Social:List of civil defense ranks

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Civil defense agencies and organizations are structured differently around the world. Civil Defense is dedicated to protecting civilians from military attacks, as well as to providing rescue services after natural and human-made disasters.

Australia

New South Wales State Emergency Service

NSW SES Rank Insignia.png

Queensland State Emergency Service

Community
Member		 Field Operations
Member		 Senior Field
Operations Member		 Leading Field
Operations Member		 Deputy
Group Leader		 Group Leader Deputy
Local Controller		 Local Controller
Qld-ses-Community Member.png 50px 50px 50px 50px 50px 50px QSES-Local Controller 2018.png
SES Officer
Grade One		 SES Officer
Grade Two		 Area Director Executive
Manager		 Regional Director *SES Assistant Commissioner
Qld-ses-SES Officer Grade One.png 50px 50px 50px 50px Rankslide - Blank.jpg

*Prior to the establishment of the Queensland Fire & Emergency Service in 2013, the State Emergency Service used to have the ranks of Deputy Chief Officer and Chief Officer.

Victoria State Emergency Service

Volunteers
Section Leader Deputy Controller Unit Controller
Staff
Operations Officer Operations Manager Assistant Chief Officer Deputy Chief Officer Chief Officer

Belgium

Belgian Civil Protection

Superior officers Officers
CB Kolonel 001.jpg CB Luitenant-Kolonel 001.jpg CB Majoor 001.jpg CB Commandant 001.jpg CB Kapitein 001.jpg CB Luitenant 001.jpg
Colonel
Kolonel 		Lieutenant-colonel
Luitenant-Kolonel 		Major
Majoor 		Capitaine-commandant
Kapitein-Commandant 		Capitaine
Kapitein 		Lieutenant
Luitenant
NCOs Enlisted
CB Adjudant 001.jpg CB Sergeant 001.jpg CB Korporaal 001.jpg CB Sappeur 001.jpg
Adjudant
Adjudant 		Sergent
Sergeant 		Caporal
Korporaal 		Sapeur
Sappeur
Specialists
CB Vrijwilliger-Specialist 4 001.jpg CB Vrijwilliger-Specialist 3 001.jpg CB Vrijwilliger-Specialist 2 001.jpg CB Vrijwilliger-Specialist 1 001.jpg
Spécialiste de niveau 4
Vrijwilliger-Specialist 4 		Spécialiste de niveau 3
Vrijwilliger-Specialist 3 		Spécialiste de niveau 2
Vrijwilliger-Specialist 2 		Spécialiste de niveau 1
Vrijwilliger-Specialist 1
Source:[1]

Denmark

Danish Emergency Management Agency[2]

Officers
Directors Officers
Denmark-DEMA-Direktør.svg Denmark-DEMA-Vicedirektør.svg Denmark-DEMA-Brigadechef.svg Denmark-DEMA-Kolonnechef.svg Denmark-DEMA-Sektionschef.svg Denmark-DEMA-Sektionsleder.svg Denmark-DEMA-Korpsmester.svg Denmark-DEMA-Mester af reserven.svg
Direktør Vicedirektør Brigadechef Kolonnechef Sektionschef Sektionsleder Korpsmester Mester Mester af reserven
(reserves)
NCO
NCOs
Denmark-DEMA-Chefsergent.svg Denmark-DEMA-Seniorsergent.svg Denmark-DEMA-Oversergent.svg Denmark-DEMA-Sergent.svg Denmark-DEMA-Sergent (til pligtig tjeneste).svg
Chefsergent Seniorsergent Oversergent Sergent Sergent
(national serviceman)
Civil Defence Corps 1972 [3]
Civilforsvarskorpsets gradstegn 1972.jpg

Germany

Technisches Hilfswerk [4]

