Social:Family tree of Chinese monarchs (middle)

From HandWiki
Short description: Family tree

This is a family tree of Chinese monarchs from the Northern and Southern dynasties period to the collapse of the Southern Song dynasty.


Southern and Northern Dynasties

Liu Song

Southern Qi

Liang dynasty and Western Liang

Chen dynasty

Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei

Tuoba / Yuan clan, Wei emperors family tree

Legend:

  • – Northern Wei emperors
  • – Western Wei emperors
  • – Eastern Wei emperors
  • – Northern Wei throne pretenders
See Tuoba clan
Dai state
family tree
Tuoba Gui
Daowu
371–386–409
Tuoba Xi
399–421
Tuoba Si
Mingyuan
392–409–423
Tuoba Ta
416–488
Tuoba Tao
Taiwu
408–423–452
Yuan ZhongkuiTuoba Huang
428–451
Tuoba Yu
452
Yuan Faseng
453–536
Tuoba Jun
Wencheng
440–452–465
Tuoba Zhen
447–496
Tuoba Hong
Xianwen
454–465–
471
–476
Yuan YiYuan Bin
464–499
Tuoba Hong
Xiaowen
467–471–499
Yuan Yu
470–501
Yuan Yong
d. 528
Yuan Xiang
476–504
Yuan Xie
d. 508
Yuan Ye
530–531;
d. 532
Yuan Rong
481–526
Yuan Ke
Xuanwu
483–499–515
Yuan Xun
483–497
Yuan Yu
488–508
Yuan Yi
487–520
Yuan Huai
488–517
Yuan Yue
494–532
Yuan XinYuan Gong
Jiemin
498–531–532
Yuan Yu
d. 555
Yuan Hao
d. 529
Yuan Shao
d. 528
Yuan Ziyou
Xiaozhuang
507–528–531
Yuan Lang
513–531–532
Yuan Xu
Xiaoming
510–515–528
Yuan BaohuiYuan Baoju
Wen
507–535–551
Yuan Dan
d. 537
Yuan Ti
506–528
Yuan Xiu
Xiaowu
510–532–535
Yuan
Huangtou
daughter
b./r. 528
Yuan Zhao
526–528
Yuan Qin
Fei
551–554
Yuan Kuo
Gong
537–554–
556
–557
Yuan Shanjian
Xiaojing
524–534–
550
–552
Yuan Zan

Northern Qi

Northern Zhou

Sui dynasty

The following is a simplified family tree for the Sui dynasty (隋朝), which ruled China between AD 581 and 618. The dynasty was named for the family title: the Yang (楊) family were the Dukes of Sui.

Those who became emperor are listed in bold, with their years of reign large. The names given for emperors are posthumous names, the form by which Sui emperors were most commonly known.


Tang and Wu Zhou dynasties

The following is a simplified family tree for the Tang dynasty (唐朝), which ruled China between AD 618 and 907. The Tang dynasty was interrupted by the reign of Empress Wu Zetian (AD 690–705), who after deposing her sons, declared herself the founder of a Wu Zhou dynasty (武周); the Tang dynasty was resumed by her sons following her abdication. The dynasty was named for the family title: the Li (李) family were the Dukes of Tang.

The names given in bold for emperors are temple names, the form by which Tang emperors were most commonly known (with the exception of Shangdi/Shaodi (殤帝 / 少帝), whose posthumous titles mean simply "died young" and "the young emperor", and Aidi (哀帝), also known as Zhaoxuan (昭宣), neither of whom were awarded temple names). The names of Xuánzōng I (玄宗) and Xuānzōng II (宣宗) are originally different in Mandarin Chinese, but are rendered the same in Pinyin English transliteration (once the tones have been removed).

