View source for Engineering:Dassault Falcon 900

{{Short description|Executive aircraft family by Dassault}}
<!-- This article is a part of Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft. Please see Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
  |name= Falcon 900
  |image= File:Spanish Air Force Dassault Falcon 900B.jpg
  |caption=
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
  |type= Business jet
  |national origin = {{wipe|France}}
  |manufacturer= Dassault Aviation
  |designer=
  |first flight= 21 September 1984
  |introduction=
  |retired=
  |status= Active service, in production
  |primary user= French Air and Space Force
  |more users= Japan Coast Guard <br />{{wipe|Nigerian Air Force}} <br />[[Organization:Royal Malaysian Air Force|Royal Malaysian Air Force]] <!-- "More users" field limited to THREE total-->
  |produced= 1984–present
  |number built=500+<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dassaultfalcon.com/en/MediaCenter/Newsd/Pages/PR%202012/500thFalcon900.aspx|title=Dassault Set to Deliver 500th Falcon 900 |website=www.dassaultfalcon.com|access-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124151958/https://www.dassaultfalcon.com/en/MediaCenter/Newsd/Pages/PR%202012/500thFalcon900.aspx|date=30 October 2012|archive-date=24 November 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
  |developed from = [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 50|Dassault Falcon 50]]
  |variants with their own articles= [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 2000|Dassault Falcon 2000]] <br />[[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 7X|Dassault Falcon 7X]]
}}
|}

The '''Dassault Falcon 900''', commonly abbreviated as the F900,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/F900|title=DASSAULT Falcon 900 - SKYbrary Aviation Safety|website=www.skybrary.aero|access-date=2019-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531204222/https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/F900|archive-date=2019-05-31|url-status=live}}</ref> is a {{wipe|France}}-built corporate [[Engineering:Trijet|trijet]] aircraft made by Dassault Aviation.

==Development==
[[File:Galactic Girl flyby (G-GALX).jpg|thumb|A Falcon 900EX during a flyby]]
The Falcon 900 is a development of the [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 50|Falcon 50]], itself a development of the earlier [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 20|Falcon 20]]. The Falcon 900 design incorporates [[Chemistry:Composite material|composite material]]s.

Other models include the '''Falcon 900-B''', featuring an increased range, and the '''Falcon 900EX''' featuring other improvements in engines and range and an all-[[Engineering:Glass cockpit|glass flight deck]]. The '''Falcon 900C''' is a companion to the Falcon 900EX and replaces the Falcon 900B. Later versions are the '''Falcon 900EX''' EASy and the '''Falcon 900DX'''. At EBACE 2008, Dassault announced another development of the 900 series: the Falcon 900LX,<ref name="flightglobal.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/05/19/223850/ebace-2008-dassault-announces-falcon-900lx.html|title=News Channel - Homepage - flightglobal.com|website=Flightglobal.com|access-date=7 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521214809/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/05/19/223850/ebace-2008-dassault-announces-falcon-900lx.html|archive-date=21 May 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> incorporating high mach blended [[Physics:Wingtip device|winglets]] designed by Aviation Partners Inc.

In 2023, the 900LX equipped price was $44.7M.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://infogram.com/bca-table-2023-jets-1ho16vorwrp8x4n |title= Purchase planning handbook - Jets table |date= Second Quarter 2023 |work= Business & Commercial Aircraft}}</ref>

==Operational service==

The Falcon 900 is used by the [[Organization:Escadron de Transport 60|Transport Squadron 60 (Transportation, Training and Calibration Squadron 65)]], which is in charge of transportation for officials of the {{wipe|France}} state.