Volunteers
Head of Local Branch
(Ortsbeauftragter) 		Deputy Head of Local Branch
(Stv. Ortsbeauftragter) 		Training and Qualification Officer (Ausbildungsbeauftragter)
Expert Advisor (Fachberater) 		Youth Activity Leader (Jugendbetreuer)
Maintenance Officer (Schirrmeister)
Public Relations and Volunteers Recruitment Officer (Beauftragter für Öffentlichkeitsarbeit)
Administration Officer (Verwaltungsbeauftragter)
Cook (Koch)
Dst.-Kennz. Ortsbeauftragter 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Stv. Ortsbeauftragter 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. AB, FB 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. JB, BÖ, SM, VwBe, Koch 2013.svg
Technical Platoons & Technical Units
Technical Platoon Leader (Zugführer)
Team Leader Logistics Unit(Leiter der Fachgruppe Logistik)
Team Leader Command and Communications
(Leiter der Fachgruppe Führung/Kommunikation) 		Command Squad Leader
(Zugtruppführer)
Command Department Head
(Sachgebietsleiter der Fachgruppe Führung/Kommunikation) 		Squad Leader
(Gruppenführer) 		Team Leader (Truppführer)
Command Assistant (Führungsgehilfe) 		Volunteer
(Helfer)
Thw dienststellungskennzeichen zugfuehrer.svg Thw dienststellungskennzeichen zugtruppfuehrer.svg Thw dienststellungskennzeichen gruppenfuehrer.svg Thw dienststellungskennzeichen truppfuehrer.svg Thw dienststellungskennzeichen helfer.svg
Spokespersons and representatives
Federal Spokesperson
(Bundessprecher) 		Deputy Federal Spokesperson
(Stv. Bundessprecher) 		State Spokesperson
(Landessprecher) 		Deputy State Spokesperson
(Stv. Landessprecher) 		Local Spokesperson
(Helfersprecher)
Deputy Local Spokesperson
(Stv. Helfersprecher) 		Representative, Federal Association
('Vertreter Bundesvereinigung)
Representative, State Association
(Vertreter Landesvereinigung)
Dst.-Kennz. Bundessprecher 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Stv. Bundessprecher 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Landessprecher 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Stv. Landessprecher 2013.svg Dst-Kennz. Helfersprecher 2013.svg Dst-Kennz. Vertreter Bundesvereinigung.svg
Staff
Director General
(Präsident) 		Deputy Director General
(Vizepräsident) 		State Commissioner (Landesbeauftragter)
President of the Federal Academy (Leiter der Bundesschule)
Division Chief (Abteilungsleiter)
Commissioner of Volunteers (Beauftragter für das Ehrenamt) 		Department Chief (Referatsleiter)
Academy Manager (Schulmanager)
Chief of the Management Staff
(Leiter des Leitungsstabes) 		Department Consultant
(Referent)
Dienststellungskennzeichen des Präsidenten.png Dst.-Kennz. Viezepräsident 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. LB, Leiter der BuS, Abteilungsleiter, BEA 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Referatsleiter, Schulmanager, Leiter des Leitungsstabes 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Referent 2013.svg
Regional Office Chief
(Regionalstellenleiter) 		Senior Consultant (Sachbearbeiter)
Specialist Teacher (Fachlehrer) 		Service Consultant (Bürosachbearbeiter Service)
Instructor (Ausbilder)
Technician (Gerätehandwerker)
Driver (Kraftfahrer) 		Consultant (Bürosachbearbeiter)
Trainee (Auszubildender)
Federal Service Volunteer (Absolvent Bundesfreiwilligendienst)
Social Service Volunteer (Absolvent Freiwilliges Soziales Jahr)
Intern (Praktikant)
Dst.-Kennz. Geschäftsführer 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Sachbearbeiter 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Bürosachbearbeiter Service 2013.svg Dst.-Kennz. Bürosachbearbeiter 2013.svg

Ireland

The Civil Defence Officers and Assistant Civil Defence Officers of the Civil Defence Ireland are paid employees and are appointed by their respective local authority. At the discretion of the Civil Defence Officer, volunteer officers and leaders are appointed to assist in the command and administration of the unit .