Tang and Wu Zhou dynasties

The Tang emperors claimed descent from people such as Li Guang and Laozi

Li Yuan 李淵 566–635
TangGaozu.jpg
Gaozu 高祖
618–6261
124
Li Jiancheng
李建成 589–626
Cr. Prince Yin 隱太子
Li Shimin 李世民 598–649
TangTaizong.jpg
Taizong 太宗
626–6492
Li Yuanji 李元吉
603–626
Prince of Qi 齊王
Wu Shiyue 武士彠
559–635
King Zhongxiao 忠孝王
13489WU ZHOU DYNASTY
Li Chengqian
李承乾 619–645
Prince Min of
Hengshan 恆山愍王
Li Ke 李恪
d. 653
Prince of Yulin 鬱林王
Li Tai 李泰
618–652
Prince Gong
of Pu 濮恭王
Li Zhen 李貞
d. 688
Prince Jing
of Yue 越敬王
Li Zhi 李治 628–683
Gaozong of Tang.jpg
Gaozong 高宗

649–6833
Wu Zhao 武曌 624–705
Wu Zetian 武則天
690–7051(6)
145 (1)6 (2)7 (3)8 (4)(6)
Li Zhong 李忠
643–665
Prince of Yan 燕王
Li Sujie 李素節
646–690
Prince of Xu 許王
Li Hong 李弘
652–675

Xiaojing 孝敬
Li Xian
李賢 653–684
Cr. Prince Zhanghuai
章懷太子
Li Xian 李顯 656–710
Tang Zhongzong.png
Zhongzong 中宗
684, 705–7104
Li Dan 李旦 662–716
Tang Ruizong.png
Ruizong 睿宗
684–690,
710–7125
Princess Taiping
太平公主
665(?)–713
2123413
Li Shouli 李守礼
672–741
Cr. Prince Xima
Li Chongrun
李重潤 682–701
Cr. Prince Yide
懿德太子
Li Chongfu 李重福
680–710
Prince Qiao 譙王
Li Chongjun 李重俊
d. 707
Cr. Prince Jiemin
節愍太子
Li Chongmao 李重茂
695/698–714

Shangdi 殤帝
7107
Li Guo'er 李裹兒
684(?)–710

Princess Anle
安樂公主
Li Chengqi 李成器
679–742

Rangdi 讓帝
Li Longji 李隆基 685–762
Tang XianZong.jpg
Xuanzong 玄宗
712–7568
112316
Li Chenghong
李承宏
Pr. of Guangwu 廣武王

Emperor in Chang'an
763
Li Cong 李琮
d. 752

Fengtian 奉天
Li Ying 李瑛
d. 737
Crown Prince
Li Heng 李亨 711–762
TangSuzong.jpg
Suzong 肅宗
756–7629
Li Lin 李璘
d. 757
Prince of Yong 永王
139
Li Yu 李豫 727–779
Tang Daizong.jpg
Daizong 代宗
762–77910
Li Tan 李倓
d. 757

Chengtian 承天
Li Guang
李僙 d. 791
Prince of Xiang
11
Li Gua 李适 742–805
Tang Dezong.jpg
Dezong 德宗
779–80511
Li Xuan 李宣
Prince of Yiwu
伊吾郡王
1
Li Song 李誦 761–806
Shunzong 順宗
80512
1
Li Chun 李純 778–820
TangXianzong.jpg
Xianzong 憲宗
805–82013
Li Yun 李熅 d. 887
Prince of Xiang 襄王
Emperor in Chang'an
886–887
13613
Li Ning 李寧
793–812
Cr. Prince Huizhao
Li Heng 李恆 795–824
Muzong.jpg
Muzong 穆宗
820–82414
Li Wu 李悟
d. 826
Prince of Jiàng 絳王
Li Chen 李忱 810–859
Tangxuanzong.jpg
Xuānzong 宣宗
846–85918
1234515
Li Zhan 李湛 809–827
Jingzong 敬宗
824–82715
Li Ang 李昂 809–840
TangWenzongAlt.jpg
Wenzong 文宗
827–84016
Li Cou
李湊 d. 835
Cr. Prince Huaiyi
Li Rong 李溶
812–840
Prince of An 安王
Li Yan 李炎 814–846
65px
Wuzong 武宗
840–84617
Li Cui 李漼 833–873
TangYizong.jpg
Yizong 懿宗
859–87319
Li Zi
李滋 d. 897
Prince of Tong 通王
1157
Li Pu 李普 824–828
Cr. Prince Daohuai
悼懷太子
Li Chengmei
李成美 d. 840
Prince of Chen 陳王
Li Yong 李永 d. 838
Cr. Prince Zhuangke
莊恪太子
Li Xuan 李儇 862–888
Xizong 僖宗
873–88820
Li Yue 李曄 867–904Zhaozong.jpg

Zhaozong 昭宗
888–90421
19
Li Yu 李裕 d. 905
Prince of De 德王
Li Zhu 李柷 892–908
Aidi 哀帝 or
Zhaoxuan 昭宣
904–90722

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period

The fifty years between the fall of the Tang dynasty and the establishment of the Song dynasty were a time of upheaval known as the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. During this period, five short-lived imperial dynasties ruled the heart of China, while a series of small independent kingdoms were established in the south.

