View source for Biology:List of animals by number of neurons

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 | image2    = Brain size comparison - Cerebral cortex neurons (billions).png
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 | footer    = Brief comparisons of number of whole brain neurons (top) and [[Biology:Cerebral cortex|cerebral cortex]] neurons (bottom) among six mammals.
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The following are two lists of [[Biology:Animal|animal]]s ordered by the size of their [[Biology:Nervous system|nervous system]].  The first list shows number of [[Biology:Neuron|neuron]]s in their entire nervous system, indicating their overall neural complexity.  The second list shows the number of neurons in the structure that has been found to be representative of animal intelligence.<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009" /> The human brain contains 86 billion neurons, with 16 billion neurons in the [[Biology:Cerebral cortex|cerebral cortex]].<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Randerson J | date = 28 February 2012 | work = The Guardian | title = How many neurons make a human brain? Billions fewer than we thought | url = https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2012/feb/28/how-many-neurons-human-brain}}</ref><ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S | title = The human brain in numbers: a linearly scaled-up primate brain | journal = Frontiers in Human Neuroscience | volume = 3 | pages = 31 | date = 9 November 2009 | pmid = 19915731 | pmc = 2776484 | doi = 10.3389/neuro.09.031.2009 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

Scientists are engaged in counting, quantification, in order to find answers to the question in the strategy of [[Biology:Neuroscience and intelligence|neuroscience and intelligence]] of "self-knowledge": how the evolution of a set of components and parameters (~10<sup>11</sup> neurons, ~10<sup>14</sup>  synapses) of a [[Complex system|complex system]] could lead to the phenomenon of the appearance of intelligence in the biological species "sapiens".<ref>[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0006350922020051? Eryomin, A. L. (2022). Biophysics of Evolution of Intellectual Systems. Biophysics, 67(2), 320-326.]</ref> 
==Overview==
[[Biology:Neuron|Neuron]]s are the [[Biology:Cell|cells]] that transmit [[Information|information]] in an [[Biology:Animal|animal]]'s [[Biology:Nervous system|nervous system]] so that it can [[Philosophy:Sense|sense]] [[Biology:Stimulus (physiology)|stimuli]] from its environment and behave accordingly. Not all animals have neurons; ''[[Biology:Trichoplax|Trichoplax]]'' and [[Biology:Sponge|sponge]]s lack nerve cells altogether.

Neurons may be packed to form structures such as the [[Biology:Brain|brain]] of [[Biology:Vertebrate|vertebrate]]s or the [[Biology:Insect physiology#Nervous system|neural ganglions]] of [[Biology:Insect|insect]]s.

The number of neurons and their relative abundance in different parts of the brain is a determinant of neural function and, consequently, of behavior.

==Whole nervous system==
{{Dynamic list|date=July 2020}}
<!--To keep this list sortable, please put only one figure under Neurons, further details can be given under details, such as done with Ants -->

All numbers for neurons (except Caenorhabditis and Ciona), and all numbers for synapses (except Ciona) are estimations.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|- bgcolor="#ececec"
! Name || Neurons in the brain & whole nervous system || [[Biology:Synapse|Synapse]]s || class="unsortable" |Details ||class="unsortable" |Image ||class="unsortable" |Source
|-
| '''[[Biology:Sponge|Sponge]]'''|| 0 ||
||
||[[File:Sponge.JPG|center|100px]]||<ref>Sherwood L, Klandorf H and Yancey P (2012) [https://books.google.com/books?id=BR8KAAAAQBAJ&dq=Sponge+neurons&pg=PA150 ''Animal Physiology: From Genes to Organisms''] Cengage Learning, p. 150. {{ISBN|9781133709510}}.</ref>
|-
| '''''[[Biology:Trichoplax|Trichoplax]]'''''|| 0 ||
||Despite no nervous system, it exhibits coordinated feeding and response behaviors.<ref name="pmid26333190">{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith CL, Pivovarova N, Reese TS | title = Coordinated Feeding Behavior in Trichoplax, an Animal without Synapses | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 10 | issue = 9 | pages = e0136098 | date = 2015 | pmid = 26333190 | pmc = 4558020 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0136098 | bibcode = 2015PLoSO..1036098S | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite AV media |author=Carolyn L. Smith |display-authors=0 |date=2015 |title=Coordinated Feeding Behavior in Trichoplax, an Animal without Synapses |work=PLoS ONE |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4eqSl7Vups |via=YouTube}}</ref>
||[[File:Trichoplax mic.jpg|center|100px]]||<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schierwater B | title = My favorite animal, Trichoplax adhaerens | journal = BioEssays | volume = 27 | issue = 12 | pages = 1294–302 | date = December 2005 | pmid = 16299758 | doi = 10.1002/bies.20320 }}</ref>
|-
| '''''Asplanchna brightwellii''''' ([[Biology:Rotifer|rotifer]])|| {{nts|2e2|prefix=~}} ||
|| Brain only
|| [[File:Rotifera (Genusː Philodina) - 40X view.jpg|center|100px]] <!-- I don't know of any CC-licensed photos, but see http://www.aslo.org/photopost/showphoto.php/photo/2200/title/rotifer-2c-asplanchna-brightwellii/cat/518 for what they look like -->
||<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Ware RW | title = Three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections | volume = 40 | pages = 325–440 | year = 1975 | pmid = 1097356 | doi = 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)60956-0 | isbn = 9780123643407 | series = International Review of Cytology }}</ref>
|-
| '''''[[Biology:Tardigrade|Tardigrade]]''''' || {{nts|2e2|prefix=~}} ||
|| Brain only
|| [[File:SEM image of Milnesium tardigradum in active state - journal.pone.0045682.g001-2.png|center|100px]]
||<ref name="pmid28600600">{{cite journal | vauthors = Martin C, Gross V, Hering L, Tepper B, Jahn H, de Sena Oliveira I, Stevenson PA, Mayer G | display-authors = 6 | title = The nervous and visual systems of onychophorans and tardigrades: learning about arthropod evolution from their closest relatives | journal = Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural & Behavioral Physiology | volume = 203 | issue = 8 | pages = 565–590 | date = August 2017 | pmid = 28600600 | doi = 10.1007/s00359-017-1186-4 | s2cid = 25280904 | url = http://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/401705/files/Martin_et_al.pdf }}</ref>
|-
| '''''[[Biology:Ciona intestinalis|Ciona intestinalis]]'' larva''' (sea squirt)|| {{nts|2.31e2}} || {{nts|8617}} (central nervous system only)
||
|| [[File:Cionaintestinalis.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ryan K, Lu Z, Meinertzhagen IA | title = The CNS connectome of a tadpole larva of ''Ciona intestinalis'' (L.) highlights sidedness in the brain of a chordate sibling | journal = eLife | volume = 5 | pages = e16962 | date = December 2016 | pmid = 27921996 | pmc = 5140270 | doi = 10.7554/eLife.16962 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ryan K, Lu Z, Meinertzhagen IA | title = The peripheral nervous system of the ascidian tadpole larva: Types of neurons and their synaptic networks | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 526 | issue = 4 | pages = 583–608 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29124768 | doi = 10.1002/cne.24353 | s2cid = 20052591 }}</ref>
|-
| '''''[[Biology:Caenorhabditis elegans|Caenorhabditis elegans]]''''' (roundworm)|| {{nts|3.02e2}} || {{nts|7.5e3|prefix=~}}
|| is the only organism to have its whole [[Connectome|connectome]] (neuronal "wiring diagram") completed.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = White JG, Southgate E, Thomson JN, Brenner S | title = The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans | journal = Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences | volume = 314 | issue = 1165 | pages = 1–340 | date = November 1986 | pmid = 22462104 | doi = 10.1098/rstb.1986.0056 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 1986RSPTB.314....1W }}</ref><ref name="wormbook">{{cite journal | vauthors = White JG | title = Getting into the mind of a worm--a personal view | journal = WormBook | pages = 1–10 | date = June 2013 | pmid = 23801597 | pmc = 4781474 | doi = 10.1895/wormbook.1.158.1 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine  | vauthors = Jabr F |date=2012-10-02 |title=The Connectome Debate: Is Mapping the Mind of a Worm Worth It? |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/c-elegans-connectome/ |magazine=Scientific American |access-date=2014-01-18}}</ref>
|| [[File:Adult Caenorhabditis elegans.jpg|center|100px]]
|-
| '''''[[Biology:Starfish|Starfish]]''''' || {{nts|5e2|prefix=~}} ||
|| ring of neurons surrounding the mouth
|| [[File:Fromia_monilis_(Seastar).jpg|center|100px]]
|-
| '''[[Biology:Jellyfish|Jellyfish]]'''|| {{nts|5.6e3}} ||
||''Hydra vulgaris'' (''H. attenuate'')

||[[File:Jelly cc11.jpg|center|100px]]||<ref name="BodeBerking1973">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bode H, Berking S, David CN, Gierer A, Schaller H, Trenkner E | title = Quantitative analysis of cell types during growth and morphogenesis in Hydra | journal = Wilhelm Roux' Archiv für Entwicklungsmechanik der Organismen | volume = 171 | issue = 4 | pages = 269–285 | date = December 1973 | pmid = 28304608 | doi = 10.1007/BF00577725 | type = Submitted manuscript | s2cid = 5484431 | url = http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-epub-3350-0 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Megaphragma mymaripenne|Megaphragma mymaripenne]]'''
|{{nts|7.4e3}}
|
|
|[[File:Megaphragma mymaripenne-SEM (cropped-B).tif|center|100px]]
|<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Polilov AA | title = The smallest insects evolve anucleate neurons | journal = Arthropod Structure & Development | volume = 41 | issue = 1 | pages = 29–34 | date = January 2012 | pmid = 22078364 | doi = 10.1016/j.asd.2011.09.001 }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Box jellyfish|Box jellyfish]]'''|| {{nts|8.7e3}}–{{nts|1.75e4}} ||
||adult ''[[Biology:Tripedalia cystophora|Tripedalia cystophora]]'' (8&nbsp;mm diameter) – does not include 1000 neurons in each of the four rhopalia
||[[File:Tripedalia-cystophora.png|center|100px]]||<ref name="GarmPoussart2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Garm A, Poussart Y, Parkefelt L, Ekström P, Nilsson DE | title = The ring nerve of the box jellyfish Tripedalia cystophora | journal = Cell and Tissue Research | volume = 329 | issue = 1 | pages = 147–57 | date = July 2007 | pmid = 17340150 | doi = 10.1007/s00441-007-0393-7 | s2cid = 26982210 }}</ref>
|-
| '''Medicinal [[Biology:Leech|leech]]'''|| {{nts|1e4}} ||
||
||[[File:Svømmende blodigle.JPG|center|100px]]
||<ref name="KufflerPotter1964">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kuffler SW, Potter DD | title = Glia in the Leech Central Nervous System: Physiological Properties and Neuron-Glia Relationship | journal = Journal of Neurophysiology | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 290–320 | date = March 1964 | pmid = 14129773 | doi = 10.1152/jn.1964.27.2.290 }}</ref>
|-
| '''Pond [[Biology:Lymnaeidae|snail]]'''|| {{nts|1.1e4}} ||
||
||[[File:Lymnaea stagnalis.JPG|alt=|center|108x108px]]
||<ref name="Roth2005">{{cite journal | vauthors = Roth G, Dicke U | title = Evolution of the brain and intelligence | journal = Trends in Cognitive Sciences | volume = 9 | issue = 5 | pages = 250–7 | date = May 2005 | pmid = 15866152 | doi = 10.1016/j.tics.2005.03.005 | s2cid = 14758763 }} [http://www.subjectpool.com/ed_teach/y3project/Roth2005_TICS_brain_size_and_intelligence.pdf as PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731090340/http://www.subjectpool.com/ed_teach/y3project/Roth2005_TICS_brain_size_and_intelligence.pdf |date=2009-07-31 }}</ref>
|-
| '''Sea slug'''|| {{nts|1.8e4}} ||
||
||[[File:Aplysia californica.jpg|center|100px]]||<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cash D, Carew TJ | title = A quantitative analysis of the development of the central nervous system in juvenile Aplysia californica | journal = Journal of Neurobiology | volume = 20 | issue = 1 | pages = 25–47 | date = January 1989 | pmid = 2921607 | doi = 10.1002/neu.480200104 }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Lancelet|Amphioxus]]'''|| {{nts|2e4}} ||
|| central nervous system only
||[[File:Branchiostoma lanceolatum.jpg|center|100px]]||<ref name="Roth2013">{{cite book| vauthors = Roth G |title=The Long Evolution of Brains and Minds|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LWI_AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|access-date=9 December 2015|date=3 June 2013|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-007-6259-6|page=121}}</ref>
<ref name="Aniszewski2015">{{cite book| vauthors = Aniszewski T |title=Alkaloids: Chemistry, Biology, Ecology, and Applications|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tQ6dBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA316|access-date=9 December 2015|date=25 April 2015|publisher=Elsevier Science|isbn=978-0-444-59462-4|page=316}}</ref>
|-
| '''Larval [[Biology:Zebrafish|zebrafish]]''' || {{nts|1e5}} ||
||
|| [[File:Zebrafish embryos.png|center|100px]]
||<ref>[http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-03/watch-neuron-activity-flash-through-fishs-brain Scientists Capture All The Neurons Firing Across A Fish's Brain On Video] ''Popular Science'', 19 March 2013.</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Drosophila melanogaster|Fruit fly]]'''|| {{nts|150,000}}||
||There are approximately 135,000 and 150,000 neurons in the brain and ventral nerve cord, respectively. 