Rank [5] Civil
Defence Officer 		Assistant Civil
Defence Officer 		Commander First Officer Second Officer Third Officer Leader Assistant Leader Volunteer
Republic of Ireland
Ireland
Cdrank1.png Cdrank2.png Cdrank3.png Cdrank4.png Cdrank5.png Cdrank6.png Cdrank7.png Cdrank8.png Cdrank9.png
Irish language equivalent[6] Oifigeach
Cosanta Sibhialta 		Leas-Oifigeach
Cosanta Sibhialta 		Ceannasaí Céad Oifigeach Dara Oifigeach Tríú Oifigeach Ceannaire Leas-Cheannaire Saorálaí
Abbreviation CDO ACDO Cmdr 1/O 2/O 3/O Ldr Asst Ldr Vol

Isle of Man

Isle of Man Civil Defence Corps Ranks and Rank Insignia
Rank Emergency Planning Co-ordinator Commandant Deputy Commandant Team Leader Deputy Team Leader Volunteer
Flag of the Isle of Man Civil Defence Service.svg London Fire Brigade - Deputy Assistant Commissioner rank insignia.svg London Fire Brigade - Group Commander rank insignia.svg London Fire Brigade - Station Commander rank insignia.svg London Fire Brigade - Station Officer rank insignia.svg London Fire Brigade - Sub-Officer rank insignia.svg London Fire Brigade - Firefighter rank insignia.svg

Nigeria

Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps

Officers
Rank group Commandant cadre Superintendent cadre
Nigeria SCDC NSCDC OF-9b - Commandant General.png NSCDC OF-9a - Deputy Commandant General.png NSCDC OF-8 - Assistant Commandant General.png NSCDC OF-7 - Commandant.png NSCDC OF-6b - Deputy Commandant.png NSCDC OF-6a - Assistant Commandant.png NSCDC OF-5 - Senior Superintendent.png NSCDC OF-4 - Chief Superintendent.png NSCDC OF-3 - Superintendent.png NSCDC OF-2 - Deputy Superintendent.png NSCDC OF-1b - Assistant Superintendent I.png NSCDC OF-1a - Assistant Superintendent II.png
Commandant General Deputy Commandant General Assistant Commandant General Commandant Deputy Commandant Assistant Commandant Senior Superintendent Chief Superintendent Superintendent Deputy Superintendent Assistant Superintendent I Assistant Superintendent II
Other ranks
Rank group Inspector cadre Assistant cadre
Nigeria SCDC NSCDC OR-9c - Chief Inspector.png NSCDC OR-9b - Deputy Chief Inspector.png NSCDC OR-9a - Assistant Chief Inspector.png NSCDC OR-8b - Principal Inspector.png NSCDC OR-8a - Senior Inspector.png NSCDC OR-7 - Principal Inspector.png NSCDC OR-6 - Assistant Inspector.png NSCDC OR-5 - Corps Assistant I.png Blank.svg No insignia
Chief Inspector Deputy Chief Inspector Assistant Chief Inspector Principal Inspector Senior Inspector Inspector Assistant Inspector Corps Assistant I Corps Assistant II Corps Assistant III

Norway

Norwegian Civil Defence [7]

Three Stars Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Sjef i DSB.png Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Distriktssjef.png Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Sivilforsvarsinspektør.png Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Sivilforsvarsinspektør2.png Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Sivilforsvarsadjutant1.png
Chief of the Civil Defence Assistant Chief of the Civil Defence
Permanent Deputy for the Chief of Civil Defence 		Head of Bureau in the Civil Defence Department
Civil Defence District Commander 		Civil Defence Inspector
Investigation Manager
Senior Advisor
Chief Engineer 		Advisor
Chief Engineer 		Civil Defense Adjutant
First Consultant
Consultant
First Officer
Operating Technician
Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-FIG-leder.png Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Nestleder.png Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Lagfører.png Sivilforsvaret-Distinksjon-Nestlagfører.png
Group Leader Assistant Group Leader
Municipal Material Manager 		Squad Leader Assistant Squad Leader
Group Material Manager