五代君主家族樹(簡略版).jpg

Later Liang

The Later Liang ruled between 907 and 923.


Later Tang

The Later Tang ruled between 923 and 937.


Later Jin

The Later Jin ruled between 936 and 947.

Later Han and Northern Han

The Later Han ruled between 947 and 951. Liu Min, brother of Emperor Gaozu the founder of the Later Han, established the Northern Han kingdom, which ruled the area north of the Chinese heartland until it was overrun by Emperor Taizong of Song in 979.


Later Zhou

The Later Zhou ruled between 951 and 960.

Former Shu

Former Shu
Wang Jian 王建 847–918
Gaozu 高祖
907–918
Wang Yan 王衍 899–925
Houzhu 后主
918–925

Later Shu

The Later Shu kingdom gained independence from the Later Tang in 934, remaining an independent state until conquered by the Song dynasty in 965.


Wu and Southern Tang

The Wu kingdom existed as an independent state 907–937. In 937 Li Bian (also known as Xu Zhigao), at one point an adopted son of Yang Xingmi and later the adopted son of the paramount general Xu Wen, usurped power and established the Southern Tang kingdom, which remained an independent state until conquered by the Song dynasty in 975.


Wuyue

Min

Ma Chu

Southern Han

Jingnan

Song dynasty

The following is a simplified family tree for the Song dynasty, which ruled China between 960 and 1279. The names given are temple names, the form by which Song Emperors are most commonly known (with the exception of the last emperor, Bing, who is simply known by his given name). The Song dynasty is often divided into the Northern Song (960–1127), which ended when the Song lost control of Northern China to the Jin dynasty, and the Southern Song (1127–1279).

Song dynasty

– Northern Song emperors
– Southern Song emperors
A dashed line denotes an adoption

Zhao Hongyin
趙弘殷 899–956
Song Xuanzu.jpg
Xuanzu 宣祖
23
Zhao Kuangyin 趙匡胤
927–976

Song Taizu.jpg
Taizu 太祖
960–976
Zhao Guangyi 趙光義
939–997

Taizong of Song.jpg
Taizong 太宗
976–997
2434
Zhao Dezhao
趙德昭 951–979
Prince Yi of Yan 燕懿王
Zhao Defang
趙德芳 959–981
Prince Kanghui
of Qin 秦康惠王
Zhao Heng 趙恆
968–1022

Portrait assis de l'empereur Song Zhenzong.jpg
Zhenzong 真宗
997–1022
Zhao Yuanfen
趙元份 969–1005
Prince Gongjing
of Shang 商恭靖王
2263
Zhao Weiji
趙惟吉 966-1010
Prince Ji 冀王
Zhao Weixian
趙惟憲
979–1016

Duke of Ying 英國公
Zhao Zhen 趙禎
1010–1063

Renzong.jpg
Renzong 仁宗
1022–1063
Zhao Yunrang
趙允讓 995–1059
Prince Anyi of Pu 濮安懿王
4313
Zhao Shoudu 趙守度
Marquess of Lujiang 庐江侯
Zhao Congyu 趙從郁
Marquess of Xinxing 新興侯
Zhao Shu 趙曙 1032–1067
Song Yingzong 1.jpg
Yingzong 英宗
1063–1067
1
Zhao Shikuo 趙世括
Duke of Jia 嘉国公
Zhao Shijiang 趙世將
Marquess of Huayin 華陰侯
Zhao Xu 趙頊 1048–1085
Shenzong.jpg
Shenzong 神宗
1067–1085
611
Zhao Lingjia 趙令稼
Duke of Fang 房国公
Zhao Linghua 趙令譮
Duke of Qing 慶國公
Zhao Xu 趙煦
1076–1100

