shizu 世祖
r.(1643–)1644
–1661
235
Lokodhui
勒剋德渾
1619–1652
Prince
Shunchenggonghui
of the Second Rank
順承恭惠郡王
Fuquan
福全
1653–1703
Prince Yuxian
of the First Rank
裕憲親王
Xuanye 玄燁
1654–1722

Young Kangxi.jpg
Kangxi 康熙
Shengzu 聖祖
r.1661–1722
Changning
常寧
1657–1703
Prince Gong
of the First Rank
恭親王
123489131417
Yunzhi
1672–1734
Prince Zhi
of the
Second Rank
直郡王
Yinreng 胤礽
1674–1725
Crown Prince Yinreng.jpg
Prince Limi
of the First Rank
理密親王
Yinzhi 胤祉
1677–1732
110px
Prince Chengyin
of the First Rank
誠隱親王
Yinzhen 胤禛
1678–1735

95px
Yongzheng
雍正

Shizong 世宗
r.1723–1735
Yinsi
胤禩
90px
1681–1726
Yuntang
允禟
75px
1683–1726
Yinxiang
胤祥
1686–1730
90px
Prince Yixian
of the First Rank
怡賢親王
Yinti 胤禵
1688–1756
75px
Prince Xunqin
of the Second
Rank 恂勤郡王
Yinli 胤禮
1697–1738
Yinli.jpg
Prince Guoyi
of the First Rank
果毅親王
345
Hongshi
弘時
1704–1727
Hongli 弘曆
1711–1799

Qianlong1.jpg
Qianlong 乾隆
Gaozong 高宗
1735–1796
Hongzhou
弘晝
1712–1765
Prince Hegong
of the First Rank
和恭親王
51517
Yongqi
永琪
1741–1766
Prince Rongchun
of the First Rank
榮純親王
Yongyan 顒琰
1760–1820

The Imperial Portrait of Emperor Jiaqing2.jpg
Jiaqing 嘉慶
Renzong 仁宗
r.1796–1820
Yonglin
永璘
1766–1820
Prince Qingxi
of the First Rank
慶僖親王
234
Minning 旻寧
1782–1850

清 佚名 《清宣宗道光皇帝朝服像》.jpg
Daoguang 道光
Xuanzong 宣宗
r.1820–1850
Miankai
绵恺
Prince Dun
of the First Rank
1795–1838
Mianxin
綿忻
Prince Rui
of the First Rank
1805–1828
Mianxing
綿性
Fuguo Gong
輔國公
45671
Yizhu 奕詝
1831–1861

Emperor Xianfeng.png
Xianfeng 鹹豐
Wenzong 文宗
r.1850–1861
Yicong
奕誴
1831–1889
90px
Prince Dunke
of the First Rank
惇恪親王
Yixin
奕訢
1833–1898
90px
Prince Gongzhong
of the First Rank
恭忠親王
Yixuan
奕譞
1840–1891
90px
Prince Chunxian
of the First Rank
醇賢親王
Yizhi
奕誌
1827–1850
Yikuang
奕劻
1838–1917
Hubert Vos's painting of Yikuang.jpg
Prince Qingmi
of the First Rank
慶密親王
121271
Zaichun 載淳
1856–1875

002-The Imperial Portrait of a Chinese Emperor called "Tongzhi".JPG
Tongzhi 衕治
Muzong 穆宗
r.1861–1875
Zaiyi 載漪
1856–1922
80px
Prince Duan
of the
Second Rank
端郡王
Zaitian 載湉
1871–1908

92px
Guangxu 光緒
Dezong 德宗
r.1875–1908
Zaifeng
載灃
1883–1951
85px
Prince Chun
of the First Rank
醇親王
Zaitao
載濤
80px
1887–1970
Beile 貝勒
Zaizhen
載振
1876–1947
Zaizhen(载振).jpg
Prince Qing
of the First Rank
124
Puyi 溥儀
1906–1967

Puyi (1922).jpg
Xuantong
宣統

r.1908–1912
Pujie 溥傑
1907–1994
Puren 溥任
1918–2015

References

External links