View source for Biology:Chromosome 3

{{Short description|Human chromosome}}
{{Infobox chromosome
| image = Human male karyotpe high resolution - Chromosome 3 cropped.png
| caption = Human chromosome 3 pair after [[Biology:G banding|G-banding]]. One is from mother, one is from father.
| image2 = Human male karyotpe high resolution - Chromosome 3.png
| caption2 = Chromosome 3 pair<br/> in human male karyogram.
| length_bp = 201,105,948 bp<br/>(CHM13)
| genes = 1,024 ([[Biology:Consensus CDS Project|CCDS]])<ref name="CCDS"/>
| type = [[Biology:Autosome|Autosome]]
| centromere_position = [[Biology:Centromere#Metacentric|Metacentric]]<ref name="StrachanRead2010">{{cite book|author1=Tom Strachan|author2=Andrew Read|title=Human Molecular Genetics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dSwWBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA45|date=2 April 2010|publisher=Garland Science|isbn=978-1-136-84407-2|page=45}}</ref><br/>(90.9 Mbp<ref name="850bphs">Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.   [http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/gdp/ideogram_9606_GCF_000001305.14_850_V1 Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)]. Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.</ref>)
| chr = 3
| ensembl_id = 3
| entrez_id = 3
| ncbi_id = 3
| ucsc_id = 3
| refseq_id = NC_000003
| genbank_id = CM000665
}}
'''Chromosome 3''' is one of the 23 pairs of [[Biology:Chromosome|chromosome]]s in [[Biology:Human|human]]s. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 3 spans 201 million [[Biology:Base pair|base pair]]s (the building material of [[Biology:DNA|DNA]]) and represents about 6.5 percent of the total DNA in [[Biology:Cell|cells]].

==Genes==
===Number of genes===
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 3. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see [[Gene prediction|gene prediction]]). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project ([[Biology:Consensus CDS Project|CCDS]]) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.<ref name="pmid20441615">{{cite journal| author=Pertea M, Salzberg SL| title=Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes. | journal=Genome Biol | year= 2010 | volume= 11 | issue= 5 | pages= 206 | pmid=20441615 | doi=10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206 | pmc=2898077 | doi-access=free }} </ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|-
! Estimated by
! Protein-coding genes
! [[Biology:Non-coding RNA|Non-coding RNA gene]]s
! [[Biology:Pseudogene|Pseudogene]]s
! Source
! Release date
|-
| [[Biology:Consensus CDS Project|CCDS]] || 1,024 || — || —
|style="text-align:center"| <ref name="CCDS">{{cite web | title=Search results – 3&#91;CHR&#93; AND "Homo sapiens"&#91;Organism&#93; AND ("has ccds"&#91;Properties&#93; AND alive&#91;prop&#93;) – Gene | website= NCBI |version = CCDS Release 20 for ''Homo sapiens'' | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BChr%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%22has%20ccds%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch |date=2016-09-08 | access-date=2017-05-28}}</ref>
| 2016-09-08 
|-
| [[Organization:HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee|HGNC]]|| 1,036 || 483 || 761
|style="text-align:center"| <ref name="HGNC20170512">{{cite web | title=Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 3 | website=HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee | url=https://www.genenames.org/cgi-bin/statistics?c=3  |date=2017-05-12 | access-date=2017-05-19}}</ref>
| 2017-05-12 
|-
| [[Biology:Ensembl genome database project|Ensembl]] || 1,073 || 1,158 || 761
|style="text-align:center"| <ref name="Ensembl Release 88">{{cite web | title=Chromosome 3: Chromosome summary – Homo sapiens | website= Ensembl Release 88 | url=http://mar2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Location/Chromosome?r=3 |date=2017-03-29 | access-date=2017-05-19}}</ref>
| 2017-03-29 
|-
| [[Biology:UniProt|UniProt]] || 1,081 || — || —
|style="text-align:center"| <ref name="UniProt">{{cite web | title=Human chromosome 3: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM | website= UniProt | url=https://www.uniprot.org/docs/humchr03.txt |date=2018-02-28 | access-date=2018-03-16}}</ref>
| 2018-02-28 
|-
| [[Organization:National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] || 1,085 || 1,108|| 902
