Biology:Chromosome 3
Chromosome 3 | |
---|---|
![]() Human chromosome 3 pair after G-banding. One is from mother, one is from father. | |
![]() Chromosome 3 pair in human male karyogram. | |
Features | |
Length (bp) | 201,105,948 bp (CHM13) |
No. of genes | 1,024 (CCDS)[1] |
Type | Autosome |
Centromere position | Metacentric[2] (90.9 Mbp[3]) |
Complete gene lists | |
CCDS | Gene list |
HGNC | Gene list |
UniProt | Gene list |
NCBI | Gene list |
External map viewers | |
Ensembl | Chromosome 3 |
Entrez | Chromosome 3 |
NCBI | Chromosome 3 |
UCSC | Chromosome 3 |
Full DNA sequences | |
RefSeq | NC_000003 (FASTA) |
GenBank | CM000665 (FASTA) |
Chromosome 3 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 3 spans 201 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents about 6.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.
Genes
Number of genes
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 3. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[4]
Estimated by | Protein-coding genes | Non-coding RNA genes | Pseudogenes | Source | Release date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CCDS | 1,024 | — | — | [1] | 2016-09-08 |
HGNC | 1,036 | 483 | 761 | [5] | 2017-05-12 |
Ensembl | 1,073 | 1,158 | 761 | [6] | 2017-03-29 |
UniProt | 1,081 | — | — | [7] | 2018-02-28 |
NCBI | 1,085 | 1,108 | 902 | [8][9][10] | 2017-05-19 |
List of genes
The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 3. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.
p-arm
Partial list of the genes located on p-arm (short arm) of human chromosome 3:
q-arm
Partial list of the genes located on q-arm (long arm) of human chromosome 3:
Diseases and disorders
The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 3:
- 3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency
- 3q29 microdeletion syndrome
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
- Alkaptonuria
- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
- Atransferrinemia
- Autism
- Autosomal dominant optic atrophy
- ADOA plus syndrome
- Biotinidase deficiency
- Blepharophimosis, epicanthus inversus and ptosis type 1
- Breast/colon/lung/pancreatic cancer
- Brugada syndrome
- Castillo fever
- Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency
- Cataracts
- Cerebral cavernous malformation
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, type 2
- Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
- Chromosome 3q duplication syndrome
- Coproporphyria
- A location on human chromosome 3 is associated with respiratory failure and possibly with increased severity in COVID-19[12][13]
- Dandy–Walker syndrome
- Deafness
- Diabetes
- Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
- Endplate acetylcholinesterase deficiency
- Essential tremors
- Ectrodactyly, Case 4
- Glaucoma, primary open angle
- Glycogen storage disease
- Hailey–Hailey disease
- Harderoporphyrinuria
- Heart block, progressive/nonprogressive
- Hereditary coproporphyria
- Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
- HIV infection, susceptibility/resistance to
- Hypobetalipoproteinemia, familial
- Hypothermia
- Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter
- Long QT syndrome
- Lymphomas
- Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility
- Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Murk Jansen type
- Microcoria
- Möbius syndrome
- Moyamoya disease
- Mucopolysaccharidosis
- Muir–Torre family cancer syndrome
- Myotonic dystrophy
- Neuropathy, hereditary motor and sensory, Okinawa type
- Night blindness
- Nonsyndromic deafness
- Ovarian cancer
- Porphyria
- Propionic acidemia
- Protein S deficiency
- Pseudo-Zellweger syndrome
- Retinitis pigmentosa
- Romano–Ward syndrome
- Seckel syndrome
- Sensenbrenner syndrome
- Septo-optic dysplasia
- Short stature
- Spinocerebellar ataxia
- Sucrose intolerance
- T-cell leukemia translocation altered gene
- Usher syndrome
- von Hippel–Lindau syndrome
- Waardenburg syndrome
- Xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group c
Cytogenetic band
Chr. | Arm[18] | Band[19] | ISCN start[20] |
ISCN stop[20] |
Basepair start |
Basepair stop |
Stain[21] | Density |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | p | 26.3 | 0 | 175 | 1 | 2,800,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | p | 26.2 | 175 | 263 | 2,800,001 | 4,000,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 26.1 | 263 | 408 | 4,000,001 | 8,100,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | p | 25.3 | 408 | 642 | 8,100,001 | 11,600,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 25.2 | 642 | 759 | 11,600,001 | 13,200,000 | gpos | 25 |
3 | p | 25.1 | 759 | 963 | 13,200,001 | 16,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 24.3 | 963 | 1269 | 16,300,001 | 23,800,000 | gpos | 100 |