|| [[File:Drosophila melanogaster - side (aka).jpg|center|100px]]
||[[Biology:Drosophila connectome|Drosophila connectome]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Azevedo |first1=Anthony |last2=Lesser |first2=Ellen |last3=Mark |first3=Brandon |last4=Phelps |first4=Jasper |last5=Elabbady |first5=Leila |last6=Kuroda |first6=Sumiya |last7=Sustar |first7=Anne |last8=Moussa |first8=Anthony |last9=Kandelwal |first9=Avinash |last10=Dallmann |first10=Chris J. |last11=Agrawal |first11=Sweta |last12=Lee |first12=Su-Yee J. |last13=Pratt |first13=Brandon |last14=Cook |first14=Andrew |last15=Skutt-Kakaria |first15=Kyobi |date=2022-12-15 |title=Tools for comprehensive reconstruction and analysis of Drosophila motor circuits |url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.15.520299v1 |language=en |pages=2022.12.15.520299 |doi=10.1101/2022.12.15.520299|s2cid=254736092 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| vauthors = Servick K |date=July 19, 2018|title=In a 'tour de force', researchers image an entire fly brain in minute detail|url=https://www.science.org/content/article/tour-de-force-researchers-image-entire-fly-brain-minute-detail |access-date=May 18, 2021|website=Science}}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Cupiennius salei|Wandering spider]]'''|| {{nts|1e5}} ||
||
|| [[File:Cupiennius_salei,_Juvenile.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Babu KS, Barth FG |date=1984|title=Neuroanatomy of the central nervous system of the wandering spider, Cupiennius salei (Arachnida, Araneida)|journal=Zoomorphology|volume=104|issue=6|pages=344–359|doi=10.1007/BF00312185|s2cid=23710492}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Calliopsis (bee)|Calliopsis (bee)]]'''
|{{nts|2.34e5}}
|
|
|[[File:Calliopsis edwardsii, right, Broward co, Florida 2017-08-03-11.25 (36396361693).jpg|170x170px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":4">{{cite journal | vauthors = Godfrey RK, Swartzlander M, Gronenberg W | title = Allometric analysis of brain cell number in Hymenoptera suggests ant brains diverge from general trends | journal = Proceedings. Biological Sciences | volume = 288 | issue = 1947 | pages = 20210199 | date = March 2021 | pmid = 33757353 | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2021.0199 | pmc = 8059961 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Ant|Ant]]'''|| {{nts|2.5e5}} ||
|| Varies per species
|| [[File:Ant head closeup.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="ants1">{{cite web |url=http://www.lingolex.com/ants.htm|author=John and Sarah Tefl|title=Interesting Facts About Ants |access-date=December 23, 2010}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Perdita (bee)|Perdita (bee)]]'''
|{{nts|2.75e5}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":4" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Melissodes|Melissodes]]'''
|{{nts|4.95e5}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":4" />
|-
|'''Bombus impatiens'''
|{{nts|5.57e5}}
|
|
|[[File:Bombus impatiens male.jpg|148x148px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":4" />
|-
|'''Western honey bee'''
|{{nts|6.13e5}}
|
|
|[[File:Western honey bee grazing.jpg|173x173px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":4" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Honey bee|Honey bee]]'''|| {{nts|9.6e5}} || {{nts|1e9|prefix=~}}
||
||[[File:Bees Collecting Pollen 2004-08-14.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Menzel R, Giurfa M | title = Cognitive architecture of a mini-brain: the honeybee | journal = Trends in Cognitive Sciences | volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 62–71 | date = February 2001 | pmid = 11166636 | doi = 10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01601-6 | s2cid = 3202685 }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Cockroach|Cockroach]]'''|| {{nts|1e6}} ||
||
||[[File:Cockroach.jpg|center|100px]]||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anthropology.net/user/lexis2praxis/blog/2007/01/11/a_strange_approach_to_social_interaction_and_butterflies |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070113184722/http://anthropology.net/user/lexis2praxis/blog/2007/01/11/a_strange_approach_to_social_interaction_and_butterflies |archive-date=January 13, 2007 |publisher=Anthropology.net |date=January 10, 2007 |access-date=November 26, 2010 |title=A Strange Approach to Social Interaction, and Butterflies}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Coconut crab|Coconut crab]]'''
|{{nts|1e6|prefix=>}}
|
|c. 1,000,000 [[Biology:Interneuron|interneuron]]s are dedicated to analysing [[Biology:Sense of smell|olfactory]] input alone.
|
|<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Krieger J, Sandeman RE, Sandeman DC, Hansson BS, Harzsch S | title = Brain architecture of the largest living land arthropod, the Giant Robber Crab Birgus latro (Crustacea, Anomura, Coenobitidae): evidence for a prominent central olfactory pathway? | journal = Frontiers in Zoology | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 25 | date = September 2010 | pmid = 20831795 | pmc = 2945339 | doi = 10.1186/1742-9994-7-25 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:California carpenter bee|California carpenter bee]]'''
|{{nts|1.18e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Female California carpenter bee 1.jpg|176x176px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":4" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Steudner's dwarf gecko|Steudner's dwarf gecko]]'''
|{{nts|1.771e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Tropiocolotes steudneri 1.jpeg|center|151x151px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Brown anole'''
|{{nts|2.792e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Cuban brown anole (Anolis sagrei sagrei) juvenile.JPG|center|159x159px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mochlus sundevallii|Mochlus sundevallii]]'''
|{{nts|3.049e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Sundevall's Writhing Skink (Mochlus sundevallii subsp. sundevallii).jpg|center|127x127px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Peloponnese slowworm|Peloponnese slowworm]]'''
|{{nts|3.713e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Benny Trapp Anguis cephallonicus.jpg|center|140x140px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common house gecko|Common house gecko]]'''
|{{nts|3.988e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Common House Gecko with open mouth, in Laos.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Takydromus sexlineatus|Takydromus sexlineatus]]'''
|{{nts|4.021e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Takydromus sexlineatus W009a.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Anolis cristatellus'''
|{{nts|4.27e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Anolis cristatellus in Picard, Dominica-2012 02 15 0349.jpg|148x148px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":13">{{cite journal | vauthors = Storks L, Powell BJ, Leal M | title = Peeking Inside the Lizard Brain: Neuron Numbers in Anolis and Its Implications for Cognitive Performance and Vertebrate Brain Evolution | journal = Integrative and Comparative Biology | date = September 2020 | volume = 63 | pages = 223–237 | pmid = 33175153 | doi = 10.1093/icb/icaa129 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Papua snake lizard|Papua snake lizard]]'''
|{{nts|4.271e6}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Guppy|Guppy]]''' || {{nts|4.3e6}} ||
||
|| [[File:Guppy.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Marhounová L, Kotrschal A, Kverková K, Kolm N, Němec P | title = Artificial selection on brain size leads to matching changes in overall number of neurons | journal = Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution | volume = 73 | issue = 9 | pages = 2003–2012 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31339177 | pmc = 6772110 | doi = 10.1111/evo.13805 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Natal Midlands dwarf chameleon|Natal Midlands dwarf chameleon]]'''
|{{nts|4.305e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Natalmidlandsdwarfchameleon.jpg|center|136x136px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Acontias percivali|Acontias percivali]]'''
|{{nts|4.34e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Acontias percivali.jpeg|center|145x145px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Sand lizard'''
|{{nts|4.341e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Lacerta agilis female 2013 G2.jpg|center|137x137px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Ocelot gecko|Ocelot gecko]]'''
|{{nts|4.42e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Paroeudura Picta.jpg|176x176px|center|frameless]]
|<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kverková K, Polonyiová A, Kubička L, Němec P | title = Individual and age-related variation of cellular brain composition in a squamate reptile | journal = Biology Letters | volume = 16 | issue = 9 | pages = 20200280 | date = September 2020 | pmid = 32961085 | pmc = 7532707 | doi = 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0280 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Darevskia raddei|Darevskia raddei]]'''
|{{nts|4.765e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Darevskia raddei.jpeg|center|123x123px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Anolis evermanni'''
|{{nts|4.92e6}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":13" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Echis carinatus|Echis carinatus]]'''
|{{nts|4.951e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Saw-scaled Viper Echis carinatus by Dr. Raju Kasambe DSCN8792 (1).jpg|center|118x118px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cerastes cerastes|Cerastes cerastes]]'''
|{{nts|4.996e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Hornviper Cerastes cerastes.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Tenerife gecko|Tenerife gecko]]'''
|{{nts|5.001e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Tarentola delalandii.jpg|center|142x142px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Draco sumatranus|Draco sumatranus]]'''
|{{nts|5.174e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Draco sumatranus.jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Blue-throated keeled lizard|Blue-throated keeled lizard]]'''
|{{nts|5.269e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Blue-throated keeled lizard (Dalmatian algyroides). Algyroides nigropunctatus (44191025654).jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Crested gecko|Crested gecko]]'''
|{{nts|5.417e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Baby crested gecko.jpg|center|167x167px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Lacerta strigata'''
|{{nts|5.529e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Пара полосатых ящериц.jpg|center|140x140px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:San Francisco garter snake|San Francisco garter snake]]'''
|{{nts|5.663e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia (2005 10 16) - uitsnede.jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Red-eyed crocodile skink|Red-eyed crocodile skink]]'''
|{{nts|5.697e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Red-Eyed Crocodile Skink.jpg|center|113x113px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Emoia cyanura|Emoia cyanura]]'''
|{{nts|5.733e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Emoia cyanura.jpg|center|153x153px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:East African spiny-tailed lizard|East African spiny-tailed lizard]]'''
|{{nts|5.756e6}}
|
|
|[[File:East African spiny-tailed lizard (Cordylus tropidosternum).jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Chalcides ocellatus|Chalcides ocellatus]]'''
|{{nts|5.774e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Chalcides ocellatus MNHN.jpg|center|143x143px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cylindrophis ruffus|Cylindrophis ruffus]]'''
|{{nts|5.779e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Cyl ruffus 061212 2021 tdp.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cat gecko|Cat gecko]]'''
|{{nts|5.964e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Aeluroscalabotes felinus.jpg|center|137x137px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Aspidoscelis deppii|Aspidoscelis deppii]]'''
|{{nts|5.968e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Aspidoscelis deppii.jpeg|center|145x145px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Brown water snake|Brown water snake]]'''
|{{nts|5.995e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Brown Water Snake.jpg|center|147x147px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Aspidelaps lubricus|Aspidelaps lubricus]]'''
|{{nts|6.02e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Cape Coral Snake, Aspidelaps lubricus, RsDSC 0417.jpg|center|138x138px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Scincus scincus|Scincus scincus]]'''
|{{nts|6.284e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Scincus scincus on glass particles.png|center|148x148px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Montivipera xanthina|Montivipera xanthina]]'''
|{{nts|6.677e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Benny Trapp Montivipera xanthina.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Hispaniolan curlytail lizard|Hispaniolan curlytail lizard]]'''
|{{nts|7.063e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Leiocephalus schreibersii Prague Zoo.jpg|center|123x123px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Sceloporus malachiticus|Sceloporus malachiticus]]'''
|{{nts|7.149e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Green Spiny Lizard (Sceloporus malachiticus) - Flickr - gailhampshire.jpg|center|140x140px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Crotalus durissus|Crotalus durissus]]'''
|{{nts|7.263e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Crotalus durissus terrificus (mounted).JPG|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Agama agama'''
|{{nts|7.455e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Common Agama (Agama agama) male (7609816076).jpg|center|143x143px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Agama aculeata'''
|{{nts|7.631e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Ground Agama (Agama aculeata).jpg|center|149x149px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Gekko kuhli|Gekko kuhli]]'''
|{{nts|7.659e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Kuhl's Flying Gecko (Ptychozoon kuhli) (8744025989).jpg|center|135x135px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Leopard gecko|Leopard gecko]]'''
|{{nts|8.081e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Eublepharis macularius 2009 G6.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Latastia longicaudata|Latastia longicaudata]]'''
|{{nts|8.099e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Latastia longicaudata (Wroclaw zoo)-1.JPG|center|151x151px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Razor-backed musk turtle|Razor-backed musk turtle]]'''
|{{nts|8.389e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Sternotherus carinatus by LA Dawson.jpg|center|148x148px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Greek tortoise'''
|{{nts|8.52e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Testudo graeca at Dibbeen2.JPG|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Phelsuma grandis|Phelsuma grandis]]'''
|{{nts|8.623e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Madagascar giant day gecko (Phelsuma grandis) Nosy Komba.jpg|center|159x159px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Acanthocercus atricollis|Acanthocercus atricollis]]'''
|{{nts|8.65e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Southern Tree Agama (Acanthocercus atricollis) (6002525679).jpg|center|162x162px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Tokay gecko|Tokay gecko]]'''
|{{nts|8.892e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) adult male and juvenile.jpg|center|135x135px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Russian tortoise|Russian tortoise]]'''
|{{nts|9.008e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Testudo horsefieldii.jpg|center|140x140px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Marginated tortoise'''
|{{nts|9.074e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Testudo marginata.JPG|center|129x129px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Psammophis elegans|Psammophis elegans]]'''
|{{nts|9.17e6}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Xenopeltis unicolor|Xenopeltis unicolor]]'''