Zhezong.jpg
Zhezong 哲宗
1085–1100
Zhao Ji 趙佶 1082–1135
File:Seated Portrait of Emperor Song Huizong.tif
Huizong 徽宗
1100–1126
19
Zhao Zishi 趙子奭
Duke of Wu 吳國公
Zhao Zicheng
趙子偁 d.1143
Prince Anxi of Xiu 秀安僖王
Zhao Huan 趙桓
1100–1161

Songqinzong Chinghong.jpg
Qinzong 欽宗
1126–1127
Zhao Gou 趙構 1107–1187
Song Gaozong.png
Gaozong 高宗
1127–1162
2
Zhao Bowu 趙伯旿
Duke of Yi 益國公
Zhao Shen 趙昚 1127–1194
Xiaozong.jpg
Xiaozong 孝宗
1162–1189
3
Zhao Shiyi 趙師意
Duke of Zhao 趙國公
Zhao Dun 趙惇 1147–1200
Guangzong.jpg
Guangzong 光宗
1189–1194
2
Zhao Xilu 趙希瓐
Prince Rong 榮王
Zhao Kuo 趙擴 1168–1224
Song Ningzong 1.png

Ningzong 寧宗
1194–1224
12
Zhao Yun 趙昀 1205–1264
Song Lizong.jpg
Lizong 理宗
1224–1264
Zhao Yurui
趙與芮 1207–1287
Prince Rong 榮王
Zhao Mengqi 趙孟启 1240–1274
Duzong.jpg
Duzong 度宗
1264–1274
123
Zhao Shi 趙昰 1268–1278
ZhaoShiDuanzong.png
Duanzong 端宗
1276–1278
Zhao Xian 趙顯 1271–1323
65px
Gongdi 恭帝
1274–1276
Zhao Bing 趙昺
1271–1279

Song Modi.jpg
Bing 昺
1278–1279

Liao, Jin, Western Xia dynasties

Liao dynasty

The following is a simplified family tree for the Liao dynasty, which ruled much of northern China between 907 and 1125. The names given are temple names, the form by which Liao Emperors are most commonly known (with the exception of the last emperor, Tianzuodi, who was not awarded a temple name).

Yelü clan - Liao dynasty
  • – Northern Liao rulers
  • – Western Liao rulers
  • – Tribal leaders
Yelü Nieli 耶律涅里
Yelü Pidie 耶律毗牒
Yelü Keling 耶律頦領
Yelü Noulisi 耶律耨里思
Suzu 肅祖
Yelü Salade 耶律薩剌德
Yizu 辽懿祖
Yelü Yundeshi
耶律勻德實
Xuanzu 辽玄祖
Yelü Saladi 耶律撤剌的
Dezu 辽德祖
Yelü Abaoji 耶律阿保機
Taizu 太祖
872–907–926
Yelü Anduan
耶律安端
?–947–952
Yelü Bei 耶律倍
Yizong 辽义宗
899–926-
930
–937
Queen Xiao
of Dongdan Kingdom
人皇王妃萧氏
?–930–940
Yelü Deguang 耶律德光
Taizong 太宗
902–926–947
Yelü Lihu 耶律李胡
911–960
Zhangsudi 辽章肃帝
Yelü Ruan 耶律阮
Shizong 世宗
918–947–951
Yelü Jing 耶律璟
Muzong 穆宗
931–951–969
Yelü Xian 耶律賢
Jingzong 景宗
948–969–982
Yelü Longxu 耶律隆緒
Shengzong 聖宗
971–982–1031
Yelü Zongzhen
耶律宗真

Xingzong 興宗
1015–1031–1055
Liáo sì
Yuándì 辽嗣元帝
Yelü Hongji 耶律洪基
Daozong 道宗
1032–1055–1101
Yelü Hélǔwò 耶律和魯斡
仁圣皇太叔
?–1110
Yelü Āliǎn 耶律阿璉
?–1087
Yelü Jun 耶律浚
1057–1077

