View source for Engineering:DARDO

'''DARDO''' ("Dart" in Italian) originally known as Breda Type-70,<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Gander |first=Terry |title=The Bofors Gun |publisher=Pen and Sword Books |isbn=978-1-47383-504-7 |publication-date=2013 |type=.EPUB}}</ref> also marketed as the '''OTO Twin 40L70 Compact''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=OTO TWIN 40L70 COMPACT NAVAL MOUNT |url=https://electronics.leonardo.com/documents/16277707/18299996/OTO+Twin+40L70+%28mm08756%29_LQ.pdf |access-date=2023-12-10 |website=Leonardo Electronics |publisher=Leonardo S.p.A.}}</ref> is a [[Engineering:Close-in weapon system|close-in weapon system]] (CIWS) built by the Italian companies Breda and OTO Melara. It is composed of two Breda-built Bofors 40 mm firing high explosive (HE) [[Engineering:Shell (projectile)|shells]], a fire-control radar (Alenia RTN-10X ''Orion'') and a [[Engineering:Fire-control system|fire-control system]] (Alenia RTN-20X ''Orion'' and ''Dardo''). It is the last of a long series of Italian anti-aircraft weapons derived from the Swedish Bofors 40&nbsp;mm [[Engineering:Autocannon|autocannon]]s (mounted on Breda built gun mounts such as the Type 64, Type 106, Type 107, Type 564 and Type 520).

==Purpose==
The system's primary purpose is to defend against [[Engineering:Anti-ship missile|anti-ship missile]]s, [[Engineering:Unmanned aerial vehicle|unmanned aerial vehicle]]s and other precision guided weapons. It can also be employed against conventional and rotary-wing aircraft, surface ships, small water-crafts, [[Earth:Coast|coast]]al targets and floating mines.

==Installation==

DARDO is installed in an enclosed [[Engineering:Gun turret|turret]] with two different mounts: the Type A with 440-round internal and 292-round under-deck magazines; and Type B with only the 440-round internal magazine (Type B requires no deck penetration). However, the most recent OTO Twin 40L70 Compact's brochure nominates 736-round magazine for Type A and 444-round magazine for Type B, both feature deck non-deck penetration or with deck penetration.<ref name=":0" />

The newest Marlin 40 variant has no deck penetration, having a sole internal magazine for 80 ready-to-fire rounds.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=OTO Marlin 40 |url=https://electronics.leonardo.com/en/products/oto-marlin-40 |access-date=2023-12-10 |website=Leonardo Electronics |publisher=Leonardo S.p.A. |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Other versions==
[[File:BAP_Pisco_(asignamiento).jpg|thumb|300x300px|DARDO Compact mounting on Peruvian navy landing platform dock, BAP ''Pisco'' (AMP-156).]]
=== Compact ===
The '''OTO Twin 40L70 Compact''' is the current [[Finance:Marketing|marketing name]] for the DARDO. Option for a [[Engineering:Stealth technology|stealth]] cupola is available to reduce the gun mount's [[Physics:Radar cross section|RCS]].<ref name=":0" /> They comes in Type A version with 736 round magazine & Type B version with 444 round magazine. Both the Type A and Type B mounting can be installed above-deck (non-penetrating) or with below-deck magazine. The compact mounting has maximum fire rate of 600 round/min (300 round/min × 2). A kit to upgrade Compact mounting to Fast Forty standard is available.<ref name=":2" />
[[File:Al-Fahaheel-(P3721)-130521-N-GZ984-197-crop.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Single Fast Forty mounting on Kuwaiti navy ''Um Al Maradim''-class missile boat, ''Al Fahaheel'' (P3721).]]
=== Fast Forty ===
The '''Fast Forty''' is an improved version of the Compact mounting with a higher fire rate of 900 round/min (450 round/min × 2), dual magazine and dual feed mechanism to allow switching from High Explosive (HE) rounds to [[Physics:Kinetic energy penetrator|Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot]] (APFSDS) rounds when a target gets within 1,000 meters from the vessel. Produced in both Single-barrel ('''Single Fast Forty''') and Twin-barrel ('''Twin Fast Forty''') forms, the Fast Forty include a revision of some parts of the loading and breech mechanism and the use of titanium material to improve the performance compared to the Compact mounting. Ammunition magazine and feed arrangements of the Twin Fast Forty remain the same as the Compact but operate at a higher speed. The gun laying and acceleration rates were increased, while the barrel/barrels, are secured in a barrel guidance frames to improves accuracy.<ref name=":2" />

