Social:Community of shared future for mankind
A community of shared future for mankind (Chinese: 人類命運共同體) is a concept delivered by former Chinese Communist Party general secretary Hu Jintao and advocated by current general secretary Xi Jinping.[1] The concept is often translated as community of common destiny.[2][3]
Background
The Chinese government has raised the concept with an aim to build a new framework of international relations and promote and improve global governance.[4] Some analysts say this is the first major amendment on China’s foreign policy in more than four decades, shifting from being nation-oriented to focusing on the whole humankind.[5]
Usage
The concept first appeared in a report delivered by former Party General Secretary Hu Jintao to the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in November, 2012. In the report, Hu emphasized that "mankind has only one earth to live on, and countries have only one world to share" and called for the building of a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity by raising awareness about human beings sharing a community of common destiny. Hu envisioned a new type of more equitable and balanced global development partnership that would stick together in times of difficulty, both sharing rights and shouldering obligations, and boosting the common interests of mankind.[6]
When Xi Jinping met with foreigners for the first time after taking office as General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (paramount leader) in November 2012, he said that the international community has increasingly become a community of shared future with each having a stake in others; In the face of the complicated situation of the world economy and global problems, no country could possibly stay aloof by taking good care of itself alone.[7][8]
Xi first proposed the concept in an international arena at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations in March 2013, and raised it again in a speech to the World Economic Forum at Davos In January 2017, which "won him high credits at home and abroad".[9]
On October 12, 2017, "no first placement of weapons in outer space", a draft resolution on the prevention of an arms race in outer space approved by the First Committee of Disarmament and International Security of the 72nd Session of the UN General Assembly, reaffirmed that "practical measures should be examined and taken in the search for agreements to prevent an arms race in outer space in a common effort towards a community of shared future for humankind".[10][11]
On October 13, 2017,"Further practical measures for the prevention of an arms race in outer space", a draft resolution on the prevention of an arms race in outer space approved by the First Committee of Disarmament and International Security of the 72nd Session of the UN General Assembly, also mentioned "promoting and strengthening international cooperation in the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes, with the objective of shaping a community of shared future for mankind".[12]
On March 11, 2018, the constitutional amendment adopted at the first meeting of the 13th National People's Congress of China added a sentence that promoted the building of a community of shared future while developing diplomatic relations and economic and cultural exchanges with other countries.[13]
Chinese leaders and diplomats have been promoting this strategy and persuading the international community that China sticks to its peaceful development policy and has no intention to change the international order.[14]
References
- ↑ Diplomat, Charlotte Gao, The. "'A Community of Shared Future': One Short Phrase for UN, One Big Victory for China?" (in en-US). The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2017/11/a-community-of-shared-future-one-short-phrase-for-un-one-big-victory-for-china/.
- ↑ Mardell, Jacob (25 October 2017). "The 'Community of Common Destiny' in Xi Jinping's New Era". https://thediplomat.com/2017/10/the-community-of-common-destiny-in-xi-jinpings-new-era/.
- ↑ Zhang, Denghua (May 2018). "The Concept of ‘Community of Common Destiny’ in China's Diplomacy: Meaning, Motives and Implications". Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 5 (2): 196–207. doi:10.1002/app5.231.
- ↑ DING, Jun; CHENG, Hongjin (December 2017). "China's Proposition to Build a Community of Shared Future for Mankind and the Middle East Governance" (in en). Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 11 (4): 1–14. doi:10.1080/25765949.2017.12023314. ISSN 2576-5949.
- ↑ "The Rising Nepal: Community Of Shared Future For Mankind" (in en). http://therisingnepal.org.np/news/22680.
- ↑ "十八大报告全文英汉对照 Full text of Hu's report at 18th Party Congress". 2012-12-12. http://www.fjfao.gov.cn/wsbs/ggfwpt/fyzl/ssyy/201212/t20121212_1141709_10.htm.
- ↑ 求是理论网. "人类命运共同体的价值观基础". http://www.qstheory.cn/zxdk/2013/201304/201302/t20130207_210895.htm.
- ↑ "听，习总书记论改革开放". http://news.cctv.com/2018/04/17/ARTI4bMhkxlYm0tGLarTdU5W180417.shtml.
- ↑ Diplomat, Charlotte Gao, The. "'A Community of Shared Future': One Short Phrase for UN, One Big Victory for China?" (in en-US). The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2017/11/a-community-of-shared-future-one-short-phrase-for-un-one-big-victory-for-china/.
- ↑ "Seventy-Second Session of the General Assembly – UNODA" (in en-US). https://www.un.org/disarmament/meetings/firstcommittee-72/.
- ↑ "United Nations Official Document". http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/C.1/72/L.53.
- ↑ "United Nations Official Document". http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/C.1/72/L.54.
- ↑ "（两会受权发布）中华人民共和国宪法修正案-新华网". http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2018lh/2018-03/11/c_1122521235.htm?baike.
- ↑ Zhang, Denghua (2018-04-16). "The Concept of 'Community of Common Destiny' in China's Diplomacy: Meaning, Motives and Implications" (in en). Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 5 (2): 196–207. doi:10.1002/app5.231. ISSN 2050-2680.
Further reading
- Lingliang, Zeng (19 August 2016). "Conceptual Analysis of China’s Belt and Road Initiative: A Road towards a Regional Community of Common Destiny". Chinese Journal of International Law 15 (3): 517–541. doi:10.1093/chinesejil/jmw021.
- Liu, Hong; Zhang, Yuxuan (6 November 2018). "Building a community of shared future for humankind -- an ethnological perspective". International Journal of Anthropology and Ethnology 2 (1). doi:10.1186/s41257-018-0015-1.
- Smith, Stephen N. (5 September 2018). "Community of common destiny: China’s "new assertiveness" and the changing Asian order". International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 73 (3): 449–463. doi:10.1177/0020702018790278.
- Yang, Chengcheng; Yuan, Jianhong (December 2018). "Construction of Culture Soft Power and a Community of Shared Future". Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala 63: 54–69. https://www.rcis.ro/en/section1/151-volumul-632018decembrie/2488-construction-of-culture-soft-power-and-a-community-of-shared-future.html.
- Yu, Lei (November 2018). "China's Expanding Security Involvement in Africa: A Pillar for ‘China-Africa Community of Common Destiny’". Global Policy 9 (4): 489–500. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12585.
- Zhang, Denghua (May 2018). "The Concept of ‘Community of Common Destiny’ in China's Diplomacy: Meaning, Motives and Implications". Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 5 (2): 196–207. doi:10.1002/app5.231.
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