Social:Chontal Maya language

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Short description: Maya language of Tabasco, Mexico
Chontal Maya
Yokotʼan
Pronunciation[jɔʔkɔʔtʼan]
Native toMexico
RegionNorth central and southern Tabasco
EthnicityChontal Maya
Native speakers
61,000 (2020 census)[1]
Mayan
  • Cholan–Tzeltalan
    • Cholan
      • Chol–Chontal
        • Chontal Maya
Dialects
  • Nacajuca / Central Yokotʼan / Central Chontal of Tabasco
  • Tamulte / Eastern Yokotʼan / Eastern Chontal of Tabasco
  • Macuspana / Southern Yokotʼan / Southern Chontal
  • Centla / Northern Yokotʼan / Northern Chontal
Language codes
ISO 639-3chf
Glottologtaba1266[2]

Yokotʼan (self-denomination), also known as Chontal Maya, is a Maya language of the Cholan family spoken in 2020 by around 60,000 Chontal Maya people of the Mexican state of Tabasco.[1] According to the National Catalog of Indigenous Languages of Mexico-INALI, Yokotʼan has at least four dialects: Nacajuca (Central), Centla (Northern), Macuspana (Southern) and Tamulte (Eastern).

Distribution

The Chontal Maya are concentrated in 159 settlements in 5 municipalities of Tabasco (Brown 2005:122).

  • Centla
  • Centro
  • Jonuta
  • Macuspana
  • Nacajuca (comprising more than 50% of the Chontal Maya population)

Some Chontal settlements near the town of Nacajuca include (Brown 2005:116):

  • El Tigre
  • Saloya
  • Guatacaloa
  • Olcuatitan
  • Tucta
  • Mazatehuapa
  • Tapotzingo
  • Guaytalpa
  • San Simón
  • Tecoluta
  • Oxiacapue
  • Guadalupe
  • El Sitio
  • Tamulte

Some Chontal settlements in the northeastern Centla region include (Brown 2005:116):

  • Cuauhtemoc
  • Vicente Guerrero
  • Allende
  • Simón Sarlat
  • Quitin Arauz (on the Río Usumacinta)

Chontal settlements near Macuspana include Benito Juárez and Aquiles Serdan (Brown 2005).

Phonology

Consonants[3]
Bilabial Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n
Plosive/
Affricate 		voiceless p t ts tʃ k ʔ
glottalized pʼ tʼ tsʼ tʃʼ kʼ
voiced b d
Fricative s ʃ h
Tap/Flap ɾ
Approximant w l j
Vowels[3]
Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid e ɘ o
Open a

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lenguas indígenas y hablantes de 3 años y más, 2020 INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020.
  2. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Tabasco Chontal". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/taba1266. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Keller, Kathryn C.; Luciano G., Plácido (1997). Diccionario Chontal de Tabasco. Summer Institute of Linguistics. https://archive.org/details/rosettaproject_chf_phon-1. 

Brown, Denise Fay. 2005. "The Chontal Maya of Tabasco." In Sandstrom, Alan R., and Enrique Hugo García Valencia. 2005. Native peoples of the Gulf Coast of Mexico. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.

  • Keller, Kathryn C. and Plácido Luciano G., compilers. 1997. Diccionario Chontal de Tabasco.

Knowles, Susan Marie. 1984. "A descriptive grammar of Chontal Maya (San Carlos dialect)." Thesis (Ph. D.)--Tulane University, 1984.

"La lengua maya-chontal de Tabasco / [selección de textos y edición, Tomás Pérez Suárez]." 1984. Emiliano Zapata, Tabasco, Mexico : Editora Municipal, H. Ayuntamiento Constitucional (1983–1985), 1984.




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