Russia

Ministry of Emergency Situations[8][9]
Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank
Ministry of Emergency Situations Генерал-полковник МЧС2.png Генерал-лейтенант МЧС2.png Генерал-майор МЧС2.png Полковник МЧС2.png Подполковник МЧС2.png Майор МЧС2.png Капитан МЧС2.png Старший лейтенант МЧС2.png Лейтенант МЧС2.png Младший лейтенант МЧС2.png Курсант внутренней службы МЧС России2.png
Генера́л-полко́вник
Generál-polkóvnik 		Генера́л-лейтена́нт
Generál-leytenánt 		Генера́л-майо́р
Generál-mayór 		Полко́вник
Polkóvnik 		Подполко́вник
Podpolkóvnik 		Майо́р
Majór 		Kапита́н
Kapitán 		Старший лейтена́нт
Stárshiy leytenánt 		Лейтенант
Leytenant 		Mла́дший лейтена́нт
Mládshiy leytenánt 		Курсант
Kursant
Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Blank
Ministry of Emergency
Situations 		Старший прапорщик2.png Прапорщик МЧС2.png Старшина МЧС2.png Старший сержант МЧС2.png Сержант МЧС2.png Младший сержант МЧС2.png n/a Рядовой МЧС2.png
Ста́рший пра́порщик
Stárshiy práporshchik 		Пра́порщик
Práporshchyk 		Старшина́
Starshyná 		Ста́рший сержа́нт
Stárshiy serzhánt 		Сержа́нт
Serzhánt 		Мла́дший сержа́нт
Mládshiy serzhánt 		Рядово́й
Ryadovóy

Singapore

Singapore Civil Defence Force

Officers
Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank
Singapore Civil Defence Force[10] Blank.svg Blank.svg Blank.svg Blank.svg SCDF COL.png SCDF LTC.png SCDF MAJ.png Blank.svg Blank.svg Blank.svg SCDF OCT-S.png SCDF OCT-J.png
Commissioner Deputy commissioner Senior assistant commissioner Assistant commissioner Colonel Lieutenant colonel Major Captain Lieutenant Second lieutenant
Officer cadet
Warrant officers
Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/WO/Blank
Singapore Civil Defence Force[10] SCDF WO2.png SCDF WO1.png
Warrant officer 2 Warrant officer 1
Other ranks
Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Blank
Singapore Civil Defence Force[10] SCDF Sgt.png SCDF Sgt.png SCDF Sgt.png SCDF Cpl.png SCDF LCp.png SCDF Pte.png SCDF Pte.png
Sergeant 3 Sergeant 2 Sergeant 1 Corporal Lance corporal Private Recruit

Spain

Spanish Civil Defence

Protecivil1.png Protecivil2.png Protecivil3.png Protecivil4.png Protecivil5.png Protecivil6.png Protecivil7.png Protecivil8.png Protecivil9.png Protecivil10.png
Coordinador Jefe
(Chief Coordinator) 		Jefe de Agrupación
(Grouping Chief) 		Subjefe de Agrupación
(Grouping Deputy Chief) 		Secretario de Agrupación
(Grouping Secretary) 		Jefe de Unidad
(Unit Chief) 		Jefe de Sección
(Section Chief) 		Jefe de Grupo
(Group Chief) 		Jefe de Equipo
(Team Chief) 		Voluntario
(Volunteer)

Military Emergencies Unit

Officers
Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armed Forces/OF/BlankTemplate:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OF/Spain (UME)
Other Ranks
Template:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OR/BlankTemplate:Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OR/Spain (UME)

Switzerland

Function Rank Rank insignia
Civil Defence Commander Oberst, Oberstleutnant, Major or Hauptmann
Oberst, Oberstleutnant, Major
Hauptmann, Oberleutnant
Deputy Civil Defence Commander Major, Hauptmann or Oberleutnant
Head Damage Conditions

Head Telematics

Head NBC Protection, Head Logistic Coordination

Head Cultural Property Protection

Platoon Leader Welfare

Platoon Leader Support

Leutnant

Promotion to Oberleutnant possible

Leutnant
Chief Logistic Element Feldweibel
Feldweibel
Accounting and Budgeting Officer Fourier
Fourier
Squad Leader Telematics