|style="text-align:center"| <ref name="NCBI coding">{{cite web | title=Search results – 3&#91;CHR&#93; AND "Homo sapiens"&#91;Organism&#93; AND ("genetype protein coding"&#91;Properties&#93; AND alive&#91;prop&#93;) – Gene | website=NCBI | date=2017-05-19 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BCHR%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%22genetype%20protein%20coding%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch | access-date=2017-05-20}}</ref><ref name="NCBI noncoding">{{cite web | title=Search results – 3&#91;CHR&#93; AND "Homo sapiens"&#91;Organism&#93; AND ( ("genetype miscrna"&#91;Properties&#93; OR "genetype ncrna"&#91;Properties&#93; OR "genetype rrna"&#91;Properties&#93; OR "genetype trna"&#91;Properties&#93; OR "genetype scrna"&#91;Properties&#93; OR "genetype snrna"&#91;Properties&#93; OR "genetype snorna"&#91;Properties&#93;) NOT "genetype protein coding"&#91;Properties&#93; AND alive&#91;prop&#93;) – Gene | website=NCBI | date=2017-05-19 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BCHR%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%28%22genetype%20miscrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20ncrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20rrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20trna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20scrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20snrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20snorna%22%5BProperties%5D%29%20NOT%20%22genetype%20protein%20coding%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch | access-date=2017-05-20}}</ref><ref name="NCBI pseudo">{{cite web | title=Search results – 3&#91;CHR&#93; AND "Homo sapiens"&#91;Organism&#93; AND ("genetype pseudo"&#91;Properties&#93; AND alive&#91;prop&#93;) – Gene | website=NCBI | date=2017-05-19 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BCHR%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%22genetype%20pseudo%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch | access-date=2017-05-20}}</ref>
| 2017-05-19 
|}

=== List of genes ===
{{Category see also|Genes on human chromosome 3}}
The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 3. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.

====p-arm====
Partial list of the genes  located on p-arm (short arm) of human chromosome 3:
{{columns-list|
* ALAS1: aminolevulinate, delta-, synthase 1
* APEH: encoding [[Biology:Enzyme|enzyme]] Acylamino-acid-releasing enzyme
* [[Biology:ARPP-21|ARPP-21]]: Cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein, 21 kDa
* AZI2: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] 5-azacytidine-induced protein 2
* BRK1: SCAR/WAVE actin nucleating complex subunit
* BRPF1: bromodomain and PHD finger containing 1
* BTD: biotinidase
* C3orf14-Chromosome 3 open reading frame 14: predicted DNA binding protein. 
* [[Biology:C3orf67|CFAP20DC]]: encoding protein Chromosome 3 open reading frame 67
* C3orf62: chromosome 3 open reading frame 62
* [[Biology:CACNA2D3|CACNA2D3]]: calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 3
* [[Biology:CCR5|CCR5]]: chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5
* [[Biology:CGGBP1|CGGBP1]]: CGG triplet repeat binding protein 1
* CMTM7: CKLF like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 7
* CNTN4: Contactin 4
* COL7A1: Collagen, type VII, alpha 1 (epidermolysis bullosa, dystrophic, dominant and recessive)
* CRBN: Cereblon protein<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/51185 CRBN cereblon [Homo sapiens (human)&#93; - Gene - NCBI<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
* [[Biology:Doublecortin like kinase 3|DCLK3]]: Doublecortin like kinase 3
* DLEC1: encoding protein Deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1
* EAF1: ELL associated factor 1
* ENTPD3: ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3
* FAM107A: Family with sequence similarity 107 member A
* FAM19A1: Family with sequence similarity 19 member A1, C-C motif chemokine like
* FBXL2: F-box and leucine rich repeat protein 2
* [[Biology:FOXP1|FOXP1]]: Forkhead Box Protein P1
* [[Biology:FRA3A|FRA3A]] encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Fragile site, aphidicolin type, common, fra(3)(p24.2)
* FRMD4B encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] FERM domain containing 4B
* [[Biology:GHRLOS|GHRLOS]]: non-coding RNA ghrelin opposite strand (non-protein coding)
* GMPPB: GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase B