Shunzong 顺宗
Yelü Chun 耶律淳
Xuanzong 宣宗
1062–1122
Empress Dowager
Xiao Puxiannü
蕭普賢女 ?–1122
Yelü Zhulie 耶律朮烈
Yingzong 英宗
?–1123
Yelü Dashi 耶律大石
Dezong 德宗
1087–1124–1143
Xiao Tabuyan 蕭塔不煙
Empress Gantian 感天皇后
?–1143–1150
Yelü Yangxi 耶律延禧
1075–1128

Tianzuodi 天祚帝
1101–1125
Empress Dowager
Xiao Feng
蕭德妃 ?–1122–1123
Yelü Yilie 耶律夷列
Renzong 仁宗
?–1150–1163
Yelü Pusuwan 耶律普速完
Empress Dowager
Chengtian 承天太后

?–1163–1178
Yelü Yali 耶律雅里
1094–1123
Yelü Ding
?–1122–1123
Yelü Zhilugu 耶律直魯古
Mozhu 末主 / Modi 末帝
?–1178–1211–1213
Taibuqa
Tayang Khan of Naimans
?–1211
Princess Húnhū
渾忽公主
Küçlüg 屈出律
Usurper of Qara Khitai
?–1211–1218

Jin dynasty

The following is a simplified family tree for the Jin dynasty. Arising from a family of Jurchen chieftains (whose inaugural years of rule are given in brackets), the dynasty was declared by Aguda in 1115; in 1125 his successor Wuqimai conquered the Liao dynasty. The Jin ruled much of northern China until their conquest by the Mongol Empire 1234. They were the cultural 'ancestors' of the Qing dynasty, which was initially named the Later Jin in recognition of this heritage. The names given are temple names, the form by which Jin emperors are most commonly known (with the exceptions of the Prince of Hailing, Prince Shao of Wei and Emperor Mo; these are posthumous names, as temple names were not awarded).

Emperors family tree
Hanpu 函普
Shizu 始祖
Wulu 烏魯
Emperor De 德皇帝
Bahai 跋海
Emperor An 安皇帝
Suike 綏可
Xianzu 獻祖
Shilu 石魯
Zhaozu 昭祖
Wugunai 烏骨迺
Jingzu 景祖
~1050–(1021–)1074
Helibo 劾里缽
Shizu 世祖
1039–(1074–)1092
Polashu 頗刺淑
Suzong 肅宗
1042–(1092–)1094
Yingge 盈歌
Muzong 穆宗
1053–(1094–)1103
Hezhe
劾者
d. 1121
Wuyashu 烏雅束
Kangzong 康宗
1061–(1103–)1113
Aguda 阿骨打
Taizu 太祖
1068–(1113–)1115–1123
Wuqimai 吳乞買
Taizong 太宗
1075–1123–1135
Sagai
撒改
Wanyan Zongjun 完顏宗峻 d. 1124
Huizong 徽宗
Wanyan Zonggan 完顏宗幹 d. 1141
Dezong 德宗
Wanyan Zongfu 完顏宗輔
1096–1135

Ruizong 睿宗
Nianhan
粘罕
1080–1136
Hela 合剌
Xizong 熙宗
1119–1135–1149
Wanyan Liang 完顏亮
Pr. of Hailing 海陵王
1122–1149–1161
Wanyan Yong 完顏雍
Shizong 世宗
1123–1161–1189
Wanyan Yungong 完顏允恭
1146–1185

Xianzong 顯宗
Wanyan Yongji 完顏永濟
Pr. Shao
of Wei 衛紹王

1168–1209–1213
Wanyan Jing 完顏璟
Zhangzong 章宗
1168–1190–1208
Wanyan Xun 完顏珣
Xuanzong 宣宗
1163–1213–1224
Wanyan Shouxu 完顏守緒 1234
Aizong 哀宗
1198–1224–1234
Wanyan Chenglin 完顏承麟
Emperor Mo 末帝
r. 1234; d. 1234

Western Xia and Dingnan Jiedushi

The following is a family tree of the military governor (Jiedushi) of Dingnan Circuit, the region that eventually evolved into the independent state of Western Xia, that existed between 1038 and 1227, followed by the family tree of the Western Xia emperors.

