View source for Engineering:Raspberry Pi

{{Short description|Series of low-cost single-board computers used for educational purposes and embedded systems}}
{{Infobox computer
| logo = [[File:Raspberry Pi Logo.svg|100px]]
| name = Raspberry Pi
| image = File:Raspberry Pi 4 Model B - Side.jpg
| caption = Raspberry Pi 4 Model B
| releasedate = {{plainlist|
* {{Start date and age|2012|2|29|df=yes}} {{smaller|(Project)}}
* {{Start date and age|2019|06|24|df=yes}} {{smaller|(Current gen)}}
}}
| price = {{plainlist|
* US$4.00 (Pi Pico)
* US$35.00 (Pi 4 1GB RAM)
* US$45.00 (Pi 4 2GB RAM)
* US$55.00 (Pi 4 4GB RAM)<ref name="Pi4OnSale">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-4-on-sale-now-from-35/|title=Raspberry Pi 4 on sale now from $35|date=24 June 2019|first=Eben|last=Upton|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref>
* US$75.00 (Pi 4 8GB RAM)<ref name="EightGB" />
* US$70.00 (Pi 400 4 GB)<ref name="FourHundred">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-400-the-70-desktop-pc/|title=Raspberry Pi 400: the $70 desktop PC|date=2 Nov 2020|first=Eben|last=Upton|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref><!-- Do Not Change Units. Raspberry Pi Foundation stated prices in US dollars. -->
}}
| soc = {{plainlist|
* '''Pi 3 A+''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2837B0{{wbr}}<ref name="specs" />
* '''Pi 4 B''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2711B0{{wbr}}<ref name="specs" />
* '''Zero W''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2835{{wbr}}<ref name="specs" />
* '''CM 3+''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2837B0{{wbr}}<ref name="CM3+" />
}}
| cpu = {{plainlist|
* '''Pi 3 A+''': 1.4 [[Hertz|GHz]] [[Multi-core processor|quad-core]] [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|A53]] [[64-bit computing|64-bit]]<ref name="specs" />
* '''Pi 4 B''': 1.5 [[Hertz|GHz]] [[Multi-core processor|quad-core]] [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A72|A72]] [[64-bit computing|64-bit]]<ref name="specs" />
* '''Zero W''': 1 [[Hertz|GHz]] [[Engineering:ARM11|ARM11]] [[32-bit computing|32-bit]]<ref name="specs" />
* '''CM 3+''': 1.2 [[Hertz|GHz]] [[Multi-core processor|quad-core]] [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|A53]] [[64-bit computing|64-bit]]<ref name="CM3+" />
}}
| graphics = {{plainlist|
* '''Pi 3 A+''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] IV 400 MHz<ref name="BCM2837">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bcm2837/README.md|title=BCM2835 – Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
* '''Pi 4 B''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] VI 500 MHz<ref name="BCM2711">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bcm2711/README.md|title=BCM2711 – Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
* '''Zero W''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] IV<ref name="BCM2835">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bcm2835/README.md|title=BCM2835 – Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
* '''CM 3+''': [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] IV<ref name="BCM2837"/>
}}
| storage = MicroSDHC slot, USB Mass Storage device for booting<ref name="Only certain models support this natively">{{cite web | url= https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bootmodes/msd.md|website=Only Supports Pi 2 v1.2 and up|title=Pi Bootmodes}}</ref>
| memory = {{plainlist|
* '''Pi 3 A+''': 512 MB LPDDR2 SDRAM<ref name="specs">{{cite web |last1=Hattersley |first1=Lucy |title=Raspberry Pi 4, 3A+, Zero W – specs, benchmarks & thermal tests |url=https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/articles/raspberry-pi-specs-benchmarks |website=The MagPi magazine |publisher=Raspberry Pi Trading Ltd |access-date=28 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Pi 4 B''': 1 (discontinued), 2, 4, or 8 GB LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM<ref name="Raspberry Pi 4 Model B tech specs">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/specifications/|title=Raspberry Pi 4 Tech Specs|website=Raspberry Pi|access-date=26 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="EightGB" />
* '''Zero W''': 512 MB LPDDR2 SDRAM<ref name="Zero-Announcement" />
* '''CM 3+''': 1 GB LPDDR2 SDRAM<ref name="CM3+">{{cite web |title=DATASHEET – Raspberry Pi Compute Module 3+|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/datasheets/rpi_DATA_CM3plus_1p0.pdf |website=Raspberrypi.org |access-date=28 May 2020 |date=1 January 2019}}</ref>
}}
| os = [[Software:Linux|Linux]] (incl [[Software:Raspberry Pi OS|Raspberry Pi OS]])<br />[[Software:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]<br />[[Software:NetBSD|NetBSD]]<br />[[Organization:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]]<br />[[Software:Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9]]<br />[[Software:RISC OS|RISC OS]]<br />Windows 10 ARM64<br />
Windows 10 IoT Core<ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=Windows 10 for IoT |date=30 April 2015 |first=Liz |last=Upton |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation| url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/windows-10-for-iot/}}</ref><br />and OS-less [[Embedded system|Embedded]] RTL's{{clarify|date=May 2022}}.
| power = 5 V; 3 A (for full power delivery to USB devices)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bcm2711/rpi_DATA_2711_1p0_preliminary.pdf|title=Datasheet : Raspberry Pi 4 Model B|date=June 2019|website=Raspberrypi.org|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref>
| website = {{official URL}}
| aka = RPi, Raspi
}}
'''Raspberry Pi''' ({{IPAc-en|p|aɪ}}) is a series of small [[Engineering:Single-board computer|single-board computer]]s (SBCs) developed in the {{wipe|United Kingdom}} by the [[Organization:Raspberry Pi Foundation|Raspberry Pi Foundation]] in association with [[Company:Broadcom Inc.|Broadcom]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi Foundation – About Us|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/about/|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Raspberrypi.org|language=en-GB}}</ref> The Raspberry Pi project originally leaned towards the promotion of teaching basic [[Computer science|computer science]] in schools and in developing countries.<ref>{{cite web |last= Cellan-Jones |first= Rory |title= A£15 computer to inspire young programmers |work=BBC News|date= 5 May 2011 |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/rorycellanjones/2011/05/a_15_computer_to_inspire_young.html }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last= Price |first= Peter |title= Can a £15 computer solve the programming gap? |work= BBC Click |date= 3 June 2011 |url= https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/9504208.stm |access-date= 2 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.electronicsweekly.com/Articles/2011/05/25/51129/Dongle-computer-lets-kids-discover-programming-on-a.htm |title= Dongle computer lets kids discover programming on a TV |access-date= 11 July 2011 |last= Bush |first= Steve |date= 25 May 2011 |work= Electronics Weekly}}</ref> The original model became more popular than anticipated,<ref name="1000x"/> selling outside its [[Finance:Target market|target market]] for uses such as robotics. It is widely used in many areas, such as for [[Engineering:Automatic weather station|weather monitoring]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/the-raspberry-pi-in-scientific-research/|title=The Raspberry Pi in scientific research|date=2013-04-25|first=Liz|last=Upton|website=Raspberry Pi|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-04-03}}</ref> because of its low cost, modularity, and open design. It is typically used by computer and electronic hobbyists, due to its adoption of the [[Engineering:HDMI|HDMI]] and [[Engineering:USB|USB]] standards.

After the release of the second board type, the Raspberry Pi Foundation set up a new entity, named Raspberry Pi Trading, and installed Eben Upton as [[Social:Chief executive officer|CEO]], with the responsibility of developing technology.<ref>{{cite web|title=Eben Upton CBE|url=https://archivesit.org.uk/interviews/eben-upton-cbe/|access-date=2020-11-17|website=Archives of IT|language=en-US}}</ref> The Foundation was rededicated as an educational charity for promoting the teaching of basic computer science in schools and developing countries. Most Pis are made in a [[Company:Sony|Sony]] factory in Pencoed, Wales,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonypencoed.co.uk/about/|title=About Us|website=sonypencoed.co.uk|access-date=27 September 2017}}</ref> while others are made in China and Japan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tung |first1=Liam |title=Raspberry Pi: 14 million sold, 10 million made in the UK {{!}} ZDNet |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/14-million-raspberry-pis-sold-10-million-made-in-the-uk/ |publisher=ZDNet |date=27 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|number=1392224692862427138|user=chrisfleck|title=Great call with @EbenUpton today. Congrats on 40 Million #RaspberryPi sold! A lot more headed to The enterprise wit…<!-- full text of tweet that Twitter returned to the bot (excluding links) added by TweetCiteBot. This may be better truncated or may need expanding (TW limits responses to 140 characters) or case changes. --> |date=11 May 2021}}</ref>

== Series and generations ==
[[File:Raspberry Pi Zero W (32974172980) (cropped).jpg|thumb|The Raspberry Pi Zero, a US$7 model first introduced in 2015]]
[[File:Raspberry Pi 3 B+ (39906369025).png|thumb|The Raspberry Pi 3 B+, introduced in 2018]]
[[File:Raspberry Pi 4 Model B - Top.jpg|thumb|The Raspberry Pi 4 B, introduced in 2019]]
[[File:Raspberry pi pico.jpg|thumb|The Raspberry Pi Pico, introduced in 2021]]
[[File:18713-Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W-04 (cropped).jpg|thumb|The Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W introduced in 2021]]

There are three series of Raspberry Pi, and several generations of each have been released. Raspberry Pi SBCs feature a [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] [[System on a chip|system on a chip]] (SoC) with an integrated [[ARM architecture|ARM]]-compatible [[Central processing unit|central processing unit]] (CPU) and on-chip graphics processing unit (GPU), while Raspberry Pi Pico has a [[Engineering:RP2040|RP2040]] system on chip with an integrated [[ARM architecture|ARM]]-compatible [[Central processing unit|central processing unit]] (CPU).

===Raspberry Pi===
* The first-generation '''Raspberry Pi Model B''' was released in February 2012, followed by the simpler and cheaper '''Model A'''.
* In 2014, the Foundation released a board with an improved design, '''Raspberry Pi Model B+'''. These first generation boards feature [[Engineering:ARM11|ARM11 processors]], are approximately credit-card sized and represent the standard ''mainline'' form-factor. Improved A+ and B models were released within a year. A "Compute Module" was released in April 2014 for [[Embedded system|embedded applications]].
<!-- Raspberry Pi 2 -->
* {{anchor|Raspberry Pi 2}}The '''Raspberry Pi 2''' was released in February 2015 and initially featured a 900&nbsp;MHz 32-bit quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 processor with 1 GB RAM. Revision 1.2 featured a 900&nbsp;MHz [[64-bit computing|64-bit]] quad-core [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|ARM Cortex-A53]] processor (the same as that in the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B, but underclocked to 900&nbsp;MHz).<ref name=":0" />
<!-- Raspberry Pi 3 -->
* {{anchor|Raspberry Pi 3}}The '''Raspberry Pi 3 Model B''' was released in February 2016 with a 1.2&nbsp;GHz 64-bit [[Multi-core processor|quad core]] [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|ARM Cortex-A53]] processor, on-board 802.11n [[Wi-Fi]], [[Bluetooth]] and USB boot capabilities.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/pi-3-interview/|title=Eben Upton talks Raspberry Pi 3 |work=The MagPi Magazine|date=29 February 2016}}</ref>
* On Pi Day 2018, the '''Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+''' was launched with a faster 1.4&nbsp;GHz processor, a three-times faster [[Gigabit Ethernet|gigabit Ethernet]] (throughput limited to ca. 300 Mbit/s by the internal USB 2.0 connection), and 2.4 / 5&nbsp;GHz dual-band 802.11ac Wi-Fi (100 Mbit/s).<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release"/> Other features are [[Power over Ethernet]] (PoE) (with the add-on PoE HAT), USB boot and network boot (an [[Engineering:SD card|SD card]] is no longer required).
<!-- Raspberry Pi 4 -->
* {{anchor|Raspberry Pi 4}}The '''Raspberry Pi 4 Model B''' was released in June 2019<ref name="Pi4OnSale"/> with a 1.5&nbsp;GHz 64-bit quad core [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A72|ARM Cortex-A72]] processor, on-board 802.11ac [[Wi-Fi]], Bluetooth 5, full [[Gigabit Ethernet|gigabit Ethernet]] (throughput not limited), two USB 2.0 ports, two USB 3.0 ports, 1–8 GB of RAM, and dual-monitor support via a pair of micro HDMI (HDMI Type D) ports for up to [[4K resolution|4K resolution]]. The version with 1 GB RAM has been abandoned and the prices of the 2 GB version have been reduced. The 8 GB version has a revised circuit board. The Pi 4 is also powered via a USB-C port, enabling additional power to be provided to downstream peripherals, when used with an appropriate PSU. But the Pi can only be operated with 5 volts and not 9 or 12 volts like other mini computers of this class. The initial Raspberry Pi 4 board has a design flaw where third-party e-marked USB cables, such as those used on Apple MacBooks, incorrectly identify it and refuse to provide power.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.androidauthority.com/raspberry-pi-4-usb-c-1007617/|title=Confirmed: Raspberry Pi 4 suffers from significant USB-C design flaw|date=10 July 2019|website=Android Authority}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2019/07/09/the-raspberry-pi-4-doesnt-work-with-all-usb-c-cables/|title=The Raspberry Pi 4 doesn't work with all USB-C cables|website=Social.techcrunch.com|date=9 July 2019 |access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref> [[Tom's Hardware]] tested 14 different cables and found that 11 of them turned on and powered the Pi without issue.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/raspberry-pi-4-usb-c-cables-that-work,39869.html |title=Tested: 10+ Raspberry Pi 4 USB-C Cables That Work |date=13 July 2019 |publisher=Tom's Hardware |access-date=21 July 2019 |quote="you’ll still need an AC adapter that delivers 5 volts and at least 3 amps of power so, unless you already have one, your best bet might be to buy the official Raspberry Pi 4 power supply, which comes with a built-in cable and goes for $8 to $10."}}</ref> The design flaw was fixed in revision 1.2 of the board, released in late 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2020/02/21/pi_4_fixed/ | title=Get in the C: Raspberry Pi 4 can handle a wider range of USB adapters thanks to revised design's silent arrival |date=21 February 2020 |first=Richard |last=Speed |website=The Register }}</ref> In mid-2021, Pi 4 B models appeared with the improved Broadcom BCM2711'''C0'''. The manufacturer is now using this chip for the Pi 4 B and Pi 400. However, the tack frequency of the Pi 4 B was not increased in the factory.
[[File:Raspberry Pi 400 (50586757772).jpg|thumb|Raspberry Pi 400 Kit]]
<!-- Raspberry Pi 400 -->
* {{anchor|Raspberry Pi 400}}The '''Raspberry Pi 400''' was released in November 2020. A modern example of a [[Keyboard computer|keyboard computer]], it features 4 GB of LPDDR4 RAM on a custom board derived from the existing Raspberry Pi 4 combined with a keyboard in a single case. The case was derived from that of the Raspberry Pi Keyboard.<ref>{{cite web|date=2020-11-03|title=Designing Raspberry Pi 400|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/designing-raspberry-pi-400/|access-date=2021-07-07|website=Raspberry Pi|language=en-GB}}</ref> A robust cooling solution (i.e. a broad metal plate) and an upgraded switched-mode power supply<ref name="1.8GHz" /> allow the Raspberry Pi 400's Broadcom BCM2711C0 processor to be clocked at 1.8&nbsp;GHz, which is 20% faster than the Raspberry Pi 4 it is based on.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://techreportarticles.com/news/reviews-news/raspberry-pi-400-review/|title=Raspberry Pi 400 Review|date=4 Jan 2021|website=TechReportArticles|access-date=5 January 2021|archive-date=5 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105032108/https://techreportarticles.com/news/reviews-news/raspberry-pi-400-review/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<!-- Raspberry Pi 5 -->{{anchor|Raspberry Pi 5}}

===Raspberry Pi Zero===
* A '''Raspberry Pi Zero''' with smaller size and reduced [[Input output|input/output]] (I/O) and general-purpose input/output (GPIO) capabilities was released in November 2015 for US$5.
* On 16 May 2016, the '''Raspberry Pi Zero v1.3''' was released, which added a camera connector.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2016-05-16 |title=Zero grows a camera connector |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/zero-grows-camera-connector/ |access-date=2022-07-31 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* On 28 February 2017, the '''Raspberry Pi Zero W''' was launched, a version of the Zero with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, for US$10.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/02/new-10-raspberry-pi-zero-comes-with-wi-fi-and-bluetooth/|title=New $10 Raspberry Pi Zero comes with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth|work=Ars Technica|access-date=28 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/3175256/computers/the-10-raspberry-pi-zero-w-brings-wi-fi-and-bluetooth-to-the-minusule-micro-pc.html|title=The $10 Raspberry Pi Zero W brings Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to the minuscule micro|work=PC World|access-date=28 February 2017}}</ref>
* On 12 January 2018, the '''Raspberry Pi Zero WH''' was launched, a version of the Zero W with pre-soldered GPIO headers.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/zero-wh/|title=Zero WH: Pre-soldered headers and what to do with them|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|date=12 January 2018|first=Alex|last=Bate}}</ref>
* On 28 October 2021, the '''Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W''' was launched, a version of the Zero W with a [[Engineering:System in a package|system in a package]] (SiP) designed by Raspberry Pi and based on the Raspberry Pi 3.<ref name="PiZero2WAnnouncement">{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-2/|title=New product: Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W on sale now at $15|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|date=28 October 2021|first=Eben|last=Upton}}</ref> In contrast to the older Zero models, the Pi Zero 2 W is 64-bit capable. The price is around US$15.

===Raspberry Pi Pico===
* '''Raspberry Pi Pico''' was released in January 2021 with a retail price of $4.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Campbell |first1=Ian |title=The Raspberry Pi Pico is a tiny $4 microcontroller running off the company's very own chip |url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2021/1/21/22242619/raspberry-pi-pico-microcontroller-tiny-computer-diy-projects |access-date=22 January 2021 |publisher=the verge |date=21 January 2021}}</ref> It was Raspberry Pi's first board based upon a single [[Engineering:Microcontroller|microcontroller]] chip; the [[Engineering:RP2040|RP2040]], which was designed by Raspberry Pi in the UK.<ref>{{cite web|last=Foundation|first=The Raspberry Pi|title=Raspberry Pi Pico specifications|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-pico/|access-date=2021-01-21|website=Raspberry Pi|language=en-GB}}</ref> The Pico has 264 KB of RAM and 2 MB of [[Flash memory|flash memory]]. It is programmable in [[Software:MicroPython|MicroPython]], [[Software:CircuitPython|CircuitPython]], [[C (programming language)|C]] and [[Rust (programming language)|Rust]]. The Raspberry Pi Foundation has partnered with [[Company:Adafruit Industries|Adafruit]], Pimoroni, [[Software:Arduino|Arduino]] and [[Company:SparkFun Electronics|SparkFun]] to build accessories for Raspberry Pi Pico and variety of other boards using RP2040 Silicon Platform.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-silicon-pico-now-on-sale/|title=Meet Raspberry Silicon: Raspberry Pi Pico now on sale at $4|date=21 January 2021}}</ref> Rather than perform the role of general purpose computer (like the others in the range) it is designed for [[Physical computing|physical computing]], similar in concept to an Arduino.<ref>{{cite web|last=January 2021|first=Les Pounder 28|title=Raspberry Pi Pico vs Arduino: Which Board Is Better?|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/uk/features/raspberry-pi-pico-vs-arduino|access-date=2021-03-11|website=Tom's Hardware|date=28 January 2021|language=en}}</ref>
* On 30 June 2022, the '''Raspberry Pi Pico W''' was launched, a version of the Pico with 802.11n [[Wi-Fi]] capability, for US$6. The CYW43439 wireless chip in the Pico W also supports [[Bluetooth]], but the capability was not enabled at launch.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-pico-w-your-6-iot-platform/|title=Raspberry Pi Pico W: your $6 IoT platform|work=Raspberry Pi|access-date=30 June 2022}}</ref>