3 | p | 24.2 | 1269 | 1357 | 23,800,001 | 26,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 24.1 | 1357 | 1561 | 26,300,001 | 30,800,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | p | 23 | 1561 | 1751 | 30,800,001 | 32,000,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 22.3 | 1751 | 1926 | 32,000,001 | 36,400,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | p | 22.2 | 1926 | 2013 | 36,400,001 | 39,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 22.1 | 2013 | 2188 | 39,300,001 | 43,600,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | p | 21.33 | 2188 | 2451 | 43,600,001 | 44,100,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 21.32 | 2451 | 2626 | 44,100,001 | 44,200,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | p | 21.31 | 2626 | 3239 | 44,200,001 | 50,600,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 21.2 | 3239 | 3385 | 50,600,001 | 52,300,000 | gpos | 25 |
3 | p | 21.1 | 3385 | 3676 | 52,300,001 | 54,400,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 14.3 | 3676 | 3910 | 54,400,001 | 58,600,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | p | 14.2 | 3910 | 4143 | 58,600,001 | 63,800,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 14.1 | 4143 | 4362 | 63,800,001 | 69,700,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | p | 13 | 4362 | 4566 | 69,700,001 | 74,100,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 12.3 | 4566 | 4814 | 74,100,001 | 79,800,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | p | 12.2 | 4814 | 4946 | 79,800,001 | 83,500,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 12.1 | 4946 | 5077 | 83,500,001 | 87,100,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | p | 11.2 | 5077 | 5135 | 87,100,001 | 87,800,000 | gneg | |
3 | p | 11.1 | 5135 | 5266 | 87,800,001 | 90,900,000 | acen | |
3 | q | 11.1 | 5266 | 5427 | 90,900,001 | 94,000,000 | acen | |
3 | q | 11.2 | 5427 | 5602 | 94,000,001 | 98,600,000 | gvar | |
3 | q | 12.1 | 5602 | 5762 | 98,600,001 | 100,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 12.2 | 5762 | 5850 | 100,300,001 | 101,200,000 | gpos | 25 |
3 | q | 12.3 | 5850 | 5996 | 101,200,001 | 103,100,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 13.11 | 5996 | 6229 | 103,100,001 | 106,500,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | q | 13.12 | 6229 | 6361 | 106,500,001 | 108,200,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 13.13 | 6361 | 6594 | 108,200,001 | 111,600,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | q | 13.2 | 6594 | 6682 | 111,600,001 | 113,700,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 13.31 | 6682 | 6871 | 113,700,001 | 117,600,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | q | 13.32 | 6871 | 6973 | 117,600,001 | 119,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 13.33 | 6973 | 7148 | 119,300,001 | 122,200,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | q | 21.1 | 7148 | 7294 | 122,200,001 | 124,100,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 21.2 | 7294 | 7440 | 124,100,001 | 126,100,000 | gpos | 25 |
3 | q | 21.3 | 7440 | 7674 | 126,100,001 | 129,500,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 22.1 | 7674 | 7936 | 129,500,001 | 134,000,000 | gpos | 25 |
3 | q | 22.2 | 7936 | 8053 | 134,000,001 | 136,000,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 22.3 | 8053 | 8228 | 136,000,001 | 139,000,000 | gpos | 25 |
3 | q | 23 | 8228 | 8461 | 139,000,001 | 143,100,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 24 | 8461 | 8811 | 143,100,001 | 149,200,000 | gpos | 100 |
3 | q | 25.1 | 8811 | 9001 | 149,200,001 | 152,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 25.2 | 9001 | 9162 | 152,300,001 | 155,300,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | q | 25.31 | 9162 | 9264 | 155,300,001 | 157,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 25.32 | 9264 | 9366 | 157,300,001 | 159,300,000 | gpos | 50 |
3 | q | 25.33 | 9366 | 9453 | 159,300,001 | 161,000,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 26.1 | 9453 | 9803 | 161,000,001 | 167,900,000 | gpos | 100 |
3 | q | 26.2 | 9803 | 9949 | 167,900,001 | 171,200,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 26.31 | 9949 | 10183 | 171,200,001 | 176,000,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | q | 26.32 | 10183 | 10329 | 176,000,001 | 179,300,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 26.33 | 10329 | 10489 | 179,300,001 | 183,000,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | q | 27.1 | 10489 | 10620 | 183,000,001 | 184,800,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 27.2 | 10620 | 10737 | 184,800,001 | 186,300,000 | gpos | 25 |
3 | q | 27.3 | 10737 | 10883 | 186,300,001 | 188,200,000 | gneg | |