==Variants==
[[File:falcon 900b n100up lands birmingham arp.jpg|thumb|Dassault Falcon 900B]]
;{{visible anchor|Falcon 900}}
:Announced in 1984. Original production. Powered by three 20&nbsp;kN (4,500&nbsp;lbf) [[Engineering:Garrett TFE731|Garrett TFE731]]-5AR-1C [[Engineering:Turbofan|turbofan]] engines.<ref name="Janes 88 p77">Taylor 1988, p.77.</ref> It was certified in 1986 by French and U.S. aviation authorities.
;Falcon 900 MSA
:Maritime patrol version for Japan Coast Guard. This variant is equipped with search radar and a hatch for dropping rescue stores.<ref name="airliners" />
;Falcon 900B
:Revised production version from 1991.<ref name="airliners">"[http://www.airliners.net/aircraft-data/stats.main?id=175 The Dassault Falcon 900] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425201516/http://www.airliners.net/aircraft-data/stats.main?id=175 |date=2009-04-25 }}". ''airliners.net''. Retrieved 15 May 2009.</ref> Powered by 21.13&nbsp;kN (4,750&nbsp;lbf) TFE731-5BR-1C engines.<ref name = "brasseys">{{cite book |editor-last=Taylor|editor-first=M J H  | title = Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000 Edition | year = 1999 | publisher = Brassey's | isbn = 1-85753-245-7 |pages=416–417}}</ref>
;Falcon 900C
:Replacement for 900B. Introduced in 2000.<ref name="airliners" /><ref name="brasseys" />
;{{visible anchor|Falcon 900EX}}
:Long range version, with 22.24&nbsp;kN (5,000&nbsp;lbf) engines. This variant features TFE731-60 engines, with a range of 8,340&nbsp;km (4,501 nm; 5,180&nbsp;miles). Avionics by ([[Engineering:Honeywell Primus|Honeywell Primus]]). It entered service in 1996.<ref name="brasseys" />
;Falcon 900EX EASy
:Long range version produced from 2004 to 2009. Fitted with Honeywell/Dassault Primus Epic EASy avionics. TFE731-60 engines.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.guardianjet.com/jet-aircraft-online-tools/aircraft-brochure.cfm?m=Dassault-Falcon-900EX-EASy-170 |title=Dassault Falcon 900EX EASy |accessdate=3 October 2022}}</ref>
;Falcon 900DX
:Shorter-range production type. TFE731-60 engines.<ref name="dassault falcon DX">"[http://www.dassaultfalcon.com/aircraft/900dx/ Falcon 900 DX] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228183131/http://www.dassaultfalcon.com/aircraft/900dx/ |date=2009-02-28 }}". ''Dassault Aviation'', 2009. Retrieved 15 May 2009.</ref>
;Falcon 900LX
:Current production variant of EX fitted with blended winglets. Range of {{convert|4750|nmi|km|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dassaultfalcon.com/en/Aircraft/Models/900LX/Pages/performance.aspx |title= Falcon 900LX Performance |publisher= Dassault Falcon |access-date= 2016-06-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160531074606/http://www.dassaultfalcon.com/en/Aircraft/Models/900LX/Pages/performance.aspx |archive-date= 2016-05-31 |url-status= dead }}</ref>
;Envoy IV
:RAF military designation for the 900LX.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raf.mod.uk/aircraft/envoy-iv-cc1/ |title=Envoy IV CC1 |publisher=Ministry of Defence |work=Official RAF website |accessdate=3 October 2022}}</ref>
;VC-900A
:Italian military designation for the 900EX.<ref name="dgaa">{{Cite web |url=http://www.dgaa.it/newsletter/newsletter60/AER-0-0-12.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220014637/http://www.dgaa.it/newsletter/newsletter60/AER-0-0-12.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=live }}</ref>
;VC-900B
:Italian military designation for the 900EX EASy.<ref name="dgaa" />

==Operators==

===Civil operators===
[[File:Gazpromavia Falcon 900 Ilyin.jpg|thumb|A Falcon 900B of Gazpromavia]]
A wide range of private owners, businesses and small airlines operate Falcon 900s.