===Model comparison===
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col" | Family
! scope="col" | Model
! SoC
! Memory
! scope="col" | Form Factor
! scope="col" | Ethernet
! scope="col" | Wireless
! scope="col" | GPIO
! scope="col" | Released
! scope="col" | Discontinued
|-
| rowspan="5" | Raspberry Pi
| rowspan="2" | B
| rowspan="5" | BCM2835
|| 256 MB
| rowspan="4" | Standard{{efn|group="form"|name="std"}}
| rowspan="2" | Yes
| rowspan="5" | No
| rowspan="3" | 26-pin
| February 2012
| rowspan="2" | Yes
|-
|| 512  MB
| October 2012<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/model-b-now-ships-with-512mb-of-ram/|title=Model B Now Ships with 512MB of RAM|date=15 October 2012|website=Raspberry Pi Blog|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref>
|-
| A
|| 256 MB
| No
| 2013
| rowspan="10" | No
|-
| B+
| rowspan="2" |512 MB
| Yes
| rowspan="14" | 40-pin
| rowspan="2" | 2014
|-
| A+
| Compact{{efn|group="form"|name="cmpt"}}
| No
|-
| Raspberry Pi 2
| B
| BCM2836/7
| 1 GB
| Standard{{efn|group="form"|name="std"}}
| Yes
| No
| rowspan="2" | 2015
|-
| rowspan="3" | Raspberry Pi Zero
| Zero
| rowspan="2" | BCM2835
| rowspan="3" | 512 MB
| rowspan="3" | Ultra-compact{{efn|group="form"|name="zero"|{{cvt|65|x|30|mm}}}}
| rowspan="3" | No
| No
|-
| W/WH
| rowspan="2" | Yes
| 2017
|-
| 2 W
| BCM2710A1,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=28 October 2021|title=New product: Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W on sale now at $15|publisher=Raspberry Pi Trading|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/new-raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-2/|access-date=2 December 2021|quote=Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W uses the same Broadcom BCM2710A1 SoC die as the launch version of Raspberry Pi 3}}</ref> custom Raspberry Pi system-in-package RP3A0
| 2021
|-
| rowspan="3" | Raspberry Pi 3
| B
| BCM2837A0/B0
| 1 GB
| Standard{{efn|group="form"|name="std"}}
| Yes
| Yes
| 2016
|-
| A+
| rowspan="2" | BCM2837B0
| 512 MB
| Compact{{efn|group="form"|name="cmpt"}}
| No
| rowspan="2" | Yes (dual band)
| 2018
|-
| B+
| 1 GB
| Standard{{efn|group="form"|name="std"}}
| Yes ([[Gigabit Ethernet]]){{efn|group="nicspeed"|name="usb"}}
| 2018
|-
| rowspan="5" | Raspberry Pi 4
| rowspan="4" | B
| rowspan="5" | BCM2711
| 1 GB
| rowspan="4" | Standard{{efn|group="form"|name="std"}}
| rowspan="5" | Yes ([[Gigabit Ethernet]])
| rowspan="5" | Yes (dual band)
| rowspan="3" | 2019<ref name="TechRepublicPi4" />
| March 2020<ref name="TwoGBMin">{{Cite news|last=Halfacree|first=Gareth|date=March 2020|title=Raspberry Pi 4 now comes with 2GB RAM Minimum|page=6|work=The MagPi|publisher=Raspberry Pi Press|issue=91|url=https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/issues/91/pdf|access-date=28 May 2020|quote=we say farewell to the 1GB model}}</ref> to October 2021<ref name="Pi4-1GB-reintroduced">{{Cite news|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=20 October 2021|title=1GB Raspberry Pi 4 makes a comeback|publisher=Raspberry Pi Trading|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/supply-chain-shortages-and-our-first-ever-price-increase/|access-date=16 November 2021|quote=we are reintroducing the 1GB variant at the $35 price point}}</ref>
|-
| 2 GB
| rowspan="6" | No
|-
| 4 GB
|-
| 8 GB
| rowspan="2" | 2020
|-
| 400
| 4 GB
| Keyboard
|-
| rowspan="2" | Raspberry Pi Pico
| N/A
| rowspan="2" | [[Engineering:RP2040|RP2040]] 
| rowspan="2" | 264 KB
| rowspan="2" | Pico (21&nbsp;mm × 51&nbsp;mm)
| rowspan="2" | No
| No
| rowspan="2" | 40-pin
| 2021
|-
| W
| Yes (2.4 GHz band)
| 2022
|}
</div>
{{notelist|group="Form Factor"|refs=
{{efn|group="form"|name="std"|{{cvt|85.6|x|56.5|mm}}}}
{{efn|group="form"|name="cmpt"|{{cvt|65|x|56.5|mm}}}}
{{efn|group="nicspeed"|name="usb"|Throughput limited to ca. 300 Mbit/s by the internal USB 2.0 connection}}
}}

As of 4 May 2021, the Foundation is committed to manufacture most Pi models until at least January 2026.  Even the 1&nbsp;GB Pi 4B can still be specially-ordered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/|title=Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=Raspberrypi.com|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref>

== Hardware ==
 The Raspberry Pi hardware has evolved through several versions that feature variations in the type of the central processing unit, amount of [[Computer memory|memory]] capacity, networking support, and peripheral-device support.

{{anchor|Block diagram<!--linked to from "Hardware" section-->}}[[File:Raspberrypi block function v01.svg|thumb|Block diagram describing models B, B+, A and A+]]

This block diagram describes models B, B+, A and A+. The Pi Zero models are similar, but lack the [[Ethernet]] and [[Engineering:USB|USB]] hub components. The Ethernet adapter is internally connected to an additional USB port. In Model A, A+, and the Pi Zero, the USB port is connected directly to the [[System on a chip|system on a chip]] (SoC). On the Pi 1 Model B+ and later models the USB/Ethernet chip contains a five-port USB hub, of which four ports are available, while the Pi 1 Model B only provides two. On the Pi Zero, the USB port is also connected directly to the SoC, but it uses a micro USB (OTG) port. Unlike all other Pi models, the 40 pin GPIO connector is omitted on the Pi Zero, with solderable through-holes only in the pin locations. The Pi Zero WH remedies this.

Processor speed ranges from 700 MHz to 1.4 GHz for the Pi 3 Model B+ or 1.5 GHz for the Pi 4; on-board memory ranges from 256 [[Megabyte|MB]] to 8 [[Gigabyte|GB]] [[Random-access memory|random-access memory]] (RAM), with only the Raspberry Pi 4 having more than 1 GB. [[Secure Digital]] (SD) cards in MicroSDHC form factor (SDHC on early models) are used to store the operating system and program memory, however some models also come with onboard eMMC storage<ref>{{cite web|title=Flashing the Compute Module eMMC – Raspberry Pi Documentation|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/cm-emmc-flashing.md|access-date=2021-07-14|website=www.raspberrypi.org}}</ref> and the Raspberry Pi 4 can also make use of USB-attached [[Solid-state drive|SSD]] storage for its operating system.<ref>{{cite web|title=I'm booting my Raspberry Pi 4 from a USB SSD {{!}} Jeff Geerling|url=https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2020/im-booting-my-raspberry-pi-4-usb-ssd|access-date=2021-07-14|website=www.jeffgeerling.com}}</ref> The boards have one to five [[Engineering:USB|USB]] ports. For video output, [[Engineering:HDMI|HDMI]] and [[Composite video|composite video]] are supported, with a standard 3.5&nbsp;mm [[Engineering:Phone connector (audio)|tip-ring-sleeve]] jack for audio output. Lower-level output is provided by a number of GPIO pins, which support common protocols like [[I²C]]. The B-models have an 8P8C [[Ethernet]] port and the Pi 3, Pi 4 and Pi Zero W have on-board [[Wi-Fi]] 802.11n and [[Bluetooth]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Team|first=Device Plus Editorial|date=2016-09-15|title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model B WiFi & Bluetooth Setup|url=https://www.deviceplus.com/raspberry-pi/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-wifi-bluetooth-setup/|access-date=2020-11-17|website=Device Plus|language=en-US}}</ref>
{{Clear|left}}

=== Processor ===
[[File:Raspberry-Pi-2-Bare-BR.jpg|thumb|The Raspberry Pi 2B uses a 32-bit 900 MHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 processor.]]
The Broadcom BCM2835 SoC used in the first generation Raspberry Pi<ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website" /> includes a 700 [[Hertz|MHz]] [[32-bit|32-bit]] [[Engineering:ARM11|ARM11]]76JZF-S processor, [[VideoCore]] IV [[Graphics processing unit|graphics processing unit]] (GPU),<ref name="grandmax brose 2012">{{cite news|url=https://www.grandmax.net/2012/01/broadcom-bcm2835-soc-has-powerful.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218012632/https://www.grandmax.net/2012/01/broadcom-bcm2835-soc-has-powerful.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 February 2012|title=Broadcom BCM2835 SoC has the most powerful mobile GPU in the world?|date=30 January 2012|work=Grand MAX|access-date=13 April 2012|author=Brose, Moses}}</ref> and RAM. It has a level 1 (L1) [[CPU cache|cache]] of 16 [[Kilobyte|KB]] and a level 2 (L2) cache of 128 KB. The level 2 cache is used primarily by the GPU. The SoC is [[Engineering:Package on package|stacked]] underneath the RAM chip, so only its edge is visible. The ARM1176JZ(F)-S is the same CPU used in the [[Engineering:IPhone (1st generation)|original iPhone]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/2782|title=The iPhone 3GS Hardware Exposed & Analyzed|last=Shimpi|first=Anand Lal|access-date=11 October 2018}}</ref> although at a higher [[Clock rate|clock rate]], and mated with a much faster GPU.

The earlier V1.1 model of the Raspberry Pi 2 used a Broadcom BCM2836 SoC with a 900&nbsp;MHz [[32-bit|32-bit]], quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 processor, with 256 KB shared L2 cache.<ref name="2-B-Announcement">{{cite web| url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-2-on-sale/ |title=Raspberry Pi 2 on sale now at $35 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=2 February 2015 |first=Eben |last=Upton |access-date=5 August 2015}}</ref> The Raspberry Pi 2 V1.2 was upgraded to a Broadcom BCM2837 SoC with a 1.2&nbsp;GHz [[64-bit computing|64-bit]] quad-core [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|ARM Cortex-A53]] processor,<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://docs-europe.electrocomponents.com/webdocs/1568/0900766b8156853c.pdf|title=Raspberry Pi 2, Model B V1.2 Technical Specifications|publisher=RS Components|access-date=20 September 2017|archive-date=20 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920142155/http://docs-europe.electrocomponents.com/webdocs/1568/0900766b8156853c.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> the same one which is used on the Raspberry Pi 3, but [[Engineering:Underclocking|underclocked]] (by default) to the same 900&nbsp;MHz CPU clock speed as the V1.1. The BCM2836 SoC is no longer in production as of late 2016.

The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B uses a Broadcom BCM2837 SoC with a 1.2&nbsp;GHz 64-bit quad-core [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|ARM Cortex-A53]] processor, with 512 KB shared L2 cache. The Model A+ and B+ are 1.4&nbsp;GHz<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/|title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B – Raspberry Pi|website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+ |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-a-plus}}/</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b-plus/}}/</ref>

The Raspberry Pi 4 uses a Broadcom BCM2711 SoC with a 1.5&nbsp;GHz (later models: 1.8&nbsp;GHz) 64-bit quad-core [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A72|ARM Cortex-A72]] processor, with 1 MB shared L2 cache.<ref name="pi-4-specs">{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 4 Model B specifications |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/specifications/ |access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref><ref name="pi-4-ct-article">{{cite journal | last = Merten | first = Dr. Maik | date = 14 September 2019 | title = Raspi-Kernschau – Das Prozessor-Innenleben des Raspberry Pi 4 im Detail | trans-title = Raspi-kernel-show – The inner life of the Raspberry Pi 4 processor in detail | language = de | journal = C't | volume = 2019 | issue = 20 | pages = 164–169}}</ref> Unlike previous models, which all used a custom [[Programmable interrupt controller|interrupt controller]] poorly suited for virtualisation, the interrupt controller on this SoC is compatible with the ARM Generic Interrupt Controller (GIC) architecture 2.0, providing hardware support for interrupt distribution when using ARM virtualisation capabilities.<ref>{{cite web|title=22. Raspberry Pi 4 — Trusted Firmware-A documentation|url=https://trustedfirmware-a.readthedocs.io/en/latest/plat/rpi4.html|website=trustedfirmware-a.readthedocs.io|access-date=2020-05-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Playing with a Raspberry Pi 4 64-bit {{!}} CloudKernels|url=https://blog.cloudkernels.net/posts/rpi4-64bit-virt/|website=blog.cloudkernels.net|access-date=2020-05-04}}</ref>

The Raspberry Pi Zero and Zero W use the same Broadcom BCM2835 SoC as the first generation Raspberry Pi, although now running at 1&nbsp;GHz CPU clock speed.<ref name="pi-zero-specs">{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Zero |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-zero/ |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>

The Raspberry Pi Zero W 2 uses the RP3A0-AU CPU, a 1&nbsp;GHz 64 bit ARM Cortex A53, on 512MB of SDRAM. Documentation states this "system-on-package" is a Broadcom BCM2710A1 package, using a BCM2837 Broadcom chip as core, which is an ARM v8 quad-core. The RPi3 also uses the BCM2837, but at 1.2&nbsp;GHz, since the Pi Zero W 2 clock is 1&nbsp;GHz.

The Raspberry Pi Pico uses the RP2040 running at 133&nbsp;MHz.

==== Performance ====
While operating at 700&nbsp;MHz by default, the first generation Raspberry Pi provided a real-world performance roughly equivalent to 0.041 [[FLOPS|GFLOPS]].<ref name=eLinux-perf>{{cite web|title=Performance – measures of the Raspberry Pi's performance.|url=https://elinux.org/RPi_Performance|work=RPi Performance|publisher=eLinux.org|access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref><ref name=hackaday-raspi>{{cite web|last=Benchoff|first=Brian|title=64 Rasberry Pis turned into a supercomputer|date=12 September 2012|url=https://hackaday.com/2012/09/12/64-rasberry-pis-turned-into-a-supercomputer/|publisher=Hackaday|access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref> On the CPU level the performance is similar to a 300&nbsp;MHz [[Engineering:Pentium II|Pentium II]] of 1997–99. The GPU provides 1 Gpixel/s or 1.5 [[Texel (graphics)|Gtexel]]/s of graphics processing or 24 GFLOPS of general purpose computing performance. The graphical capabilities of the Raspberry Pi are roughly equivalent to the performance of the [[Engineering:Xbox (console)|Xbox]] of 2001.

Raspberry Pi 2 V1.1 included a quad-core Cortex-A7 CPU running at 900&nbsp;MHz and 1 GB RAM. It was described as 4–6 times more powerful than its predecessor. The GPU was identical to the original.<ref name="2-B-Announcement" /> In parallelised benchmarks, the Raspberry Pi 2 V1.1 could be up to 14 times faster than a Raspberry Pi 1 Model B+.<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi2 – Power and Performance Measurement|url=https://raspi.tv/2015/raspberry-pi2-power-and-performance-measurement|website=RasPi.TV|date=3 February 2015|publisher=RasPi.TV|access-date=6 July 2016}}</ref>

The Raspberry Pi 3, with a quad-core [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] processor, is described as having ten times the performance of a Raspberry Pi 1.<ref name="Pi3OnSale">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-on-sale/|title=Raspberry Pi 3 on sale now at $35|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=29 February 2016|website=Raspberry Pi|access-date=29 February 2016}}</ref> Benchmarks showed the Raspberry Pi 3 to be approximately 80% faster than the Raspberry Pi 2 in [[Parallel computing|parallelised]] tasks.<ref>{{cite news|title=How Much Power Does Raspberry Pi3B Use? How Fast Is It Compared To Pi2B?|url=https://raspi.tv/2016/how-much-power-does-raspberry-pi3b-use-how-fast-is-it-compared-to-pi2b|website=RasPi.TV|date=3 March 2016|publisher=RasPi.TV|access-date=6 July 2016}}</ref>

The Raspberry Pi 4, with a quad-core [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A72|Cortex-A72]] processor, is described as having three times the performance of a Raspberry Pi 3.<ref name="Pi4OnSale"/>

==== Overclocking ====
Most Raspberry Pi [[System on a chip|systems-on-chip]] could be [[Engineering:Overclocking|overclocked]] to 800&nbsp;MHz, and some to 1000&nbsp;MHz. There are reports the Raspberry Pi 2 can be similarly overclocked, in extreme cases, even to 1500&nbsp;MHz (discarding all safety features and over-voltage limitations). In [[Software:Raspberry Pi OS|Raspberry Pi OS]] the overclocking options on [[Booting|boot]] can be made by a software command running "sudo raspi-config" without voiding the warranty.<ref name="Turbo mode"/> In those cases the Pi automatically shuts the overclocking down if the chip [[Physics:Temperature|temperature]] reaches {{convert|85|C|F}}, but it is possible to override automatic over-voltage and overclocking settings (voiding the warranty); an appropriately sized [[Physics:Heat sink|heat sink]] is needed to protect the chip from serious [[Physics:Overheating (electricity)|overheating]].

Newer versions of the [[Firmware|firmware]] contain the option to choose between five overclock ("turbo") presets that, when used, attempt to maximise the performance of the SoC without impairing the lifetime of the board. This is done by monitoring the core temperature of the chip and the [[Load (computing)|CPU load]], and dynamically adjusting [[Clock rate|clock speeds]] and the [[CPU core voltage|core voltage]]. When the demand is low on the CPU or it is running too hot, the performance is [[Throttling process (computing)|throttled]], but if the CPU has much to do and the chip's temperature is acceptable, performance is temporarily increased with clock speeds of up to 1&nbsp;GHz, depending on the board version and on which of the turbo settings is used.

The overclocking modes are:
* none; 700&nbsp;MHz ARM, 250&nbsp;MHz core, 400&nbsp;MHz SDRAM, 0 overvolting,
* modest; 800&nbsp;MHz ARM, 250&nbsp;MHz core, 400&nbsp;MHz SDRAM, 0 overvolting,
* medium; 900&nbsp;MHz ARM, 250&nbsp;MHz core, 450&nbsp;MHz SDRAM, 2 overvolting,
* high; 950&nbsp;MHz ARM, 250&nbsp;MHz core, 450&nbsp;MHz SDRAM, 6 overvolting,
* turbo; 1000&nbsp;MHz ARM, 500&nbsp;MHz core, 600&nbsp;MHz SDRAM, 6 overvolting,
* Pi 2; 1000&nbsp;MHz ARM, 500&nbsp;MHz core, 500&nbsp;MHz SDRAM, 2 overvolting,
* Pi 3; 1100&nbsp;MHz ARM, 550&nbsp;MHz core, 500&nbsp;MHz SDRAM, 6 overvolting. In system information the CPU speed appears as 1200&nbsp;MHz. When idling, speed lowers to 600&nbsp;MHz.<ref name="Turbo mode">{{cite web|title=Introducing turbo mode: up to 50% more performance for free| date=19 September 2012 | url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-turbo-mode-up-to-50-more-performance-for-free/ | publisher=Raspberrypi.org| access-date=20 September 2012}}</ref><ref name="turbosgithub">{{cite web|url=https://github.com/asb/raspi-config/blob/master/raspi-config|title=asb/raspi-config on Github| publisher=asb|access-date=11 May 2017}}</ref>

In the highest (''turbo'') mode the SDRAM clock speed was originally 500&nbsp;MHz, but this was later changed to 600&nbsp;MHz because of occasional SD card corruption. Simultaneously, in ''high'' mode the core clock speed was lowered from 450 to 250&nbsp;MHz, and in ''medium'' mode from 333 to 250&nbsp;MHz.

The CPU of the first and second generation Raspberry Pi board did not require cooling with a heat sink or [[Engineering:Computer fan|fan]], even when overclocked, but the Raspberry Pi 3 may generate more heat when overclocked.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/config-txt/overclocking.md |title=Configuration: Overclocking options |website=raspberrypi.org |access-date=20 July 2022}}</ref>

=== RAM ===
The early designs of the Raspberry Pi Model A and B boards included only 256 MB of random access memory (RAM). Of this, the early beta Model B boards allocated 128 MB to the GPU by default, leaving only 128 MB for the CPU.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/raspberry_pi/comments/oicyr/i_have_a_raspberry_pi_beta_board_ama/c3hj3n0 |title=I have a Raspberry Pi Beta Board AMA |website=reddit.com |date=15 January 2012 |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref> On the early 256 MB releases of models A and B, three different splits were possible. The default split was 192 MB for the CPU, which should be sufficient for standalone 1080p video decoding, or for simple 3D processing. 224 MB was for Linux processing only, with only a 1080p [[Framebuffer|framebuffer]], and was likely to fail for any video or 3D. 128 MB was for heavy 3D processing, possibly also with video decoding.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/config-txt/page-3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316062124/https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/config-txt/page-3|url-status=dead|title=Raspberry Pi boot configuration text file|website=raspberrypi.org|archive-date=16 March 2012}}</ref> In comparison, the [[Engineering:Nokia 701|Nokia 701]] uses 128 MB for the Broadcom VideoCore IV.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/nokia-701-has-a-similar-broadcom-gpu |title=Nokia 701 has a similar Broadcom GPU |website=raspberrypi.org |date=2 February 2012 |access-date=22 June 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205011054/https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/nokia-701-has-a-similar-broadcom-gpu |archive-date=5 February 2012  }}</ref>

The later Model B with 512 MB RAM, was released on 15 October 2012 and was initially released with new standard memory split files (arm256_start.elf, arm384_start.elf, arm496_start.elf) with 256 MB, 384 MB, and 496 MB CPU RAM, and with 256 MB, 128 MB, and 16 MB video RAM, respectively. But about one week later, the foundation released a new version of start.elf that could read a new entry in config.txt (gpu_mem=''xx'') and could dynamically assign an amount of RAM (from 16 to 256 MB in 8 MB steps) to the GPU, obsoleting the older method of splitting memory, and a single start.elf worked the same for 256 MB and 512 MB Raspberry Pis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2296|title=introducing new firmware for the 512 MB Pi|date=30 October 2012|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=25 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325234920/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2296|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Raspberry Pi 2 has 1 GB of RAM.