The Tuoba clan of the Xianbei of Tuyuhun founded the Western Xia. After the Tibetans destroyed the Tuyuhun in 670, its famous prince, Tuoba Chici, who controlled the Dangxiang Qiang submitted to the Tang, which "bestowed" upon him the royal name of Li (李). Towards the end of the Tang, the Tuoba brought troops to suppress the Huang Chao Rebellion (874–884) on behalf of the Tang court and took control of the Xia State, or Xia Zhou, in northern Shaanxi in 881. After the Tang fell in 907, the Tuoba descendants formally declared resistance against the expanding Northern Song in 982 and proclaimed independence to establish the Western Xia in 1038.

The foundation of Western Xia goes back to the year 982 under Li Jiqian. However, only in 1038 did the Tangut chieftain Li Yuanhao (son of Li Deming, named himself emperor of Da Xia and demanded the Song emperor recognise him as an equal. The Song court recognised Li Yuanhao as governor but not as "emperor", a title it regarded as exclusive to the Song emperor. After intense diplomatic contacts, in 1043 the Tangut state accepted the recognition of the Song emperor as emperor in exchange for annual gifts, which implied tacit recognition on the part of the Song of the military power of the Tanguts.

Family tree of the Western Xia emperors and the rulers of Dingnan
Possibly
Dai state
ancestor?
(family)
skipped
generations
Li/Tuoba Chici
李/拓跋赤辭
?–?–634–?
skipped
generations
Template:Colour
Tuoba Chongjian
拓跋重建
Li Sijing
李思敬
Li/Tuoba Sigong
李/拓跋思恭
?v881–886
Li Siyao
李思瑶
Li Sixiao
李思孝
Li Sijian
李思諫
?–895–896–908
Li Sizhong
李思忠
Li Renyou
李仁祐
Li Chengqing
李成庆
896–?
Li Renfu
李仁福
?–909–931
Li Renyan
李仁颜
Li Yiyun
李彝氲
Li Yixing
李彝興
?–935–967
Li Yichao
李彝超
?–933–935
Li Yiwen
李彝温
Li Yimin
李彝敏
d. 943
Li Yijin
李彝谨
Li Yijun
李彝俊
Li Yichang
李彝昌
?–908–909/910
Li Yijing
李彝景
Li Kexian
李克宪
Li Guangmei
李光美
Li Guangsui
李光遂
Li Kerui
李克睿
935–967–978
Li Kexin
李克信
Li Guanglian
李光琏
Li Guangyi
李光义
Li Guangyan
李光俨
Li Guangpu
李光普
Li Guangxin
李光新
Li Kewen
李克文
Li Jiyun
李继筠
957–978–979
Li Jipeng 李继捧
957–980–982
988–994–1004
Li Guangxiu
李光琇
Li Guanglin
李光璘
Li Guangcong
李光琮
Li Jiqian
李繼遷
963–982–1004
Li JichongLi Jiyuan
李继瑗
Liyongge
李永哥
Li Pilu
李丕禄
Li Deming
李德明
981–1004–1032
Template:Colour
Li Yuanhao 李元昊
1003–1048

Jingzong
r. 1038–10481
Li Chengyu
李成遇
Li Chengwei
嵬名锡狸嵬名阿哩嵬名寧明嵬名寧令哥Li Liangzuo 李諒祚
(1047–1068)

Yizong
r. 1048–10682
Li Bingchang 李秉常
1061–1086

Huizong
嵬名秉常
r. 1068–10863
Li Qianshun 李乾順
(1084–1139)

Chongzong
r. 1086–11394
嵬名察哥
Li Renxiao 李仁孝
(1124–1193)

Renzong 仁宗
r. 1139–11935
Li Renyou
李仁友
Li Yanzong
李彦宗
Li Chunyou 李純佑
(1177–1206)

Huanzong 桓宗
r. 1193–12066
Li Anquan 李安全
1170–1211

Xiangzong 襄宗
r. 1206–12117
Li Zunxu 李遵頊
(1163–1226)

Shenzong 神宗
r. 1211–12238
嵬名承祯
Li Deren
李德任
Li Dewang 李德旺
(1181–1226)

Xianzong 獻宗
r. 1223–12269
清平郡王
Li Xian 李睍
(d. 1227)

Modi/
Mozhu

r. 1226–122710

References