View source for Engineering:Ivchenko AI-25

{{Short description|Turbofan engine family by Ivchenko}}
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
 |name= AI-25
 |image = File:Ivchenko AI-25TL Hu Szolnok 03.jpg
 |caption =Ivchenko-Progress AI-25TL turbofan engine
}}
{{Infobox Aircraft Engine
 |type= Medium Bypass [[Engineering:Turbofan|Turbofan]]
 |national origin = [[Place:Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]
 |manufacturer= [[Company:Ivchenko-Progress|Ivchenko-Progress]] 
 |first run= 1966
 |major applications= [[Engineering:Aero L-39 Albatros|Aero L-39 Albatros]] <br> [[Engineering:Hongdu JL-8|Hongdu JL-8]] <br> [[Engineering:Yakovlev Yak-40|Yakovlev Yak-40]] 
 |number built = 9,360+
 |program cost = 
 |unit cost = 
 |developed from = 
 |developed into = DV-2
 |variants with their own articles = 
}}
|}
[[File:L-39 Engine - Flickr - Beige Alert.jpg|thumb|An AI-25 from an [[Engineering:Aero L-39 Albatros|Aero L-39 Albatros]]]]

The '''Ivchenko AI-25''' ({{langx|ru|Ивченко АИ-25}}) is a family of military and civilian twin-shaft [[Engineering:Turbofan|medium bypass turbofan]] engines developed by [[Company:Ivchenko-Progress|Ivchenko OKB]] of the [[Place:Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]. It was the first bypass engine ever used on short haul aircraft in the USSR. 
The engine is still produced by Ukrainian based aircraft engine manufacturing company, [[Company:Motor Sich|Motor Sich]].

==Development==
The '''AI-25''' was designed to power the [[Engineering:Yakovlev Yak-40|Yakovlev Yak-40]] tri-jet airliner, often called the first [[Engineering:Regional jet|regional jet]] transport aircraft, and is the starting point for the Lotarev DV-2 turbofan engine.<ref name="Deagal">{{cite web | title = AI-25 | url=http://www.deagel.com/Turbofan-Engines/AI-25_a001764001.aspx | access-date = 2009-02-21 }}</ref> The project was launched in 1965, with  the AI-25s first test flight in 1966, and finally cleared for production in 1967. In 1972, the AI-25 was selected for the Polish [[Engineering:PZL M-15 Belphegor|PZL M-15 Belphegor]], the world's only jet-powered [[Engineering:Biplane|biplane]].

Development of the AI-25 continued and the uprated '''AI-25TL''' was designed for use by the [[Place:Czechoslovakia|Czechoslovak]] [[Engineering:Aero L-39 Albatros|Aero L-39 Albatros]] [[Engineering:Trainer aircraft|military trainer]] with the first flight occurring in 1968. The L-39, would go on to become one of the most popular, and widespread trainer aircraft in the world, with over 3,000 L-39s produced, and with 2,900 examples still in active service today. A smaller version of the AI-25TL, the '''AI-25TLK''' has equipped the People's Republic of Chinas  [[Engineering:Hongdu JL-8|Hongdu L-11]] fighter-trainer.

The AI-25TLK is also licensed built in the People's Republic of China as the '''WS-11'''. Another variant of the AI-25, is the '''AI-25TLSh''' in the 1990s, which underwent flight testing by the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense in 2002. Ivchenko-Progress is currently marketing the AI-25TLSh as an upgrade to existing L-39 and JL-8 operators that would extend the service life of the aircraft and improve performance. The latest AI-25 is the '''AI-25TL Series 2''' designed for the [[Engineering:Mikoyan MiG-AT|Mikoyan MiG-AT]].<ref name="Ivchenko-Progress">{{cite web | title = More detailed information about AI-25 engine family | url = http://www.ivchenko-progress.com/welcome.do?id=162 | access-date = 2009-02-20 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://archive.today/20130126195150/http://www.ivchenko-progress.com/welcome.do?id=162 | archive-date = 2013-01-26 }}</ref>

For the demand of a stronger turbofan engine by Turkey for its jet-powered Bayraktar MIUS UAV the Ukrainian company developed the stronger AI-25TLT variant<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-17|title=Baykar Savunma MİUS Sürprizine Hazırlanıyor|url=https://www.savunmasanayist.com/baykar-savunma-mius-surpriz/|access-date=2021-08-09|language=tr}}</ref>