The Raspberry Pi 3 has 1 GB of RAM in the B and B+ models, and 512 MB of RAM in the A+ model.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-a-plus/|title=Raspberry Pi 3 A+ specs |website=raspberrypi.org |access-date=15 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/raspberry-pi-3-specs-benchmarks/ |title=Raspberry Pi 3 specs |website=raspberrypi.org |access-date=1 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-2-model-b/ |title=Raspberry Pi 2 specs |website=raspberrypi.org |access-date=1 October 2016}}</ref> The Raspberry Pi Zero and Zero W have 512 MB of RAM.

The Raspberry Pi 4 is available with 2, 4 or 8 GB of RAM.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/specifications|title=Raspberry Pi 4 specs|website=raspberrypi.org|access-date=25 June 2019}}</ref> A 1 GB model was originally available at launch in June 2019 but was discontinued in March 2020,<ref name="TwoGBMin" /> and the 8 GB model was introduced in May 2020.<ref name="EightGB">{{Cite news|last=Upton|first=Eben|date=28 May 2020|title=8GB Raspberry Pi 4 on sale now at $75|work=Raspberry Pi Blog|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/8gb-raspberry-pi-4-on-sale-now-at-75/|access-date=28 May 2020}}</ref>

=== Networking ===
The Model A, A+ and Pi Zero have no Ethernet circuitry and are commonly connected to a network using an external user-supplied USB Ethernet or [[Wi-Fi]] adapter. On the {{nowrap|Model B and B+}} the Ethernet port is provided by a built-in USB Ethernet adapter using the SMSC LAN9514 chip.<ref name="SMSC-LAN9514-specs"/><!-- Clearly visible on the PCB photos for the 1B+ and 2B --> The Raspberry Pi 3 and Pi Zero W (wireless) are equipped with 2.4&nbsp;GHz WiFi [[IEEE 802.11n-2009|802.11n]] {{nowrap|(150 Mbit/s)}} and Bluetooth 4.1 {{nowrap|(24 Mbit/s)}} based on the Broadcom BCM43438 FullMAC chip with no official support for [[Engineering:Monitor mode|monitor mode]] (though it was implemented through unofficial firmware patching<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/seemoo-lab/nexmon|title=seemoo-lab/nexmon|website=GitHub|date=2 November 2021}}</ref>) and the Pi 3 also has a 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet port. The Raspberry Pi 3B+ features dual-band [[IEEE 802.11|IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac WiFi]], Bluetooth 4.2, and Gigabit Ethernet (limited to approximately 300 Mbit/s by the USB 2.0 bus between it and the SoC). The Raspberry Pi 4 has full [[Gigabit Ethernet|gigabit Ethernet]] (throughput is not limited as it is not funnelled via the USB chip.)

=== Special-purpose features ===
The RPi Zero, RPi1A, RPi3A+<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=1400270#p1400270|title=USB Gadget mode on new 3 A+? – Raspberry Pi Forums|website=www.raspberrypi.org}}</ref> and RPi4 can be used as a USB device or "USB gadget", plugged into another computer via a USB port on another machine. It can be configured in multiple ways, such as functioning as a [[Serial port|serial]] or Ethernet device.<ref name="adafruitgadget">{{cite web|url=https://learn.adafruit.com/turning-your-raspberry-pi-zero-into-a-usb-gadget/overview|title=Turning your Raspberry PI Zero into a USB Gadget|website=Adafruit Learning System}}</ref> Although originally requiring software patches, this was added into the mainline Raspbian distribution in May 2016.<ref name="adafruitgadget"/>

Raspberry Pi models with a newer [[Engineering:Chipset|chipset]] can boot from USB mass storage, such as from a flash drive. Booting from USB mass storage is not available in the original Raspberry Pi models, the Raspberry Pi Zero, the Raspberry Pi Pico, the Raspberry Pi 2 A models, and the Raspberry Pi 2 B models with versions lower than 1.2.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bootmodes/msd.md|title=USB mass storage device boot – Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=raspberrypi.org}}</ref>

=== Peripherals ===
[[File:Raspberry-Pi-2-Bare-FL.jpg|thumb|right|The Model 2B boards incorporate four USB ports for connecting peripherals]]
Although often pre-configured to operate as a [[Headless computer|headless computer]], the Raspberry Pi may also optionally be operated with any generic USB computer keyboard and [[Computer mouse|mouse]].<ref name="VerifiedPeripheralList"/> It may also be used with USB storage, USB to MIDI converters, and virtually any other device/component with USB capabilities, depending on the installed device drivers in the underlying operating system (many of which are included by default).

Other peripherals can be attached through the various pins and connectors on the surface of the Raspberry Pi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/gpio/README.md|title=GPIO – Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=raspberrypi.org|access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref>

=== Video ===
[[File:Raspberry Pi - Model A.jpg|thumb|An early Raspberry Pi 1 Model A, with an HDMI port and a standard RCA composite video port for older displays]]
The video controller can generate standard modern TV resolutions, such as HD and Full HD, and higher or lower monitor resolutions as well as older NTSC or PAL standard [[Engineering:Cathode-ray tube|CRT]] TV resolutions. As shipped (i.e., without custom overclocking) it can support the following resolutions: 640×350 [[Enhanced Graphics Adapter|EGA]]; 640×480 [[Video Graphics Array|VGA]]; 800×600 [[Super video graphics array|SVGA]]; 1024×768 XGA; 1280×720 [[Engineering:720p|720p]] [[Engineering:High-definition television#High-definition display resolutions|HDTV]]; 1280×768 WXGA variant; 1280×800 WXGA variant; 1280×1024 SXGA; 1366×768 WXGA variant; 1400×1050 SXGA+; 1600×1200 UXGA; 1680×1050 WXGA+; 1920×1080 [[Engineering:1080p|1080p]] [[Engineering:High-definition television#High-definition display resolutions|HDTV]]; 1920×1200 WUXGA.<ref name="video">{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/RPi_config.txt |title=Raspberry Pi, supported video resolutions |publisher=eLinux.org |date=30 November 2012 |access-date=11 December 2012}}</ref>

Higher resolutions, up to 2048×1152, may work<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/2144 |title=Pi Screen limited to 1920 by RISC OS:- |work=RISC OS Open |quote=2048 × 1152 monitor is the highest resolution the Pi's GPU can handle [presumably with non-low frame-rate ..] The monitors screen info confirms the GPU is outputting 2048×1152 |access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/2653|title=RISC OS Open: Forum: Latest Pi firmware?|website=riscosopen.org}}</ref> or even 3840×2160 at 15&nbsp;Hz (too low a frame rate for convincing video).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=38&t=79330 |title=Raspberry Pi and 4k @ 15Hz |quote=I have managed to get 3840 x 2160 (4k x 2k) at 15Hz on a Seiki E50UY04 working |access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref> Allowing the highest resolutions does not imply that the GPU can decode video formats at these resolutions; in fact, the Raspberry Pis are known to not work reliably for H.265 (at those high resolutions),<ref>{{cite web |last1=Aufranc |first1=Jean-Luc |title=Raspberry Pi 4 Benchmarks & Mini Review |url=https://www.cnx-software.com/2019/06/24/raspberry-pi-4-benchmarks-mini-review/#4k-video-playback-and-output |website=www.cnx-software.com |date=24 June 2019 |access-date=2 January 2021}}</ref> commonly used for very high resolutions (however, most common formats up to Full HD do work).

Although the Raspberry Pi 3 does not have H.265 decoding hardware, the CPU is more powerful than its predecessors, potentially fast enough to allow the decoding of H.265-encoded videos in software.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://osmc.tv/2016/02/raspberry-pi-3-announced-with-osmc-support/ |title=Raspberry Pi 3 announced with OSMC support |date=28 February 2016}}</ref> The GPU in the Raspberry Pi 3 runs at higher clock frequencies of 300&nbsp;MHz or 400&nbsp;MHz, compared to previous versions which ran at 250&nbsp;MHz.<ref>[https://docs-europe.electrocomponents.com/webdocs/14ba/0900766b814ba5fd.pdfCategory:All articles with bare URLs for citations]{{Dead link|date=June 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

The Raspberry Pis can also generate [[576i|576i]] and [[Engineering:480i|480i]] [[Composite video|composite video]] signals, as used on old-style (CRT) TV screens and less-expensive monitors through standard connectors{{snd}}either RCA or 3.5&nbsp;mm phono connector depending on model. The television signal standards supported are [[Engineering:PAL#PAL-B/G/D/K/I|PAL-B/G/H/I/D]], [[PAL-M]], PAL-N, [[Engineering:NTSC|NTSC]] and [[Engineering:NTSC-J|NTSC-J]].<ref name="composite">{{cite web |last=Ozolins |first=Jason |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/pictures-of-screen-displaying-example-of-rpi-composite-output?value=480i&type=1&include=2&search=1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130113113342/https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/pictures-of-screen-displaying-example-of-rpi-composite-output?value=480i&type=1&include=2&search=1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 January 2013 |title=examples of Raspberry Pi composite output |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |access-date=22 June 2012 }}</ref>

=== Real-time clock ===
When booting, the time defaults to being set over the network using the [[Network Time Protocol]] (NTP). The source of time information can be another computer on the local network that ''does'' have a real-time clock, or to a NTP server on the internet. If no network connection is available, the time may be set manually or configured to assume that no time passed during the shutdown. In the latter case, the time is monotonic (files saved later in time always have later timestamps) but may be considerably earlier than the actual time. For systems that require a built-in real-time clock, a number of small, low-cost add-on boards with real-time clocks are available.<ref name="Raspberry Pi Geek Magazine July 2014">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberry-pi-geek.com/Archive/2014/07/Connecting-your-Raspberry-Pi-with-a-real-time-clock |title=Keeping Time |last=Shovic |first=John |date=July 2014 |website=Raspberry Pi Geek Magazine  |access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="Raspberry Pi Geek Magazine August 2014">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberry-pi-geek.com/Archive/2014/08/Comparison-of-four-real-time-clocks |title=In Time |last=Shovic |first=John |date=August 2014 |website=Raspberry Pi Geek Magazine  |access-date=30 July 2020}}</ref>

The RP2040 microcontroller has a built-in [[Engineering:Real-time clock|real-time clock]] but this can not be set automatically without some form of user entry or network facility being added.

== Connectors ==
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}

=== Pi Pico ===
<gallery widths="310px" heights="210px">
File:RaspberryPi Pico.svg|thumb|Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi Pico
</gallery>

=== Pi Compute Module ===
<gallery widths="310px" heights="210px">
File:RaspberryPi Compute Module 4 lite.svg|thumb|Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 Lite
</gallery>

{{col-break}}

=== Pi Zero ===
<gallery widths="310px" heights="210px">
File:Raspberry Pi Zero - Location of connectors and ICs.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W
</gallery>

=== Model A ===
<gallery widths="310px" heights="210px">
File:Raspberry_Pi_1A.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi 1 Model A
File:Drawing of Raspberry Pi model A+ rev1.1.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi 1 Model A+ revision 1.1
</gallery>

{{col-break}}

=== Model B ===
<gallery widths="310px" heights="210px">
File:Drawing of Raspberry Pi model B rev2.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi 1 Model B revision 1.2
File:Raspberry Pi B+ rev 1.2.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi 1 Model B+ revision 1.2 and Raspberry Pi 2
File:RaspberryPi_3B.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi 3
File:RaspberryPi_3B%2B.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi 3+
File:RaspberryPi Model 4B.svg | Location of connectors and main ICs on Raspberry Pi 4
</gallery>

{{col-end}}
</div>

=== J8 header and general purpose input-output (GPIO) ===
Raspberry Pi 1 Models A+ and B+, Pi 2 Model B, Pi 3 Models  A+, B and B+, Pi 4, and Pi Zero, Zero W, Zero WH and Zero W 2 have the same 40-pin pinout called ''J8 header''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi B+ (Reduced Schematics) 1.2|first=James|last=Adams|date=28 July 2014|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-B-Plus-V1.2-Schematics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729181059/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-B-Plus-V1.2-Schematics.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model B (Reduced Schematics) 1.2|first=James|last=Adams|website=[[GitHub]]|date=4 April 2016|url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/documentation/blob/master/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/rpi_SCH_3b_1p2_reduced.pdf}}</ref> Raspberry Pi 1 Models A and B have only the first 26 pins.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Rev 1.0 Model AB schematics|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-1.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825202435/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-1.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf|archive-date=25 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825202711/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.0-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf|title=Raspberry Pi Rev 2.0 Model AB schematics |archive-date=25 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.1-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf|title=Raspberry Pi Rev 2.1 Model AB schematics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825202811/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.1-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2014}}</ref> The J8 header is commonly referred to as GPIO connector as a whole even though only a subset of the pins are GPIO pins. In the Pi Zero and Zero W, the 40 GPIO pins are unpopulated, having the through-holes exposed for soldering instead. The Zero WH (Wireless + Header) has the header pins preinstalled.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! GPIO#
! 2nd func.
! Pin#
!
! Pin#
! 2nd func.
! GPIO#
|-
|
| +3.3 V
| style="background:orange"| 1
|rowspan=13|
| style="background:red"| 2
| +5 V
|
|-
| 2
| SDA1 (I<sup>2</sup>C)
| style="background:cyan"| 3
| style="background:red"| 4
| +5 V
|
|-
| 3
| SCL1 (I<sup>2</sup>C)
| style="background:cyan"| 5
| style="background:black; color:white"| 6
| GND
|
|-
| 4
| GCLK
| style="background:green"| 7
| style="background:#00FF80"| 8
| TXD0 (UART)
| 14
|-
|
| GND
| style="background:black; color:white"| 9
| style="background:#00FF80"| 10
| RXD0 (UART)
| 15
|-
| 17
| GEN0
| style="background:green"| 11
| style="background:green"| 12
| GEN1
| 18
|-
| 27
| GEN2
| style="background:green"| 13
| style="background:black; color:white"| 14
| GND
|
|-
| 22
| GEN3
| style="background:green"| 15
| style="background:green"| 16
| GEN4
| 23
|-
|
| +3.3 V
| style="background:orange"| 17
| style="background:green"| 18
| GEN5
| 24
|-
| 10
| MOSI (SPI)
| style="background:#f0f;"| 19
| style="background:black; color:white"| 20
| GND
|
|-
| 9
| MISO (SPI)
| style="background:#f0f;"| 21
| style="background:green"| 22
| GEN6
| 25
|-
| 11
| SCLK (SPI)
| style="background:#f0f;"| 23
| style="background:#f0f;"| 24
| CE0_N (SPI)
| 8
|-
|
| GND
| style="background:black; color:white"| 25
| style="background:#f0f;"| 26
| CE1_N (SPI)
| 7
|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="7"| ''(Pi 1 Models A and B stop here)''
|-
| 0
| ID_SD (I<sup>2</sup>C)
| style="background:yellow"| 27
|rowspan=7|
| style="background:yellow"| 28
| ID_SC (I<sup>2</sup>C)
| 1
|-
| 5
| N/A
| style="background:green"| 29
| style="background:black; color:white"| 30
| GND
|
|-
| 6
| N/A
| style="background:green"| 31
| style="background:green"| 32
| N/A
| 12
|-
| 13
| N/A
| style="background:green"| 33
| style="background:black; color:white"| 34
| GND
|
|-
| 19
| N/A
| style="background:green"| 35
| style="background:green"| 36
| N/A
| 16
|-
| 26
| N/A
| style="background:green"| 37
| style="background:green"| 38
| Digital IN
| 20
|-
|
| GND
| style="background:black; color:white"| 39
| style="background:green"| 40
| Digital OUT
| 21
|}

Model B rev. 2 also has a pad (called P5 on the board and P6 on the schematics) of 8 pins offering access to an additional 4 GPIO connections.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi Rev 1.0 Model AB schematics|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.1-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825202811/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/schematics/Raspberry-Pi-Rev-2.1-Model-AB-Schematics.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2014}}</ref> These GPIO pins were freed when the four board version identification links present in revision 1.0 were removed.<ref>{{cite web |first1=Eben |last1=Upton |title=Upcoming board revision |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/upcoming-board-revision/ |access-date=2 June 2019 |date=5 September 2012}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! GPIO#
! 2nd func.
! Pin#
!
! Pin#
! 2nd func.
! GPIO#
|-
|
| +5 V
| style="background:red"| 1
|rowspan=4|
| style="background:orange"| 2
| +3.3 V
|
|-
| 28
| GPIO_GEN7
| style="background:green"| 3
| style="background:green"| 4
| GPIO_GEN8
| 29
|-
| 30
| GPIO_GEN9
| style="background:green"| 5
| style="background:green"| 6
| GPIO_GEN10
| 31
|-
|
| GND
| style="background:black; color:white"| 7
| style="background:black; color:white"| 8
| GND
|
|}

Models A and B provide GPIO access to the ACT status LED using GPIO 16. Models A+ and B+ provide GPIO access to the ACT status LED using GPIO 47, and the power status LED using GPIO 35.

