View source for Biography:Edward Caird

{{Short description|Scottish philosopher}}

{{Infobox philosopher
|region           = [[Philosophy:Western philosophy|Western philosophy]]
|era              = [[Philosophy:19th-century philosophy|19th-century philosophy]]
|image            = Edward Caird.jpg
|caption          = Caird while a professor at the [[Organization:University of Glasgow|University of Glasgow]]
|name             = Edward Caird
|honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRSE|FBA|size=100%}}
|birth_date       = 23 March 1835
|birth_place      = Greenock, Scotland
|death_date       = 1 November 1908
|death_place      = Oxford, England
|alma_mater       = [[Organization:University of Glasgow|University of Glasgow]]
|institutions     = [[Organization:Merton College, Oxford|Merton College, Oxford]]
|school_tradition = [[Philosophy:British idealism|British idealism]]<ref name=IEP>[http://www.iep.utm.edu/c/caird.htm "Edward Caird"]. ''[[Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]]''.</ref>
|main_interests   = [[Religion:Philosophy of religion|Philosophy of religion]]
|notable_ideas    = The relation of evolutionary theory to the development of thought and culture<ref name=IEP/>
|academic_advisors = Benjamin Jowett
|influences       = [[Biography:Thomas Carlyle|Thomas Carlyle]], Benjamin Jowett
|influenced       = [[Biography:Henry Jones (philosopher)|Henry Jones]], [[Biography:John Watson (philosopher)|John Watson]]
}}

'''Edward Caird''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRSE|FBA}} ({{IPAc-en|k|ɛər|d}}; 23 March 1835 – 1 November 1908) was a Scottish [[Biography:Philosopher|philosopher]]. He was a holder of LLD, [[Social:Doctor of Civil Law|DCL]], and DLitt.

==Life==
[[File:Edward Caird Vanity Fair 4 April 1895.jpg|thumb|{{center|Caird as caricatured by Spy (Leslie Ward) in Vanity Fair, April 1895.}}]]

The younger brother of the theologian [[Biography:John Caird (theologian)|John Caird]], he was the son of engineer John Caird, the proprietor of Caird & Company,<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.rse.org.uk/fellowship/fells_indexp1.pdf |title=Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002 |publisher=Royal Society of Edinburgh |access-date=19 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061004113545/http://www.rse.org.uk/fellowship/fells_indexp1.pdf |archive-date = 4 October 2006 }}</ref> born at Greenock in Renfrewshire, and educated at Greenock Academy and the Universities of [[Organization:University of Glasgow|Glasgow]] and [[Organization:University of Oxford|Oxford]] (B.A. 1863). He was a Fellow and Tutor of [[Organization:Merton College, Oxford|Merton College]] from 1864 to 1866.<ref name="MCreg">{{cite book|editor1-last=Levens|editor1-first=R.G.C.|title=Merton College Register 1900–1964|date=1964|publisher=Basil Blackwell|location=Oxford|page=6}}</ref><ref>Boucher, D., [[Biography:Raymond Geuss|Geuss, R.]], & Skinner, Q., eds., ''The British Idealists'' (Cambridge: {{wipe|Cambridge University Press}}, 1997), [https://books.google.com/books?id=E4_MpkL6ue4C&pg=PR36 p. xxxvi].</ref>{{rp|xxxvi}}

In 1866, he was appointed to the Chair of Moral Philosophy at [[Organization:University of Glasgow|Glasgow]], which he held until 1893. In that year he became [[Social:Master (college)|Master]] of [[Organization:Balliol College, Oxford|Balliol College]], from which he retired in 1907. In 1894 he was made an Honorary Fellow of Merton College.<ref name="MCreg" />

He was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1900.

In May 1902 he was at Carnavon to receive the honorary degree D.Litt. (Doctor of Letters) from the University of Wales during the ceremony to install the Prince of Wales (later King George V) as Chancellor of that university.<ref>{{cite newspaper The Times |title=The Royal visit to Wales |date=5 May 1902 |page=10 |issue=36759 }}</ref>

He was a founder member of the Glasgow and West of Scotland Association for Women's Suffrage,<ref>{{cite book |last=King |first=Elspeth |title = The Scottish Women's Suffrage Movement / ... compiled by Elspeth King to accompany the Government sponsored 'Right to Vote' exhibition organised to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Representation of the People Act, from 9th September- 7th October 1978, Peoples Palace Museum, Glasgow Green |year=1978 |publisher=People's Palace Museum |location=Glasgow }}</ref> alongside his wife, Caroline.