|{{nts|9.293e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Sunbeam Snake (Xenopeltis unicolor) (7121228691).jpg|center|156x156px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|[[Biology:Zonosaurus|'''Zonosaurus Karsteni''']]
|{{nts|9.538e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Zonosaurus karsteni.jpg|center|137x137px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Oplurus quadrimaculatus|Oplurus quadrimaculatus]]'''
|{{nts|9.565e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Duméril's Madagascar swift (Oplurus quadrimaculatus) Isalo.jpg|center|112x112px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Malagasy giant chameleon|Malagasy giant chameleon]]'''
|{{nts|9.751e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Oustalet's chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti) female.jpg|center|134x134px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Ahaetulla prasina|Ahaetulla prasina]]'''
|{{nts|9.767e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Ahaetulla prasina, oriental whipsnake - Kaeng Krachan National Park (15895767306).jpg|center|114x114px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Dasia olivacea'''
|{{nts|9.785e6}}
|
|
|[[File:Dasia olivacea.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
| '''Adult [[Biology:Zebrafish|zebrafish]]''' || {{nts|1e7|prefix=~}} ||
|| cells (neurons + other)
|| [[File:Zebrafisch.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hinsch K, Zupanc GK | title = Generation and long-term persistence of new neurons in the adult zebrafish brain: a quantitative analysis | journal = Neuroscience | volume = 146 | issue = 2 | pages = 679–96 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17395385 | doi = 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.071 | name-list-style = amp | s2cid = 5643696 }}</ref>
|-
|'''Timon tangitanus'''
|{{nts|1.0619e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Lacertidae - Timon tangitanus.JPG|center|143x143px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Corn snake|Corn snake]]'''
|{{nts|1.0629e7}}
|
|
|[[File:CornSnake.jpg|center|149x149px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Acanthosaura capra|Acanthosaura capra]]'''
|{{nts|1.0724e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Acanthosaura capra, Zoo Prague.jpg|center|153x153px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Gallotia galloti|Gallotia galloti]]'''
|{{nts|1.0903e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Gallotia galloti LC0211.jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eutropis multifasciata|Eutropis multifasciata]]'''
|{{nts|1.0944e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Common sun skink (Eutropis multifasciata).jpg|center|140x140px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Rainbow boa|Rainbow boa]]'''
|{{nts|1.1083e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Rainbow boa (Epicrates cenchria) coiled around a branch.jpg|center|149x149px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:East African black mud turtle|East African black mud turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.1285e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Pelusios subniger.jpg|center|153x153px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Indochinese spitting cobra|Indochinese spitting cobra]]'''
|{{nts|1.1306e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Naja-siamensis-indochinese-spitting-cobra-southwest-thailand.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cyrtodactylus irianjayaensis|Cyrtodactylus irianjayaensis]]'''
|{{nts|1.1415e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Uromastyx ornata|Uromastyx ornata]]'''
|{{nts|1.1438e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Uromastyx ornata.JPG|center|141x141px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Yellow-throated plated lizard|Yellow-throated plated lizard]]'''
|{{nts|1.1847e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Yellow-throated Plated Lizard (Gerrhosaurus flavigularis) (14033889705), crop.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Meller's chameleon|Meller's chameleon]]'''
|{{nts|1.2035e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Mellers.chameleon.bristol.zoo.arp.jpg|center|127x127px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Twist-necked turtle|Twist-necked turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.2171e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Twist-neck Turtle (Platemys platycephala) (10358928446).jpg|center|121x121px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Western whiptail|Western whiptail]]'''
|{{nts|1.2269e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Aspidoscelis tigris-1.jpg|center|141x141px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Gehyra vorax|Gehyra vorax]]'''
|{{nts|1.2388e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Gehyra vorax.jpg|center|148x148px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:White-lipped mud turtle|White-lipped mud turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.2671e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Painted wood turtle|Painted wood turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.2677e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Rhinoclemmys Pulcherrima Bebé 1.jpg|center|131x131px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Sheltopusik|Sheltopusik]]'''
|{{nts|1.283e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Pseudopus apodus01.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Standing's day gecko|Standing's day gecko]]'''
|{{nts|1.3223e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Phelsuma-standingi.jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common snapping turtle|Common snapping turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.3681e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Common snapping turtle - Chelydra serpentina.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Painted turtle|Painted turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.4302e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Eastern Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta picta) (49866261538) (cropped).jpg|center|156x156px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Ocellated lizard'''
|{{nts|1.4593e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Timon lepidus.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Oplurus cuvieri|Oplurus cuvieri]]'''
|{{nts|1.4627e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Oplurus Cuvieri Kirindy Madagascar.jpg|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:African spurred tortoise|African spurred tortoise]]'''
|{{nts|1.4986e7}}
|
|
|[[File:African Spurred Tortoise in Toronto.jpg|center|146x146px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Boa imperator|Boa imperator]]'''
|{{nts|1.5194e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Boa constrictor imperator.jpg|center|131x131px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Red-eared slider|Red-eared slider]]'''
|{{nts|1.5388e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Trachemys scripta elegans partially submerged.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Plumed basilisk|Plumed basilisk]]'''
|{{nts|1.5536e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Corytophanidae Basiliscus plumifrons 4.jpg|center|151x151px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Red-bellied short-necked turtle|Red-bellied short-necked turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.5787e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Emydura subglobosa lateral.jpg|center|139x139px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Frog|Frog]]'''|| {{nts|1.6e7}} ||
||
||[[File:Magnificent tree frog (Litoria splendida) crop.jpg|center|100px]]||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neurocomputing.org/Amphibian.aspx|title=Frog Brain Neuron Number|access-date=15 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716011751/http://www.neurocomputing.org/Amphibian.aspx|archive-date=16 July 2015}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Corallus hortulana|Corallus hortulana]]'''
|{{nts|1.6303e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Corallushortulanus.png|center|153x153px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Tiliqua scincoides|Blue-tongued skink]]'''
|{{nts|1.6376e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Tiliqua scincoides (White, 1790).jpg|center|159x159px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Gran Canaria giant lizard|Gran Canaria giant lizard]]'''
|{{nts|1.8038e7}}
|
|
|[[File:GallotiaStehlini.jpg|center|113x113px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Chinese water dragon|Chinese water dragon]]'''
|{{nts|1.8301e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Chinese Water Dragon (Physignathus cocincinus) - Khao Yai National Park - 1.jpg|center|129x129px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Chlamydosaurus|Chlamydosaurus]]'''
|{{nts|1.8641e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Chlamydosaurus kingii 01.jpg|center|110x110px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Northern snake-necked turtle|Northern snake-necked turtle]]'''
|{{nts|1.904e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Chelodina oblonga gnangarra.JPG|center|147x147px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Spiny-tailed monitor'''
|{{nts|1.9771e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Varanus acanthurus25.JPG|center|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Boa constrictor|Boa constrictor]]'''
|{{nts|1.9781e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Boa constrictor, Vaňkovka, Brno (2).jpg|center|139x139px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Ameiva ameiva|Ameiva ameiva]]'''
|{{nts|1.9835e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Giant ameiva (Ameiva atrigularis).jpg|center|132x132px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Chinese softshell turtle|Chinese softshell turtle]]'''
|{{nts|2.0697e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Pelodiscus sinensis 02.jpg|center|135x135px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Amboina box turtle|Amboina box turtle]]'''
|{{nts|2.144e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Zolw sundajski - Cuora amboinensis - Zoo Warszawa.JPG|center|147x147px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Alligator snapping turtle|Alligator snapping turtle]]'''
|{{nts|2.223e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Alligator snapping turtle.jpg|center|148x148px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Yellow anaconda|Yellow anaconda]]'''
|{{nts|2.3035e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Yellow Anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) (48292380166).jpg|center|133x133px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mexican beaded lizard|Mexican beaded lizard]]'''
|{{nts|2.3681e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Heloderma exasperatum exposé au Palais de la Découverte en août 2019.jpg|center|137x137px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Major skink|Major skink]]'''
|{{nts|2.4155e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Major Skink (Egernia frerei) (9951680974).jpg|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Sudan plated lizard|Sudan plated lizard]]'''
|{{nts|2.4434e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Gerrhosaurus major.jpg|center|156x156px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mata mata|Mata mata]]'''
|{{nts|2.6105e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Naked mole-rat|Naked mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|2.688e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Naked Mole rat baby.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S, Ribeiro P, Campos L, Valotta da Silva A, Torres LB, Catania KC, Kaas JH | title = Updated neuronal scaling rules for the brains of Glires (rodents/lagomorphs) | journal = Brain, Behavior and Evolution | volume = 78 | issue = 4 | pages = 302–14 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21985803 | pmc = 3237106 | doi = 10.1159/000330825 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Weber's sailfin lizard|Weber's sailfin lizard]]'''
|{{nts|2.7245e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Hydrosaurus weberi - Ménagerie du jardin des plantes - Paris.JPG|center|172x172px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Green iguana|Green iguana]]'''
|{{nts|2.9098e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Iguana iguana Portoviejo 04.jpg|center|135x135px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Argentine black and white tegu|Argentine black and white tegu]]'''
|{{nts|2.9251e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Tupinambis merianae 2.jpg|center|172x172px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cyclura nubila|Cyclura nubila]]'''
|{{nts|3.082e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Cyclura nubila,.jpg|center|183x183px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Gold tegu|Gold tegu]]'''
|{{nts|3.1335e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Tupinambis teguixin - Flickr - Dick Culbert.jpg|center|130x130px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Varanus macraei'''
|{{nts|3.3091e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Blauer Baumwaran (Varanus macraei).JPG|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Little free-tailed bat'''
|{{nts|3.5e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Chaerephon pumilus.jpeg|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S, da Cunha FB, Reed JL, Kaswera-Kyamakya C, Gillissen E, Manger PR | title = Microchiropterans have a diminutive cerebral cortex, not an enlarged cerebellum, compared to megachiropterans and other mammals | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 528 | issue = 17 | pages = 2978–2993 | date = December 2020 | pmid = 32656795 | doi = 10.1002/cne.24985 | s2cid = 220499352 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Smoky shrew|Smoky shrew]]''' || {{nts|3.6e7}} ||
|
|[[File:SmokyShrew23.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="HofmanFalk2012">{{cite book| vauthors = Hofman MA, Falk D |title=Evolution of the Primate Brain: From Neuron to Behavior|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NZ19UiDPosEC&pg=PA425|date=2 March 2012|publisher=[[Company:Elsevier|Elsevier]]|isbn=978-0-444-53860-4|page=425}}</ref>
|-
|'''Sand goanna'''
|{{nts|5.0253e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Varanus gouldii.jpg|center|139x139px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:American short-tailed shrew|Short-tailed shrew]]''' || {{nts|5.2e7}} ||
||
|[[File:Blarina_carolinensisPCSL20933B.jpg|center|frameless|100x100px]]
|<ref name="HofmanFalk2012" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Pig-nosed turtle|Pig-nosed turtle]]'''
|{{nts|5.3027e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Carettochelys insculpta 02.JPG|center|160x160px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common bent-wing bat|Common bent-wing bat]]'''
|{{nts|5.6e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:African sheath-tailed bat|African sheath-tailed bat]]'''
|{{nts|5.9e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Hottentot golden mole|Hottentot golden mole]]'''
|{{nts|6.5e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen (Plate 39) (8557402518).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Woermann's bat'''
|{{nts|6.6e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Zenker's fruit bat|Zenker's fruit bat]]'''
|{{nts|6.6e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''Commerson's roundleaf bat'''
|{{nts|6.7e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Commerson's Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros commersoni) (10291616316).jpg|191x191px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Rufous trident bat|Rufous trident bat]]'''
|{{nts|7e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:House mouse|House mouse]]'''|| {{nts|7.1e7}} || {{nts|10e11|prefix=~}}
||
||[[File:Mouse white background.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R. 2006 12138–12143">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R | title = Cellular scaling rules for rodent brains | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 103 | issue = 32 | pages = 12138–43 | date = August 2006 | pmid = 16880386 | pmc = 1567708 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0604911103 | bibcode = 2006PNAS..10312138H | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''Asian water monitor'''
|{{nts|7.8231e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Varanus salvator - 01.jpg|center|165x165px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:King quail|King quail]]'''