The '''Single Fast Forty''' has on-mounting ammunition capacity of only 144 round  and are available in three types of mounting:

* Type A: unmanned mounting, with all operation are done via remote control,
* Type B: manned mounting, controlled and aimed by an on-turret operator,
* Type C: unmanned mounting, feature an integral Micro Fire Control System (MFCS) with automatic tracking and fire-control computation.<ref name=":2" />

An optional 'Stealth' cupola that provided a significant reduction in the radar cross-section of the mounting are also available.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-05-20 |title=Oto Melara introduced a new version of its FAST FORTY naval mount during IDEF 2013 |url=https://navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/year-2013-news/may-2013-navy-world-naval-forces-maritime-industry-technology-news/1053-oto-melara-introduced-a-new-version-of-its-fast-forty-naval-mount-during-idef-2013.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019095643/http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/year-2013-news/may-2013-navy-world-naval-forces-maritime-industry-technology-news/1053-oto-melara-introduced-a-new-version-of-its-fast-forty-naval-mount-during-idef-2013.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 19, 2021 |access-date=2023-12-10 |website=Navy Recognition |language=en-gb}}</ref>

[[File:KRI Bung Karno (369) Firing Her Main Gun.jpg|thumb|300x300px|OTO Marlin 40 (ILOS) mounting on Indonesian navy corvette, KRI ''Bung Karno'' (369).]]
=== Marlin ===
The '''OTO Marlin 40''' is the single-barrel, light-weight and no-deck-penetration derivative of the DARDO family, succeeding the Single Fast Forty variant. It is designed with high autonomy and fully-digitalized systems.<ref name=":1" /> The mounting used to be known as OTO Melara Forty Light naval gun system.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oto Melara Unveils the new Forty Light naval gun system At IDEX 2015 |url=https://www.armyrecognition.com/archives/archives-naval-defense/naval-defense-2015/oto-melara-unveils-the-new-forty-light-naval-gun-system-at-idex-2015 |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=navyrecognition.com|date=23 February 2015 }}</ref>

The system comes in a basic version called "'''Remotely Controlled'''" ('''RC'''), which can be managed by an external firing control system and in the advanced version called "'''Independent Line Of Sight'''" ('''ILOS'''),  which can be operated autonomously via a local control console in addition to be fully controlled by Combat Management System. It also has selectable rate of fire ranging from single shot, 100 round/min and 300 round/min. The Marlin 40 may be fitted with an integrated hoist below-deck to enable the ammunition loading from covered position.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=OTO MARLIN 40 |url=https://electronics.leonardo.com/documents/16277707/18367594/Marlin+40.pdf |website=Leonardo Electronics |publisher=Leonardo S.p.A.}}</ref>