==Specifications==
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; text-align: center;" <!-- This table should be as short and simple as possible -->
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | Version
! colspan="2" | Pico
! colspan="3" scope="col" | Model A (no Ethernet)
! colspan="7" scope="col" | Model B (with Ethernet)
! colspan="7" scope="col" | Compute Module{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
! colspan="4" scope="col" | Zero
! scope="col" | Keyboard
|-
!Raspberry Pi Pico
!Raspberry Pi Pico W
! scope="col" | RPi 1 Model A
! scope="col" | RPi 1 Model A+
! scope="col" | RPi 3 Model A+
! scope="col" | RPi 1 Model B
! scope="col" | RPi 1 Model B+
! scope="col" | RPi 2 Model B
! scope="col" | RPi 2 Model B v1.2
! scope="col" | RPi 3 Model B
! scope="col" | RPi 3 Model B+
! scope="col" | RPi 4 Model B
! scope="col" | Compute Module 1
! scope="col" | Compute Module 3
! scope="col" | Compute Module 3 Lite
! scope="col" | Compute Module 3+
! scope="col" | Compute Module 3+ Lite
! scope="col" | Compute Module 4
! scope="col" | Compute Module 4 Lite
! scope="col" | RPi Zero PCB v1.2
! scope="col" | RPi Zero PCB v1.3
! scope="col" | RPi Zero W
! scope="col" | RPi Zero 2 W
! scope="col" | RPi 400
|-
! scope="row" | Release date
| Jan 2021
| Jun 2022
| Feb 2013{{wbr}}<ref name="A-Announcement">{{cite web| url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/model-a-now-for-sale-in-europe-buy-one-today/ |title=Model A now for sale in Europe – buy one today! |date=4 February 2013 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=25 February 2017}}</ref>
| Nov 2014{{wbr}}<ref name="A-Plus-Announcement">{{cite web| url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/#raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-on-sale| title=Introducing Raspberry Pi Model A+ |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=10 November 2014}}</ref>
| Nov 2018
| Apr–Jun 2012
| Jul 2014{{wbr}}<ref name="B-Plus-Announcement">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-raspberry-pi-model-b-plus/ |title=Introducing Raspberry Pi Model B+ |date=14 July 2014 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=14 July 2014 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714173900/http://www.raspberrypi.org/introducing-raspberry-pi-model-b-plus/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| Feb 2015{{wbr}}<ref name="2-B-Announcement" />
| Oct 2016{{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.farnell.com/datasheets/2163186.pdf?_ga=1.9528053.1789915275.1482632652|format=PDF|title=Raspberry Pi2 Model B v1.2|website=Farnell.com|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref>
| Feb 2016{{wbr}}<ref name="Pi3OnSale" />
| 14 Mar 2018{{wbr}}<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release" />
| 24 June 2019{{wbr}}<ref name="ars4" /><br />28 May 2020 <small>(8GB)</small><ref name="EightGB" />
| Apr 2014{{wbr}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/04/raspberry-pi-gets-more-arduino-y-with-new-open-source-modular-hardware/|title=Raspberry Pi gets more Arduino-y with new open source modular hardware|work=Ars Technica|access-date=19 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="cm3">{{cite web|last1=Brodkin|first1=Jon|title=Raspberry Pi upgrades Compute Module with 10 times the CPU performance|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/01/raspberry-pi-upgrades-compute-module-with-10-times-the-cpu-performance/|access-date=16 January 2017|website=Ars Technica|date=16 January 2017}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | Jan 2017{{wbr}}<ref name="Compute3" />
| colspan="2" | Jan 2019{{wbr}}<ref name="CM3+-Announcement">{{cite web |last1=Adams |first1=James |title=Compute Module 3+ on sale now from $25 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/compute-module-3-on-sale-now-from-25/ |website=raspberrypi.org |date=28 January 2019 |access-date=29 January 2019}}</ref>
| colspan="2"| Oct 2020
| Nov 2015{{wbr}}<ref name="Zero-Announcement">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-zero/|title=Raspberry Pi Zero: the $5 Computer|date=26 November 2015|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=26 November 2015}}</ref>
| May 2016
| 28 Feb 2017
| 28 Oct 2021{{wbr}}<ref name="PiZero2WAnnouncement"/>
| 2 Nov 2020
|-
! scope="row" | Target price (USD)
| $4
| $6
| $25<ref name="A-Announcement" />
| $20<ref name="A-Plus-Announcement" />
| $25
| $35<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/9112841/Mini-Raspberry-Pi-computer-goes-on-sale-for-22.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/9112841/Mini-Raspberry-Pi-computer-goes-on-sale-for-22.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |location=London |work=The Daily Telegraph |first=Donna |last=Bowater |title=Mini Raspberry Pi computer goes on sale for £22 |date=29 February 2012}} </ref>
| $25<ref>{{cite web |url =https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/price-cut-raspberry-pi-model-b-now-only-25/|title=Price Cut! Raspberry Pi Model B+ Now Only $25|date=14 May 2015|first=Eben|last=Upton}}</ref>
| colspan="4" | $35
| $35/55/75{{wbr}}<ref name="ars4" /><ref name="TwoGBMin" /><ref name="EightGB" />
| $30 (in batches of 100)<ref name="CM-Announcement">{{cite web | url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/ | title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module: New Product! | publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation | access-date=22 September 2014 | archive-date=21 September 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>
| $30
| $25
| $30/35/40
| $25
| $30-$90 (in $5 increments)
| $25-$75 (in $5 increments)
| colspan="2" | $5<ref name="Zero-Announcement" />
| $10
| $15
| $70
|-
! scope="row" | Instruction set
| colspan="2" | Armv6-M
| colspan="2" | ARMv6Z (32-bit)
| ARMv8-A (64/32-bit)
| colspan="2" |ARMv6Z (32-bit)
| ARMv7-A (32-bit)
| colspan="4" | ARMv8-A (64/32-bit)
| ARMv6Z (32-bit)
| colspan="6" | ARMv8-A (64/32-bit)
| colspan="3" | ARMv6Z (32-bit)
| ARMv8-A (64/32-bit)
| ARMv8-A (64/32-bit)
|-
! scope="row" | [[System on a chip|SoC]]
| colspan="2" | Raspberry Pi RP2040
| colspan="2" | [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2835<!-- ([[Central processing unit|CPU]], [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]], [[Engineering:Digital signal processor|DSP]], SDRAM, one [[Engineering:USB|USB]] port)--><ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website">{{cite web|title=BCM2835 Media Processor; Broadcom |publisher=Broadcom.com |date=1 September 2011 |url=https://www.broadcom.com/products/BCM2835 |access-date=6 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513032855/https://www.broadcom.com/products/BCM2835}}</ref>
| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2837B0{{wbr}}<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release" /><!-- (CPU, GPU, DSP, SDRAM, one USB port)-->
| colspan="2" | [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2835<!-- ([[Central processing unit|CPU]], [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]], [[Engineering:Digital signal processor|DSP]], SDRAM, one [[Engineering:USB|USB]] port)--><ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website" />
| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2836<!-- ([[Central processing unit|CPU]], [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]], [[Engineering:Digital signal processor|DSP]], SDRAM, one [[Engineering:USB|USB]] port)-->
| colspan="2" | [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2837<!-- (CPU, GPU, DSP, SDRAM, one USB port)-->
| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2837B0{{wbr}}<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release" /><!-- (CPU, GPU, DSP, SDRAM, one USB port)-->
| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2711{{wbr}}<ref name="ars4" />
| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2835<!-- ([[Central processing unit|CPU]], [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]], [[Engineering:Digital signal processor|DSP]], SDRAM, one [[Engineering:USB|USB]] port)<ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website" />--><ref name="CM-Announcement" />
| colspan="2" | [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2837<!-- (CPU, GPU, DSP, SDRAM, one USB port)-->
| colspan="2" | [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2837B0
| colspan="2"| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2711
| colspan="3" | [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2835
| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2710A1
| [[Company:Broadcom|Broadcom]] BCM2711C0
|-
! scope="row" | [[Floating-point unit|FPU]]
| colspan="2" | None
| colspan="2" | VFPv2; NEON not supported
| VFPv4 + NEON
| colspan="2" | VFPv2; NEON not supported
| colspan="5" | VFPv4 + NEON
| VFPv2; NEON not supported
| colspan="6" | VFPv4 + NEON
| colspan="3" | VFPv2; NEON not supported
| VFPv4 + NEON
| VFPv4 + NEON
|-
! scope="row" | [[Central processing unit|CPU]]
| colspan="2" | Dual-core Arm Cortex-M0+ 
| colspan="2" | 1× [[Engineering:ARM11|ARM11]]76JZF-S 700&nbsp;MHz
| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] 1.4&nbsp;GHz
| colspan="2" | 1× [[Engineering:ARM11|ARM11]]76JZF-S 700&nbsp;MHz
| 4× Cortex-A7 900&nbsp;MHz
| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] 900&nbsp;MHz
| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] 1.2&nbsp;GHz
| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] 1.4&nbsp;GHz
| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A72|Cortex-A72]] 1.5&nbsp;GHz or 1.8&nbsp;GHz<ref name="1.8Ghz">{{cite web |last1=Upton |first1=Eben |title=Bullseye bonus: 1.8GHz Raspberry Pi 4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/bullseye-bonus-1-8ghz-raspberry-pi-4/ |website=Raspberry Pi |access-date=14 November 2021 |date=9 November 2021}}</ref>
| 1× [[Engineering:ARM11|ARM11]]76JZF-S 700&nbsp;MHz
| colspan="4" | 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] 1.2&nbsp;GHz
| colspan="2"| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A72|Cortex-A72]] 1.5&nbsp;GHz
| colspan="3" | 1× [[Engineering:ARM11|ARM11]]76JZF-S 1&nbsp;GHz
| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A53|Cortex-A53]] 1&nbsp;GHz
| 4× [[Engineering:ARM Cortex-A72|Cortex-A72]] 1.8&nbsp;GHz
|-
! scope="row" | [[Graphics processing unit|GPU]]
| colspan="2" | None
| colspan="8" | Broadcom [[VideoCore]] IV @ 250&nbsp;MHz{{efn|group="specs"|name="GPU"}}
| [[Company:Broadcom Corporation|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] IV @ 400&nbsp;MHz (Core) / 300&nbsp;MHz (V3D) 
| [[Company:Broadcom Corporation|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] VI @ 500&nbsp;MHz<ref name="raspberrypi.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/raspberry-pi-4-specs-benchmarks/|title=Raspberry Pi 4 specs and benchmarks|date=24 June 2019|website=The MagPi Magazine|access-date=24 June 2019}}</ref>
| colspan="5" | Broadcom [[VideoCore]] IV @ 250&nbsp;MHz{{efn|group="specs"|name="GPU"}}
| colspan="2"| [[Company:Broadcom Corporation|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] VI @ 500&nbsp;MHz<ref name="raspberrypi.org"/>
| colspan="4" | Broadcom [[VideoCore]] IV @ 400&nbsp;MHz (Core) / 300&nbsp;MHz (V3D)
| [[Company:Broadcom Corporation|Broadcom]] [[VideoCore]] VI @ 500&nbsp;MHz
|-
! scope="row" | Memory (SDRAM)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/revision-codes/README.md|title=Raspberry Pi revision codes|date=28 May 2020|website=Raspberry Pi Documentation|access-date=4 June 2020}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 264 kB<!-- this one is actually in decimal kilobytes (kB = 1000 bytes), and it's slightly more than binary 256 KB, for some reason, or an error. -->
| 256 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 256 or 512 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}<br />Changed to 512 MB on 10 August 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.adafruit.com/product/2266|title=Raspberry Pi Modal A+ 512MB RAM|date=10 August 2016|website=Adafruit|access-date=31 May 2020}}</ref>
| 512 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 256 or 512 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}<br />Changed to 512 MB on 15 October 2012<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| 512 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| colspan="4" | 1 GB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 1, 2, 4 or 8 GB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 512 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| colspan="4" | 1 GB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| colspan="2"| 1, 2, 4 or 8 GB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| colspan="4" | 512 MB{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"}}
| 4 GB
|-
! scope="row" | USB 2.0 ports<ref name="VerifiedPeripheralList">{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/RaspberryPiBoardVerifiedPeripherals |title=Verified USB Peripherals and SDHC Cards; |publisher=Elinux.org |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref>
| colspan="2" rowspan="10" |None
| colspan="2" | 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}
| 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2837USB"}}
| 2{{efn|group="specs"|name="RPi1B_USB"}}<ref name="SMSC-LAN9512-Website">{{cite web |url=https://www.smsc.com/index.php?tid=300&pid=135 |title=SMSC LAN9512 Website; |publisher=Smsc.com |access-date=6 May 2012 |archive-date=10 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510001446/https://www.smsc.com/index.php?tid=300&pid=135 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| colspan="5" | 4{{efn|group="specs"|name="4 USB"}}<ref name="SMSC-LAN9514-specs">{{cite web |url=https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/9514.pdf |title=Microchip/SMSC LAN9514 data sheet; |publisher=Microchip |access-date=15 July 2014 |archive-date=12 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012180152/http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/9514.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=B-Plus-Announcement />
| 2<ref name="ars4">{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/06/faster-raspberry-pi-4-promises-desktop-class-performance/|title=The Raspberry Pi 4 brings faster CPU, up to 4 GB of RAM|last=Amadeo|first=Ron|date=24 June 2019|website=Ars Technica|access-date=24 June 2019}}</ref>
| 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| colspan="2" | 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| colspan="2" | 1{{efn|group="specs"|name="2837USB"}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| colspan="2" | 1
| colspan="4" | 1 Micro-USB{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}
| 1
|-
! scope="row" | USB 3.0 ports
| colspan="9" | 0
| 2<ref name="ars4" />
| colspan="11" | 0
|2
|-
! scope="row" | USB OTG ports
| colspan="9" | 0
| 1 (Power {{nowrap|USB-C}}){{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=243966|title=Very simple OTG on pi4 – Raspberry Pi Forums|website=www.raspberrypi.org}}</ref>
| colspan="5" | 0
| colspan="2" | ?
| colspan="4" | 1 Micro-USB{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"}}
| 0
|-
! scope="row" | PCIe interface
| colspan="15" | 0
| colspan="2" | PCIe Gen 2 x1
| colspan="4" | 0
| 0
|-
! scope="row" | Video input
| colspan="10" | 15-pin MIPI [[Camera interface|camera interface]] ([[Camera Serial Interface|CSI]]) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera<ref>{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/File:Raspi-Model-AB-Mono-2-699x1024.png |title=diagram of Raspberry Pi with CSI camera connector |publisher=Elinux.org |date=2 March 2012 |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref>
| colspan="5" | 2× MIPI camera interface (CSI){{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><ref name="CM-Schematic">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CM-V1_1-SCHEMATIC.pdf|title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module electrical schematic diagram|author=Adams, James|date=3 April 2014|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530033626/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CM-V1_1-SCHEMATIC.pdf|archive-date=30 May 2014|access-date=22 September 2014}}</ref><ref name="CM-IO-Board-Schematic">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CMIO-V1_2-SCHEMATIC.pdf |title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module IO Board electrical schematic diagram |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=3 April 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |author=Adams, James|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530033631/https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/computemodule/RPI-CMIO-V1_2-SCHEMATIC.pdf|archive-date=30 May 2014}}</ref>
| colspan="2"|2-lane MIPI CSI camera interface, 4-lane MIPI CSI camera interface
| None
| colspan="3" | MIPI camera interface (CSI)<ref name="zero-camera">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/zero-grows-camera-connector/|title=zero grows camera connector|date=16 May 2016|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=17 May 2016|author=Upton, Eben}}</ref>
| None
|-
! scope="row" | [[Engineering:HDMI|HDMI]]
| colspan="9" | 1× [[Engineering:HDMI|HDMI]] (rev 1.3)
| 2× [[Engineering:HDMI|HDMI]] (rev 2.0) via Micro-HDMI<ref name="TechRepublicPi4">{{cite web |url=https://www.techrepublic.com/article/raspberry-pi-4-model-b-review-this-board-really-can-replace-your-pc/ |title=Raspberry Pi 4 Model B review: This board really can replace your PC|author=Nick Heath |website=TechRepublic|access-date=24 June 2019 |date=23 June 2019}}</ref>
| colspan="5" | 1× HDMI{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| colspan="2" | 2x HDMI 
| colspan="4" | 1× Mini-HDMI
| 2× [[Engineering:HDMI|HDMI]] (rev 2.0) via Micro-HDMI
|-
! scope="row" | [[Composite video]]
| via RCA jack
| colspan="2" | via 3.5&nbsp;mm CTIA style [[Engineering:Phone connector (audio)|TRRS jack]]
| via RCA jack
| colspan="6" | via 3.5&nbsp;mm CTIA style [[Engineering:Phone connector (audio)|TRRS jack]]
| colspan="5" | Yes{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Schematic" /><ref name="CM-Announcement-Comment-James-Adams-composite-video">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509472|title=Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement|author=Adams, James|date=7 April 2014|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=22 September 2014|archive-date=21 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509472|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| colspan="2" |?
| colspan="4" | via marked points on PCB for optional header pins<ref>{{cite web|url=https://learn.pi-supply.com/pi-zero-the-new-raspberry-pi-board/?v=c86ee0d9d7ed|title=Pi Zero – The New Raspberry Pi Board • Pi Supply|work=Pi Supply|date=26 November 2015}}</ref>
|?
|-
! scope="row" | MIPI display interface ([[Display Serial Interface|DSI]]){{efn|group="specs"|for raw LCD panels}}
| colspan="10" | Yes
| colspan="5" | Yes{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><ref name="CM-IO-Board-Schematic" /><ref name="DSI">{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/Rpi_Screens|title=Raspberry Pi Wiki, section screens|publisher=Elinux.org|access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/File:Raspi-Model-AB-Mono-2-699x1024.png|title=diagram of Raspberry Pi with DSI LCD connector|publisher=Elinux.org|access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | Yes
| colspan="4" | No
|?
|-
! scope="row" | Audio inputs
| colspan="21" | As of revision 2 boards via [[I²S]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=8496|title=I2S driver development thread|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|?
|-
! scope="row" | Audio outputs
| colspan="10" | Analog via [[Engineering:Phone connector (audio)|3.5 mm phone jack]]; digital via HDMI and, as of revision 2 boards, [[I²S]]
| colspan="5" | Analog, HDMI, [[I²S]]{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="4" | Mini-HDMI, stereo audio through PWM on GPIO
| Micro-HDMI
|-
! scope="row" | On-board storage<ref name="VerifiedPeripheralList" />
| colspan="2" | 2&nbsp;MB Flash memory
| [[Secure Digital|SD]], MMC, SDIO card slot (3.3 [[Volt|V]] with card power only)
| colspan="2" | MicroSDHC slot<ref name=B-Plus-Announcement />
| [[Secure Digital|SD]], MMC, SDIO card slot
| colspan="2" | MicroSDHC slot
| colspan="4" |MicroSDHC slot, USB Boot Mode<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberrypi/bootmodes/msd.md|title=How to boot from a USB Mass Storage Device on a Raspberry Pi 3 |publisher= Raspberry Pi Documentation}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 4 GB eMMC [[Flash memory|flash memory]] chip<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><!-- may or may not support external SD cards with configuration changes-->
| MicroSDHC slot
| 8/16/32 GB eMMC [[Flash memory|flash memory]] chip<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><!-- may or may not support external SD cards with configuration changes-->
|MicroSDHC slot
| 8/16/32 GB eMMC [[Flash memory|flash memory]] chip<ref name="CM-Announcement" /><!-- may or may not support external SD cards with configuration changes-->
| MicroSDHC slot
| colspan="4" |MicroSDHC slot
|MicroSDHC slot
|-
! scope="row" | [[Ethernet]] (8P8C)<ref name="VerifiedPeripheralList" />
| colspan="2" | None
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | None<ref name="netconsole">{{cite web |url=https://www.elinux.org/How_to_use_an_Android_tablet_as_a_Raspberry_Pi_console_terminal_and_internet_router |title=Use an Android tablet as a Raspberry Pi Console terminal and Internet router |publisher=Elinux.org |access-date=2 October 2015}}</ref>
| None
| colspan="4" | 10/100 Mbit/s<br />USB adapter on the USB hub<ref name="SMSC-LAN9512-Website" />
| 10/100 Mbit/s
| 10/100/1000 Mbit/s (real max speed 300 Mbit/s)<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 March 2018|title=Raspberry Pi 3B+ Specs and Benchmarks – The MagPi Magazine|work=The MagPi Magazine|url=https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/articles/raspberry-pi-3bplus-specs-benchmarks|access-date=17 August 2018}}</ref>
| 10/100/1000 Mbit/s<ref name="ars4" />
| colspan="5" rowspan="3" | None
| colspan="2" | 10/100/1000 Mbit/s
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | None 
| colspan="2" | None
| 10/100/1000 Mbit/s
|-
! scope="row" | WiFi IEEE 802.11 wireless
! None
!'''b/g/n single band 2.4 GHz'''
| b/g/n/ac dual band 2.4/5&nbsp;GHz
| colspan="4" rowspan="2" | None
| b/g/n single band 2.4&nbsp;GHz
| colspan="2" | b/g/n/ac dual band 2.4/5&nbsp;GHz
| colspan="2" | b/g/n/ac dual band 2.4/5&nbsp;GHz (optional)
| colspan="2" | b/g/n single band 2.4&nbsp;GHz
| b/g/n/ac dual band 2.4/5&nbsp;GHz
|-
! scope="row" | Bluetooth
! None
! 5.2 '''B'''LE
| 4.2 BLE
| 4.1 BLE
| 4.2 LS BLE
| 5.0<ref name="ars4" />
| colspan="2" | 5.0, BLE (optional)
| 4.1 BLE
| 4.2 BLE
| 5.0
|-
! scope="row" | Low-level peripherals
| colspan="2" | UART
| 8× GPIO<ref>More GPIOs can be used if the low level peripherals are unused</ref> plus the following, which can also be used as GPIO: UART, [[I²C]] bus, SPI bus with two [[Engineering:Chip select|chip select]]s, [[I²S]] audio<ref>Since the release of the revision 2 model</ref> +3.3 V, +5 V, ground<ref name="hq-qa" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://elinux.org/RPi_Low-level_peripherals |title=Raspberry Pi GPIO Connector; |publisher=Elinux.org |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 17× GPIO plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus
| 8× GPIO plus the following, which can also be used as GPIO: UART, [[I²C]] bus, SPI bus with two [[Engineering:Chip select|chip select]]s, [[I²S]] audio +3.3 V, +5 V, ground.
| colspan="5" | 17× GPIO plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus
| 17× GPIO plus the same specific functions, HAT, and an additional 4× UART, 4× SPI, and 4× I2C connectors.{{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.hackster.io/meet-the-new-raspberry-pi-4-model-b-9b4698c284|title=Meet the New Raspberry Pi 4, Model B|last=Allan|first=Alasdair |date=24 June 2019|website=Hackster Blog|access-date=30 June 2019}}</ref>
| colspan="5" | 46× GPIO, some of which can be used for specific functions including [[I²C]], SPI, UART, [[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]], [[Pulse-width modulation|PWM]]{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}<ref name="CM-Announcement-Comment-James-Adams-GPIO">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509549 |title=Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=7 April 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |author=Adams, James |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509549 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 28 × GPIO supporting either 1.8v or 3.3v signalling and peripheral options
| colspan="4" | 17× GPIO plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus<ref name="Zero-Announcement" />
|?
|-
! scope="row" | Power ratings
|?
|?
| 300 mA (1.5 W)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/260 |title=Power supply confirmed as 5V micro USB |date=20 October 2011 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |access-date=25 July 2012 |archive-date=1 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401182243/https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/260 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 200 mA (1 W)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspi.today/raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-out-now/|title=Features|last=raspi.today|publisher=Raspberry Pi Today|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727005908/https://www.raspi.today/raspberry-pi-model-a-plus-out-now/|archive-date=27 July 2015}}</ref>
|?
| 700 mA (3.5 W)
| 200 mA (1 W) average when idle, 350 mA (1.75 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard and mouse connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ">{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/help/faqs/#pi-power|title=Raspberry Pi FAQs – Frequently Asked Questions|work=Raspberry Pi|access-date=30 June 2019}}</ref>
| colspan="2" | 220 mA (1.1 W) average when idle, 820 mA (4.1 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard and mouse connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" />
| 300 mA (1.5 W) average when idle, 1.34 A (6.7 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard, mouse and WiFi connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" />
| 459 mA (2.295 W) average when idle, 1.13 A (5.661 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard, mouse and WiFi connected){{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Raspberry-Pi-Benchmarks-Power-Draw.jpg |title=Power Draw |access-date=14 March 2018 |archive-date=15 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134309/https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Raspberry-Pi-Benchmarks-Power-Draw.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| 600 mA (3 W) average when idle, 1.25 A (6.25 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard, mouse and Ethernet connected),{{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" /> 3 A (15 W) power supply recommended.{{wbr}}<ref name="Pi4OnSale" />
| 200 mA (1 W)
| colspan="2" | 700 mA (3.5 W)
|?
|?
| colspan="2" | ?
| colspan="3" | 100 mA (0.5 W) average when idle, 350 mA (1.75 W) maximum under stress (monitor, keyboard and mouse connected){{wbr}}<ref name="PowerFAQ" />
|?
|?
|-
! scope="row" | Power source
| colspan="2" | MicroUSB or GPIO Header 1.8 V to 5 V
| colspan="7" | 5 V via MicroUSB or GPIO header
| colspan="2" | 5 V via MicroUSB, GPIO header, or [[Power over Ethernet|PoE]] (with the PoE HAT)
| 5 V via {{nowrap|USB-C}}, GPIO header, or [[Power over Ethernet|PoE]] (with the PoE HAT)
| colspan="5" | 2.5–5 V, 3.3 V, 2.5–3.3 V, and 1.8 V{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
| colspan="2" | 5 V
| colspan="4" | 5 V via MicroUSB or GPIO header
|?
|-
! scope="row" | Size
| colspan="2" |51 x 21mm
| {{cvt|85.6|x|56.5|mm|disp=br()}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="size con"}}
| {{cvt|65|x|56.5|x|10|mm|disp=br()}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="size hat"}}
| {{cvt|65|x|56.5|mm|disp=br()}}
| colspan="4"| {{cvt|85.60|x|56.5|mm|disp=br()}}{{efn|group="specs"|name="size con"}}
| colspan="3"| {{cvt|85.60|x|56.5|x|17|mm|disp=br()}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://socialcompare.com/en/review/raspberry-pi-3 |title=Raspberry Pi 3 |website=SocialCompare}}</ref>
| {{cvt|67.6|x|30|mm|disp=br()}}
| colspan="4" | {{cvt|67.6|x|31|mm|disp=br()}}
| colspan="2" | 55&nbsp;mm × 40&nbsp;mm
| colspan="4" | {{cvt|65|x|30|x|5|mm|disp=br()}}
| 286&nbsp;mm × 113&nbsp;mm × 23&nbsp;mm
|-
! scope="row" | Weight
|?
|?
| {{cvt|31|g|disp=br()}}
| {{cvt|23|g|disp=br()}}
|
| colspan="6" | {{cvt|45|g|disp=br()}}
| {{cvt|46|g|disp=br()}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/raspberry-pi-4-b,6193.html|title=Raspberry Pi 4 Review: The New Gold Standard for Single-Board Computing|last1=Piltch|first1=Avram|last2=Halfacree 2019-11-14T19:43:44Z|first2=Gareth|website=Tom's Hardware|access-date=23 December 2019}}</ref>
| colspan="3" | {{cvt|7|g|disp=br()}}<ref name="CM-Announcement-Comment-James-Adams-Weight">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509481 |title=Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=7 April 2014 |access-date=22 September 2014 |author=Adams, James |archive-date=21 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921063749/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-compute-module-new-product/#comment-509481 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
|
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="3" | {{cvt|9|g|disp=br()}}<ref name="MagPi-Issue40-PiZeroReleaseArticle">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi-issues/MagPi40.pdf |title=MagPi, issue 40, Raspberry Pi Zero release article |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=26 November 2015 |access-date=26 November 2015}}</ref>
|{{cvt|10.8|g|disp=br()}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | Console
| ?
| ?
| colspan="19" | Adding a USB network interface via tethering<ref name="netconsole" /> or a serial cable with optional GPIO power connector<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.elinux.org/RPi_Serial_Connection |title=Raspberry Pi USB Serial Connection and power supply |publisher=Elinux.org |access-date=2 October 2015}}</ref>
| ?
| ?
| ?
|-
! scope="row" | Generation
| ?
| ?
| 1
| 1+
| 3+
| 1
| 1+
| 2
| 2 ver 1.2
| 3
| 3+
| 4
| 1
| 3
| 3 Lite
| 3+
| 3+ Lite
| 4
| 4 Lite
| PCB ver 1.2
| PCB ver 1.3
| W (wireless)
| 2 W (wireless)
| 4
|-
! scope="row" | Obsolescence<br />Statement
| ?
| {{NA}}
| in production until at least January 2026
| in production until at least January 2026
| {{NA}}
| in production until at least January 2026
| N/A, or see PCB ver 1.2
| in production until at least January 2026
| in production until at least January 2026{{wbr}}<ref name="RPi3-ModelB-obsolescence">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-3-model-b/ |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=26 May 2020}}</ref>
| in production until at least January 2026
| in production until at least January 2026
| in production until at least January 2026
| in production until at least January 2026
| in production until at least January 2026
| colspan="2" | in production until at least January 2026
| colspan="2" | in production until at least January 2028
| N/A, or see PCB ver 1.3
| in production until at least January 2026{{wbr}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-zero/ |title=Buy a Raspberry Pi Zero |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref>
| in production until at least January 2026
| in production until at least January 2028
| in production until at least January 2026
| ?
|-
! scope="row" | Type
! colspan="2" |Pico
! colspan="3" scope="col" | Model A (no Ethernet)
! colspan="7" scope="col" | Model B (with Ethernet)
! colspan="7" scope="col" | Compute Module{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"}}
! colspan="4" scope="col" | Zero
! Keyboard
|}
</div>
{{notelist|group="specs"|refs=
{{efn|group="specs"|name="GPU"|BCM2837: 3D part of GPU at 300 MHz, video part of GPU at 400 MHz,<ref name="hq-qa">{{cite web|title=Q&A with our hardware team |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/2011/09/qa-with-our-hardware-team/ |access-date=20 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924064435/https://www.raspberrypi.org/2011/09/qa-with-our-hardware-team/ |archive-date=24 September 2011 }}</ref><ref name="HalfacreeModelB">{{cite web|last=Halfacree|first=Gareth|title=Raspberry Pi review |quote=The Model B|url=https://www.bit-tech.net/hardware/pcs/2012/04/16/raspberry-pi-review/2|work=bit-tech.net|publisher=Dennis Publishing Limited|access-date=10 June 2013}}</ref> OpenGL ES 2.0 (BCM2835, BCM2836: 24 G[[FLOPS]] / BCM2837: 28.8 GFLOPS). [[MPEG-2]] and [[VC-1]] (with licence),<ref name="rpi-codec" /> [[Engineering:1080p|1080p]]30 H.264/MPEG-4 AVC high-profile decoder and encoder<ref name="Broadcom-BCM2835-Website" /> (BCM2837: 1080p60)}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="shared"|Shared with GPU}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="2835USB"|Direct from the BCM2835 chip}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="2837USB"|Direct from the BCM2837B0 chip}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="RPi1B_USB"|via on-board 3-port USB hub; one USB port internally connected to the Ethernet port.}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="4 USB"|via on-board 5-port USB hub; one USB port internally connected to the Ethernet port.}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="CM IF"|200-pin DDR2 SO-DIMM interface till CM3+, }}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="size con"|Excluding protruding connectors}}
{{efn|group="specs"|name="size hat"|Same as HAT board.}}
}}