* [[Biology:HACL1 (gene)|HACL1]]: encoding protein 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 1
* HEMK1: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] HemK methyltransferase family member 1
* [[Biology:HIGD1A|HIGD1A]]: HIG1 domain family member 1A
* HTD2: encoding protein Hydroxyacyl-thioester dehydratase type 2
* LARS2: leucyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial
* LIMD1: LIM domain-containing protein 1
* [[Biology:LOC105377021|LOC105377021]]: encoding protein LOC105377021
* [[Biology:Long intergenic non-protein coding rna 312|LINC00312]]: Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 312
* [[Biology:LZTFL1|LZTFL1]]: Leucine zipper transcription factor like 1
* MIR138-1: encoding protein MicroRNA 138-1
* MIR885: encoding protein MicroRNA 885
* MITF: microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
* MLH1: mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2 (E. coli)
* MYRIP: Myosin VIIA and Rab interacting protein
* NBEAL2: Neurobeachin-like 2
* NDUFAF3: encoding [[Biology:Enzyme|enzyme]] NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 3
* NKTR: NK-tumor recognition protein
* NPRL2: Nitrogen permease regulator 2-like protein
* OXTR: oxytocin receptor
* [[Biology:PCAF|PCAF]]: acetyltransferase activity
* PHF7 encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] PHD finger protein 7
* PRICKLE2: encoding protein Prickle planar cell polarity protein 2
* PTHR1: parathyroid hormone receptor 1
* [[Biology:QRICH1|QRICH1]]: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] QRICH1, also known as Glutamine-rich protein 1,
* RBM6: RNA-binding protein 6
* RPP14: Ribonuclease P protein subunit p14
* [[Biology:SCN5A|SCN5A]]: [[Biology:Sodium channel|sodium channel]], voltage-gated, type V, alpha (long QT syndrome 3)
* [[Biology:SETD5|SETD5]]: SET domain containing 5
* [[Biology:SFMBT1|SFMBT1]]: Scm-like with four mbt domains 1
* SLC25A20: solute carrier family 25 (carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase), member 20
* STT3B: catalytic subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex
* SYNPR: synaptoporin
* TAFA4: encoding protein Family with sequence similarity 19 member A4, C-C motif chemokine like
* TCAIM: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] T-cell activation inhibitor, mitochondrial
* TDGF1: Teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1
* TMEM158: Transmembrane protein 158
* TMIE: transmembrane inner ear
* TRAK1: trafficking kinesin-binding protein 1
* [[Biology:TRANK1|TRANK1]]: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Tetratricopeptide repeat and ankyrin repeat containing 1
* TTLL3: encoding protein Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 3
* TUSC2: tumor suppressor candidate 2
* UCN2: Urocortin-2
* ULK4: UNC-51 like kinase 4
* [[Biology:Vestigial-like family member 3|VGLL3]]: vestigial-like family member 3
* VHL: von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor
* ZMYND10: zinc finger MYND-type containing 10
* ZNF197: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 197
* [[Biology:Zinc finger protein 502|ZNF502]]: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Zinc finger protein 502
* [[Biology:Zinc finger protein 620|ZNF620]]: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 620
* ZNF621: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Zinc finger protein 621
* ZNF717: encoding protein Zinc finger protein 717
}}

====q-arm====
Partial list of the genes located on q-arm (long arm) of human chromosome 3:
{{columns-list|
* ADIPOQ: adiponectin
* [[Biology:AMOTL2|AMOTL2]]: encoding protein Angiomotin-like protein 2
* [[Biology:ARHGAP31|ARHGAP31]]: Rho GRPase activating protein 31
* TIMMDC1: TIMMDC1
* C3orf70 chromosome 3 open reading frame 70
* CAMPD1: [[Medicine:Camptodactyly|Camptodactyly]]
* CCDC80: Coiled-coil domain containing protein 80
* CD200R1: Cell surface glycoprotein CD200 receptor 1
* CHST13: encoding protein Carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 13
* CLDND1: Claudin domain containing 1
* CPN2: Carboxypeptidase N subunit 2
* [[Biology:Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase|CPOX]]: coproporphyrinogen oxidase (coproporphyria, harderoporphyria)
* DPPA2: Developmental pluripotency associated 2
* DTX3L: encoding protein Deltex e3 ubiquitin ligase 3l
* DZIP3: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] DAZ interacting zinc finger protein 3