|{{nts|8.0478e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Excalfactoria chinensis (aka).jpg|center|112x112px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Nile crocodile|Nile crocodile]]'''|| {{nts|8.05e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Nile Crocodile (17038929167).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":6">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ngwenya A, Patzke N, Manger PR, Herculano-Houzel S | title = Continued Growth of the Central Nervous System without Mandatory Addition of Neurons in the Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) | journal = Brain, Behavior and Evolution | volume = 87 | issue = 1 | pages = 19–38 | year = 2016 | pmid = 26914769 | doi = 10.1159/000443201 | s2cid = 5353731 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Heart-nosed bat|Heart-nosed bat]]'''
|{{nts|8.1e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Cardioderma cor - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02562.JPG|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Diamond dove|Diamond dove]]'''
|{{nts|8.7879e7}}
|
|
|[[File:Geopelia cuneata - Wüstenhaus 3.jpg|center|138x138px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Golden hamster|Golden hamster]]'''|| {{nts|9e7}} ||
||
||[[File:Golden hamster front 1.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R. 2006 12138–12143" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Short-palated fruit bat|Short-palated fruit bat]]'''
|{{nts|9.9e7}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Ansell's mole-rat|Ansell's mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|1.03e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Graumull IMG 4042.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kverková K, Bělíková T, Olkowicz S, Pavelková Z, O'Riain MJ, Šumbera R, Burda H, Bennett NC, Němec P | display-authors = 6 | title = Sociality does not drive the evolution of large brains in eusocial African mole-rats | language = En | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 9203 | date = June 2018 | pmid = 29907782 | pmc = 6003933 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-018-26062-8 | bibcode = 2018NatSR...8.9203K }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mashona mole-rat|Mashona mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|1.13e8}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common quail|Common quail]]'''
|{{nts|1.1776e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Caille des blés - Coturnix coturnix.JPG|center|96x96px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Hairy-tailed mole|Hairy-tailed mole]]'''
|{{nts|1.24e8}}
|
|
|[[File:The quadrupeds of North America (Plate LXXIV) (7748318398).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Eastern rock elephant shrew'''
|{{nts|1.29e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Eastern Rock Elephant Shrew.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Star-nosed mole|Star-nosed mole]]''' ||{{nts|1.31e8}} ||
||
|[[File:Condylura.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="HofmanFalk2012" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Zebra finch|Zebra finch]]''' ||{{nts|1.31e8}} ||
|| Brain only 
|[[File:Taeniopygia_guttata_-Karratha,_Pilbara,_Western_Australia,_Australia_-male-8_(2).jpg|center|100x100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Olkowicz S, Kocourek M, Lučan RK, Porteš M, Fitch WT, Herculano-Houzel S, Němec P | title = Birds have primate-like numbers of neurons in the forebrain | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 113 | issue = 26 | pages = 7255–60 | date = June 2016 | pmid = 27298365 | pmc = 4932926 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.1517131113 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:African collared dove|African collared dove]]'''
|{{nts|1.39271e8}}
|
|
|[[File:20190730 Streptopelia roseogrisea 01.jpg|center|132x132px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Silvery mole-rat|Silvery mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|1.48e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Silvery mole-rat.png|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Northern bobwhite|Northern bobwhite]]'''
|{{nts|1.48399e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Colinus virginianus - Bird Walk.jpg|center|134x134px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Four-toed elephant shrew'''
|{{nts|1.57e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Petrodromus tetradactylus tordayi - Royal Museum for Central Africa - DSC06793.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Eurasian blackcap'''
|{{nts|1.57e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Sylvia atricapilla -Lullington Heath, East Sussex, England -male-8.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat|Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat]]'''
|{{nts|1.62e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Epomophorus wahlbergi1.jpg|185x185px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''Goldcrest'''
|{{nts|1.64e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Goldcrest (10649615636).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cape mole-rat|Cape mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|1.7e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Georychus capensis - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02826.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Grey partridge|Grey partridge]]'''
|{{nts|1.70287e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Perdix perdix (Marek Szczepanek).jpg|center|137x137px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Egyptian fruit bat|Egyptian fruit bat]]'''
|{{nts|1.72e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Rousettus aegyptiacus.jpg|173x173px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mechow's mole-rat|Mechow's mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|1.74e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Cryptomys mechowi Plzen zoo 02.2011.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Damaraland mole-rat|Damaraland mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|1.78e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Damaraland mole-rat.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Franquet's epauletted fruit bat|Franquet's epauletted fruit bat]]'''
|{{nts|1.86e8}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Brown rat|Brown rat]]'''|| {{nts|2e8}} || {{nts|4.48e11|prefix=~}}
||
|| [[File:Rattus norvegicus.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel, S. & Lent, R. 2005 2518–2521">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S, Lent R | title = Isotropic fractionator: a simple, rapid method for the quantification of total cell and neuron numbers in the brain | journal = The Journal of Neuroscience | volume = 25 | issue = 10 | pages = 2518–21 | date = March 2005 | pmid = 15758160 | pmc = 6725175 | doi = 10.1523/jneurosci.4526-04.2005 | name-list-style = amp }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Guyenne spiny rat|Guyenne spiny rat]]'''
|{{nts|2.02e8}}
|
|
|
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eastern mole|Eastern mole]]''' ||{{nts|2.04e8}} ||
||
||[[File:ScalopusAquaticus.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="HofmanFalk2012" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Elegant crested tinamou|Elegant crested tinamou]]'''
|{{nts|2.17768e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Tinamou, Elegant-crested2.jpg|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Red junglefowl'''
|{{nts|2.21e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Red Junglefowl - Thailand.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Great tit|Great tit]]'''
|{{nts|2.26e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Great tit side-on.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Green-rumped parrotlet|Green-rumped parrotlet]]'''
|{{nts|2.27e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Forpus passerinus -Venezuela-8.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Quebracho crested tinamou|Quebracho crested tinamou]]'''
|{{nts|2.35671e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Eudromia formosa (cropped).jpg|center|127x127px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Guinea pig|Guinea pig]]'''|| {{nts|2.4e8}} ||
||
|| [[File:Guinea pig.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R. 2006 12138–12143" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Chilean tinamou|Chilean tinamou]]'''
|{{nts|2.41374e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Chilean Tinamou.jpg|center|101x101px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Gray mouse lemur'''
|{{nts|2.5471e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Gray Mouse Lemur 1.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gabi M, Collins CE, Wong P, Torres LB, Kaas JH, Herculano-Houzel S | title = Cellular scaling rules for the brains of an extended number of primate species | journal = Brain, Behavior and Evolution | volume = 76 | issue = 1 | pages = 32–44 | date = 2010 | pmid = 20926854 | pmc = 2980814 | doi = 10.1159/000319872 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common wood pigeon|Common wood pigeon]]'''
|{{nts|2.58681e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Columba palumbus Glasgow 02.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Common treeshrew'''|| {{nts|2.61e8}} ||
||
||[[File:Stavenn Tupaia glis 00.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S, Collins CE, Wong P, Kaas JH | title = Cellular scaling rules for primate brains | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 104 | issue = 9 | pages = 3562–7 | date = February 2007 | pmid = 17360682 | pmc = 1805542 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0611396104 | bibcode = 2007PNAS..104.3562H | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''Hammer-headed bat'''
| {{nts|2.75e8}}
|
|
| [[File:Hypsignathus monstrosus.png|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''Wood duck'''
|{{nts|3.05816e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Brautente Wood Duck Aix sponsa.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Columbidae|Pigeon]]'''|| {{nts|3.1e8}} ||
|| Brain only 
|| [[File:Pigeon.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016"/>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Budgerigar|Budgerigar]]'''
|{{nts|3.22e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Yellow budgerigar.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Pygmy falcon|Pygmy falcon]]'''
|{{nts|3.50367e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Polihierax semitorquatus -Buffalo Springs National Park, Kenya-8.jpg|center|121x121px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cape dune mole-rat|Cape dune mole-rat]]'''
|{{nts|3.61e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Bathyergus suillus - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02831.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mallard|Mallard]]'''
|{{nts|3.67e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Anas platyrhynchos male female.jpg|center|155x155px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian teal|Eurasian teal]]'''
|{{nts|3.75409e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Eurasian teal (Anas crecca).jpg|center|135x135px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common blackbird|Common blackbird]]'''
|{{nts|3.79e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Common Blackbird.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Marbled duck|Marbled duck]]'''
|{{nts|3.8692e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Marmaronetta angustirostris qtl1.jpg|center|126x126px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Reeves's pheasant|Reeves's pheasant]]'''
|{{nts|3.87173e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Syrmaticus reevesii.jpg|center|134x134px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian sparrowhawk|Eurasian sparrowhawk]]'''
|{{nts|4.01751e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Accipiter nisus, яструб малий.jpg|center|112x112px]]
|<ref name=":15">{{Cite journal |last1=Kverková |first1=Kristina |last2=Marhounová |first2=Lucie |last3=Polonyiová |first3=Alexandra |last4=Kocourek |first4=Martin |last5=Zhang |first5=Yicheng |last6=Olkowicz |first6=Seweryn |last7=Straková |first7=Barbora |last8=Pavelková |first8=Zuzana |last9=Vodička |first9=Roman |last10=Frynta |first10=Daniel |last11=Němec |first11=Pavel |date=2022-03-15 |title=The evolution of brain neuron numbers in amniotes |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |language=en |volume=119 |issue=11 |pages=e2121624119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2121624119| pmid=35254911  |pmc=8931369 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11921624K |issn=0027-8424}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Ferret|Ferret]]'''
|{{nts|4.04e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Black footed ferret whole.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jardim-Messeder D, Lambert K, Noctor S, Pestana FM, de Castro Leal ME, Bertelsen MF, Alagaili AN, Mohammad OB, Manger PR, Herculano-Houzel S | display-authors = 6 | title = Dogs Have the Most Neurons, Though Not the Largest Brain: Trade-Off between Body Mass and Number of Neurons in the Cerebral Cortex of Large Carnivoran Species | journal = Frontiers in Neuroanatomy | volume = 11 | pages = 118 | date = 2017 | pmid = 29311850 | pmc = 5733047 | doi = 10.3389/fnana.2017.00118 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cockatiel|Cockatiel]]'''
|{{nts|4.53e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Cockatiel Sleeping.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eastern gray squirrel|Gray squirrel]]'''
|{{nts|4.5366e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) 02.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|'''Banded mongoose'''
|{{nts|4.54e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Banded Mongoose.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''Prairie dog'''
|{{nts|4.7394e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Black-Tailed Prairie Dog.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Red-breasted goose|Red-breasted goose]]'''
|{{nts|4.82705e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Red-Breasted Goose (Branta ruficollis) (3).JPG|center|148x148px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common starling|Common starling]]'''
|{{nts|4.83e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Common Starling in Wormwood Scrubs Park in spring 2013.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Wild turkey|Wild turkey]]'''
|{{nts|4.92873e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Male wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) strutting.jpg|center|117x117px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:European rabbit|European rabbit]]'''
|{{nts|4.942e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Oryctolagus cuniculus Tasmania 2.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Octopus|Octopus]]'''|| {{nts|5e8}} ||
||
||[[File:Octopus.jpg|center|100px]]||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/facts.html|title=Brain Facts and Figures|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref>
|-
|'''Western tree hyrax'''
|{{nts|5.05e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Beecroft'sTreeHyrax.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Eurasian pygmy owl'''
|{{nts|5.33263e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Eurasian pygmy owl (Glaucidium passerinum).jpg|center|121x121px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Indian peafowl'''
|{{nts|5.70934e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Indian peafowl,Pavo cristatus.jpg|center|142x142px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Victoria crowned pigeon'''
|{{nts|5.78697e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Goura victoria LC0384.jpg|center|126x126px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Little owl'''
|{{nts|5.85923e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Athene noctua - Little owl 02.jpg|center|148x148px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Common kestrel'''
|{{nts|6.24582e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Common kestrel falco tinnunculus.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common marmoset|Common marmoset]]''' ||{{nts|6.36e8}} ||
||
||[[File:Marmoset copy.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567"/>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eastern rosella|Eastern rosella]]'''