{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
{{flag|Libya}}
* Government owned (tail number 5A-DCN)

{{flag|Qatar}}
* Qatar Amiri Flight

{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
* Saudia Private Aviation
}}

===Military operators===
[[File:Dassault Falcon 900EX, Italy - Air Force JP7191384.jpg|thumb|Falcon 900EX of the {{wipe|Italian Air Force}}]]
[[File:Dassault Falcon 900 - Avion presidencial de bolivia.jpg|thumb|right|Falcon 900EX of the {{wipe|Bolivian Air Force}}.]]

{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
; {{BOL}}
* {{wipe|Bolivian Air Force}}
** 900EX FAB-001 is presidential aircraft<ref>{{cite magazine| last1=Cicalesi|first1=Juan Carlos |last2=Rivas |first2=Santiago | title=New Bolivian Presidential Transport |magazine= Air International |volume=79 |issue=2 |date=August 2010 |page=5}}</ref>
; {{FRA}}
* French Air and Space Force
; {{GER}}
* Bundesnachrichtendienst (Federal Intelligence Service)
;{{ITA}}
* {{wipe|Italian Air Force}}  operates 5 Falcon 900EX since 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeronautica.difesa.it/Mezzi/velivoliDotazione/Pagine/Falcon900EX.aspx#ev|title=Official website Aeronautica Militare|website=difesa.it|access-date=7 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701024748/http://www.aeronautica.difesa.it/Mezzi/velivoliDotazione/Pagine/Falcon900EX.aspx#ev|archive-date=1 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
; {{JPN}}
* Japan Coast Guard
; {{MYS}}
* [[Organization:Royal Malaysian Air Force|Royal Malaysian Air Force]]
; {{NAM}}
* {{wipe|Namibian Air Force}}
; {{NGR}}
* {{wipe|Nigerian Air Force}}
; {{POR}}
* {{wipe|Portuguese Air Force}}<ref>{http://www.passarodeferro.com/2023/02/falcon-900-com-callsign-da-equadra-504.html}</ref>
; {{RUS}}
* President of Russia
; {{RSA}}
* {{wipe|South African Air Force}}
; {{ESP}}
* Spanish Air and Space Force
; {{SYR}}
* {{wipe|Syrian Air Force}}
; {{UK}}
* {{wipe|Royal Air Force}}  2 900LXs operated under civil contract from March 2022, full military from 2026 ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/britain-purchasing-french-jets-for-vip-transport/?|title = Britain purchasing French jets for VIP transport|date = 8 February 2022}}</ref>
; {{UAE}}
* {{wipe|United Arab Emirates Air Force}}
; {{SUI}}
* {{wipe|Swiss Air Force}}: 900EX EASy II (purchased from Monaco)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lw.admin.ch/internet/luftwaffe/de/home/dokumentation/assets/aircraft/falcon900.html |title=Dassault Falcon 900EX EASy II |access-date=2015-06-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150531072111/http://www.lw.admin.ch/internet/luftwaffe/de/home/dokumentation/assets/aircraft/falcon900.html |archive-date=2015-05-31 }}</ref>
; {{VEN}}
* {{wipe|Venezuelan Air Force}}
}}

===Former operators===
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
; {{ALG}}
* {{wipe|Algerian Air Force}}
; {{AUS}}
* {{wipe|Royal Australian Air Force}} - five in service from 1989-2003
** No. 34 Squadron RAAF
; {{BEL}}
* Belgian Air Component - one was in use until 2019 for VIP transport
; {{GAB}}
* Gabon Air Force
; {{GRE}}
* Government of Greece
; {{MWI}}
* Government of Malawi - a Falcon 900EX purchased in 2009 as a presidential jet, sold in 2013<ref>[http://www.nyasatimes.com/2013/09/05/malawi-to-feed-poor-from-k5bn-of-presidential-jet-sales/ Malawi Sells Presidential Jet] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519222402/http://www.nyasatimes.com/2013/09/05/malawi-to-feed-poor-from-k5bn-of-presidential-jet-sales/ |date=2014-05-19 }}</ref>
* Military of Malawi
; {{MCO}}
* Government of Monaco - replaced by a [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 7X|Falcon 7X]]
}}