=== Simplified Model B changelog ===
<div style="max-width:100%; overflow:auto;">
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Model
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Gen
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Variant
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Year
! SoC
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Clockspeed
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Cores /<br />Threads
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | 64-bit
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | GFLOPS
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | RAM<br />(GB)
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Video<br />Output
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | 4K<br />Ready
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | USB
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Alt<br />Boot
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Ethernet<br />(Max. Gbit/s)
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Wi-Fi
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | BT
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | Power Source
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" | MSRP<br />(USD)
|-
| <div style="display:none;">1b1</div>RPi 1 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 1B
| style="text-align:center;" | (256 MB)
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">1b1</div>2012
| rowspan="3" | BCM2835
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 0.7&nbsp;GHz
| style="text-align:center;" | 1/1
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.213
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">00256 </div>0.25
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | HDMI<sub>1.3</sub><br />Composite
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;" |
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2 × USB<sub>2.0</sub>
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;" | 0.1
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;" | Micro-USB
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | $35
|-
| <div style="display:none;">1b2</div>RPi 1 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 1B
| style="text-align:center;" | (512 MB)
| style="text-align:center;" | 1/1
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.213
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">00512 </div>0.5
|-
| <div style="display:none;">1b3</div>RPi 1 Model B+
| style="text-align:center;" | 1B+
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">1b3</div>2014
| style="text-align:center;" | 1/1
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.213
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | 4 × USB<sub>2.0</sub>
| style="text-align:center;" | $25
|-
| <div style="display:none;">2b1</div>RPi 2 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 2B
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">2b1</div>2015
| BCM2836
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 0.9&nbsp;GHz
| rowspan="8" style="text-align:center;" | 4/4
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | 1.47
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">01024 </div>1
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | HDMI<sub>1.3</sub>
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | $35
|-
| <div style="display:none;">2b2</div>RPi 2 Model B v1.2
| style="text-align:center;" | 2B
| style="text-align:center;" | v1.2
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">2b2</div>2016
| rowspan="2" | BCM2837
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | 4.43
|-
| <div style="display:none;">3b1</div>RPi 3 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 3B
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | 1.2&nbsp;GHz
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | 3.62
| style="text-align:center;" | USB<br />Network<br />(through OTP bit setting)
| style="text-align:center;" | b/g/n<div style="font-size:.8em;">single-band<br />(2.4&nbsp;GHz only)</div>
| style="text-align:center;" | 4.1 BLE
|-
| <div style="display:none;">3b2</div>RPi 3 Model B+
| style="text-align:center;" | 3B+
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">3b2</div>2018
| BCM2837B0
| style="text-align:center;" | 1.4&nbsp;GHz
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | 5.3
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | USB<br />Network
| style="text-align:center;" | 0.35
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | b/g/n/ac<div style="font-size:.8em;">dual-band</div>
| style="text-align:center;" | 4.2 LS BLE
|-
| <div style="display:none;">4b1</div>RPi 4 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 4B
| style="text-align:center;" | (1 GB)
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">4b1</div>2019
| rowspan="4" | BCM2711
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 1.5&nbsp;GHz/1.8&nbsp;GHz
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | 9.92
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2 × Micro-HDMI<sub>2.0</sub>
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 2 × USB<sub>2.0</sub><br />2 × USB<sub>3.0</sub>
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 1.0
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | 5.0
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | USB-C
|-
| <div style="display:none;">4b2</div>RPi 4 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 4B
| style="text-align:center;" | (2 GB)
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">02048 </div>2
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | $35<div style="font-size:.8em;">from $45</div>
|-
| <div style="display:none;">4b3</div>RPi 4 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 4B
| style="text-align:center;" | (4 GB)
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | 13.5
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">04096 </div>4
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | $55
|-
| <div style="display:none;">4b4</div>RPi 4 Model B
| style="text-align:center;" | 4B
| style="text-align:center;" | (8 GB)
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">4b4</div>2020
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | 
| style="text-align:center;" | <div style="display:none;">08192 </div>8
| style="text-align:center;" | ✔
| style="text-align:center;" | $75
|}
</div>

== Software ==
=== Operating systems ===
[[File:Raspberry-Pi-2-Bare-Bottom.jpg|thumb|right|Various operating systems for the Raspberry Pi can be installed on a MicroSD or SD card, depending on the board and available adapters; seen here is the MicroSD slot located on the bottom of a Raspberry Pi 2 board.]]
The Raspberry Pi Foundation provides [[Software:Raspberry Pi OS|Raspberry Pi OS]] (formerly called Raspbian), a [[Software:Debian|Debian]]-based [[Software:Linux distribution|Linux distribution]] for download, as well as third-party [[Software:Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]], Windows 10 IoT Core, [[Software:RISC OS|RISC OS]], [[Software:LibreELEC|LibreELEC]] (specialised media centre distribution)<ref name="raspberrypi downloads">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads|title=Raspberry Pi downloads|access-date=12 August 2016}}</ref> and specialised distributions for the [[Software:Kodi|Kodi]] media centre and classroom management.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/|title=Raspberry Pi Downloads – Software for the Raspberry Pi|access-date=12 August 2016}}</ref> It promotes [[Python (programming language)|Python]] and [[Scratch (programming language)|Scratch]] as the main programming languages, with support for many other languages.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/|title=Usage – Raspberry Pi Documentation|website=raspberrypi.org|access-date=12 August 2016}}</ref> The default [[Firmware|firmware]]<!--have here, or with hardware paragraph..?--> is closed source, while unofficial [[Open source|open source]] is available.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://crna.cc/cat/research|title=Blobless Linux on Raspberry Pi (rpi-open-firmware).|access-date=20 July 2017|archive-date=16 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116015314/http://crna.cc/cat/research|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/christinaa/rpi-open-firmware|title=christinaa/rpi-open-firmware: Open source VPU side bootloader for Raspberry Pi.|website=[[GitHub]]|access-date=20 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnx-software.com/2016/05/16/preliminary-open-source-bootloader-for-raspberry-pi-boards-released/|title=Preliminary Open Source Bootloader for Raspberry Pi Boards Released|date=16 May 2016|access-date=20 July 2017}}</ref> Many other operating systems can also run on the Raspberry Pi. The formally verified microkernel seL4 is also supported.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://docs.sel4.systems/Hardware/|title=Supported Platforms|website=docs.sel4.systems|access-date=23 November 2018}}</ref> There are several ways of installing multiple operating systems on one SD card.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/how-to-install-multiple-oses-on-a-single-sd-card-for-raspberry-pi/|title=3 Ways to Boot Multiple OSes on a Raspberry Pi|access-date=2021-10-02|date=2013-02-17|first=Christian|last=Cawley|website=makeuseof.com}}</ref>
;Other operating systems (not Linux- nor BSD-based)
* Broadcom VCOS – Proprietary operating system which includes an abstraction layer designed to integrate with existing kernels, such as [[Software:ThreadX|ThreadX]] (which is used on the VideoCore4 processor), providing drivers and middleware for application development. In the case of the Raspberry Pi, this includes an application to start the ARM processor(s) and provide the publicly documented API over a mailbox interface, serving as its firmware. An incomplete source of a [[Software:Linux|Linux]] port of VCOS is available as part of the reference graphics driver published by Broadcom.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/588950/|title=Broadcom releases SoC graphics driver source [LWN.net]|website=lwn.net}}</ref>
* [[Software:Haiku (operating system)|Haiku]] – an open source [[Software:BeOS|BeOS]] clone that has been compiled for the Raspberry Pi and several other ARM boards.<ref name=haiku>{{cite web|title=Compiling Haiku for Arm|url=https://www.haiku-os.org/guides/building/compiling-arm|website=haiku-os.org|access-date=30 April 2015}}</ref> Work on Pi 1 began in 2011, but only the Pi 2 will be supported.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.haiku-os.org/guides/building/port_status/|title=Haiku port status|website=Haiku Project|access-date=27 June 2019}}</ref>
* [[Software:HelenOS|HelenOS]] – a portable microkernel-based multiserver operating system; has basic Raspberry Pi support since version 0.6.0<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.helenos.org/wiki/ReleaseNotes/0.6.0|title=ReleaseNotes/0.6.0 – HelenOS|website=helenos.org|access-date=12 February 2022|archive-date=27 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127211347/http://www.helenos.org/wiki/ReleaseNotes/0.6.0|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Software:Plan 9 from Bell Labs|Plan 9 from Bell Labs]]<ref>{{cite web |title=9pi |url=https://9fans.net/archive/2012/08/129 |publisher=9fans.net mail archive |first=Richard |last=Miller |date=18 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012180528/https://9fans.net/archive/2012/08/129 |archive-date=12 October 2014  }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/wednesday-grab-bag-3/ |title=Wednesday grab bag |at=See the "Plan 9" section |author=Liz |newspaper=Raspberry Pi |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=5 December 2012}}</ref> and [[Software:Inferno (operating system)|Inferno]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lynxline.com/inferno-raspberry-pi-image-beta1/|title=Inferno Raspberry Pi image – beta release (beta1)|website=lynxline.com|access-date=12 February 2022|archive-date=24 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224202321/http://lynxline.com/inferno-raspberry-pi-image-beta1/|url-status=dead}}</ref> (in beta)
* [[Software:RISC OS|RISC OS]] Pi (a special cut down version RISC OS Pico, for 16 MB cards and larger for all models of Pi 1 & 2, has also been made available.)
* Ultibo Core – OS-less unikerel Run Time Library based on [[Software:Free Pascal|Free Pascal]].  Lazarus IDE (Windows with 3rd party ports to Linux and MacOS). Most Pi models supported.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ultibo Core |url=https://ultibo.org/ |website=Ultibo.org}}</ref> 
* Windows 10 IoT Core – a zero-price edition of [[Software:Windows 10|Windows 10]] offered by Microsoft that runs natively on the Raspberry Pi 2.<ref name="golem.de Windows 10 auf RPi2 2015">{{cite news|last=Sauter|first=Marc|title=Internet der Dinger: Windows 10 läuft kostenlos auf dem Raspberry Pi 2|url=https://www.golem.de/news/internet-der-dinge-windows-10-laeuft-kostenlos-auf-dem-raspberry-pi-2-1502-112100.html |trans-title=Internet of Things: Windows 10 runs free on the Raspberry Pi 2 |language=de |access-date=8 February 2015|date=2 February 2015}}</ref>