|{{nts|6.42e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Eastern Rosella at Hobart Domain upright.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Yellow-knobbed curassow|Yellow-knobbed curassow]]'''
|{{nts|6.52989e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Yellow-knobbed Curassow RWD3.jpg|center|133x133px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Barn owl|Barn owl]]'''
|{{nts|6.9e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Barn Owl (9652234894).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Monk parakeet|Monk parakeet]]'''
|{{nts|6.97e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Monk Parakeet (4303100054).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Greylag goose'''
|{{nts|7.38232e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Greylag Goose - St James's Park, London - Nov 2006.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Azure-winged magpie|Azure-winged magpie]]'''
|{{nts|7.41e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Azure-winged Magpie RWD2.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Rock hyrax'''
|{{nts|7.56e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Rock Hyrax (Procavia capensis) (7042223567).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Cat|Cat]]'''|| {{nts|7.6e8}} || {{nts|1e13|prefix=~}}
||
||[[File:Cat mouth closed.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1145/1654059.1654124 |chapter=The cat is out of the bag: cortical simulations with 10<sup>9</sup> neurons, 10<sup>13</sup> synapses |title=Proceedings of the Conference on High Performance Computing Networking, Storage and Analysis - SC '09 |year=2009 | vauthors = Ananthanarayanan R, Esser SK, Simon HD, Modha DS |isbn=978-1-60558-744-8 |pages=1–12|s2cid=6110450 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Black-rumped agouti|Black-rumped agouti]]'''|| {{nts|8.57e8}} ||
||
|| [[File:Dasyprocta punctata (Mexico).jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R. 2006 12138–12143"/>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian magpie|Magpie]]'''
|{{nts|8.97e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Magpie.arp.750pix.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common hill myna|Common hill myna]]'''
|{{nts|9.06e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Common Hill Myna - Gracula religiosa - Ninoy Aquino Parks & Wildlife Center 02.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Northern greater galago|Northern greater galago]]''' ||{{nts|9.36e8}} ||
||
||
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Western jackdaw|Western jackdaw]]'''
|{{nts|9.68e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Jackdaw arp 750pix.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Long-eared owl|Long-eared owl]]'''
|{{nts|9.9131e8}}
|
|
|[[File:Asio Otus Otus - Waldohreule - northern Germany, wild.jpg|center|138x138px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mute swan|Mute swan]]'''
|{{nts|1.001e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Cygnus olor flirt edit.jpg|center|152x152px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common buzzard|Common buzzard]]'''
|{{nts|1.001e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Buteo buteo - Common Buzzard 03.jpg|center|170x170px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Black vulture|Black vulture]]'''
|{{nts|1.009e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Coragyps atratus brasiliensis Black vulture Belém 01.jpg|center|104x104px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Greater rhea|Greater rhea]]'''
|{{nts|1.03e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Greater Rhea.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian jay|Eurasian jay]]'''
|{{nts|1.085e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Eurasian Jay on balcony.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Alexandrine parakeet|Alexandrine parakeet]]'''
|{{nts|1.096e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Alexandrine Parakeet at Lochmara Lodge.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Raccoon dog|Raccoon dog]]'''
|{{nts|1.16e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Chapultepec Zoo - Raccoon dog (03).jpg|198x198px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14">{{Cite thesis | vauthors = Salajková V |date=2020-02-03|title=Pravidla buněčného škálování mozku u psů: Efekt domestikace a miniaturizace psích plemen |publisher=Univerzita Karlova |url=https://dspace.cuni.cz/handle/20.500.11956/116599|language=cs-CZ}}</ref>
|-
|'''Tanimbar corella'''
|{{nts|1.161e9}}
|
|
|[[File:A Goffin's Cockatoo on a perch.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Saker falcon'''
|{{nts|1.204e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Saker Falcon RWD4.jpg|center|148x148px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Emu|Emu]]'''
|{{nts|1.335e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Emu chick 1.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Three-striped night monkey'''||{{nts|1.468e9}} ||
||
|
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567" />
|-
|[[Biology:Rook (bird)|'''Rook''']] 
|{{nts|1.509e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Rook Corvus frugilegus.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Grey parrot|Grey parrot]]'''
|{{nts|1.566e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Congo African Grey Parrot -head detail.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Tawny owl'''
|{{nts|1.58e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Waldkauz Strix aluco (Linnaeus, 1785).jpg|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Capybara|Capybara]]'''|| {{nts|1.6e9}} ||
||
|| [[File:Capybara.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R. 2006 12138–12143" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common ostrich|Common ostrich]]'''
|{{nts|1.62e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Masai Mara National Reserve 17 - common ostrich (Struthio camelus).jpg|center|138x138px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:White-tailed eagle|White-tailed eagle]]'''
|{{nts|1.65e9}}
|
|
|[[File:White tailed eagle raftsund square crop.jpg|center|130x130px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Golden jackal|Jackal]]'''
|{{nts|1.73e9}}
|
|
|[[File:2012-bb-jackal-1.jpg|186x186px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''Snowy owl'''
|{{nts|1.807e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Snowy Owl (240866707).jpeg|center|130x130px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Eurasian eagle-owl'''
|{{nts|1.897e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Bubo bubo.jpg|center|153x153px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Fox|Fox]]'''
|{{nts|2.11e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Fox.jpg|174x174px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Sulphur-crested cockatoo|Sulphur-crested cockatoo]]'''
|{{nts|2.122e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Cacatua galerita portrait.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Raccoon|Raccoon]]'''
|{{nts|2.148e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Racoon (3813039203).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''Kea'''
|{{nts|2.149e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Kea on car.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Raven|Raven]]'''|| {{nts|2.171e9}} ||
|| Brain only 
|| [[File:Raven (Corvus corax) (8).jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Domestic pig|Domestic pig]]'''
|{{nts|2.22e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Sow and five piglets.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kazu RS, Maldonado J, Mota B, Manger PR, Herculano-Houzel S | title = Corrigendum: Cellular scaling rules for the brain of Artiodactyla include a highly folded cortex with few neurons | journal = Frontiers in Neuroanatomy | volume = 9 | pages = 39 | date = 2015 | pmid = 25859187 | pmc = 4374476 | doi = 10.3389/fnana.2015.00039 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Dog|Dog]]'''
|{{nts|2.253e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Domestic Dog.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''Chihuahua (dog)'''
|{{nts|2.51e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Chihuahua2.jpg|134x134px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''Dog (Chow Chow)'''
|{{nts|2.61e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Chow Chow im Harz.JPG|158x158px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''Dog (Yorkshire Terrier)'''
|{{nts|2.64e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Yorkshire terrier dog 02.jpg|156x156px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Springbok|Springbok]]'''
|{{nts|2.72e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Springbok.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|'''Dog (West Highland White Terrier)'''
|{{nts|2.83e9}}
|
|
|[[File:West Highland White Terrier.JPG|145x145px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Blesbok|Blesbok]]'''
|{{nts|3.06e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Blesbok - Damaliscus pygargus albifrons.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|'''Blue-and-yellow macaw'''|| {{nts|3.136e9}} ||
|| Brain only 
|| [[File:Ara_ararauna_Luc_Viatour.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
||'''[[Biology:Common squirrel monkey|Common squirrel monkey]]'''||{{nts|3.246e9}} ||
||
|[[File:Common.squirrel.monkey.arp.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Crab-eating macaque|Crab-eating macaque]]'''
|{{nts|3.44e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Crab eating macaque face.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|'''Dog (German Shepherd)'''
|{{nts|3.53e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Black-german-shepherd-29944091920.jpg|157x157px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
||'''Tufted capuchin'''||{{nts|3.691e9}} ||
||
||[[File:Sapajus apella apella (French Guyana) 4.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Bonnet macaque|Bonnet macaque]]'''
|{{nts|3.78e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Bonnet Macaque Kodaikanal.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Striped hyena|Striped hyena]]'''
|{{nts|3.885e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Striped Hyena 5.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''Dog (Komondor)'''
|{{nts|3.99e9}}
|
|
|
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''Dog (Transylvanian Hound)'''
|{{nts|4.39e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Siculus Alma Tisza.JPG|120x120px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Lion|Lion]]'''
|{{nts|4.667e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Lion waiting in Namibia.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Greater kudu|Greater kudu]]'''
|{{nts|4.91e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Male greater kudu.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
||'''[[Biology:Rhesus macaque|Rhesus macaque]]''' ||{{nts|6.376e9}} ||
||
|[[File:Macaca mulatta in Guiyang.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Brown bear|Brown bear]]'''
|{{nts|9.586e9}}
|
|
|[[File:Kamchatka Brown Bear near Dvuhyurtochnoe on 2015-07-23.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Giraffe|Giraffe]]'''
|{{nts|1.075e10}}
|
|
|[[File:Giraffe.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|'''Yellow baboon'''
|{{nts|1.095e10}}
|
|
|[[File:Yellow Baboon - Mikumi National Park.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Chimpanzee|Chimpanzee]]''' || {{nts|2.8e10}} || 
||
||[[File:Lightmatter chimp.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name=":7">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S | title = The remarkable, yet not extraordinary, human brain as a scaled-up primate brain and its associated cost | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 109 | pages = 10661–8 | date = June 2012 | issue = Suppl 1 | pmid = 22723358 | pmc = 3386878 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.1201895109 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Orangutan|Orangutan]]''' || {{nts|3.26e10}} ||
|| 
|| [[File:Orang_Utan,_Semenggok_Forest_Reserve,_Sarawak,_Borneo,_Malaysia.JPG|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S, Kaas JH | title = Gorilla and orangutan brains conform to the primate cellular scaling rules: implications for human evolution | journal = Brain, Behavior and Evolution | volume = 77 | issue = 1 | pages = 33–44 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21228547 | pmc = 3064932 | doi = 10.1159/000322729 }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Gorilla|Gorilla]]''' || {{nts|3.34e10}} ||
|| 
|| [[File:Male gorilla in SF zoo.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2011" />
|-
|[[Biology:Common minke whale|'''Common minke whale''']]
|5.7 × 10<sup>10</sup>
|
|
|[[File:Balaenoptera acutorostrata - Minke whale - Horta.jpg|thumb]]
|<ref name=":16">{{Cite web |title=Plataforma Sucupira |url=https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=6349577 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=sucupira.capes.gov.br}}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Human|Human]]'''|| {{nts|8.6e10}}|| {{nts|1.5e14|prefix=~}}
|| Neurons for average adult
|| [[File:Akha cropped hires.JPG|center|100px]]<!-- image from [[Biology:Human|Human]] where long discussion has settled it - see Talk:Human#Lead image -->
||<ref name="CompNeuro2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Azevedo FA, Carvalho LR, Grinberg LT, Farfel JM, Ferretti RE, Leite RE, Jacob Filho W, Lent R, Herculano-Houzel S | display-authors = 6 | title = Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up primate brain | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 513 | issue = 5 | pages = 532–41 | date = April 2009 | pmid = 19226510 | doi = 10.1002/cne.21974 | s2cid = 5200449 }}</ref><ref name=":8">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S | title = The remarkable, yet not extraordinary, human brain as a scaled-up primate brain and its associated cost | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 109 Suppl 1 | issue = Supplement_1 | pages = 10661–8 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22723358 | pmc = 3386878 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.1201895109 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid19915731">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tower DB | title = Structural and functional organization of mammalian cerebral cortex; the correlation of neurone density with brain size; cortical neurone density in the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus L.) with a note on the cortical neurone density in the Indian elephant | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 101 | issue = 1 | pages = 19–51 | date = August 1954 | pmid = 13211853 | doi = 10.1002/cne.901010103 | s2cid = 10396499 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Biology:Short-finned pilot whale|'''Short-finned pilot whale''']]
|1.28 × 10<sup>11</sup>
|
|
|[[File:Globicephala macrorhynchus Tenerife 2012.jpg|thumb]]
|<ref name=":16" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:African elephant|African elephant]]'''|| {{nts|2.57e11}} ||
|| 
|| [[File:African Bush Elephant.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2014">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S, Avelino-de-Souza K, Neves K, Porfírio J, Messeder D, Mattos Feijó L, Maldonado J, Manger PR | display-authors = 6 | title = The elephant brain in numbers | journal = Frontiers in Neuroanatomy | volume = 8 | pages = 46 | year = 2014 | pmid = 24971054 | pmc = 4053853 | doi = 10.3389/fnana.2014.00046 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/brainwaves/searching-for-the-elephants-genius-inside-the-largest-brain-on-land/ |publisher=Scientificamerica |date=26 February 2014 |title=Searching For The Elephant's Genius Inside the Largest Brain on Land}}</ref>
|}

==List of animal species by forebrain (cerebrum or pallium) neuron number==
The question of what physical characteristic of an animal makes an animal intelligent has varied over the centuries.  One early speculation was brain size (or weight, which provides the same ordering.)  A second proposal was [[Physics:Brain-to-body mass ratio|brain-to-body-mass ratio]], and a third was [[Physics:Encephalization quotient|encephalization quotient]], sometimes referred to as EQ.  The current best predictor is number of neurons in the forebrain, based on Herculano-Houzel's improved neuron counts.<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009" />  It accounts most accurately for variations in dependence on the [[Biology:Cerebellum|cerebellum]].  The elephant depends on its exceptionally large cerebellum, while birds make do with a much smaller one.