* EAF2: ELL associated factor 2
* [[Biology:EFCC1|EFCC1]]: EF-hand and coiled-coil domain containing 1
* ETM1: Essential tremor 1
* [[Biology:Ets variant 5|ETV5]]: ETS variant 5
* [[Biology:FAM3D|FAM3D]]: family with sequence similarity 3, member D
* FAM43A: family with sequence similarity 43 member A
* [[Biology:FAM162A|FAM162A]]: family with sequence similarity 162 member A
* FBXO40: encoding protein F-box protein 40
* FILIP1L: encoding protein Filamin A interacting protein 1 like
* [[Biology:Glycogenin-1|GYG1]]: Glycogenin-1
* HACD2 encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase 2
* [[Biology:Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase|HGD]]: homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (homogentisate oxidase)
* IFT122: intraflagellar transport gene 122
* KIAA1257: KIAA1257
* LINC01279: encoding protein long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1279
* [[Biology:LNCR5|LNCR5]]: encoding protein lung cancer susceptibility 5
* [[Biology:LMLN|LMLN]]: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Leishmanolysin-like (metallopeptidase M8 family)
* LRRC15: leucine rich repeat containing 15
* LSG1: large subunit GTPase 1 homolog
* [[Biology:Mab-21 domain containing 2|MB21D2]]: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Mab-21 domain containing 2
* MCCC1: methylcrotonoyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase 1 (alpha)
* MORC1: encoding protein Morc family cw-type zinc finger 1
* MYLK: Telokin
* NEPRO: encoding protein Nucleolus and neural progenitor protein
* NFKBIZ: NF-kappa-B inhibitor zeta
* OTOL1: encoding glycoprotein Otolin
* [[Biology:Poly(adp-ribose) polymerase family member 14|PARP14]] encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 14
* PCCB: propionyl Coenzyme A carboxylase, beta polypeptide
* PDCD10: programmed cell death 10
* PIK3CA: phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, alpha polypeptide
* [[Biology:PISRT1|PISRT1]]: [[Biology:Long non-coding RNA|long non-coding RNA]]
* PROSER1: Proline and serine rich protein 1
* RAB7: RAB7, member RAS oncogene family
* RASA2: encoding protein Ras p21 protein activator 2
* RETNLB: resistin-like beta
* [[Biology:Rhodopsin|RHO]]: rhodopsin visual pigment
* RIOX2: Ribosomal oxygenase 2
* [[Biology:SELT|SELT]]: Selenoprotein T
* SENP7: Sentrin-specific protease 7
* SERP1: Stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 1
* [[Biology:SOX2|SOX2]]: transcription factor
* [[Biology:SOX2OT|SOX2OT]]: SOX2 overlapping transcript
* [[Biology:SPG14|SPG14]] encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Spastic paraplegia 14 (autosomal recessive)
* SRPRB: Signal recognition particle receptor subunit beta
* TEX55: encoding protein Testis expressed 55
* [[Biology:Transmembrane protein 44|TMEM44]]: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 44
* TM4SF1: Transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1
* TMPRSS7: encoding protein Transmembrane serine protease 7
* TP63: Tumor protein p63
* TRAT1: T-cell receptor-associated transmembrane adapter 1
* USH3A: Usher syndrome 3A
* ZBED2: encoding [[Biology:Protein|protein]] Zinc finger BED-type containing 2
* ZNF9: zinc finger protein 9 (a cellular retroviral nucleic acid binding protein)
}}

==Diseases and disorders==
The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 3:
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Medicine:3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency|3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency]]
* 3q29 microdeletion syndrome
* [[Medicine:Acute myeloid leukemia|Acute myeloid leukemia]] (AML)
* [[Medicine:Alkaptonuria|Alkaptonuria]]
* Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
* [[Medicine:Atransferrinemia|Atransferrinemia]]
* [[Medicine:Autism|Autism]]
*Autosomal dominant optic atrophy
*ADOA plus syndrome
* [[Medicine:Biotinidase deficiency|Biotinidase deficiency]]
* Blepharophimosis, epicanthus inversus and ptosis type 1
* Breast/colon/lung/pancreatic cancer
* [[Medicine:Brugada syndrome|Brugada syndrome]]
* Castillo fever
* [[Medicine:Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency|Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency]]
* Cataracts
* Cerebral cavernous malformation
* Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, type 2
* [[Medicine:Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease|Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease]]