Squad Leader Welfare

Squad Leader Medical

Squad Leader Support

Kitchen Manager

Korporal

Promotion to Wachtmeister possible

Korporal
Controller

Polycom-Dispatcher

NBC-Tracker

Radiation Protection Expert

Psychological Emergency Aid

Medical Orderly

Facility Technician

Materiel Technician

Cultural Property Protection Specialist

Command Support Aid

Welfare Aid

Sapper

Zivilschutzsoldat

Promotion to Gefreiter possible

Soldat
[11][12]

Tunisia

Officers
Field Officers Junior Officers
Colonel-major Colonel Lieutenant-colonel Commandant Capitaine Lieutenant Sous-lieutenant
Arabic: عميد Arabic: عقيد Arabic: مقدم Arabic: رائد Arabic: نقيب Arabic: ملازم أول Arabic: ملازم
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 01.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 02.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 03.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 04.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 05.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 06.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 07.png
Sous-officiers et militaires du rang
NCO Enlisted
Adjudant-chef Adjudant Sergent-chef Sergent Caporal-chef Caporal
Arabic: وكيل أول Arabic: وكيل Arabic: عريف أول Arabic: عريف Arabic: رقيب أول Arabic: رقيب
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 08.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 09.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 10.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 11.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 12.png
Epaulettes de la Protection Civile - Tunisie 13.png
[13]

United Kingdom

Civil Defence Corps 1949-1968
Rank Insignia Intelligence & Operations Sub-Section Signal Sub-Section Scientific & Recce Sub-Section Warden Section Rescue Section Welfare Section Ambulance Sub-Section First Aid Sub-Section
ARP Chief Officer Rank Insignia.svg Division Chief Officer Chief Warden Chief Rescue Officer Chief Welfare Section Officer Chief Ambulance Officer
ARP Deputy Chief Officer Rank Insignia.svg Senior Staff Officer Senior Signal Officer Senior Scientific Intelligence Officer Deputy Chief Warden Deputy Chief Rescue Officer Deputy Chief Welfare Section Officer Deputy Chief Ambulance Officer
ARP Controller Rank Insignia.jpg Column Rescue Officer Column Ambulance Officer
ARP Chief Warden Rank Insignia.jpg Assistant Chief Warden Deputy Column Rescue Officer Deputy Column Ambulance Officer
ARP Deputy Chief Warden Rank Insignia.jpg Staff Officer (Operations)
Staff Officer (Intelligence)
Sector Staff Officer		 Signal Officer Scientific Intelligence Officer
Reconnaissance Officer		 Sector Warden Company Rescue Officer Assistant Chief Welfare Section Officer Company Ambulance Officer Company First Aid Officer
ARP Divisional Warden Rank Insignia.jpg Deputy Sector Warden Deputy Company Rescue Officer Senior Welfare Section Officer Deputy Company Ambulance Officer Deputy Company First Aid Officer
ARP Officer Rank Insignia.jpg Post Warden Platoon Rescue Officer Platoon Ambulance Officer Platoon First Aid Officer
ARP Deputy Officer Rank Insignia.svg Signalmaster Deputy Post Warden Deputy Platoon Rescue Officer Welfare Section Officer Deputy Platoon Ambulance Officer Deputy Platoon First Aid Officer
Confederate States of America Sergeant-Cavalry.svg Operations Clerk
Intelligence Clerk		 Signal Clerk
Field Cable Party Leader		 Reconnaissance Party Leader Senior Warden Rescue Party Leader Welfare Section Detachment Leader Ambulance Detachment Leader First Aid Party Leader
Confederate States of America Corporal-Cavalry.svg Deputy Rescue Party Leader Deputy Ambulance Detachment Leader Deputy First Aid Party Leader
ARP Senior Warden Rank Insignia.png
Civil Defence Service 1935-1945
Insignia Wardens' Service First Aid Rescue Decontamination Messenger
ARP Controller Rank Insignia.jpg Controller
ARP Chief Warden Rank Insignia.jpg Chief Warden Medical Officer Head of
Rescue Service 		Head of
Decontamination Service
ARP Deputy Chief Warden Rank Insignia.jpg Deputy Chief Warden Deputy Medical Officer Deputy Head of
Rescue Service 		Deputy Head of
Decontamination Service
ARP Divisional Warden Rank Insignia.jpg Divisional Warden Ambulance Officer Staff Officer Gas Identification Officer Officer (Senior Grade)
ARP Officer Rank Insignia.jpg Staff Officer Assistant Ambulance Officer Assistant Staff Officer Assistant Gas Identification Officer Officer (Junior Grade)
Officer (London) Senior Rescue Officer
Post Warden (London) Depot Superintendent Depot Superintendent Depot Superintendent
Confederate States of America Sergeant-Cavalry.svg Head Warden Deputy Depot Superintendent Rescue Party Supervisor Deputy Depot Superintendent Officer
Confederate States of America Corporal-Cavalry.svg Senior Warden Shift Officer Rescue Party Leader Squad Leader Officer
ARP Senior Warden Rank Insignia.png
Source: [14]