;Other operating systems (Linux-based)
* [[Software:Alpine Linux|Alpine Linux]] – a [[Software:Linux distribution|Linux distribution]] based on [[Software:Musl|musl]] and [[Software:BusyBox|BusyBox]], "designed for power users who appreciate security, simplicity and resource efficiency".<ref>{{cite web|title=Alpine Linux about |url=https://alpinelinux.org/about/ |website=Alpinelinux.org |access-date=21 July 2021}}</ref>
* [[Software:Android Things|Android Things]] – an embedded version of the [[Software:Android (operating system)|Android]] operating system designed for [[Internet of things|IoT]] device development.
* [[Software:Arch Linux ARM|Arch Linux ARM]], a port of [[Software:Arch Linux|Arch Linux]] for [[ARM architecture|ARM]] processors, and Arch-based [[Software:Manjaro Linux|Manjaro Linux]] ARM
* Ark OS – designed for website and email self-hosting.
* Batocera – a [[Software:Buildroot|buildroot]] based Linux OS that uses Emulation Station as its frontend for [[Software:RetroArch|RetroArch]] and other emulators plus auxiliary scripts. Instead of a classic [[Software:Linux distribution|Linux distribution]] with package managers handling individual software updates, Batocera is crafted to behave more like a [[Engineering:Video game console|video game console]] firmware with all tools and emulators included and updated as a single package during software updates.<ref>{{cite web|title=Batocera|url=https://batocera.org/|access-date=2021-06-07|website=Batocera|language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Software:CentOS|CentOS]] for Raspberry Pi 2 and later
* [[Software:Devuan|Devuan]]
* [[Software:Emteria.OS|emteria.OS]] – an embedded, managed version of the [[Software:Android (operating system)|Android]] operating system for professional fleet management
* [[Software:Fedora (operating system)|Fedora]] (supports Pi 2 and later since Fedora 25, Pi 1 is supported by some unofficial derivatives) and [[Software:RedSleeve|RedSleeve]] (a RHEL port) for Raspberry Pi 1
* [[Software:Gentoo Linux|Gentoo Linux]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi – Gentoo Wiki|url=https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi|access-date=20 March 2016}}</ref>
* Kali Linux – a Debian-derived distro designed for digital forensics and penetration testing.
* OpenEuler – an Open source Linux OS.
* Linux Q83 – Raspberry Pi 4 Model B (arm64) 
* [[Organization:OpenSUSE|openSUSE]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.opensuse.org/HCL:Raspberry_Pi|title=HCL:Raspberry Pi – openSUSE Wiki|website=en.opensuse.org}}</ref> [[Software:SUSE Linux Enterprise|SUSE Linux Enterprise]] Server 12 SP2<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |url=https://www.suse.com/products/arm/|title=Linux Enterprise Server on Arm Systems & Raspberry Pi {{!}} SUSE|website=suse.com}}{{vn|date=May 2022|reason=Title does not match website and there is no mention of Raspberry on the webpage.}}</ref> and Server 12 SP3 (Commercial support)<ref name="auto1"/>
* [[Software:OpenWrt|OpenWrt]] – a highly extensible Linux distribution for embedded devices (typically wireless routers). It supports Pi 1, 2, 3, 4 and Zero W.<ref>{{cite web|title=OpenWrt Project: Raspberry Pi Foundation |website=openwrt.org |date=16 December 2016 |url=https://openwrt.org/toh/hwdata/raspberry_pi_foundation/start |access-date=23 April 2020}}</ref>
* [[Software:PostmarketOS|postmarketOS]] – distribution based on Alpine Linux, primarily developed for [[Engineering:Smartphone|smartphone]]s.
* RetroPie – an offshoot of Raspbian OS that uses Emulation Station as its frontend for [[Software:RetroArch|RetroArch]] and other emulators like [[Software:Mupen64Plus|Mupen64]] for retro gaming.<ref>{{cite web|title=RetroPie |website=RetroPie |url=https://retropie.org.uk/|access-date=2020-08-25}}</ref> Hardware like Freeplay tech can help replace Game boy internals with RetroPie emulation.<ref>{{cite web|author=Maker Retro|date=2021-10-05 |title=Freeplay GBA retropi, is it worth?|website=Platformer |url=https://platformer.me/gear/freeplay-gba-retropi-is-it-worth/|access-date=2021-10-05}}</ref>
* [[Software:Sailfish OS|Sailfish OS]] with Raspberry Pi 2 (due to use ARM Cortex-A7 CPU; Raspberry Pi 1 uses different ARMv6 architecture and Sailfish requires ARMv7.)<ref>{{cite web|title=Sailfish on a Raspberry Pi |url=https://together.jolla.com/question/56308/sailfish-on-a-raspberry-pi/|website=together.jolla.com |publisher=Jolla|access-date=26 February 2015}}</ref>
* Slackware ARM – version 13.37 and later runs on the Raspberry Pi without modification.<ref>{{cite web |title=SlackwareARM for the Raspberry Pi|url=https://stanleygarvey.com/Slackberry/index.php|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210050516/https://stanleygarvey.com/Slackberry/index.php |archive-date=10 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=6103 |publisher=raspberrypi.org |title=ArmedSlack working :)<!-- do not remove the :). It isn't vandalism. It is in the title. --> |date=18 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |website=alt.os.linux.slackware |url=https://groups.google.com/group/alt.os.linux.slackware/browse_thread/thread/85f8c15cdab99e2f |title=ARMed Slack running on Raspberry Pi |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=56&t=6132&hilit=armedslack|title=raspberrypi.org – ArmedSlack 13.37|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> The 128–496 MB of available memory on the Raspberry Pi is at least twice the minimum requirement of 64 MB needed to run Slackware Linux on an ARM or i386 system.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.slackware.com/install/sysreq.php |title=The Slackware Linux Project: Installation Help |publisher=Slackware.com |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref> (Whereas the majority of Linux systems boot into a [[Graphical user interface|graphical user interface]], Slackware's default user environment is the [[Software:Shell (computing)|textual shell]] / command line interface.<ref>{{cite web|title=Slackware Linux Essentials: The Shell |url=https://slackbook.org/html/book.html#SHELL|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>) The [[Software:Fluxbox|Fluxbox]] window manager running under the [[Software:X Window System|X Window System]] requires an additional 48 MB of RAM.<ref>{{cite web|author=v1.0.2 (en), xiando |url=https://linuxreviews.org/software/desktops/#toc4 |title=Desktops: KDE vs Gnome |publisher=Linux Reviews |access-date=22 June 2012}}</ref>
* [[Software:SolydXK|SolydXK]] – a light Debian-derived distro with Xfce.
* Stratodesk – The NoTouch OS converts Raspberry Pis into managed [[Thin client|thin clients]]. NoTouch can be pre-installed on Raspberry Pis from [[Company:ViewSonic|ViewSonic]], [[Company:NComputing|NComputing]]. and [[Company:ClearCube|ClearCube]] and self-installed for do-it-yourself projects.
* [[Software:Tiny Core Linux|Tiny Core Linux]] – a minimal [[Software:Linux|Linux]] operating system focused on providing a base system using [[Software:BusyBox|BusyBox]] and [[Software:FLTK|FLTK]]. Designed to run primarily in RAM.
* [[Software:Ubuntu|Ubuntu]]-based: [[Software:Lubuntu|Lubuntu]]<ref name="auto2">{{cite web |url=https://ubuntu-pi-flavour-maker.org/blog/ubuntu-pi-flavours-for-raspberry-pi-3/ |title=Ubuntu Pi Flavours for Raspberry Pi 3 are released |author=Martin Wimpress |date=2016-02-29 |website=Ubuntu Pi Flavour Maker |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111064418/https://ubuntu-pi-flavour-maker.org/blog/ubuntu-pi-flavours-for-raspberry-pi-3/ |access-date=30 July 2018 }}</ref> and [[Software:Xubuntu|Xubuntu]]<ref name="auto2"/>
* [[Software:Void Linux|Void Linux]] – a [[Rolling release|rolling release]] Linux distribution which was designed and implemented from scratch, provides images based on musl or [[Software:Glibc|glibc]].

;Other operating systems (BSD-based)
* [[Software:FreeBSD|FreeBSD]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kernelnomicon.org/?p=275 |title=Building image for Raspberry Pi: up to date version |date=2013-02-01 |website=FreeBSD developer's notebook |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510121614/https://kernelnomicon.org/?p=275 |access-date=22 July 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=arm/Raspberry Pi - FreeBSD Wiki |website=Wiki.freebsd.org |url=https://wiki.freebsd.org/FreeBSD/arm/Raspberry%20Pi |access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref>
* [[Software:NetBSD|NetBSD]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mail-index.netbsd.org/port-arm/2012/07/13/msg001367.html |title=Raspberry PI|website=Mail-index.netbsd.org}}</ref><ref name="h-online 2012">{{cite news|title=NetBSD 6.0 released with initial Raspberry Pi support|url=https://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/NetBSD-6-0-released-with-initial-Raspberry-Pi-support-1731897.html|access-date=18 October 2012|newspaper=The H|date=18 October 2012|archive-date=20 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020002444/http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/NetBSD-6-0-released-with-initial-Raspberry-Pi-support-1731897.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Organization:OpenBSD|OpenBSD]] (only on 64-bit platforms, such as Raspberry Pi 3)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.openbsd.org/arm64.html|title=OpenBSD/arm64|website=openbsd.org}}</ref>

== Driver APIs ==
[[File:Raspberrypi video API 03.svg|thumb|Scheme of the implemented [[Application programming interface|APIs]]: OpenMAX, OpenGL ES and OpenVG ]]

Raspberry Pi can use a [[VideoCore]] IV GPU via a [[Binary blob|binary blob]], which is loaded into the GPU at boot time from the [[Secure Digital|SD-card]], and additional software, that initially was closed source.<ref name="h-online 2011">{{cite news |url=https://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Raspberry-Pi-warms-up-1341629.html |title=Raspberry Pi warms up |work=The H |date=13 September 2011 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=djwm |archive-date=25 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125071912/http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Raspberry-Pi-warms-up-1341629.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> This part of the driver code was later released.<ref name="ARMuserland"/> However, much of the actual driver work is done using the closed source GPU code. Application software makes calls to closed source run-time libraries (OpenMax, OpenGL ES or [[Software:OpenVG|OpenVG]]), which in turn call an open source driver inside the Linux kernel, which then calls the closed source VideoCore IV GPU driver code. The [[Application programming interface|API]] of the kernel driver is specific for these closed libraries. Video applications use [[Software:OpenMAX|OpenMAX]], {{nowrap|[[3D computer graphics|3D applications]]}} use OpenGL ES and {{nowrap|[[2D computer graphics|2D applications]]}} use [[Software:OpenVG|OpenVG]], which both in turn use EGL. OpenMAX and EGL use the open source kernel driver in turn.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/592 |publisher=raspberrypi.org |title=Libraries, codecs, OSS |date=31 January 2012 |access-date=12 February 2022 |archive-date=30 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030114016/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/592 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Vulkan driver ===
The Raspberry Pi Foundation first announced it was working on a [[Software:Vulkan (API)|Vulkan]] driver in February 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/raspberry-pi-vulkan-graphics-driver-release|title=Raspberry Pi to Get Vulkan Graphics Driver (Eventually)|first=Nathaniel Mott 03|last=February 2020|website=Tom's Hardware|date=3 February 2020}}</ref> A working Vulkan driver running Quake 3 at 100 [[Physics:Frames per second|frames per second]] on a 3B+ was revealed by a graphics engineer who had been working on it as a hobby project on 20 June.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/nvidia-engineer-vulkan-driver-raspberry-pi-quake-iii-100-fps|title=Nvidia Engineer's Vulkan Driver For Raspberry Pi Runs Quake III Over 100 FPS at 720p|first=Zhiye Liu 20|last=June 2020|website=Tom's Hardware|date=20 June 2020}}</ref>  On 24 November 2020 Raspberry Pi Foundation announced that their driver for the Raspberry Pi 4 is Vulkan 1.0 conformant.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/vulkan-update-were-conformant/|title=Vulkan update: we're conformant!|date=November 24, 2020|website=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> Raspberry Pi Trading announced further driver conformance for Vulkan 1.1 and 1.2 on 26 October 2021<ref>{{cite web |date=2021-10-26 |title=Vulkan update: version 1.1 conformance for Raspberry Pi 4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/vulkan-update-version-1-1-conformance-for-raspberry-pi-4/ |access-date=2021-11-15 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref> and 1 August 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upton |first=Eben |date=2022-08-01 |title=Vulkan update: version 1.2 conformance for Raspberry Pi 4 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/vulkan-update-version-1-2-conformance-for-raspberry-pi-4/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Raspberry Pi |language=en-GB}}</ref>

=== Firmware ===
The official firmware is a [[Freely redistributable software|freely redistributable]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/Hexxeh/rpi-firmware/blob/master/LICENCE.broadcom|title=Hexxeh/rpi-firmware|website=Github.com|date=28 October 2021}}</ref> [[Binary blob|binary blob]], that is [[Proprietary software|proprietary software]].<ref name=haiku/> A minimal proof-of-concept open source firmware is also available, mainly aimed at initialising and starting the ARM cores as well as performing minimal startup that is required on the ARM side. It is also capable of booting a very minimal [[Software:Linux kernel|Linux kernel]], with patches to remove the dependency on the mailbox interface being responsive. It is known to work on Raspberry Pi 1, 2 and 3, as well as some variants of Raspberry Pi Zero.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/christinaa/rpi-open-firmware |title=christinaa/rpi-open-firmware |website=Github.com |date=3 November 2021 }}</ref>

=== Third-party application software ===
* [[Company:AstroPrint|AstroPrint]] – AstroPrint's wireless [[3D printing|3D printing]] software can be run on the Pi 2.<ref name=adafruit-astroprint>{{cite web|last1=Brothers|first1=Ruiz|title=WiFi 3D Printing|url=https://learn.adafruit.com/astroprint-3d-printing/overview|website=Learn.adafruit.com|access-date=22 September 2015}}</ref>
* [[Software:Ch (computer programming)|C/C++ Interpreter Ch]] – Released 3 January 2017, C/C++ interpreter Ch and Embedded Ch are released free for non-commercial use for Raspberry Pi, ChIDE is also included for the beginners to learn C/C++.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.softintegration.com/company/press/ch_arm_raspberry_pi_released.html/|title=C/C++ Interpreter Ch 7.5 released for Raspberry Pi, and Pi Zero|website=Softintegration.com|access-date=2 March 2022|archive-date=21 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421104951/http://www.softintegration.com/company/press/ch_arm_raspberry_pi_released.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Software:Minecraft|Minecraft]] – Released 11 February 2013, a modified version that allows players to directly alter the world with computer code.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pi.minecraft.net/|title=Minecraft: Pi Edition – Minecraft: Pi Edition updates and downloads|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
* [[Software:RealVNC|RealVNC]] – Since 28 September 2016, Raspbian includes RealVNC's remote access server and viewer software.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/introducing-pixel/|title=Introducing PIXEL – Raspberry Pi|date=28 September 2016|newspaper=Raspberry Pi|access-date=2 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.realvnc.com/news/realvnc-and-raspberry-pi-announce-new-partnership/|title=RealVNC and Raspberry Pi announce new partnership|access-date=2 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.realvnc.com/raspberrypi/|title=Raspberry Pi {{!}} RealVNC|website=www.realvnc.com|access-date=2 February 2017}}</ref> This includes a new capture technology which allows directly rendered content (e.g. Minecraft, camera preview and omxplayer) as well as non-X11 applications to be viewed and controlled remotely.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/minecraft-pi-and-more-over-vnc/|title=Minecraft Pi (and more) over VNC – Raspberry Pi|date=9 May 2016|newspaper=Raspberry Pi|access-date=2 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.realvnc.com/docs/raspberry-pi.html#raspberry-pi-minecraft|title=Docs {{!}} Using VNC 5.x on the Raspberry Pi {{!}} RealVNC|website=www.realvnc.com|access-date=2 February 2017|archive-date=3 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203080122/https://www.realvnc.com/docs/raspberry-pi.html#raspberry-pi-minecraft|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Software:UserGate Web Filter|UserGate Web Filter]] – On 20 September 2013, Florida-based security vendor Entensys announced porting UserGate Web Filter to Raspberry Pi platform.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.techworld.com.au/article/527046/entensys_builds_mini_web_filtering_appliance_raspberry_pi|title=Entensys builds mini Web filtering appliance with Raspberry Pi|last=Pearce|first=Rohan|date=20 September 2013|work=Techworld Australia}}</ref>
* [[Software:Steam Link#Raspberry Pi|Steam Link]] – On 13 December 2018, Valve released official Steam Link game streaming client for the Raspberry Pi 3 and 3 B+.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://steamcommunity.com/app/353380/discussions/6/2806204039992195182/|title=Steam Link now available on Raspberry Pi :: Steam Link Raspberry Pi|website=steamcommunity.com|access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Raspberry-Pi-Steam-Link|title=Valve's Steam Link For Raspberry Pi Now Available – Phoronix|website=phoronix.com|access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref>

=== Software development tools ===
* [[Software:Arduino IDE|Arduino IDE]] – for programming an Arduino.
* [[Algoid (programming language)|Algoid]] – for teaching programming to children and beginners.
* [[Software:BlueJ|BlueJ]] – for teaching Java to beginners.
* [[Software:Greenfoot|Greenfoot]] – Greenfoot teaches object orientation with Java. Create 'actors' which live in 'worlds' to build games, simulations, and other graphical programs.
* [[Julia (programming language)|Julia]] – an interactive and cross-platform programming language/environment, that runs on the Pi 1 and later.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://julialang.org/downloads/ |title=Julia Downloads |access-date=21 January 2016}}</ref><!--A binary for ARMv6/Pi 1 is available, a download link is missing; that download link is only for ARMv7--> IDEs for Julia, such as [[Software:Visual Studio Code|Visual Studio Code]], are available. See also Pi-specific GitHub repository JuliaBerry.
* [[Software:Lazarus (IDE)|Lazarus]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wiki.freepascal.org/Raspberry_Pi |title=Raspberry Pi|date=21 January 2016}}</ref> – a [[Software:Free Pascal|Free Pascal]] RAD IDE
* [[LiveCode]] – an educational RAD IDE descended from [[Software:HyperCard|HyperCard]] using English-like language to write event-handlers for WYSIWYG widgets runnable on desktop, mobile and Raspberry Pi platforms.
* [[Software:Ninja-IDE|Ninja-IDE]] – a cross-platform integrated development environment (IDE) for Python.
* [[Processing (programming language)|Processing]] – an IDE built for the electronic arts, new media art, and visual design communities with the purpose of teaching the fundamentals of computer programming in a visual context.
* [[Scratch (programming language)|Scratch]] – a cross-platform teaching IDE using visual blocks that stack like Lego, originally developed by MIT's Life Long Kindergarten group. The Pi version is very heavily optimised<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/a-new-version-of-scratch-for-raspberry-pi-now-with-added-gpio/ |title=A NEW VERSION OF SCRATCH FOR RASPBERRY PI: NOW WITH ADDED GPIO |date=7 October 2015 |access-date=5 August 2016}}</ref> for the limited computer resources available and is implemented in the Squeak Smalltalk system. The latest version compatible with the 2B is 1.6.
* [[Squeak]] Smalltalk – a full-scale open Smalltalk.
* [[Software:TensorFlow|TensorFlow]] – an artificial intelligence framework developed by Google. The Raspberry Pi Foundation worked with Google to simplify the installation process through pre-built binaries.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/google-ai-on-raspberry-pi-now-you-get-official-tensorflow-support/|title=Google AI on Raspberry Pi: Now you get official TensorFlow support |last=Tung|first=Liam|publisher=ZDNet|access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref>
* [[Software:Thonny|Thonny]] – a Python IDE for beginners.
* V-Play Game Engine – a cross-platform development framework that supports mobile game and app development with the V-Play Game Engine, V-Play apps, and V-Play plugins.
<!--* [[Software:Microsoft Visual Studio|Visual Studio]] – an IDE for developing with C++ and .NET for the Pi (i.e. cross-compilation)-->
<!--* [[Software:MonoDevelop|Xamarin Studio]] – a free IDE for developing in C# (.NET) via the Raspberry# IO or RaspberryIO toolkits. XS is a re-branding of [[Software:MonoDevelop|MonoDevelop]].-->
* [[Software:Xojo|Xojo]] – a cross-platform RAD tool that can create desktop, web and console apps for Pi 2 and Pi 3.
* C-STEM Studio – a platform for hands-on integrated learning of computing, science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (C-STEM) with robotics.
* [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]] – a functional language for building concurrent systems with light-weight processes and message passing.
* [[Software:LabVIEW|LabVIEW Community Edition]] – a system-design platform and development environment for a visual programming language from National Instruments.

== Accessories ==
[[File:Raspberry Pi Camera Module - Hand-Held (14672275231).jpg|thumb|Raspberry Pi 5 megapixel camera]]
[[File:1638 - Raspberry Pi Camera V2.jpg|thumb|Version 2 of the Pi Camera]]
[[File:Raspberry pi camera.jpg|thumb|Raspberry Pi High Quality Camera Module]]
[[File:Raspberry Pi 4B DVB TV μHat (angle).jpg|thumb|right|Raspberry Pi 4 Model B with a "TV Hat" card (for DVB-T/T2 television reception) attached]]
* Gertboard – A Raspberry Pi Foundation sanctioned device, designed for educational purposes, that expands the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins to allow interface with and control of LEDs, switches, analogue signals, sensors and other devices. It also includes an optional [[Software:Arduino|Arduino]] compatible controller to interface with the Pi.<ref name="Gertboard">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1734|title=Gertboard is here!|date=8 August 2012|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=9 August 2012|archive-date=10 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120810222718/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1734|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Camera – On 14 May 2013, the foundation and the distributors RS Components & Premier Farnell/Element 14 launched the Raspberry Pi camera board alongside a firmware update to accommodate it.<ref>{{cite web |title=Elinux Wiki: Description of Raspberry Pi Camera Board |url=https://elinux.org/Rpi_Camera_Module |access-date=3 September 2013}}</ref> The camera board is shipped with a [[Engineering:Flexible flat cable|flexible flat cable]] that plugs into the [[Camera Serial Interface|CSI]] connector which is located between the Ethernet and HDMI ports. In Raspbian, the user must enable the use of the camera board by running Raspi-config and selecting the camera option. The camera module costs €20 in Europe (9 September 2013).<ref name="farnellcam"/> It uses the OmniVision OV5647 [[Engineering:Image sensor|image sensor]] and can produce [[Engineering:1080p|1080p]], [[Engineering:720p|720p]] and [[Engineering:480p|640x480p]] video. The dimensions are {{nowrap|25 mm × 20 mm × 9 mm}}.<ref name="farnellcam">{{cite web |title=RPI Camera board – Raspberry-Pi – Raspberry Pi Kamera-Board, 5MP |publisher=Farnell |url=https://de.farnell.com/raspberry-pi/rpi-camera-board/raspberry-pi-camera-board-5mp/dp/2302279 |access-date=9 June 2013 |language=de |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140509124127/https://de.farnell.com/raspberry-pi/rpi-camera-board/raspberry-pi-camera-board-5mp/dp/2302279 |archive-date=9 May 2014 }}</ref> In May 2016, v2 of the camera came out, and is an 8 megapixel camera using a Sony IMX219.<ref>
{{cite web|title=Camera Documenation|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/camera/|access-date=2020-12-07|website=raspberrypi.org|language=en}}</ref>
* Infrared Camera – In October 2013, the foundation announced that they would begin producing a camera module without an infrared filter, called the Pi NoIR.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pi NoIR|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/tag/pi-noir/|access-date=16 August 2014}}</ref>
* Official Display – On 8 September 2015, The foundation and the distributors RS Components & Premier Farnell/Element 14 launched the Raspberry Pi Touch Display<ref>{{cite web|title=The Eagarly awaited Raspberry Pi Display |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/the-eagerly-awaited-raspberry-pi-display/|date=8 September 2015|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=18 November 2017}}</ref>
* HAT (Hardware Attached on Top) expansion boards{{snd}}Together with the Model B+, inspired by the Arduino shield boards, the interface for HAT boards was devised by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. Each HAT board carries a small EEPROM (typically a CAT24C32WI-GT3)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/hats/blob/master/eeprom-circuit.png|title=hats/eeprom-circuit.png at master · raspberrypi/hats · GitHub|work=GitHub|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> containing the relevant details of the board,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/hats/blob/master/eeprom-format.md|title=hats/eeprom-format.md at master · raspberrypi/hats · GitHub|work=GitHub|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> so that the Raspberry Pi's OS is informed of the HAT, and the technical details of it, relevant to the OS using the HAT.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/hats |title=raspberrypi/hats · GitHub|work=GitHub|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> Mechanical details of a HAT board, which uses the four mounting holes in their rectangular formation, are available online.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/hats/blob/master/hat-board-mechanical.pdf|title=hats/hat-board-mechanical.pdf at master · raspberrypi/hats · GitHub|author=raspberrypi|work=GitHub|date=November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/raspberrypi/hats|title=GitHub – raspberrypi/hats |author="raspberrypi" in title seem code for--> Raspberry Pi Foundation <!--roofficial repository--> |date=November 2021 |publisher=GitHub}}</ref>
* High Quality Camera – In May 2020, the 12.3 megapixel Sony IMXZ477 sensor camera module was released with support for [[Engineering:C mount|C- and CS-mount]] lenses.<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi High Quality Camera|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-high-quality-camera/|date=April 30, 2020|website=Raspberrypi.org|access-date=May 1, 2020}}</ref> The unit initially retailed for US$50 with interchangeable lenses starting at US$25.
* e-CAM130_CURB – In Nov 2020, the 13 megapixel ON Semiconductor AR1335 sensor camera module was released with support for [[Engineering:S-mount (CCTV lens)|S-mount]] lenses.<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi High Quality Camera|url=https://www.e-consystems.com/raspberry-pi-4/high-quality-mipi-csi-camera.asp|date=April 19, 2021|website=e-consystems.com}}</ref> The unit initially retailed for US$99.