* Chromosome 3q duplication syndrome
* Coproporphyria
* A location on human chromosome 3 is associated with [[Medicine:Respiratory failure|respiratory failure]] and possibly with increased severity in [[Medicine:COVID-19|COVID-19]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/scientists-pinpoint-genes-common-among-people-with-severe-coronavirus-infections/ar-BB1bUCYO?ocid=msedgdhp|title=Scientists pinpoint genes common among people with severe coronavirus infections|website=[[Software:MSN|MSN]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1056/NEJMoa2020283|title=Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|year=2020|volume=383|issue=16|pages=1522–1534|pmid=32558485|author1=Severe Covid-19 GWAS Group|last2=Ellinghaus|first2=D.|last3=Degenhardt|first3=F.|last4=Bujanda|first4=L.|last5=Buti|first5=M.|last6=Albillos|first6=A.|last7=Invernizzi|first7=P.|last8=Fernández|first8=J.|last9=Prati|first9=D.|last10=Baselli|first10=G.|last11=Asselta|first11=R.|last12=Grimsrud|first12=M. M.|last13=Milani|first13=C.|last14=Aziz|first14=F.|last15=Kässens|first15=J.|last16=May|first16=S.|last17=Wendorff|first17=M.|last18=Wienbrandt|first18=L.|last19=Uellendahl-Werth|first19=F.|last20=Zheng|first20=T.|last21=Yi|first21=X.|last22=De Pablo|first22=R.|last23=Chercoles|first23=A. G.|last24=Palom|first24=A.|last25=Garcia-Fernandez|first25=A. E.|last26=Rodriguez-Frias|first26=F.|last27=Zanella|first27=A.|last28=Bandera|first28=A.|last29=Protti|first29=A.|last30=Aghemo|first30=A.|pmc=7315890|display-authors=1}}</ref>
* [[Medicine:Dandy–Walker syndrome|Dandy–Walker syndrome]]
* [[Medicine:Deafness|Deafness]]
* [[Medicine:Diabetes|Diabetes]]
* [[Medicine:Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica|Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa]]
* Endplate acetylcholinesterase deficiency
* Essential tremors
* Ectrodactyly, Case 4
* [[Medicine:Glaucoma|Glaucoma]], primary open angle
* [[Medicine:Glycogen storage disease|Glycogen storage disease]]
* [[Medicine:Hailey–Hailey disease|Hailey–Hailey disease]]
* Harderoporphyrinuria
* Heart block, progressive/nonprogressive
* Hereditary coproporphyria
* [[Medicine:Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer|Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer]]
* [[Biology:HIV|HIV]] infection, susceptibility/resistance to
* Hypobetalipoproteinemia, familial
* [[Physics:Hypothermia|Hypothermia]]
* [[Medicine:Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter|Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter]]
* [[Medicine:Long QT syndrome|Long QT syndrome]]
* Lymphomas
* Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility
* Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Murk Jansen type
* [[Medicine:Microcoria|Microcoria]]
* [[Medicine:Möbius syndrome|Möbius syndrome]]
* [[Medicine:Moyamoya disease|Moyamoya disease]]
* [[Medicine:Mucopolysaccharidosis|Mucopolysaccharidosis]]
* Muir–Torre family cancer syndrome
* [[Medicine:Myotonic dystrophy|Myotonic dystrophy]] 
* Neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, Okinawa type
* Night blindness
* [[Medicine:Nonsyndromic deafness|Nonsyndromic deafness]]
* [[Medicine:Ovarian cancer|Ovarian cancer]]
* [[Medicine:Porphyria|Porphyria]]
* [[Medicine:Propionic acidemia|Propionic acidemia]]
* Protein S deficiency
* Pseudo-Zellweger syndrome
* [[Medicine:Retinitis pigmentosa|Retinitis pigmentosa]]
* [[Medicine:Romano–Ward syndrome|Romano–Ward syndrome]]
* [[Medicine:Seckel syndrome|Seckel syndrome]]
* [[Medicine:Sensenbrenner syndrome|Sensenbrenner syndrome]]
* [[Medicine:Septo-optic dysplasia|Septo-optic dysplasia]]
* Short stature
* [[Medicine:Spinocerebellar ataxia|Spinocerebellar ataxia]]
* Sucrose intolerance
* T-cell leukemia translocation altered gene
* [[Medicine:Usher syndrome|Usher syndrome]]
* [[Medicine:Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome|von Hippel–Lindau syndrome]]
* [[Medicine:Waardenburg syndrome|Waardenburg syndrome]]
* Xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group c
{{div col end}}

==Cytogenetic band==
{{multiple image
 | header = G-banding ideograms of human chromosome 3 
 | total_width = 400
 | image1 = Human chromosome 3 ideogram vertical.svg
 | width1 = 216
 | height1= 1125
 | caption1 = G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 3 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl, [[Biology:UCSC Genome Browser|UCSC Genome Browser]]).