== Comparison with current CIWS ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" summary="Characteristics of modern CIWS"
|+ '''Comparison of some modern CIWS'''
|- style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:1px solid #999; "
!
! style="text-align:center;" | {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Engineering:AK-630|AK-630]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indian-military.org/navy/ordnance/close-in-weapon-system/267-ak-630-gatling-gun-close-in-weapon-system.html |title=AK-630 Gatling Gun Close in Weapon System |publisher=Indian-military.org |date=2010-03-12 |access-date=2012-01-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100315113834/http://www.indian-military.org/navy/ordnance/close-in-weapon-system/267-ak-630-gatling-gun-close-in-weapon-system.html |archive-date=March 15, 2010 }}</ref>
! style="text-align:center;" | {{flagicon|United States}} [[Engineering:Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx CIWS]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=2100&tid=800&ct=2 |title=The US Navy - Fact File |publisher=Navy.mil |access-date=2012-01-08 |archive-date=2014-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104081016/http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=2100&tid=800&ct=2 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
! style="text-align:center;" | {{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Engineering:Goalkeeper CIWS|Goalkeeper CIWS]]
! style="text-align:center;" | {{flagicon|Italy}} DARDO<ref>{{cite web|author=Tony DiGiulian |url=http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNIT_4cm-70_Breda.htm |title=Italian 40 mm/70 (1.57") Breda |publisher=Navweaps.com |date=2006-05-21 |access-date=2012-01-08}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | Weight
| {{convert|9114|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|6200|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|9902|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|5500|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | Armament
| {{convert|30|mm|in|abbr=on}} 6 barreled GSh-6-30 Gatling Gun
| {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} 6 barreled [[Engineering:M61 Vulcan|M61 Vulcan]] Gatling Gun
| {{convert|30|mm|in|abbr=on}} 7 barreled GAU-8 Gatling Gun
| {{convert|40|mm|in|abbr=on}} 2 barreled Bofors 40 mm
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | Rate of Fire
| 5,000 rounds per minute
| 4,500 rounds per minute
| 4,200 rounds per minute
| 600/900 round per minute
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | (effective/ flat-trajectory) Range
| {{convert|4000|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|2000|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|3600|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|4000|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | Ammunition storage
| 2,000 rounds
| 1,550 rounds
| 1,190 rounds
| 736 rounds
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | Muzzle velocity
| {{convert|900|m|ft|abbr=on}} per second
| {{convert|1100|m|ft|abbr=on}} per second
| {{convert|1109|m|ft|abbr=on}} per second
| {{convert|1000|m|ft|abbr=on}} per second
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | Elevation
| −13 to +78 degrees
| −75 to +55 degrees
| −75 to +64 degrees
| −13 to +85 degrees
|-
! style="text-align:right;" | Traverse
| 360 degrees
| -150 to +150 degrees
| 360 degrees
| 360 degrees
|}

==Operators==
[[File:DARDO operators.png|thumb|300px|Map of DARDO operators in blue]]
<!-- Expand at will, this is far from complete ! -->[[File:TCG_Bayraktar_(L-403)_in_Valletta_harbor.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Single Fast Forty mounting with stealth cupola on Turkish navy landing ship tank, TCG ''Bayraktar'' (L-403).]]
[[File:KRI Semarang delivering aid to victims of natural disasters in Sumatra.jpg|thumb|300x300px|OTO Twin 40L70 Compact (Stealth) mounting on Indonesian navy landing platform dock, KRI ''Semarang'' (594).]]