==Accidents and incidents==
* On 14 September 1999 a Falcon 900B operating for the Greek Government by Olympic Airways, and registered SX-ECH, was descending to land at Bucharest, Romania, when the autopilot disengaged and several pilot-induced oscillations occurred. The impact of unfastened passengers with the cabin and aircraft furniture resulted in fatal injuries to seven passengers, serious injuries to two and minor to another two. Among the victims was Giannos Kranidiotis, then deputy foreign minister for Greece.<ref name="asnsxech">{{ASN accident|id=19990914-2|title=ASN Aircraft accident 14-SEP-1999 Dassault Falcon 900B SX-ECH}}</ref>
* On 13 February 2021 a Falcon 900EX corporate jet (N823RC) experienced a landing gear collapse after an aborted takeoff at Montgomery-Gibbs Executive Airport, California. Although the airplane sustained significant damage, all five occupants on board escaped without injuries. The flight crew explained that during the takeoff attempt, the captain applied back pressure to the control yoke, but the nose failed to rotate to a takeoff position. After multiple attempts, the captain decided to reject the takeoff by reducing thrust and applying maximum brakes. As a result, the aircraft overshot the runway and the landing gear collapsed upon reaching a gravel pad. The NTSB investigation revealed that the captain did not possess a valid pilot certificate due to an emergency revocation by the FAA two years earlier. This revocation occurred because the captain had falsified logbook entries and records for pilot proficiency checks, competency checks, and training events while serving as a check pilot for a Part 135 operator.<ref>{{cite web |title=ASN Aircraft accident Dassault Falcon 900EX EASy N823RC San Diego-Montgomery-Gibbs Executive Airport, CA (MYF) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20210213-0 |website=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=6 July 2023}}</ref>

==Specifications (Falcon 900B)==
[[File:Dassault Falcon 900 EC JBB.jpg|thumb|A Falcon 900 shortly after take-off]]
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=<ref name="brasseys"/>
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|genhide=

|crew=2
|capacity=19 passengers
|length m=20.21
|length ft=
|length in=
|span m=19.33
|span ft=
|span in=7.55
|height ft=
|height in=
|wing area sqm=49.0
|wing area sqft=
|aspect ratio=7.63:1
|empty weight kg=10255
|empty weight lb=
|max takeoff weight kg=20640
|gross weight lb=
|fuel capacity={{convert|8690|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=3
|eng1 name=[[Engineering:Garrett TFE731|AlliedSignal TFE731]]-5BR-1C
|eng1 type=[[Engineering:Turbofan|turbofan]]s
|eng1 kn=21.13<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->

<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph=
|max speed kts=
|max speed mach=0.84–0.87<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=950<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed note=; Mach 0.85 (at {{convert|36000|ft|m|order=flip|abbr=on}})
|stall speed kmh=158
|stall speed note=(wheels and flaps down)
|range km=7400
|range miles=
|range note=with 8 passengers
|ceiling m=15500
|ceiling ft=
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|more performance=

|avionics=
}}

==See also==
{{aircontent|
|related=
* [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 50|Dassault Falcon 50]]
* [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 2000|Dassault Falcon 2000]]
* [[Engineering:Dassault Falcon 7X|Dassault Falcon 7X]]
|similar aircraft=
* Bombardier Challenger 605
* [[Engineering:Bombardier Global Express|Bombardier Global 5500]]
* [[Engineering:Embraer Legacy 600|Embraer Legacy 600]] / [[Engineering:Embraer Legacy 600|650]]
* Gulfstream G450
|sequence=
|lists=
* [[Engineering:List of civil aircraft|List of civil aircraft]]
|see also=
}}
* {{annotated link|Earth:Environmental impact of aviation}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.dassaultfalcon.com/en/Aircraft/Models/900LX/Pages/overview.aspx Dassault Falcon 900 page]
* [http://www.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=175 Airliners.net aircraft data sheet]

{{Dassault aircraft}}

[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Trijets]]
[[Category:Cruciform tail aircraft]]

{{Sourceattribution|Dassault Falcon 900}}