Differing methods have been used to count neurons and these may differ in degree of reliability. These are the optical fractionator, an application of [[Physics:Stereology|stereology]] and the isotropic fractionator, a recent methodological innovation.  Most numbers in the list are the result of studies using the newer isotropic fractionator.<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R. 2006 12138–12143" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel, S. & Lent, R. 2005 2518–2521" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel S, Collins C, Wong P, Kaas J. 2007 3562–3567" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel2011" /><ref name="CompNeuro2009" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel2014" /><ref name=":9" />  A variation of the optical fractionator was responsible for the previous total human brain neuron count of 100,000,000,000 neurons, which has been revised down to 86,000,000,000 by the use of the isotropic fractionator. This is in part why it may be considered to be less reliable. Finally, some numbers are the result of estimations based on correlations observed between number of cortical neurons and brain mass within closely related taxa.

The following table gives information on the number of neurons estimated to be in the sensory-associative structure: the [[Biology:Cerebral cortex|cerebral cortex]] (aka [[Biology:Pallium (neuroanatomy)|pallium]]) for mammals, the dorsal ventricular ridge ("DVR" or "hypopallium") of the pallium for birds, and the corpora pedunculata ("mushroom bodies") for insects.

<!--To keep this list sortable, please put only one figure under Neurons, further details can be given under details, such as done with Ants -->
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|- bgcolor="#ececec"
! Common name|| data-sort-type="number" | Average number of sensory-associative structure neurons{{Efn|1=^   =  Estimated
{{break}}{{asterisk}}   =   Optical fractionator|name=a|group=}}
!Intraspecific variation{{Efn|± standard deviation|name=b|group=}}
!Method{{Efn|For the estimated values, the numbers of cortical neurons estimated from brain mass for different mammalian and bird orders are based on correlation observed between number of cortical neuron and brain mass per order<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />|name=c|group=}}|| class="unsortable" |Sensory-associative structure|| class="unsortable" |Binomial nomenclature|| class="unsortable" |Image ||class="unsortable" |Source
|-
|'''Common fruit fly'''
|2,500*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Corpora pedunculata
|''Drosophila melanogaster''
|[[File:Drosophila melanogaster Proboscis.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="n insects 1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Heisenberg M | title = What do the mushroom bodies do for the insect brain? an introduction | journal = Learning & Memory | volume = 5 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 1–10 | date = May 1998 | doi = 10.1101/lm.5.1.1 | pmid = 10454369 | pmc = 311238 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:House cricket|House cricket]]'''
|50,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Corpora pedunculata
|''Acheta domesticus''
|[[File:Acheta domesticus, adultes Weibchen.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="n insects 1" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Honey bee|Honey bee]]'''
|170,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Corpora pedunculata
|Genus: ''Apis''
|[[File:The Lone Pollinator.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="n insects 1" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:American cockroach|Common cockroach]]'''
|200,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Corpora pedunculata
|Genus: ''Periplaneta''
|[[File:American-cockroach.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="n insects 1" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:African sheath-tailed bat|African sheath-tailed bat]]'''
|5,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Coleura afra''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Rufous trident bat|Rufous trident bat]]'''
|6,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Triaenops persicus''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Naked mole-rat|Naked mole-rat]]'''
|6,000,000
|± 1,065,587<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Heterocephalus glaber''
|[[File:Naked Mole rat baby.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|'''Little free-tailed bat'''
|6,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Chaerephon pumilus''
|[[File:Chaerephon pumilus.jpeg|179x179px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common bent-wing bat|Common bent-wing bat]]'''
|6,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Miniopterus schreibersii''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''Commerson's roundleaf bat'''
|8,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Hipposideros commersoni''
|[[File:Commerson's Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros commersoni) (10291616316).jpg|228x228px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Heart-nosed bat|Heart-nosed bat]]'''
|10,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Cardioderma cor''
|[[File:Cardioderma cor - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02562.JPG|172x172px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Ansell's mole-rat|Ansell's mole-rat]]'''
|10,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Fukomys anselli''
|[[File:Graumull IMG 4042.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Smoky shrew|Smoky shrew]]'''
|10,000,000
|± 352,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Sorex fumeus''
|[[File:SmokyShrew23.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Short-palated fruit bat|Short-palated fruit bat]]'''
|10,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Casinycteris argynnis''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mashona mole-rat|Mashona mole-rat]]'''
|12,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Fukomys darlingi''
|
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''Woermann's bat'''
|12,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Megaloglossus woermanni''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Northern short-tailed shrew|Northern short-tailed shrew]]'''
|12,000,000
|± 1,569,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Blarina brevicauda''
|[[File:Blarina brevicauda.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Zenker's fruit bat|Zenker's fruit bat]]'''
|13,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Scotonycteris zenkeri''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:House mouse|House mouse]]'''
|| 14,000,000
|± 2,242,257<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Mus musculus''
|| [[File:Мышь_3.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Hairy-tailed mole|Hairy-tailed mole]]'''
|16,000,000
|± 2,611,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Parascalops breweri''
|[[File:The quadrupeds of North America (Plate LXXIV) (7748318398).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Star-nosed mole|Star-nosed mole]]'''
|17,000,000
|± 3,105,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Condylura cristata''
|[[File:Condylura.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Golden hamster|Golden hamster]]'''
|17,000,000
|± 3,619,934<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Mesocricetus auratus''
|[[File:Peach the pet hamster.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Diamond dove|Diamond dove]]'''
|18,209,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Geopelia cuneata''
|[[File:Geopelia cuneata - Wüstenhaus 3.jpg|center|131x131px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:King quail|King quail]]'''
|20,523,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Synoicus chinensis''
|[[File:Excalfactoria chinensis (aka).jpg|center|109x109px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Damaraland mole-rat|Damaraland mole-rat]]'''
|21,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Fukomys damarensis''
|[[File:Damaraland mole-rat.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Hottentot golden mole|Hottentot golden mole]]'''
|22,000,000
|± 2,154,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Amblysomus hottentotus''
|[[File:Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen (Plate 39) (8557402518).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Gray mouse lemur'''
|22,310,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|Microcebus murinus
|[[File:Gray Mouse Lemur 1 edit.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common quail|Common quail]]'''
|22,568,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Coturnix coturnix''
|[[File:Kerro- Coturnix coturnix.jpg|center|137x137px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mechow's mole-rat|Mechow's mole-rat]]'''
|23,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Fukomys mechowii''
|[[File:Cryptomys mechowi Plzen zoo 02.2011.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Franquet's epauletted fruit bat|Franquet's epauletted fruit bat]]'''
|23,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Epomops franqueti''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''Hammer-headed bat'''
|24,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Hypsignathus mostrosus''
|
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Hedgehog|Hedgehog]]'''
|| 24,000,000^
|
|Estimated
|Pallium (cortex)
|| Subfamily Erinaceinae, various species
|| [[File:Igel01.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Fasolo2011">{{cite book| vauthors = Fasolo A |title=The Theory of Evolution and Its Impact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_zZ20TIownIC&pg=PA182|date=30 November 2011|publisher=[[Company:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=978-88-470-1973-7|page=182}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Silvery mole-rat|Silvery mole-rat]]'''
|25,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Heliophobius argenteocinereus''
|[[File:Silvery mole-rat.png|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat|Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat]]'''
|26,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Epomophorus wahlbergi''
|[[File:Epomophorus wahlbergi1.jpg|215x215px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cape mole-rat|Cape mole-rat]]'''
|26,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Georychus capensis''
|[[File:Georychus capensis - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02826.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Guyenne spiny rat|Guyenne spiny rat]]'''
|26,000,000
|± 2,155,723<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Proechimys cayennensis''
|
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Eastern rock elephant shrew'''
|26,000,000
|± 4,020,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Elephantulus myurus''
|[[File:Eastern Rock Elephant Shrew.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eastern mole|Eastern mole]]'''
|27,000,000
|± 5,113,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Scalopus aquaticus''
|[[File:ScalopusAquaticus.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|-
| '''[[Biology:Opossum|Opossum]]'''
|| 27,000,000^
|
|Estimated
|Pallium (cortex)
||''Didelphis virginiana''
|| [[File:Opossum 2.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="Fasolo2011" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Egyptian fruit bat|Egyptian fruit bat]]'''
|29,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Rousettus aegyptiacus''
|[[File:Rousettus aegyptiacus.jpg|186x186px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":12" />
|-
| '''Brown Rat'''
|| 31,000,000
| + 3,034,654<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Rattus norvegicus''
|| [[File:Rat diabetic.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Four-toed elephant shrew'''
|34,000,000
|± 5,840,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Petrodromus tetradactylus''
|[[File:Petrodromus tetradactylus tordayi - Royal Museum for Central Africa - DSC06793.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Grey partridge|Grey partridge]]'''
|36,882,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Perdix perdix''
|[[File:Perdix perdix (Marek Szczepanek).jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Ferret|Ferret]]'''
|38,950,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Mustela putorius furo''
|[[File:Black footed ferret cropped.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Northern bobwhite|Northern bobwhite]]'''
|39,112,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Colinus virginianus''
|[[File:Colinus virginianus - Bird Walk.jpg|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:African collared dove|African collared dove]]'''
|39,997,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Streptopelia roseogrisea''
|[[File:Streptopelia roseogrisea, Waza NP, Cameroon.jpg|center|124x124px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Cape dune mole-rat|Cape dune mole-rat]]'''
|43,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Bathyergus suillus''
|[[File:Georychus capensis - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC02826.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":5" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Guinea pig|Guinea pig]]'''
|43,510,000
|± 3,169,924<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Cavia porcellus''
|[[File:Cavia porcellus.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Quebracho crested tinamou|Quebracho crested tinamou]]'''
|48,292,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Eudromia formosa''
|[[File:Eudromia formosa (cropped).jpg|center|126x126px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common wood pigeon|Common wood pigeon]]'''
|51,325,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Columba palumbus''
|[[File:20200525 Gołąb grzywacz w Krakowie 1614 1886.jpg|center|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Elegant crested tinamou|Elegant crested tinamou]]'''
|51,384,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Eudromia elegans''
|[[File:Tinamou, Elegant-crested2.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Eurasian blackcap'''
|52,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Sylvia atricapilla''
|[[File:Sylvia atricapilla -Lullington Heath, East Sussex, England -male-8.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Prairie dog'''
|53,770,000
|± 6,044,322<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|Genus:''Cynomys''
|[[File:Prairie Dog Washington Zoo.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Zebra finch|Zebra finch]]'''
|55,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Taeniopygia guttata''
|[[File:Taeniopygia guttata - profile - dundee wildlife park.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Chilean tinamou|Chilean tinamou]]'''
|59,130,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Nothoprocta perdicaria''
|[[File:Chilean Tinamou.jpg|center|103x103px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Common treeshrew'''
|60,000,000
|± 26,510,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Tupaia glis''
|[[File:Stavenn Tupaia glis 00.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''Red junglefowl'''
|61,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Gallus gallus''
|[[File:Gallus gallus.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Goldcrest'''
|64,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Regulus regulus''
|[[File:Goldcrest 1.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:European rabbit|European rabbit]]'''
|71,450,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Oryctolagus cuniculus''
|[[File:Oryctolagus cuniculus Tasmania 2.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Rock dove|Rock dove]]'''
|72,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Columba livia''
|[[File:Rock Pigeon Columba livia.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eastern gray squirrel|Eastern gray squirrel]]'''
|77,330,000
|± 2,634,444<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Sciurius carolinensis''
|[[File:Eastern Grey Squirrel in St James's Park, London - Nov 2006 edit.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Reeves's pheasant|Reeves's pheasant]]'''
|80,688,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Syrmaticus reevesii''
|[[File:20200318Syrmaticus reevesii.jpg|center|147x147px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Great tit|Great tit]]'''
|83,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Parus major''
|[[File:Great tit side-on.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian sparrowhawk|Eurasian sparrowhawk]]'''
|87,832,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Accipiter nisus''