== Vulnerability to flashes of light ==
In February 2015, a [[Engineering:Switched-mode power supply|switched-mode power supply]] chip, designated U16, of the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B version 1.1 (the initially released version) was found to be vulnerable to flashes of light,<ref name="U16 forums">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=99042 |title=Raspberry Pi Forums: Why is the PI2 camera-shy? |author=several authors |work=Raspberry Pi Forums |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=7–9 February 2015 |access-date=9 February 2015}}</ref> particularly the light from xenon camera flashes and green<ref name="U16 Hackaday">{{cite web |url=https://hackaday.com/2015/02/08/photonic-reset-of-the-raspberry-pi-2/ |title=Photonic Reset of the Raspberry Pi 2 |publisher=Hackaday |date=8 February 2015 |access-date=8 February 2015 |author=Benchoff, Brian}}</ref> and red [[Physics:Laser pointer|laser pointer]]s. The U16 chip has WL-CSP packaging, which exposes the bare silicon die. The Raspberry Pi Foundation blog recommended covering U16 with opaque material (such as [[Chemistry:Sugru|Sugru]] or Blu-Tak) or putting the Raspberry Pi 2 in a case.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Upton |first1=Liz |title=Xenon Death Flash: a free physics lesson |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/xenon-death-flash-a-free-physics-lesson/ |website=Raspberry Pi |access-date=18 January 2022 |date=9 February 2015}}</ref><ref name="U16 Hackaday" /> This issue was not discovered before the release of the Raspberry Pi 2 because it is not standard or common practice to test susceptibility to optical interference,<ref name="U16 forums" /> while commercial electronic devices are routinely subjected to tests of susceptibility to radio interference.

== Reception and use ==
[[File:NASAJPLOpenSourceRover.webp|thumb|NASA's ''Open Source Rover'' powered by a Raspberry Pi 3]]
Technology writer Glyn Moody described the project in May 2011 as a "potential {{nowrap|[[Engineering:BBC Micro|BBC Micro]] 2.0}}", not by replacing {{nowrap|PC compatible}} machines but by supplementing them.<ref name="computerworlduk as british">{{cite web |url=https://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2011/05/as-british-as-raspberry-pi |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102155751/https://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2011/05/as-british-as-raspberry-pi |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 January 2013 |title=As British as Raspberry Pi? |work=Computerworld UK Open Enterprise blog |date=9 May 2011 |access-date=2 February 2012 |first=Moody |last=Glyn |author-link=Glyn Moody }}</ref> In March 2012 Stephen Pritchard echoed the BBC Micro successor sentiment in ''ITPRO''.<ref name="itpro bbc 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.itpro.co.uk/639292/raspberry-pi-a-bbc-micro-for-todays-generation |title=Raspberry Pi: A BBC Micro for today's generation |work=ITPRO |date=1 March 2012 |access-date=15 March 2012 |author=Pritchard, Stephen}}</ref> Alex Hope, co-author of the Next Gen report, is hopeful that the computer will engage children with the excitement of programming.<ref name="telegraph">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/8931387/Computing-classes-dont-teach-programming-skills.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/video-games/8931387/Computing-classes-dont-teach-programming-skills.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Computing classes don't teach programming skills |work=The Daily Telegraph  |date=3 December 2011 |access-date=27 February 2012 |author=Stanford, Peter |location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Co-author Ian Livingstone suggested that the BBC could be involved in building support for the device, possibly branding it as the BBC Nano.<ref name="bbc classroom coders">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-16424990 |title=Raspberry Pi bids for success with classroom coders |work=BBC News|date=10 January 2012 |access-date=29 February 2012 |author=Vallance, Chris}}</ref> The Centre for Computing History strongly supports the Raspberry Pi project, feeling that it could "usher in a new era".<ref name="computinghistory donated" /> Before release, the board was showcased by ARM's CEO Warren East at an event in Cambridge outlining Google's ideas to improve UK science and technology education.<ref name="cabume improve stem teaching">{{cite news |url=https://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/how-google-can-really-help-improve-stem-teaching-in-the-uk.html |title=How Google can really help improve STEM teaching in the UK |work=Cabume |date=23 February 2012 |access-date=28 February 2012 |author=Osborn, George |archive-date=2 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302104327/http://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/how-google-can-really-help-improve-stem-teaching-in-the-uk.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Harry Fairhead, however, suggests that more emphasis should be put on improving the educational software available on existing hardware, using tools such as Google App Inventor to return programming to schools, rather than adding new hardware choices.<ref name="Raspberry Pi or Programming">{{cite news |url=https://www.i-programmer.info/professional-programmer/i-programmer/3419-raspberry-pi-or-programming.html |title=Raspberry Pi or Programming – What shall we teach the children? |work=I Programmer |date=2 December 2011 |access-date=7 February 2012 |author=Fairhead, Harry}}</ref> Simon Rockman, writing in a ''[[ZDNet]]'' blog, was of the opinion that teens will have "better things to do", despite what happened in the 1980s.<ref name="zdnet mid-life crisis">{{cite news |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/is-raspberry-pi-a-mid-life-crisis/ |title=Is Raspberry Pi a mid-life crisis? |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |date=21 February 2012 |access-date=24 February 2012 |author=Rockman, Simon |quote=Just because young teens led the way in computing in the 1980s doesn't mean it should, will or can happen again. Those outside the tech age bubble have better things to do.}}</ref>

In October 2012, the Raspberry Pi won T3's Innovation of the Year award,<ref>{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi – Innovation of the Year|url=https://awards.t3.com/categories/innovation-of-the-year/raspberry-pi|publisher=T3 Gadget Awards |access-date=9 October 2012}}</ref> and futurist [[Biography:Mark Pesce|Mark Pesce]] cited a (borrowed) Raspberry Pi as the inspiration for his [[Ambient device|ambient device]] project MooresCloud.<ref>{{cite web |title=Showtime |date=5 October 2012 |url=https://blog.moorescloud.com/2012/10/05/showtime/ |website=Crowdfunding the Light |access-date=17 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509051353/https://blog.moorescloud.com/2012/10/05/showtime/ |archive-date=9 May 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In October 2012, the [[Organization:British Computer Society|British Computer Society]] reacted to the announcement of enhanced specifications by stating, "it's definitely something we'll want to sink our teeth into."<ref name="bcs 2012">{{cite web|title=Latest Raspberry Pi has double the RAM|url=https://www.bcs.org/content/conWebDoc/48492|work=BCS website|publisher=[[Organization:British Computer Society|BCS]]|date=16 October 2012|access-date=18 October 2012|archive-date=14 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130414004501/http://www.bcs.org/content/conWebDoc/48492|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In June 2017, Raspberry Pi won the Royal Academy of Engineering MacRobert Award.<ref>[https://ingenia.org.uk/Ingenia/Articles/1107/ "Chips that changed the classroom"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813143640/http://ingenia.org.uk/Ingenia/Articles/1107/ |date=13 August 2018 }} Ingenia, September 2017</ref> The citation for the award to the Raspberry Pi said it was "for its inexpensive credit card-sized microcomputers, which are redefining how people engage with computing, inspiring students to learn coding and computer science and providing innovative control solutions for industry."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.raeng.org.uk/news/news-releases/2017/june/the-coding-revolution-marches-on-raspberry-pi-wins/|title=The coding revolution marches on: Raspberry Pi wins UK's top engineering innovation prize |publisher=Royal Academy of Engineering|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref>

Clusters of hundreds of Raspberry Pis have been used for testing programs destined for supercomputers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/750-raspberry-pi-boards-supercomputing-testbed/|title=750 Raspberry Pi Boards Used To Create Supercomputer Testbed|date=28 November 2017|website=Digital Trends}}</ref>

=== Community ===
The Raspberry Pi community was described by Jamie Ayre of FOSS software company AdaCore as one of the most exciting parts of the project.<ref name="computerweekly community 2012" /> Community blogger Russell Davis said that the community strength allows the Foundation to concentrate on documentation and teaching.<ref name="computerweekly community 2012" /> The community developed a fanzine around the platform called ''The MagPi''<ref name="thedigitallifestyle dixon 2012">{{cite web|url=https://thedigitallifestyle.com/w/index.php/2012/05/06/the-magpi-raspberry-pi-online-magazine-launched/|title=The MagPi – Raspberry Pi online magazine launched|work=The Digital Lifestyle.com|date=6 May 2012 |access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> which in 2015, was handed over to the Raspberry Pi Foundation by its volunteers to be continued in-house.<ref name="all change meet the new magpi">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/all-change-meet-the-new-magpi/|title=All change – meet the new MagPi|work=Raspberry Pi|date=27 February 2015|access-date=15 March 2015|archive-date=12 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312172339/http://www.raspberrypi.org/all-change-meet-the-new-magpi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A series of community ''Raspberry Jam'' events have been held across the UK and around the world.<ref name="raspberry jam">{{cite web|title=Raspberry Jam|url=https://raspberrypi.org.uk/jam/|work=Raspberry Pi web|access-date=15 March 2015}}{{Dead link|date=June 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

=== Education ===
{{As of|January 2012}}, enquiries about the board in the United Kingdom have been received from schools in both the state and private sectors, with around five times as much interest from the latter. It is hoped that businesses will sponsor purchases for less advantaged schools.<ref name="guardian reboot computing" /> The CEO of Premier Farnell said that the government of a country in the Middle East has expressed interest in providing a board to every schoolgirl, to enhance her employment prospects.<ref name="guardian 700-per-sec 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/mar/05/raspberry-pi-demand |title=Raspberry Pi demand running at '700 per second' |work={{wipe|The Guardian}}  |date=5 March 2012 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=Arthur, Charles |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Raspberry Pi mini computer sells out after taking 700 orders per second|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/raspberry-pi-mini-computer-sells-out-after-taking-700-orders-per-second/|access-date=9 June 2012|newspaper=Digital Trends}}</ref>

In 2014, the Raspberry Pi Foundation hired a number of its community members including ex-teachers and software developers to launch a set of free learning resources for its website.<ref name="welcome to our website">{{cite news |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/welcome-to-our-new-website/ |title=Welcome to our new website |publisher=[[Organization:Raspberry Pi Foundation|Raspberry Pi Foundation]] |date=2 April 2014 |access-date=15 March 2015 |author=Upton, Liz |location=Cambridge |archive-date=7 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407054317/http://www.raspberrypi.org/welcome-to-our-new-website/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Foundation also started a teacher training course called Picademy with the aim of helping teachers prepare for teaching the new computing curriculum using the Raspberry Pi in the classroom.<ref name="picademy free cpd for teachers">{{cite news |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/picademy-free-cpd-for-teachers/ |title=Picademy – free CPD for teachers |publisher=[[Organization:Raspberry Pi Foundation|Raspberry Pi Foundation]]  |date=17 March 2014 |access-date=15 March 2015 |author=Philbin, Carrie Anne |location=Cambridge}}</ref>

In 2018, [[Organization:NASA|NASA]] launched the ''JPL Open Source Rover Project'', which is a scaled down version of [[Engineering:Curiosity (rover)|Curiosity rover]] and uses a Raspberry Pi as the control module, to encourage students and hobbyists to get involved in mechanical, software, electronics, and robotics engineering.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/nasa-jpl/open-source-rover|title=nasa-jpl/open-source-rover|website=GitHub|date=3 November 2021}}</ref>

=== Home automation ===
There are a number of developers and applications that are using the Raspberry Pi for [[Engineering:Home automation|home automation]]. These programmers are making an effort to modify the Raspberry Pi into a cost-affordable solution in energy monitoring and power consumption. Because of the relatively low cost of the Raspberry Pi, this has become a popular and economical alternative to the more expensive commercial solutions.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}

=== Industrial automation ===
In June 2014, Polish industrial automation manufacturer TECHBASE released ModBerry, an industrial computer based on the Raspberry Pi Compute Module. The device has a number of interfaces, most notably RS-485/232 serial ports, digital and analogue inputs/outputs, CAN and economical 1-Wire buses, all of which are widely used in the automation industry. The design allows the use of the Compute Module in harsh industrial environments, leading to the conclusion that the Raspberry Pi is no longer limited to home and science projects, but can be widely used as an [[Internet of things|Industrial IoT]] solution and achieve goals of [[Industry 4.0]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://linuxgizmos.com/automation-controller-taps-raspberry-pi-compute-module/ |title=Automation controller taps Raspberry Pi Compute Module|date=25 June 2014|work=LinuxGizmos.com|access-date=10 March 2017}}</ref>

In March 2018, SUSE announced commercial support for SUSE Linux Enterprise on the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B to support a number of undisclosed customers implementing industrial monitoring with the Raspberry Pi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.suse.com/c/small-server-big-companies-new-raspberry-pi-support-sles-arm/|title=A small server for big companies – New Raspberry Pi support in SLES for ARM|first=Jay|last=Kruemcke|date=26 March 2018|website=SUSE Communities|access-date=2 March 2022}}</ref>

In January 2021, TECHBASE announced a Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 cluster for [[AI accelerator]], [[Routing|routing]] and [[Network File System|file server]] use. The device contains one or more standard Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4s in an industrial [[Engineering:DIN rail|DIN rail]] housing, with some versions containing one or more [[Engineering:Tensor Processing Unit|Coral Edge tensor processing units]].<ref>{{cite web|title=ClusBerry 9500-CM4 – A Raspberry Pi CM4 cluster, industrial style|url=https://www.cnx-software.com/2021/01/18/clusberry-9500-cm4-a-raspberry-pi-cm4-cluster-industrial-style/|access-date=2021-01-27|website=www.cnx-software.com|date=18 January 2021}}</ref>

=== Commercial products ===
The Organelle is a portable synthesizer, a sampler, a sequencer, and an effects processor designed and assembled by Critter & Guitari. It incorporates a Raspberry Pi computer module running Linux.<ref>{{cite web |last1=O'Brien |first1=Terrence |title=The Organelle is a music computer that can do almost anything |url=https://www.engadget.com/2019-11-08-critter-and-guitari-organelle-music-computer-review-jack-of-all-trades.html |website=Engadget |publisher=Engadget |access-date=12 December 2020}}</ref>

OTTO is a digital camera created by Next Thing Co. It incorporates a Raspberry Pi Compute Module. It was successfully crowd-funded in a May 2014 Kickstarter campaign.<ref>{{cite web|title=Meet OTTO – The Hackable GIF Camera|url=https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1598272670/meet-otto-the-hackable-gif-camera|website=Kickstarter|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref>

Slice is a [[Digital media player|digital media player]] which also uses a Compute Module as its heart. It was crowd-funded in an August 2014 Kickstarter campaign. The software running on Slice is based on [[Software:Kodi|Kodi]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Slice : A media player and more by Five Ninjas|url=https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/fiveninjas/slice-a-media-player-and-more|website=Kickstarter|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref>

Numerous commercial [[Thin client|thin client]] computer terminals use the Raspberry Pi.<ref>{{cite web |title=How good is the new Raspberry Pi 4 as a thin client? |date=8 July 2019 |url=https://www.citrix.com/blogs/2019/07/08/how-good-is-the-new-raspberry-pi-4-as-a-thin-client/ |publisher=Citrix Systems |access-date=27 March 2021}}</ref>

=== COVID-19 pandemic ===
During the COVID-19 pandemic, demand increased primarily due to the increase in remote work, but also because of the use of many Raspberry Pi Zeros in [[Engineering:Ventilator|ventilator]]s for [[Medicine:COVID-19|COVID-19]] patients in countries such as Colombia,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/raspberry-pi-ventilators-covid-19-163729140.html|title=Raspberry Pi will power ventilators for COVID-19 patients|website=Engadget|language=en|access-date=2020-04-22}}</ref> which were used to combat strain on the healthcare system. In March 2020, Raspberry Pi sales reached 640,000 units, the second largest month of sales in the company's history.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.techrepublic.com/article/raspberry-pi-why-sales-have-rocketed-in-the-middle-of-the-coronavirus-outbreak/ |title=Raspberry Pi sales are rocketing in the middle of the coronavirus outbreak: Here's why | first=Owen | last=Hughes | website=[[TechRepublic]] | date=April 17, 2020 }}</ref>

== Astro Pi and Proxima ==
A project was launched in December 2014 at an event held by the UK Space Agency. The Astro Pi was an augmented Raspberry Pi that included a sensor hat with a visible light or infrared camera. The Astro Pi competition, called Principia, was officially opened in January and was opened to all primary and secondary school aged children who were residents of the United Kingdom. During his mission, British ESA astronaut Tim Peake deployed the computers on board the [[Astronomy:International Space Station|International Space Station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/watch-tim-peake-astro-pi-flight-units-in-space/|title=Watch Tim Peake with the Astro Pi flight units in space!|date=7 March 2016|publisher= Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref> He loaded the winning code while in orbit, collected the data generated and then sent this to Earth where it was distributed to the winning teams. Covered themes during the competition included spacecraft sensors, satellite imaging, space measurements, data fusion and space radiation.

The organisations involved in the Astro Pi competition include the [[Organization:UK Space Agency|UK Space Agency]], UKspace, Raspberry Pi, ESERO-UK and ESA.