References

  1. ↑ KONINKLIJK BESLUIT VAN 14 MAART 2019 BETREFFENDE DE KLEDIJ EN DE KENTEKENS VAN DE OPERATIONELE BEROEPS- EN VRIJWILLIGE PERSONEELSLEDEN VAN DE CIVIELE BESCHERMING. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  2. ↑ Beredskabsstyrelsen (July 2018) (in da). Uniformsreglement. Birkerød: Beredskabsstyrelsen. p. 7. https://www.dropbox.com/sh/uxcixnxxksr5c7i/AAAI9-57lS6rc5n3f8MWI6Msa?dl=0&preview=H.+Uniformsreglement+Beredskabssyrelsen%2C+01+AUG+2018.pdf. 
  3. ↑ Beredskabsstyrelsen (May 2017) (in da). Grundbog for værnepligtige ved Beredskabsstyrelsen Maj 2017. Beredskabsstyrelsen. p. 35. https://docplayer.dk/104941990-Grundbog-for-vaernepligtige-ved-beredskabsstyrelsen-maj-2017.html. Retrieved 6 October 2019. 
  4. ↑ "Richtlinie über die Bekleidung und Kennzeichnung im Technischen Hilfswerk." Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, pp. 58-60. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  5. ↑ "The Wearing of Civil Defence Volunteer Uniform." Civil Defence Circular CD 02/2012, Appendix 3. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  6. ↑ "Boards and Councils Boird agus Comhairlí - An Tobar - Téarmaí Gaeilge don Earnáil Phoiblí". http://www.macsuibhne.com/bng/tobar/boards.htm. 
  7. ↑ "Instruks om bruk av uniform og honnør i Sivilforsvaret." Direktoratet for samfunnssikkerhet og beredskap 22. 08. 2016, p. 26. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  8. ↑ Знаки различия Министерства по чрезвычайным ситуациям Российской Федерации. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  9. ↑ Шевроны, звезды и пластинки на погонах МЧС. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Ranks and drill commands" (in en). https://www.cmpb.gov.sg/web/portal/cmpb/home/life-in-ns/scdf/ranks-and-drill-commands/. 
  11. ↑ "Der Zivilschutz.Grundlagen, Auftreten, Einsatz." Bundesamt für Bevölerungsschutz 2015, p. 90 Retrieved 2023-07-31.
  12. ↑ "Weisungen über die Dienstgrade im Zivilschutz." Kanton St. Gallen. Retrieved 2023-07-31.
  13. ↑ "Décret n°2006-1164 du 13 avril 2006, portant statut particulier des agents du corps de la protection civile. Modifié par le décret n° 2011-1260 du 5 Septembre 2011." Ministère de l'Interieur. Retrieved 2023-07-31.
  14. ↑ "WW2 Air Raid Warden, ARP & Civil Defence Rank Badges." WW2 CIVIL DEFENCE UNIFORMS, INSIGNIA & EQUIPMENT. Retrieved 9 March 2021.



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