===Usage in FP-5 Flamingo Missile===

Ukrainian company Fire Point had purchased a large number of Ivchenko AI-25 from various stockpiles, including landfills and dumps for powering the FP-5 Flamingo cruise missile. These engines had a remaining flight time of some 10 hours. Given the engines will not be used in jet aircraft, Fire Point restores them not to full usage but enough for a Flamingo missile's flight time of three and a half hours. Previous media reports said that the engines had been made by [[Company:Motor Sich|Motor Sich]] however Fire Point claimed that they had found "thousands of such engines" at various landfills in Ukraine. These engines, in order to keep costs down, have had their titanium parts replaced by "cheaper and easier-to-produce alternatives" to make them flightworthy. Some six thousand of these engines were manufactured and are still in use in aircraft like the L-39 Albatross and [[Engineering:Hongdu JL-8|Hongdu JL-8]] jet trainers in "post-Soviet countries, Asia, and Africa". Fire Point has also established its own plant to produce engines for the missiles, whether this is the Ivchenko AI-25 under licence or not is unclear.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-09-23|title= Fire Point Localizes Production of Jet Engines for Cruise Missiles |url= https://militarnyi.com/en/news/fire-point-localizes-production-of-jet-engines-for-cruise-missiles/ |author=Oleksandr Yan |access-date=2025-09-27|website= militarnyi |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-09-24|title= Ukraine’s FP-5 Flamingo cruise missile powered by Soviet engines salvaged from rubbish dumps |url= https://aerospaceglobalnews.com/news/ukraine-fp5-flamingo-cruise-missile-soviet-engines/|author=Oleksandr Yan |access-date=2025-09-27|website=Aero Space Global News |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Variants==
[[File:PZL M-15 Belphegor at Central Air Force Museum Monino pic1.JPG|thumb|[[PZL M-15 Belphegor|M-15]] powered by AI-25 [[Engineering:Turbofan|turbofan]] engine]]
;AI-25:
;AI-25A:
;AI-25TL:
;AI-25TL series 2
;
;AI-25TLT: (Black Sea Shield - turbofan) The AI-25TLT licence-built by Turkish-Ukrainian joint venture BSS based in Istanbul for the [[Engineering:Baykar Bayraktar Kızılelma|Bayraktar MIUS]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-11 |title=MİUS'un Motorları İçin Ukrayna İle Yeni Anlaşma |url=https://www.savunmasanayist.com/miusun-motorlari-icin-ukrayna-ile-yeni-anlasma/ |access-date=2022-03-31 |language=tr}}</ref>
:
;AI-25TLK:
;AI-25TLSh:
;AI-25W:
;AI-25WM:
;WS-11: (WoShan - turbofan) The AI-25TLK licence-built in China for the Hongdu L-11
;Walter Titan: (AI-25WM)<ref name=Wilkinson70>{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Paul H. |title=Aircraft engines of the World 1970 |year=1970 |publisher=Paul H. Wilkinson |location=Washington D.C. |edition=21st |pages=172, 219 }}</ref>
;Walter Sirius:

==Applications==
* {{lwc|Aero L-39 Albatros}}
* {{lwc|Comp Air Jet}}
* {{lwc|Hongdu JL-8}}
* {{lwc|PZL M-15 Belphegor}}
* {{lwc|Yakovlev Yak-40}}
* {{lwc|KB SAT SR-10}}
* {{lwc|Bayraktar MIUS}}
* {{lwc|FP-5 Flamingo}}

==Specifications (AI-25TL)==
[[File:L-39 Albatros estonian.jpg|thumb|An Estonian L-39 Albatros in flight powered by an AI-25TL turbofan engine]]
{{jetspecs
<!-- If you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Aircraft -->
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|ref=<ref>Gas Turbine Engines. ''Aviation Week & Space Technology Source Book 2009''. p. 120.</ref><ref>Motor Sich product specifications. http://www.motorsich.com/eng/products/aircraft/tde/ai-25tl/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110071112/http://www.motorsich.com/eng/products/aircraft/tde/ai-25tl/ |date=2017-01-10 }}</ref><ref name="SpecsFromIvchenko">{{cite web |work=SE Ivchenko Progress |title=AI-25TL, AI-25TLK turbofan: Performance |url=http://ivchenko-progress.com/?portfolio=ai-25-tl&lang=en#tab-1524053766417-8-1 |access-date=January 12, 2020}}</ref><ref>General arrangement drawing.http://www.leteckemotory.cz/motory/ai-25tl/</ref>
|type= Medium Bypass [[Engineering:Turbofan|Turbofan]]
|length= {{convert|3358|mm|abbr=on}}
|diameter=~{{convert|611.6|mm|abbr=on}}(intake casing)
|weight={{convert|350|kg|abbr=on}}
|compressor=Axial, 3 fan/low pressure compressor stages, 9 high pressure compressor stages
|combustion=[[Engineering:Combustor#Annular|Annular]]
|turbine=1 high pressure turbine stage, 2 low pressure turbine stages
|fueltype=Aviation kerosene, JP-1 for example
|oilsystem=Pressure spray with return
|power=
|thrust=''Takeoff'': {{cvt|1720|kgf|kN lbf}}; ''Cruise'': {{cvt|515|kgf|kN lbf}}
|compression=9.5:1
|bypass=2.0:1
|aircon=
|turbinetemp=
|fuelcon={{cvt|468.1|kg/h}}
|specfuelcon=''Takeoff'': {{cvt|0.6|tsfc|order=flip}}; ''Cruise'': {{cvt|0.815|tsfc|order=flip}}
|power/weight=
|thrust/weight=4.914
}}

==See also==
{{aircontent
|related=
* Lotarev DV-2
|similar engines=
* [[Engineering:Garrett F109|Garrett F109]]
* [[Engineering:Garrett TFE731|Garrett TFE731]]
* [[Engineering:Williams FJ44|Williams FJ44]]
* [[Engineering:Ivchenko-Progress AI-222|Ivchenko-Progress AI-222]]
|lists=
* [[Engineering:List of aircraft engines|List of aircraft engines]]
|see also=
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
<!--Please try to keep this a best-of list, short and high quality-->
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090209114232/http://ivchenko-progress.com/welcome.do?page=home Ivchenko-Progress company website]
* [http://www.motorsich.com/eng/news Motor-Sich company website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160118060845/http://www.motorsich.com/eng/news |date=2016-01-18 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090622220335/http://www.aviation.ru/engine/AI/ A.Ivchenko Engines]
* [http://www.leteckemotory.cz/motory/ai-25 AI-25 on LeteckeMotory.cz] (cs,sk)

{{Ivchenko aeroengines}}
{{AVIC Aero Products}}
{{People's Republic of China military aeroengines}}

[[Category:Medium-bypass turbofan engines]]

{{Sourceattribution|Ivchenko AI-25}}