 | image2 = Human chromosome 03 - 400 550 850 bphs.png
 | width2 = 1003
 | height2= 2801
 | caption2 = G-banding patterns of human chromosome 3 in three different resolutions (400,<ref name="400bphs">Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. [http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/gdp/ideogram_9606_GCF_000001305.14_400_V1 Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)]. Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26.</ref> 550<ref name="550bphs">Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.   [http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/gdp/ideogram_9606_GCF_000001305.14_550_V1 Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)]. Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26.</ref> and 850<ref name="850bphs">Genome Decoration Page, NCBI.   [http://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/gdp/ideogram_9606_GCF_000001305.14_850_V1 Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3)]. Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.</ref>). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013).<ref name="Nomenclature2013">{{cite book|author=International Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature|title=ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGCLrh0DIwEC|year=2013|publisher=Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers|isbn=978-3-318-02253-7}}</ref> This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the [[Biology:Mitosis|mitotic process]].<ref name="SethakulvichaiManitpornsut2012">{{cite book|last1=Sethakulvichai|first1=W.|last2=Manitpornsut|first2=S.|last3=Wiboonrat|first3=M.|last4=Lilakiatsakun|first4=W.|last5=Assawamakin|first5=A.|last6=Tongsima|first6=S.|title=2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE) |chapter=Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images |year=2012|pages=276–282|doi=10.1109/JCSSE.2012.6261965|isbn=978-1-4673-1921-8|s2cid=16666470|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261304470}}</ref>
}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|+ [[Biology:G banding|G-band]]s of human chromosome 3 in resolution 850 bphs<ref name="850bphs"/>
! Chr. 
! Arm<ref>"'''p'''": Short arm; "'''q'''": Long arm.</ref> 
! Band<ref>For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article [[Biology:Locus (genetics)|locus]].</ref> 
! ISCN<br/>start<ref name="ISCN">These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). [[Arbitrary unit]].</ref> 
! ISCN<br/>stop<ref name="ISCN"/>
! Basepair<br/>start 
! Basepair<br/>stop 
! Stain<ref>'''gpos''': Region which is positively stained by [[Biology:G banding|G banding]], generally [[Biology:GC-content|AT-rich]] and gene poor; '''gneg''': Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally [[Biology:GC-content|CG-rich]] and gene rich; '''acen''' [[Biology:Centromere|Centromere]]. '''var''': Variable region; '''stalk''': Stalk.</ref> 
! Density
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.3 || 0 || 175 || {{val|1|fmt=commas}} || {{val|2800000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.2 || 175 || 263 || {{val|2800001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|4000000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.1 || 263 || 408 || {{val|4000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|8100000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.3 || 408 || 642 || {{val|8100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|11600000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.2 || 642 || 759 || {{val|11600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|13200000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#d9d9d9"| gpos || 25
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.1 || 759 || 963 || {{val|13200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|16300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 24.3 || 963 || 1269 || {{val|16300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|23800000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:black; color:white;"| gpos || 100
|-
| 3 || p  
|style="text-align:left"| 24.2 || 1269 || 1357 || {{val|23800001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|26300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 24.1 || 1357 || 1561 || {{val|26300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|30800000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 23 || 1561 || 1751 || {{val|30800001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|32000000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 22.3 || 1751 || 1926 || {{val|32000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|36400000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 22.2 || 1926 || 2013 || {{val|36400001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|39300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 22.1 || 2013 || 2188 || {{val|39300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|43600000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.33 || 2188 || 2451 || {{val|43600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|44100000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.32 || 2451 || 2626 || {{val|44100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|44200000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.31 || 2626 || 3239 || {{val|44200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|50600000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.2 || 3239 || 3385 || {{val|50600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|52300000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#d9d9d9"| gpos || 25
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.1 || 3385 || 3676 || {{val|52300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|54400000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 14.3 || 3676 || 3910 || {{val|54400001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|58600000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 14.2 || 3910 || 4143 || {{val|58600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|63800000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 14.1 || 4143 || 4362 || {{val|63800001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|69700000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 13 || 4362 || 4566 || {{val|69700001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|74100000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 12.3 || 4566 || 4814 || {{val|74100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|79800000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 12.2 || 4814 || 4946 || {{val|79800001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|83500000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 12.1 || 4946 || 5077 || {{val|83500001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|87100000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 11.2 || 5077 || 5135 || {{val|87100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|87800000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || p 