|[[File:Accipiter nisus, яструб малий.jpg|center|124x124px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Western tree hyrax'''
|99,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Dendrohyrax dorsalis''
|[[File:Beecroft'sTreeHyrax.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Green-rumped parrotlet|Green-rumped parrotlet]]'''
|103,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Forpus passerinus''
|[[File:Forpus passerinus-Venezuela-8a.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Wild turkey|Wild turkey]]'''
|105,654,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Meleagris gallopavo''
|[[File:Male wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) strutting.jpg|center|105x105px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mallard|Mallard]]'''
|112,255,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Anas platyrhynchos''
|[[File:Anas platyrhynchos male female.jpg|center|132x132px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Black-rumped agouti|Black-rumped agouti]]'''
|113,000,000
|± 2,576,768<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Dasyprocta prymnolopha''
|[[File:Dasyprocta punctata (Mexico).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009"/>
|-
|'''Banded mongoose'''
|115,770,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Mungos mungo''
|[[File:Mungos mungo qtl1.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''Victoria crowned pigeon'''
|118,445,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Goura victoria''
|[[File:Goura victoria LC0384.jpg|center|115x115px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Yellow-knobbed curassow|Yellow-knobbed curassow]]'''
|124,624,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Crax daubentoni''
|[[File:Crax daubentoni - zoo de Vincennes.JPG|center|141x141px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Indian peafowl'''
|129,621,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Pavo cristatus''
|[[File:Indian peafowl,Pavo cristatus, dance.jpg|center|136x136px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Marbled duck|Marbled duck]]'''
|130,142,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Marmaronetta angustirostris''
|[[File:Marmaronetta angustirostris qtl1.jpg|center|132x132px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Pygmy falcon|Pygmy falcon]]'''
|131,898,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Polihierax semitorquatus''
|[[File:PygmyFalcon.jpg|center|133x133px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common blackbird|Common blackbird]]'''
|136,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Turdus merula''
|[[File:Common Blackbird.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Wood duck'''
|138,206,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Aix sponsa''
|[[File:Aix sponsa -Ouwehands Dierenpark-8a.jpg|center|132x132px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Red-breasted goose|Red-breasted goose]]'''
|148,617,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Branta ruficollis''
|[[File:Red-Breasted Goose (Branta ruficollis) (3).JPG|center|151x151px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Budgerigar|Budgerigar]]'''
|| 149,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|| ''Melopsittacus undulatus''
|| [[File:Budgie001.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian teal|Eurasian teal]]'''
|167,287,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Anas crecca''
|[[File:Anas crecca × Anas carolinensis, Redwood City, California.jpg|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Rock hyrax'''
|198,000,000
|± 29,082,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Procavia capensis''
|[[File:Rock Hyrax (Procavia capensis) (7042223567).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Northern greater galago|Northern greater galago]]'''
|226,000,000
|± 87,570,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Otolemur garnettii''
||[[File:Garnett's Galago (Greater Bushbaby).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common starling|Common starling]]'''
|226,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Sturnus vulgaris''
|[[File:Sturnus vulgaris -California-8.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Common kestrel'''
|237,903,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Falco tinnunculus''
|[[File:Common kestrel falco tinnunculus.jpg|center|142x142px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Raccoon dog|Raccoon dog]]'''
|240,180,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Nyctereutes procyonoides''
|[[File:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2 (Piotr Kuczynski).jpg|159x159px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common marmoset|Common marmoset]]'''
|245,000,000
|± 81,180,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Callithrix jacchus''
|[[File:Marmoset copy.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
| '''House cat'''
|| 249,830,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Felis catus'' 
|| [[File:Cat mouth closed.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Brown bear|Brown bear]]'''
|250,970,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Ursus arctos''
|[[File:Brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) running.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Cockatiel|Cockatiel]]'''
|| 258,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|| ''Nymphicus hollandicus''
|| [[File:Nymphicus_hollandicus_-perching_on_wires_-Australia-6a.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Greylag goose'''
|258,650,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Anser anser''
|[[File:Greylag Goose - St James's Park, London - Nov 2006.jpg|center|130x130px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Capybara|Capybara]]'''
|306,500,000
|± 62,726,120<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris''
|[[File:Capybaras in riga zoo.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
| '''''[[Biology:Tarsius|Tarsius]]'''''
|| 310,000,000
|
|Estimated
|Pallium (cortex)
|| Genus: ''Tarsius'', unknown species
|| [[File:Tarsius tarsier Tandurusa zoo.JPG|center|100px]]
||<ref name="QuartonMelnechuk1967"/>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mute swan|Mute swan]]'''
|323,661,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Cygnus olor''
|[[File:Cygnus olor flirt edit.jpg|center|128x128px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Greater rhea|Greater rhea]]'''
|330,342,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Rhea americana''
|[[File:Greater Rhea.jpg|center|135x135px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eastern rosella|Eastern rosella]]'''
|333,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Platycercus eximius''
|[[File:Platycercus eximius diemenensis.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common buzzard|Common buzzard]]'''
|351,700,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Buteo buteo''
|[[File:CommonBuzzard DSCN4422.jpg|center|143x143px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Red fox|Red fox]]'''
|355,010,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Vulpes vulpes''
|[[File:Vulpes vulpes laying in snow.jpg|180x180px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''Goeldi's marmoset'''
|357,130,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Callimico goeldii''
|[[File:MP-Callimico goeldii.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|'''Eurasian pygmy owl'''
|364,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Glaucidium passerinum''
|[[File:Eurasian pygmy owl (Glaucidium passerinum).jpg|center|152x152px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Western grey kangaroo|Western grey kangaroo]]'''
|370,170,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Macropus fuliginosus''
|[[File:Western Grey Kangaroo SMC 2006.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="dsa">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dos Santos SE, Porfirio J, da Cunha FB, Manger PR, Tavares W, Pessoa L, Raghanti MA, Sherwood CC, Herculano-Houzel S | display-authors = 6 | title = Cellular Scaling Rules for the Brains of Marsupials: Not as "Primitive" as Expected | journal = Brain, Behavior and Evolution | volume = 89 | issue = 1 | pages = 48–63 | year = 2017 | pmid = 28125804 | doi = 10.1159/000452856 | doi-access = free }} Table S1: Cellular composition of the Marsupial brains.</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Golden jackal|Golden jackal]]'''
|393,620,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis aureus''
|[[File:Canis aureus Kaeng Krachan national park.jpg|189x189px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Monk parakeet|Monk parakeet]]'''
|396,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Myiopsitta monachus''
|[[File:Myiopsitta monachus monachus 3.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Springbok|Springbok]]'''
|396,900,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Antidorcas marsupialis''
|[[File:Springbok.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Black vulture|Black vulture]]'''
|398,899,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Coragyps atratus''
|[[File:Coragyps-atratus-001.jpg|center|90x90px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Azure-winged magpie|Azure-winged magpie]]'''
|400,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Cyanopica cyanus''
|[[File:Cyanopica cyanus Yokohama 6.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Little owl'''
|400,822,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Athene noctua''
|[[File:Athene noctua - the little owl.jpg|center|125x125px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common hill myna|Common hill myna]]'''
|410,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Gracula religiosa''
|[[File:Gracula religiosa robusta-01.JPG|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
| '''Domesticated pig'''
|| 425,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
||''Sus scrofa domesticus''
|| [[File:Sow with piglet.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://jeb.biologists.org/content/209/8/ii.full|year=2006|doi=10.1242/jeb.02215|access-date=15 July 2015|last1=Phillips|first1=Kathryn|title=Learning from Pig Brains|journal=Journal of Experimental Biology|volume=209|issue=8|pages=ii|s2cid=144033784|doi-access=free}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Barn owl|Barn owl]]'''
|437,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Tyto alba''
|[[File:Tyto alba 1 Luc Viatour.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Emu|Emu]]'''
|439,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Dromaius novaehollandiae''
|[[File:Dromaius novaehollandiae - 02.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''West Highland White Terrier'''
|440,160,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|[[File:West Highland White Terrier Yoshi.jpg|155x155px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''Three-striped night monkey'''
|442,000,000
|± 111,310,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Aotus trivirgatus''
|[[File:Stavenn Aotus trivirgatus 00.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009"/>
|-
|'''Saker falcon'''
|442,946,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Falco cherrug''
|[[File:Falco cherrug 1 (Bohuš Číčel).jpg|center|155x155px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian magpie|Eurasian magpie]]'''
|443,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Pica pica''
|[[File:Pica pica - 01.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Raccoon|Raccoon]]'''
|453,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Procyon lotor''
|[[File:Raccoon (4152678243).jpg|frameless|center|100px]]
||<ref name=":9">{{cite web | vauthors = Lambert KG, Bardi M, Landis T, Hyer MM, Rzucidlo A, Gehrt S, Anchor C, Jardim Messeder D, Herculano-Houzel S | title = Behind the Mask: Neurobiological indicants of emotional resilience and cognitive function in wild raccoons (Procyon lotor) | year = 2014 | publisher = Society for Neuroscience | url = http://www.abstractsonline.com/Plan/ViewAbstract.aspx?sKey=48d9bb42-832e-444b-82b8-8ea903069fa8&cKey=3d5be0a8-3a7b-4c7d-a18c-ce72d34b8b26&mKey=54c85d94-6d69-4b09-afaa-502c0e680ca7 | name-list-style = vanc}}</ref>
|-
|'''Chow Chow'''
|471,500,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|[[File:Chow Chow im Harz.JPG|128x128px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common ostrich|Common ostrich]]'''
|479,410,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Struthio camelus''
|[[File:Avestruz de cuello azul (Struthio camelus australis), cabo de Buena Esparanza, Sudáfrica, 2018-07-23, DD 87.jpg|center|97x97px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Western jackdaw|Western jackdaw]]'''
|492,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Coloeus monedula''
|[[File:CROP. Corvus monedula, naakka, Naantalin hautausmaa, Naantali, 8.11.2011..jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Striped hyena|Striped hyena]]'''
|495,280,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Hyaena hyaena''
|[[File:Streifenhyaene Hyaena hyaena Zoo Augsburg-09.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''Chihuahua'''
|513,330,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|[[File:Chihuahua2.jpg|169x169px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Eurasian jay|Eurasian jay]]'''
|529,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Garrulus glandarius''
|[[File:Garrulus glandarius 1 Luc Viatour.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:White-tailed eagle|White-tailed eagle]]'''
|542,926,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Haliaeetus albicilla''
|[[File:White tailed eagle raftsund square crop.jpg|center|118x118px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Lion|Lion]]'''
|545,240,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Panthera leo''
|[[File:Lions Family Portrait Masai Mara.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Blesbok|Blesbok]]'''
|570,670,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi''
|[[File:Blesbok at NC zoo.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|'''Yorkshire Terrier'''
|572,140,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|[[File:Yorkshire terrier dog 03.jpg|169x169px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Alexandrine parakeet|Alexandrine parakeet]]'''
|575,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Psittacula eupatria''
|[[File:Alexandrine Parakeet (Psittacula eupatria), Jurong Bird Park, Singapore - 20090613.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Tanimbar corella'''
|599,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Cacatua goffiniana''
|[[File:Cacatua goffiniana -captive-8a-3c.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Golden retriever'''
|| 627,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Canis lupus familiaris''
|| [[File:Golden Retriever Carlos (10581910556).jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name=":3" />
|-
| '''Gracile capuchin monkey'''
|| 650,000,000^
|
|Estimated
|Pallium (cortex)
|| Genus: ''Cebus''
|| [[File:Capuchin Costa Rica.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="HofmanFalk2012p424">{{cite book| vauthors = Hofman MA, Falk D |title=Evolution of the Primate Brain: From Neuron to Behavior|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aV3aTfHQQ1kC&pg=PA424|date=2 March 2012|publisher=[[Company:Elsevier|Elsevier]]|isbn=978-0-444-53867-3|page=424}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Long-eared owl|Long-eared owl]]'''
|673,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Asio otus''
|[[File:Asio Otus Otus - Waldohreule - northern Germany, wild.jpg|center|98x98px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Transylvanian Hound'''
|725,760,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|[[File:Transylvanian Hound.jpg|151x151px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Greater kudu|Greater kudu]]'''
|762,570,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Tragelaphus strepsiceros''
|[[File:Male greater kudu.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Crab-eating macaque|Crab-eating macaque]]'''
|800,960,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Macaca fascicularis''
|[[File:Macaca-fascicularis flk18447014.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|[[Biology:Rook (bird)|'''Rook''']] 
|820,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Corvus frugilegus''
|[[File:Corvus Frugilegus Berlin-2.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Beagle'''
|| 844,410,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Canis lupus familiaris''
|| [[File:Bronco the Beagle.JPG|center|100px]]
||<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Grey parrot|Grey parrot]]'''
|850,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Psittacus erithacus''