=== Operators ===
*{{ALG}}
** ''Kalaat Beni Hammed''-class landing ship
*{{ARG}}
** {{sclass|Almirante Brown|destroyer|1}}
** {{sclass|Espora|corvette|1}}<sup>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lZGJPr7dS4 video]</sup>
** {{sclass|Drummond|corvette|1}}
*{{BHR}}
** ''Al Manama''-class corvette
** ''Ahmed Al Fateh''-class missile boat
** ''Al Riffa''-class patrol boat
*{{BAN}}
**Twin Fast Forty
*** BNS Khalid Bin Walid
*{{COL}}
** {{sclass|Almirante Padilla|frigate|1}}
** ''ARC 20 de Julio''-class offshore patrol vessel
*{{ECU}}
** {{sclass|Esmeraldas|corvette|1}}
*{{EGY}}
** {{sclass|Pohang|corvette|1}}
** {{sclass|Ramadan|missile boat|1}}
*{{GHA}}
** {{sclass|Achimota|missile boat|1}}
*{{INA}}
** OTO Twin 40L70 Compact (Stealth)
*** ''Raja Haji Fisabilillah''-class offshore patrol vessel
*** {{sclass|Makassar|landing platform dock|1}}
*** ''Semarang''-class landing platform dock 
** OTO Marlin 40 (ILOS)
*** {{sclass|Bung Karno|corvette|1}}
*** {{sclass|Dorang|patrol boat|1}}
*** {{sclass|Teluk Bintuni|landing ship tank|1}}
**OTO Marlin 40 (RC)
*** ''Belati''-class missile boat 
*{{ITA}}
** ''Vittorio Veneto''-class cruiser
** ''Giuseppe Garibaldi''-class aircraft carrier
** {{sclass|Lupo|frigate|1}}
** {{sclass|Maestrale|frigate|1}}
*{{KWT}}
** DARDO
*** ''Istiqlal''-class missile boat
*** ''Al Boom''-class missile boat
** Single Fast Forty - Type B
*** ''Um Al Maradim''-class missile boat
*{{LBA}}
**''Ibn Ouf''-class landing ship tank
** ''Beir Grassa''-class missile boat
*{{MAS}}
** {{sclass|Laksamana|corvette|1}}
*{{NGR}}
**DARDO
*** {{sclass|Aradu|frigate|1}}
*** ''Erinomi''-class corvette
*** ''Siri''-class missile boat
*** ''Ekpe''-class missile boat
** OTO Marlin 40 (RC)
*** OPV 76
*{{OMN}}
** ''Nasr al Bahr''-class amphibious warfare vessel
** ''Dhofar''-class missile boat
** ''Al Bushra''-class missile boat
*{{PER}}
** ''Almirante Grau''-class cruiser
** {{sclass|Lupo|frigate|1}}
** ''Carvajal''-class frigate
** ''Velarde''-class corvette
** {{sclass|Pohang|corvette|1}}
** ''Pisco''-class landing platform dock
*{{PHL}}
** {{sclass|Pohang|corvette|1}}
*{{QAT}}
** ''Damsah''-class missile boat
*{{SAU}}
** {{sclass|Al Madinah|frigate|1}}
** {{sclass|Boraida|replenishment oiler|1}}
*{{KOR}}
** {{sclass|Ulsan|frigate|1}}
** {{sclass|Pohang|corvette|1}}
** ''Bukhansan''-class patrol boat
*{{THA}}
** ''Makut Rajakumarn''-class frigate
** {{sclass|Ratanakosin|corvette|1}}
** ''Chonburi''-class patrol boat
*{{TUN}}
** ''La Galite''-class missile boat
* {{TUR}}
** DARDO
*** ''Kılıç''-class missile boat
*** {{sclass|Tuzla|patrol boat|1}}
** Single Fast Forty - Type B (Stealth)
*** {{sclass|Bayraktar|landing ship tank|1}}
*{{TKM}}
** [[Engineering:Tuzla-class patrol boat|''Serhet''-class patrol boat]]
*{{UAE}}
** ''Ban Yas''-class missile boat
*{{VEN}}
** {{sclass|Lupo|frigate|1}}
** ''Capana''-class landing ship tank
* {{VIE}}
** {{sclass|Pohang|corvette|1}}

==See also==
*[[Engineering:Aselsan GOKDENIZ|Aselsan GOKDENIZ]]
*Myriad CIWS
*[[Engineering:Meroka CIWS|Meroka CIWS]]
*[[Engineering:Sea Zenith|Sea Zenith CIWS]]
*[[Engineering:Denel 35mm Dual Purpose Gun|Denel 35mm Dual Purpose Gun]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120313133246/http://www.otomelara.it/OtoMelara/EN/Business/Sea/Small_Calibres/index.sdo OTO-Melara 40 mm weapon factsheets]
* [http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNIT_4cm-70_Breda.htm Data and Spec of OtoBreda DARDO]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080113210428/http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNIT_4cm-70_Breda_pics.htm Images of DARDO and other Breda 40 mm CIWS]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWZXvOdCEZ8 Video of DARDO firing]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dardo}}
[[Category:Autocannon]]

{{Sourceattribution|DARDO}}