The philosopher [[Biography:John Watson (philosopher)|John Watson]] was among his pupils at the University of Glasgow.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.giffordlectures.org/Author.asp?AuthorID=176 |title = Gifford Lecture Series – Biography – John Watson |access-date=2011-09-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110914052909/http://www.giffordlectures.org/Author.asp?AuthorID=176 |archive-date=14 September 2011 }}</ref>

He died in Oxford on 1 November 1908 and was buried there in St Sepulchres Cemetery.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |title=Former Fellows of The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1783–2002: Part 1 (A–J) |author=C D Waterston |author2=A Macmillan Shearer |publisher=Royal Society of Edinburgh |isbn=090219884X |date=July 2006 |access-date=18 September 2015 |archive-date=24 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124115814/http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Caird was a [[Biography:Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegelian]] idealist and was an important contributor to the [[Philosophy:British idealism|British idealist]] movement.<ref>Mander, W. J. (2014). ''The Oxford Handbook of British Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century''. Oxford University Press. p. 560. {{ISBN|978-0-19-959447-4}}</ref><ref>Brown, Stuart; Collinson, Diane; Wilkinson, Robert. (1996). ''Biographical Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Philosophers''. Routledge. [https://books.google.com/books?id=UZQqBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT121 p. 121]. {{ISBN|0-415-06043-5}}</ref>{{rp|121}}

==Family==
He married Caroline Frances Wylie in 1867. They had no children.<ref>Anon., ''Who was Who: A Companion to "Who's Who"'' (London: A & C Black, 1967), p. 111.</ref>

==Works==
An extensive bibliography of works by and about Edward Caird has been produced by Prof. Colin Tyler (Centre for Idealism and the New Liberalism at the University of Hull, UK). It can be downloaded at: https://idealismandnewliberalism.org/bibliographies/

===Books===
* ''The Collected Works of Edward Caird'', 12 volumes, ed. Colin Tyler, Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1999
* ''A Critical Account of the Philosophy of Kant, with an Historical Introduction'', Glasgow: J. Maclehose, 1877
* [https://archive.org/details/hegelcaird00cairuoft ''Hegel''], Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Co.; Edinburgh: W. Blackwood and Sons, 1883
* [https://archive.org/details/socialphilosophy00cairrich ''The Social Philosophy and Religion of Comte''], Glasgow: J. Maclehose and Sons, 1885; New York: Macmillan, 1885
* ''The Critical Philosophy of Immanuel Kant'', Glasgow: J. Maclehose and Sons, 1889; New York: Macmillan, 1889 (2 volumes) [https://archive.org/details/criticalphilosop01cairuoft ''Volume 1''] [https://archive.org/details/kantcritical02cairuoft ''Volume 2''] second edition 1909
* ''Essays on Literature and Philosophy'', Glasgow: J. Maclehose and Sons, 1892 (2 volumes) [https://archive.org/details/essaysonliterat05cairgoog ''Volume 1''] [https://archive.org/details/essaysonliteratu00cairuoft ''Volume 2'']
* ''The Evolution of Religion'', Glasgow: James Maclehose and Sons, 1893; New York: Macmillan, 1893 (Gifford Lectures 1890–92; [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416172055/http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPEVRO&Cover=TRUE I], [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416172100/http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPEVRT&Cover=TRUE II]) 
* ''The Evolution of Theology in the Greek Philosophers'', Glasgow: J. Maclehose and Sons, 1904 (Gifford Lectures, 1900–02; [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416173320/http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPETGO&Cover=TRUE I], [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416173326/http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPETGT&Cover=TRUE II])
* [https://archive.org/details/laysermonsaddres00cairuoft ''Lay sermons and addresses, delivered in the Hall of Balliol College, Oxford''] (1907)

===Pamphlets===
* [https://archive.org/details/problemphilosop00cairgoog ''The Problem of Philosophy at the Present Time: an Introductory Address Delivered to the Philosophical Society of the University of Edinburgh''], Glasgow, James Maclehose & Sons, 1881
* ''The Moral Aspect of the Economical Problem: Presidential Address to the Ethical Society'', London, Swan Sonnenschein, Lowrey & Co., 1888
* ''Address on Plato's Republic as the Earliest Educational Treatise'', Bangor: Jarvis & Foster, 1894
* [https://archive.org/details/individualisman00cairgoog ''Individualism and Socialism, Being the Inaugural Address to the Civic Society of Glasgow''] (1897)
* [https://archive.org/details/idealismandtheth00cairuoft ''Idealism and the Theory of Knowledge''], London: [[Organization:Oxford University Press#Henry Frowde|Henry Frowde]], 1903

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
* [[Biography:Henry Jones (philosopher)|Jones, H.]], & [[Biography:J. H. Muirhead|Muirhead, J. H.]], ''The Life and Philosophy of Edward Caird'', Glasgow: MacLehose, Jackson & Co., 1921.
* Tyler, C., ''Edward Caird'', in ''Dictionary of Liberal Thought''; Brack & Randall (eds.), Politico's 2007, pp.&nbsp;54–56.
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Edward Caird}}
*[https://archive.org/details/thelifeandphilo00joneuoft The life and philosophy of Edward Caird], by [[Biography:Henry Jones (philosopher)|Sir Henry Jones]] and John Henry Muirhead (1921), on the [[Internet Archive]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130529012917/http://www.giffordlectures.org/Author.asp?AuthorID=34 ''Edward Caird''] biographical notes and Lectures online at the Gifford Lectures website
*[http://www.stsepulchres.org.uk/burials/caird_edward.html Edward Caird's grave in St Sepulchre's Cemetery, Oxford, with biography]

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Caird, Edward}}
[[Category:Idealists]]

{{Sourceattribution|Edward Caird}}