|style="text-align:left"| 11.1 || 5135 || 5266 || {{val|87800001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|90900000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#6e7f8f; color:white;"| acen || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 11.1 || 5266 || 5427 || {{val|90900001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|94000000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#6e7f8f; color:white;"| acen || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 11.2 || 5427 || 5602 || {{val|94000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|98600000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#e0e0e0"| gvar || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 12.1 || 5602 || 5762 || {{val|98600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|100300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 12.2 || 5762 || 5850 || {{val|100300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|101200000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#d9d9d9"| gpos || 25
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 12.3 || 5850 || 5996 || {{val|101200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|103100000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 13.11 || 5996 || 6229 || {{val|103100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|106500000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 13.12 || 6229 || 6361 || {{val|106500001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|108200000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 13.13 || 6361 || 6594 || {{val|108200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|111600000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 13.2 || 6594 || 6682 || {{val|111600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|113700000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 13.31 || 6682 || 6871 || {{val|113700001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|117600000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 13.32 || 6871 || 6973 || {{val|117600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|119300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 13.33 || 6973 || 7148 || {{val|119300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|122200000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.1 || 7148 || 7294 || {{val|122200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|124100000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.2 || 7294 || 7440 || {{val|124100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|126100000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#d9d9d9"| gpos || 25
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 21.3 || 7440 || 7674 || {{val|126100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|129500000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 22.1 || 7674 || 7936 || {{val|129500001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|134000000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#d9d9d9"| gpos || 25
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 22.2 || 7936 || 8053 || {{val|134000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|136000000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 22.3 || 8053 || 8228 || {{val|136000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|139000000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#d9d9d9"| gpos || 25
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 23 || 8228 || 8461 || {{val|139000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|143100000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 24 || 8461 || 8811 || {{val|143100001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|149200000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:black; color:white;"| gpos || 100
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.1 || 8811 || 9001 || {{val|149200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|152300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.2 || 9001 || 9162 || {{val|152300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|155300000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.31 || 9162 || 9264 || {{val|155300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|157300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.32 || 9264 || 9366 || {{val|157300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|159300000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#979797"| gpos || 50
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 25.33 || 9366 || 9453 || {{val|159300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|161000000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.1 || 9453 || 9803 || {{val|161000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|167900000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:black; color:white;"| gpos || 100
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.2 || 9803 || 9949 || {{val|167900001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|171200000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.31 || 9949 || 10183 || {{val|171200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|176000000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.32 || 10183 || 10329 || {{val|176000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|179300000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 26.33 || 10329 || 10489 || {{val|179300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|183000000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 27.1 || 10489 || 10620 || {{val|183000001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|184800000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 27.2 || 10620 || 10737 || {{val|184800001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|186300000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#d9d9d9"| gpos || 25
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 27.3 || 10737 || 10883 || {{val|186300001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|188200000|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 28 || 10883 || 11175 || {{val|188200001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|192600000|fmt=commas}} 
|style="background:#636363; color:white;"| gpos || 75
|-
| 3 || q 
|style="text-align:left"| 29 || 11175 || 11700 || {{val|192600001|fmt=commas}} || {{val|198295559|fmt=commas}} 
| style="background:white"| gneg || 
|}

==See also==
*[[Biology:RTP3 (gene)|RTP3 (gene)]]
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{cite web | author= National Institutes of Health | title= Chromosome 3 | work= Genetics Home Reference | url= http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=3 | access-date= 2017-05-06 | archive-date= 2010-04-08 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100408061926/http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=3 | url-status= dead }}
* {{Cite web|url=http://web.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/chromo03.shtml|title=Chromosome 3|website=Human Genome Project Information Archive 1990–2003|access-date=2017-05-06}}

{{Chromosome genetics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chromosome 03 (Human)}}
[[Category:Chromosomes (human)|Chromosome 03]]
[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 3|*]]

{{Sourceattribution|Chromosome 3}}