|[[File:Psittacus erithacus qtl1.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Komondor'''
|883,380,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|[[File:Komondor IMG 0329.JPG|168x168px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''German Shepherd'''
|885,460,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|[[File:Black-german-shepherd-29944091920.jpg|175x175px|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":14" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Sulphur-crested cockatoo|Sulphur-crested cockatoo]]'''
|1,135,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Cacatua galerita''
|[[File:Cacatua galerita portrait.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Tufted capuchin'''
|1,140,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Sapajus apella''
|[[File:Sapajus apella apella (French Guyana) 4.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009"/>
|-
|'''Tawny owl'''
|1,153,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Strix aluco''
|[[File:Waldkauz-Strix aluco.jpg|center|137x137px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''Harp seal'''
|1,168,000,000^
6,100,000,000*
|
|Estimated
Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Pagophilus groenlandicus''
|[[File:Harp seal.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":11">{{cite journal | vauthors = Herculano-Houzel S | title = Longevity and sexual maturity vary across species with number of cortical neurons, and humans are no exception | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 527 | issue = 10 | pages = 1689–1705 | date = July 2019 | pmid = 30350858 | doi = 10.1002/cne.24564 | s2cid = 53033539 }}</ref><ref name="Walløe 2129–2135">{{cite journal | vauthors = Walløe S, Eriksen N, Dabelsteen T, Pakkenberg B | title = A neurological comparative study of the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) brain | journal = Anatomical Record | volume = 293 | issue = 12 | pages = 2129–35 | date = December 2010 | pmid = 21077171 | doi = 10.1002/ar.21295 | s2cid = 2636107 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Horse|Horse]]'''
|| 1,200,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Equus ferus caballus''
|| [[File:Nokota Horses cropped.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Haug H | title = Brain sizes, surfaces, and neuronal sizes of the cortex cerebri: a stereological investigation of man and his variability and a comparison with some mammals (primates, whales, marsupials, insectivores, and one elephant) | journal = The American Journal of Anatomy | volume = 180 | issue = 2 | pages = 126–42 | date = October 1987 | pmid = 3673918 | doi = 10.1002/aja.1001800203 }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Raven|Raven]]'''
|| 1,204,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|| ''Corvus corax''
|| [[File:Corvus_corax_jouveniles.jpeg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Snowy owl'''
|1,270,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Bubo scandiacus''
|[[File:Snowy Owl (240866707).jpeg|center|146x146px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
| '''Kea'''
|| 1,281,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|| ''Nestor notabilis''
|| [[File:Kea.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''Eurasian eagle-owl'''
|1,328,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Bubo bubo''
|[[File:Eagle Owl IMG 9203.JPG|center|149x149px]]
|<ref name=":15" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common squirrel monkey|Common squirrel monkey]]'''
|1,340,000,000
|± 20,000,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Saimiri sciureus''
|[[File:Saimiri sciureus-1 Luc Viatour.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Bonnet macaque|Bonnet macaque]]'''
|1,660,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Macaca radiata''
|[[File:Bonnet Macaque Macaca radiata Threat display by Dr. Raju Kasambe DSCN5340 (5).jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Rhesus macaque|Rhesus macaque]]'''
|| 1,710,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Macaca mulatta''
|| [[File:Macaca mulatta in Guiyang.jpg|center|100px]]
|-
|'''[[Biology:Giraffe|Giraffe]]'''
|1,731,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Giraffa camelopardalis''
|[[File:Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| '''Blue and yellow macaw'''
|| 1,900,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (DVR)
|| ''Ara ararauna''
|| [[File:Schl%C3%A4frige_Gelbbrustaras_(sleepy_Blue-and-yellow_Macaws)_Weltvogelpark_Walsrode_2010.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref name="OlkowiczKocourek2016" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Pygmy sperm whale|Pygmy sperm whale]]'''
|2,020,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Kogia breviceps''
|[[File:Pygmy sperm whale.jpg|center|150px]]
|<ref name=":10">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ridgway SH, Brownson RH, Van Alstyne KR, Hauser RA | title = Higher neuron densities in the cerebral cortex and larger cerebellums may limit dive times of delphinids compared to deep-diving toothed whales | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 14 | issue = 12 | pages = e0226206 | date = 2019-12-16 | pmid = 31841529 | pmc = 6914331 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0226206 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2019PLoSO..1426206R }} Note:Total number of neurons listed in "S1 Table: Values from the current studies compared to published values", which downloads when you click on the "Click here for additional data file" in the "Supporting information" section.</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Leopard seal|Leopard seal]]'''
|2,386,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Hydrurga leptonyx''
|[[File:Leopard seal 2.jpg|center|frameless|183x183px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Guenon|Guenon]]'''
|| 2,500,000,000^
|
|Estimated
|Pallium (cortex)
|| Genus: ''Cercopithecus'', unknown species
||[[File:FranceNormandieChamprepusCercopithecusDiana.jpg|center|120x120px|alt=]]
||<ref name="QuartonMelnechuk1967">{{cite book| vauthors = Quarton GC, Melnechuk T, Schmitt FO |title=The neurosciences|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JJLqUvnKGSAC&pg=PA732|year=1967|publisher=Rockefeller University Press|page=732|id=GGKEY:DF21HXQKLNX}}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Southern pig-tailed macaque|Pigtail Macaque]]'''
|2,531,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Macaca nemestrina''
|[[File:(Macaca.nemestrina-1-PragueZOO.jpg|center|frameless|133x133px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''Gelada baboon'''
|2,568,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Theropithecus gelada''
|[[File:Gelada (Theropithecus gelada gelada) juvenile male.jpg|center|frameless|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Red-and-green macaw|Red-and-green macaw]]'''
|2,646,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Ara chloropterus''
|[[File:Red-and-green Macaw 02.jpg|center|frameless|133x133px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''Harbor porpoise'''
|2,750,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Phocoena phocoena''
|[[File:Ecomare - bruinvis Michael in 2015 (bruinvis-michael2015-9313-sw).jpg|center|150px]]
|<ref name=":11" /><ref name="Walløe 2129–2135" />
|-
|'''Yellow baboon'''
|2,880,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Papio cynocephalus''
|[[File:Papio cynocephalus.jpg|center|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Hyacinth macaw|Hyacinth macaw]]'''
|2,944,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (DVR)
|''Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus''
|[[File:Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) feeding on palm nuts ... - Flickr - berniedup.jpg|center|frameless|100x100px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''Hamadryas baboon'''
|2,990,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Papio hamadryas''
|[[File:Hamadryas baboon (Papio hamadryas) female.jpg|center|frameless|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Mandrill|Mandrill]]'''
|3,102,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Mandrillus sphinx''
|[[File:Mandrill portrait (2), Berlin Zoo.jpg|center|frameless|134x134px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Walrus|Walrus]]'''
|3,929,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Odobenus rosmarus''
|[[File:Noaa-walrus30.jpg|center|frameless|154x154px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Southern elephant seal|Southern elephant seal]]'''
|3,994,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Mirounga leonina''
|[[File:Southern Elephant Seal poses seductively on the beach (5797919211).jpg|center|frameless|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:African elephant|African elephant]]'''
|| 5,600,000,000
|
|Isotropic fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
||''Loxodonta africana''
||[[File:Elephant in Botswana.JPG|center|133x133px|alt=]]
||<ref name="Herculano-Houzel2014" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Short-beaked common dolphin|Short-beaked common dolphin]]'''
|6,700,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Delphinus delphis''
|[[File:Short-beaked Common Dolphin (Delphinus delphis) (14825276609).jpg|center|171x171px]]
|<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":10" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Asian elephant|Asian elephant]]'''
|6,775,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Elephas maximus''
|[[File:Asian Elephant in Thailand.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''Pygmy chimpanzee or bonobo'''
|7,250,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Pan paniscus''
|[[File:BonoboFishing02 cropped.jpeg|center|122x122px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Chimpanzee|Chimpanzee]]'''
|| 7,400,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
||''Pan troglodytes''
||[[File:Eastern Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) (7068198095) (cropped).jpg|center|150px]]
||<ref name="Kaas2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Collins CE, Turner EC, Sawyer EK, Reed JL, Young NA, Flaherty DK, Kaas JH | title = Cortical cell and neuron density estimates in one chimpanzee hemisphere | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 113 | issue = 3 | pages = 740–5 | date = January 2016 | pmid = 26729880 | pmc = 4725503 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.1524208113 | bibcode = 2016PNAS..113..740C | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Biology:Orangutan|Orangutan]]''' 
|| 7,704,000,000^ - 8,900,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|| Genus: ''Pongo''
|| [[File:Orang_Utan,_Semenggok_Forest_Reserve,_Sarawak,_Borneo,_Malaysia.JPG|center|100px]]
||<ref name=":11" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel2011" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Western gorilla|Western gorilla]]'''
|| 9,100,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Gorilla gorilla'' 
||[[File:Gorilla 063.jpg|alt=|center|163x163px]]
||<ref name=":11" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel2011" />
|-
|'''Cuvier's beaked whale'''
|9,100,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Ziphius cavirostris''
|[[File:Beached Cuvier's Beaked Whale (28740971527).jpg|center|159x159px]]
|<ref name=":10" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Beluga whale|Beluga whale]]'''
|10,000,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Delphinapterus leucas''
|[[File:Baby Beluga Whale.jpg|center|frameless|134x134px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Bottlenose dolphin|Bottlenose dolphin]]'''
|12,700,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Tursiops truncatus''
|[[File:Tursiops truncatus 01.jpg|center|145x145px]]
|<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":10" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Common minke whale|Common minke whale]]'''
|3,134,000,000
12,800,000,000*
|
|Isotropic fractionator
Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Balaenoptera acutorostrata''
|[[File:Minke Whale (NOAA).jpg|center|133px]]
|<ref name=":16" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Eriksen N, Pakkenberg B | title = Total neocortical cell number in the mysticete brain | journal = Anatomical Record | volume = 290 | issue = 1 | pages = 83–95 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17441201 | doi = 10.1002/ar.20404 | s2cid = 31374672 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Fin whale|Fin whale]]'''
|| 15,000,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
||''Balaenoptera physalus''
||[[File:LMazzuca Fin Whale.jpg|center|133x133px|alt=|frameless]]
||<ref name=":11" /><ref>{{Cite book|title = Mammals in the Seas: Report|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=BKaUpfo2XCUC|publisher = Food & Agriculture Org.|date = 1978-01-01|isbn = 9789251005132| author = Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Working Party on Marine Mammals }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Blue whale|Blue whale]]'''
|15,000,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Balaenoptera musculus''
|[[File:Anim1754 - Flickr - NOAA Photo Library.jpg|center|frameless|144x144px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Human|Human]]'''
|| 16,340,000,000
21,000,000,000*
|± 2,170,000,000<ref name="H-Houzel2015" />
|Isotropic fractionator
Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Homo sapiens''
|| [[File:Akha cropped hires.JPG|center|100px]]<!-- image from [[Biology:Human|Human]] where long discussion has settled it - see Talk:Human#Lead image -->
||<ref name="H-Houzel2015" /><ref name="CompNeuro2009" /><ref name="Herculano-Houzel2009" /><ref>{{cite book |editor=Steven M. Platek |editor2=Julian Paul Keenan |editor3=Todd K. Shackelford |title=Evolutionary Cognitive Neuroscience |page=139 |year=2009 |publisher= MIT Press |url=http://www.physiodigest.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/mit-press-evolutionary-cognitive-neuroscience-2007.pdf}}</ref><ref name="humans optical">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pakkenberg B, Gundersen HJ | title = Neocortical neuron number in humans: effect of sex and age | journal = The Journal of Comparative Neurology | volume = 384 | issue = 2 | pages = 312–20 | date = July 1997 | pmid = 9215725 | doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970728)384:2<312::AID-CNE10>3.0.CO;2-K | publisher = Wiley‐Liss, Inc. | s2cid = 25706714 }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Risso's dolphin|Risso's dolphin]]'''
|18,750,000,000^
|
|Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Grampus griseus''
|[[File:Risso&#039;s dolphin.jpg|center|150x150px]]
|<ref name=":11" />
|-
|'''[[Biology:Short-finned pilot whale|Short-finned pilot whale]]'''
|11,850,000,000
35,000,000,000^
|
|Isotropic fractionator
Estimated 
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Globicephala macrorhynchus''
|[[File:Short-finned Pilot Whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus) (8604841637).jpg|center|frameless|133x133px]]
|<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":16" />
|-
| '''[[Biology:Long-finned pilot whale|Long-finned pilot whale]]'''
|| 37,200,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|| ''Globicephala melas''
|| [[File:Pilot whale spyhop.jpg|center|100px]]
||<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mortensen HS, Pakkenberg B, Dam M, Dietz R, Sonne C, Mikkelsen B, Eriksen N | title = Quantitative relationships in delphinid neocortex | journal = Frontiers in Neuroanatomy | volume = 8 | pages = 132 | year = 2014 | pmid = 25505387 | pmc = 4244864 | doi = 10.3389/fnana.2014.00132 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
|-
|'''[[Biology:Orca|Orca]]'''
|43,100,000,000*
|
|Optical fractionator
|Pallium (cortex)
|''Orcinus orca''
|[[File:Orcinus Orca.jpg|200x200px|alt=|center|frameless]]
|<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":10" />
|}

== See also ==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* Lists of animals
* [[Philosophy:Theory of mind in animals|Theory of mind in animals]]
* [[Biology:Brain size|Brain size]]
* [[Physics:Brain–body mass ratio|Brain–body mass ratio]]
* [[Physics:Encephalization quotient|Encephalization quotient]]
* [[Connectome]]
* [[Biology:Connectomics|Connectomics]]
* Cranial capacity
* :fr:Noogenèse
* [[Biology:Neuroscience and intelligence|Neuroscience and intelligence]]
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{animal cognition}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Animals by number of neurons}}
[[Category:Animal cognition|Neurons]]
[[Category:Animal nervous system]]
[[Category:Biology-related lists|Animals by number of neurons]]

{{Sourceattribution|List of animals by number of neurons}}