3 | q | 28 | 10883 | 11175 | 188,200,001 | 192,600,000 | gpos | 75 |
3 | q | 29 | 11175 | 11700 | 192,600,001 | 198,295,559 | gneg |
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Search results – 3[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("has ccds"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene". 2016-09-08. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BChr%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%22has%20ccds%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch.
- ↑ Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010). Human Molecular Genetics. Garland Science. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-136-84407-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=dSwWBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA45.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
- ↑ Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). "Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes.". Genome Biol 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMID 20441615.
- ↑ "Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 3". 2017-05-12. https://www.genenames.org/cgi-bin/statistics?c=3.
- ↑ "Chromosome 3: Chromosome summary – Homo sapiens". 2017-03-29. http://mar2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Location/Chromosome?r=3.
- ↑ "Human chromosome 3: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM". 2018-02-28. https://www.uniprot.org/docs/humchr03.txt.
- ↑ "Search results – 3[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene". 2017-05-19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BCHR%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%22genetype%20protein%20coding%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch.
- ↑ "Search results – 3[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ( ("genetype miscrna"[Properties] OR "genetype ncrna"[Properties] OR "genetype rrna"[Properties] OR "genetype trna"[Properties] OR "genetype scrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snorna"[Properties]) NOT "genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene". 2017-05-19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BCHR%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%28%22genetype%20miscrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20ncrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20rrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20trna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20scrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20snrna%22%5BProperties%5D%20OR%20%22genetype%20snorna%22%5BProperties%5D%29%20NOT%20%22genetype%20protein%20coding%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch.
- ↑ "Search results – 3[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype pseudo"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) – Gene". 2017-05-19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?term=3%5BCHR%5D%20AND%20%22Homo%20sapiens%22%5BOrganism%5D%20AND%20%28%22genetype%20pseudo%22%5BProperties%5D%20AND%20alive%5Bprop%5D%29&cmd=DetailsSearch.
- ↑ CRBN cereblon [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
- ↑ "Scientists pinpoint genes common among people with severe coronavirus infections". https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/scientists-pinpoint-genes-common-among-people-with-severe-coronavirus-infections/ar-BB1bUCYO?ocid=msedgdhp.
- ↑ Severe Covid-19 GWAS Group et al. (2020). "Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure". New England Journal of Medicine 383 (16): 1522–1534. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2020283. PMID 32558485.
- ↑ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
- ↑ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
- ↑ International Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. ISBN 978-3-318-02253-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=lGCLrh0DIwEC.
- ↑ Sethakulvichai, W.; Manitpornsut, S.; Wiboonrat, M.; Lilakiatsakun, W.; Assawamakin, A.; Tongsima, S. (2012). "Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images". 2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE). pp. 276–282. doi:10.1109/JCSSE.2012.6261965. ISBN 978-1-4673-1921-8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261304470.
- ↑ "p": Short arm; "q": Long arm.
- ↑ For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.
- ↑ gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.
External links
- National Institutes of Health. "Chromosome 3". Genetics Home Reference. http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=3.
- "Chromosome 3". http://web.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chromosome/chromo03.shtml.
![]() | Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome 3.
Read more |