In 2017, the European Space Agency ran another competition open to all students in the European Union called Proxima. The winning programs were run on the ISS by Thomas Pesquet, a French astronaut.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://astro-pi.org/proxima/|title=Proxima – AstroPi!|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation|access-date=1 March 2020|archive-date=1 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301013938/https://astro-pi.org/proxima/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In December 2021, the Dragon 2 spacecraft launched by NASA had a pair of Astro Pi in it.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Xavier|first=John|date=2022-01-03|title=Bridging the learning gap with a Pi|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/bridging-the-learning-gap-with-a-pi/article38097063.ece|access-date=2022-01-06|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== History ==
{{Prose|section|date=February 2015}}
[[File:Raspberry Pi board at TransferSummit 2011 cropped.jpg|thumb|An early alpha-test board in operation using different layout from later beta and production boards]]

The computer is inspired by Acorn's [[Engineering:BBC Micro|BBC Micro]] of 1981.<ref name="rpi_bbcsucc">{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi • View topic – Raspberry Pi as the successor of BBC Micro |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=5118 |date=22 April 2012|access-date=12 June 2013 |publisher=raspberrypi.org |quote=The Foundation trustees tried very hard to get an agreement to use the BBC Micro name, right up to May 2011. /../ Eben touched on the subject a bit during his speech at the Beeb@30 celebration at the beginning of the month}}</ref><ref name="businessweekly blown 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.businessweekly.co.uk/blog/cambridge-today-tony-quested/13664-raspberry-blown-at-cambridge-software-detractors |title=Raspberry blown at Cambridge software detractors |work=Business Weekly |date=29 February 2012 |access-date=13 March 2012 |author= Quested, Tony}}</ref> The Model A, Model B and Model B+ names are references to the original models of the British educational [[Engineering:BBC Micro|BBC Micro]] computer, developed by [[Company:Acorn Computers|Acorn Computers]].<ref name="raspberrypi model names">{{cite web |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/11/28/raspberry_pi/page3.html |title=Psst, kid... Wanna learn how to hack? |work=The Register |date=28 November 2011 |access-date=24 December 2011 |author=Williams, Chris}}</ref>

According to Upton, the name "Raspberry Pi" was chosen with "Raspberry" as an ode to a tradition of naming early computer companies after fruit, and "Pi" as a reference to the Python programming language.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.techspot.com/article/531-eben-upton-interview/|title=Interview with Raspberry's Founder Eben Upton|website=TechSpot|access-date=28 February 2020}}</ref>

In 2006, early concepts of the Raspberry Pi were based on the Atmel ATmega644 microcontroller. Its schematics and [[Engineering:Printed circuit board|PCB]] layout are publicly available.<ref name="ubergizmo build your own">{{cite web |url=https://www.ubergizmo.com/2011/10/build-raspberry-pi-minicomputer/ |title=Build your own prototype Raspberry Pi minicomputer |publisher=ubergizmo |date=24 October 2011 |access-date=2 November 2011 |author=Wong, George}}</ref> Foundation [[Social:Trustee|trustee]] Eben Upton assembled a group of teachers, academics and computer enthusiasts to devise a computer to inspire children.<ref name="guardian reboot computing">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2012/jan/09/raspberry-pi-computer-revolutionise-computing-schools?newsfeed=true |title=Raspberry Pi device will 'reboot computing in schools' |work=The Guardian  |date=9 January 2012 |access-date=20 January 2012 |author=Moorhead, Joanna |location=London}}</ref> 

The first ARM prototype version of the computer was mounted in a package the same size as a USB memory stick.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/Raspberry-Pi-David-Braben-Ubuntu-9-OLPC-Railroad-Tycoon,12709.html|title=Tiny USB-Sized PC Offers 1080p HDMI Output|date=6 May 2011|access-date=1 February 2012}}</ref> It had a USB port on one end and an [[Engineering:HDMI|HDMI]] port on the other.

The Foundation's goal was to offer two versions, priced at US$25 and $35. They started accepting orders for the higher priced Model B on 29 February 2012,<ref name= lawler>Richard Lawler, 29 February 2012, [https://www.engadget.com/2012/02/29/raspberry-pi-credit-card-sized-linux-pcs-are-on-sale-now-25-mo/ Raspberry Pi credit-card sized Linux PCs are on sale now, $25 Model A gets a RAM bump], ''Engadget''</ref> the lower cost Model A on 4 February 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/3215|title=launch of the model A announced|date=4 February 2013|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=9 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209164607/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/3215|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the even lower cost (US$20) A+ on 10 November 2014.<ref name="A-Plus-Announcement"/> On 26 November 2015, the cheapest Raspberry Pi yet, the Raspberry Pi Zero, was launched at US$5 or £4.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://swag.raspberrypi.org/collections/pi-zero/products/pi-zero |title=Raspberry Pi Zero, at swag store |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208235627/https://swag.raspberrypi.org/collections/pi-zero/products/pi-zero |archive-date=8 February 2016 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> 

=== Pre-launch ===
* {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|df=y|2011|07}}|event=Trustee Eben Upton publicly approached the RISC OS Open community in July 2011 to enquire about assistance with a port.<ref name="riscosopen eben 2011">{{cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/1/topics/632#posts-8012 |title=Yet another potential RISC OS target? |publisher=RISC OS Open |date=23 July 2011 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=Upton, Eben}}</ref> Adrian Lees at Broadcom has since worked on the port,<ref name="riscoscode 2011">{{cite web |url=https://www.riscoscode.com/Pages/Item0113.html |title=Raspberry Pi To Embrace RISC OS |work=RISCOScode |date=31 October 2011 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=Hansen, Martin |archive-date=8 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308150401/http://www.riscoscode.com/Pages/Item0113.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="riscosopen 2011">{{cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/783?page=8#posts-10565 |title=RISC OS on the Raspberry Pi |publisher=RISC OS Open |date=8 February 2012 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=Lees, Adrian}}</ref> with his work being cited in a discussion regarding the graphics drivers.<ref name="raspberrypi blob broadcom engineer">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=1942 |title=GPU binary blob question |publisher=Raspberry Pi |date=29 December 2011 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=JamesH}}</ref> This port is now included in NOOBS.}}
* August 2011 – 50 alpha boards are manufactured. These boards were functionally identical to the planned Model B,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.geek.com/articles/chips/raspberry-pi-25-pc-goes-into-alpha-production-20110728|title=Raspberry Pi $25 PC goes into alpha production|date=28 July 2011|first=Matthew|last=Humphries|publisher=Geek.com|access-date=1 August 2011|archive-date=2 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102112319/https://www.geek.com/articles/chips/raspberry-pi-25-pc-goes-into-alpha-production-20110728/|url-status=dead}}</ref> but they were physically larger to accommodate debug headers. Demonstrations of the board showed it running the [[Software:LXDE|LXDE]] desktop on Debian, ''Quake 3'' at [[Engineering:1080p|1080p]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_mDuJuvZjI&list=UUhmozgJ0cqX8Gx7676ZQ4ig&feature=plcp|title=Raspberry Pi YouTube Channel|website=[[Company:YouTube|YouTube]]|access-date=28 August 2011}}</ref> and [[Engineering:1080p|Full HD]] [[MPEG-4]] video over HDMI.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgR74Kp6Ws4|title=Full HD video demo at TransferSummit Oxford|website=[[Company:YouTube|YouTube]]|access-date=12 September 2011}}</ref>
* October 2011 – A version of {{nowraplinks|[[Software:RISC OS|RISC OS]] 5}} was demonstrated in public, and following a year of development the port was released for general consumption in November 2012.<ref name="osnews risc os">{{cite web |url= https://www.osnews.com/story/25276/Raspberry_Pi_To_Embrace_RISC_OS |title=Raspberry Pi To Embrace RISC OS |work=OSNews |date=31 October 2011 |access-date=1 November 2011 |author=Holwerda, Thom}}</ref><ref name="archive london show 2011">{{cite news |title=The London show 2011 |work=Archive |date=December 2011 |author=Dewhurst, Christopher |volume=23 |issue=3 |page=3}}</ref><ref name="iconbar newsround">{{cite web |url=https://www.iconbar.com/articles/Newsround/index1271.html |title=Newsround |work=[[The Icon Bar]] |access-date=17 October 2011 |author=Lee, Jeffrey}}</ref><ref name="RaspbettyP RISC OS">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2338 |title=RISC OS for Raspberry Pi |access-date=12 November 2012 |author=eben |date=5 November 2012 |archive-date=9 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109150236/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2338 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* December 2011 – Twenty-five Model B Beta boards were assembled and tested<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=2868|title=What happened to the beta boards?|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref> from one hundred unpopulated PCBs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/389|title=We have PCBs!|date=December 2011|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=19 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219025045/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/389|url-status=dead}}</ref> The component layout of the Beta boards was the same as on production boards. A single error was discovered in the board design where some pins on the CPU were not held high; it was fixed for the first production run.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/470|title=More on the beta boards|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=1 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140401171009/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/470|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Beta boards were demonstrated booting Linux, playing a 1080p movie trailer and the Rightware Samurai OpenGL ES benchmark.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/431|title=Bringing up a beta board|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=22 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122091052/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/431|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Early 2012 – During the first week of the year, the first 10 boards were put up for auction on [[Company:EBay|eBay]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/482 |title=We're auctioning ten beta Raspberry Pi's; |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |date=31 December 2011 |access-date=6 May 2012 |archive-date=11 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511011000/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/482 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="theregister yours for just">{{cite news |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/01/03/raspberry_pi_auction/ |title=That Brit-built £22 computer: Yours for just £1,900 or more |work=The Register |date=3 January 2012 |access-date=10 January 2012 |author=Williams, Chris}}</ref> One was bought anonymously and donated to the museum at The Centre for Computing History in Cambridge, England.<ref name="computinghistory donated">{{cite web |url=https://www.computinghistory.org.uk/news/16944/ |title=One of the First Raspberry Pi Computers Donated to Museum |publisher=The Centre for Computing History |date=9 January 2012 |access-date=28 February 2012}}</ref><ref name="techweekeurope production">{{cite news |url=https://www.techweekeurope.co.uk/news/raspberry-pi-goes-into-production-53652 |title=Raspberry Pi Goes into Production |work=TechWeekEurope UK |date=11 January 2012 |access-date=11 January 2012 |author=Cheerin, Iris}}</ref> The ten boards (with a total retail price of £220) together raised over £16,000,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ebay.co.uk/csc/raspberry_pi/m.html?LH_Complete=1&_ipg=50&_since=15&_sop=13&_rdc=1 |title=eBay list of items sold by Raspberry Pi ''(retrieved 13 January 2012)'' |publisher=Ebay.co.uk |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref> with the last to be auctioned, serial number No. 01, raising £3,500.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Raspberry-Pi-Model-B-beta-board-01-limited-series-10-/180786868894?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_3&hash=item2a17bcb29e |title=Raspberry Pi Model B beta board – No. 01 of a limited series of 10 |publisher=Ebay.co.uk |date=11 January 2012 |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref> In advance of the anticipated launch at the end of February 2012, the Foundation's servers struggled to cope with the load placed by watchers repeatedly refreshing their browsers.<ref name="cabume early wednesday launch">{{cite news |url= https://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/qset-your-alarmsq-raspberry-pi-looks-ready-for-early-wednesday-launch.html |title= "Set your alarms!" – Raspberry Pi looks ready for early Wednesday launch |work= Cabume |date= 28 February 2012 |access-date= 28 February 2012 |archive-date= 1 March 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120301154403/http://www.cabume.co.uk/the-cluster/qset-your-alarmsq-raspberry-pi-looks-ready-for-early-wednesday-launch.html |url-status= dead }}</ref>

=== Launch ===
* 19 February 2012 – The first proof of concept SD card image that could be loaded onto an SD card to produce a preliminary operating system is released. The image was based on [[Software:Debian|Debian]] 6.0 (Squeeze), with the [[Software:LXDE|LXDE]] desktop and the Midori browser, plus various programming tools. The image also runs on [[Software:QEMU|QEMU]] allowing the Raspberry Pi to be emulated on various other platforms.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.linuxnewshere.com/index.php/raspberry-pi-releases-1st-sd-card-image-debian |title=linuxnews showing the first release of Debian Squeeze for Raspberry running on QEMU |publisher=Linuxnewshere.com |access-date=22 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402160328/https://www.linuxnewshere.com/index.php/raspberry-pi-releases-1st-sd-card-image-debian |archive-date=2 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="POC-image">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/645 |title=Getting ready for launch: first root filesystem available for download |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=17 February 2012 |access-date=16 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220040851/https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/645 |archive-date=20 February 2012}}</ref>
* 29 February 2012 – Initial sales commence 29 February 2012<ref name="bbc on sale">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-17190918 |title=The Raspberry Pi £22 computer goes on general sale |work=BBC News|date=29 February 2012 |access-date=29 February 2012}}</ref> at 06:00 UTC;. At the same time, it was announced that the model A, originally to have had 128 MB of RAM, was to be upgraded to 256 MB before release.<ref name=lawler/> The Foundation's website also announced: "Six years after the project's inception, we're nearly at the end of our first run of development – although it's just the beginning of the Raspberry Pi story."<ref name="thehindu 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/article2954870.ece |title=Low-cost mini-PC Raspberry Pi gets heavily booked |work=The Hindu |date=2 March 2012 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=Subramanian, Karthik |location=Chennai, India}}</ref> The [[Finance:Online shopping|web-shops]] of the two licensed manufacturers selling Raspberry Pi's within the United Kingdom, Premier Farnell and RS Components, had their websites stalled by heavy web traffic immediately after the launch (RS Components briefly going down completely).<ref name="arstechnica retailers toppled">{{cite news |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/news/2012/02/raspberry-pi-retailers-toppled-by-demand-as-35-linux-computer-launches.ars |title=Raspberry Pi retailers toppled by demand as $35 Linux computer launches |work=[[Ars Technica]] |date=29 February 2012 |access-date=29 February 2012 |author=Paul, Ryan}}</ref><ref name="guardian with program 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/mar/04/raspberry-pi-schools-computer-science |title=The Raspberry Pi can help schools get with the programme |work=The Observer  |date=4 March 2012 |access-date=12 March 2012 |author=Naughton, John |location=London}}</ref> Unconfirmed reports suggested that there were over two million expressions of interest or pre-orders.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://elinux.org/RPi_Buying_Guide#Q:_Couldn.27t_this_have_been_handled_better.2C_I_couldn.27t_get_on_the_site_to_order_and_they_sold_too_quickly.3F |title=Raspberry Pi Buying Guide |publisher=Elinux.org |access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref> The official Raspberry Pi Twitter account reported that Premier Farnell sold out within a few minutes of the initial launch, while RS Components took over 100,000 pre orders on day one.<ref name=lawler/> Manufacturers were reported in March 2012 to be taking a "healthy number" of pre-orders.<ref name="computerweekly community 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.computerweekly.com/blogs/open-source-insider/2012/03/community-strength-blossoms-for-raspberry-pi.html |title=Community strength blossoms for Raspberry Pi |work=Computer Weekly |date=15 March 2012 |access-date=15 March 2012 |author=Bridgwater, Adrian}}</ref>
* March 2012 – Shipping delays for the first batch were announced in March 2012, as the result of installation of an incorrect Ethernet port,<ref name="raspberrypi hiccup 2012">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/781 |title=Manufacturing hiccup |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=8 March 2012 |access-date=19 March 2012 |author=Upton, Liz |archive-date=23 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323153535/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/781 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="ibtimes hiccup 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/311738/20120309/raspberry-pi-delayed.htm |title=Raspberry Pi £22 Computer Delayed Due to 'Manufacturing Hiccup' |work=International Business Times |date=9 March 2012 |access-date=19 March 2012 |author=Gilbert, David}}</ref> but the Foundation expected that manufacturing quantities of future batches could be increased with little difficulty if required.<ref name="ibtimes upton interview 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/articles/313480/20120313/eben-upton-raspberry-pi-founder-interview.htm |title=Interview with Eben Upton – Raspberry Pi Founder |work=International Business Times |date=13 March 2012 |access-date=19 March 2012 |author=Gilbert, David}}</ref> "We have ensured we can get them [the Ethernet connectors with magnetics] in large numbers and Premier Farnell and RS Components [the two distributors] have been fantastic at helping to source components," Upton said. The first batch of 10,000 boards was manufactured in Taiwan and China.<ref name="tax-news.com balks">{{cite news |url=https://www.tax-news.com/news/Raspberry_Pi_Balks_At_UK_Tax_Regime____53494.html |title=Raspberry Pi Balks at UK Tax Regime |work=Tax-News.com |date=17 January 2012 |access-date=20 January 2012 |author=Lee, Robert}}</ref><ref name="civilsociety manufacture abroad">{{cite news |url=https://www.civilsociety.co.uk/finance/news/content/11318/uk_computing_charity_manufacturing_product_abroad |title=UK computing charity opts to manufacture product abroad |access-date=20 January 2012 |author=Weakley, Kirsty |publisher=Civil Society Media}}</ref>
* 8 March 2012 – Release Raspberry Pi Fedora Remix, the recommended Linux distribution,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/805 |title=Raspberry Pi Fedora Remix, our recommended distro, is ready for download! |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |date=8 March 2012 |access-date=22 June 2012 |archive-date=15 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120615012959/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/805 |url-status=dead }}</ref> developed at Seneca College in Canada.<ref name="cbc">{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/story/2012/02/23/technology-raspberry-pi-cheap-computer.html |title=$35 computer 'Raspberry Pi' readies for launch |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |location=Canada |date=24 February 2012 |access-date=28 February 2012 |author=Chung, Emily}}</ref>
* March 2012 – The Debian port is initiated by Mike Thompson, former CTO of Atomz. The effort was largely carried out by Thompson and Peter Green, a volunteer Debian developer, with some support from the Foundation, who tested the resulting binaries that the two produced during the early stages (neither Thompson nor Green had physical access to the hardware, as boards were not widely accessible at the time due to demand).<ref name="ars-volunteers">{{cite web
|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/03/how-two-volunteers-built-the-raspberry-pis-operating-system/
|title=How two volunteers built the Raspberry Pi's operating system
|last1=Brodkin
|first1=Jon
|date=6 March 2013
|website=Ars Technica
|series=Technology Lab / Information Technology
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130526080805/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/03/how-two-volunteers-built-the-raspberry-pis-operating-system/
|archive-date=26 May 2013
|url-status=live
|access-date=17 July 2012}}</ref> While the preliminary [[Proof of concept|proof of concept]] image distributed by the Foundation before launch was also Debian-based, it differed from Thompson and Green's Raspbian effort in a couple of ways. The POC image was based on then-stable Debian Squeeze, while Raspbian aimed to track then-upcoming Debian Wheezy packages.<ref name="POC-image"/> Aside from the updated packages that would come with the new release, Wheezy was also set to introduce the armhf architecture,<ref name="armhf">{{cite web
|url=https://wiki.debian.org/ArmHardFloatPort
|title=ArmHardFloatPort
|date=20 August 2012
|website=Debian Wiki
|publisher=Debian
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521001958/https://wiki.debian.org/ArmHardFloatPort
|archive-date=21 May 2013
|url-status=live
|access-date=17 July 2012}}</ref> which became the ''raison d'être'' for the Raspbian effort. The Squeeze-based POC image was limited to the armel architecture, which was, at the time of Squeeze's release, the latest attempt by the Debian project to have Debian run on the newest ARM embedded-application binary interface (EABI).<ref name="armel">{{cite web
|url=https://wiki.debian.org/ArmEabiPort
|title=ArmEabiPort
|date=28 June 2013
|website=Debian Wiki
|publisher=Debian
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515012158/https://wiki.debian.org/ArmEabiPort
|archive-date=15 May 2013
|url-status=live
|access-date=17 July 2012}}</ref> The armhf architecture in Wheezy intended to make Debian run on the ARM [[ARM architecture#Floating-point (VFP)|VFP]] hardware [[Floating-point unit|floating-point unit]], while armel was limited to emulating floating point operations in software.<ref name="connors-arm">{{cite web
|url=https://blogs.oracle.com/jtc/entry/is_it_armhf_or_armel
|title=Is it armhf or armel?
|last1=Connors
|first1=Jim
|date=16 March 2013
|website=Jim Connors' Weblog
|publisher=Oracle Blogs
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509055247/https://blogs.oracle.com/jtc/entry/is_it_armhf_or_armel
|archive-date=9 May 2013
|url-status=live
|access-date=17 July 2012}}</ref><ref name="vfp">{{cite web
|url=https://wiki.debian.org/ArmHardFloatPort/VfpComparison
|title=ArmHardFloatPort VfpComparison
|date=27 April 2011
|website=Debian Wiki
|publisher=Debian
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201051458/https://wiki.debian.org/ArmHardFloatPort/VfpComparison
|archive-date=1 February 2013
|url-status=live
|access-date=17 July 2012}}</ref> Since the Raspberry Pi included a VFP, being able to make use of the hardware unit would result in performance gains and reduced power use for floating point operations.<ref name="ars-volunteers"/> The armhf effort in mainline Debian, however, was orthogonal to the work surrounding the Pi and only intended to allow Debian to run on ARMv7 at a minimum, which would mean the Pi, an ARMv6 device, would not benefit.<ref name="armhf"/> As a result, Thompson and Green set out to build the 19,000 Debian packages for the device using a custom [[Software build|build]] cluster.<ref name="ars-volunteers"/>

=== Post-launch ===
* 16 April 2012 – Reports appear from the first buyers who had received their Raspberry Pi.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/delivery |title=the first reports of forum members reporting they received their Raspberry Pi |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |date=16 April 2012 |access-date=6 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418222146/https://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/general-discussion/delivery |archive-date=18 April 2012  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2012/04/16/raspberry-pi-begins-shipping/ |title=Raspberry Pi boards begin shipping today (video) |work=Engadget |access-date= 6 May 2012}}</ref>
* 20 April 2012 – The schematics for the Model A and Model B are released.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1090 |title=schematic design, applicable for both version A and B of the Raspberry Pi revision 1.0 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |date=19 April 2012 |access-date=6 May 2012 |archive-date=3 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503230446/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1090 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 18 May 2012 – The Foundation reported on its blog about a prototype [[Camera module|camera module]] they had tested.<ref>{{cite web|title=CAMERA MODULE – FIRST PICTURES!|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/camera-module-first-pictures/|access-date=9 August 2014|archive-date=8 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808035949/http://www.raspberrypi.org/camera-module-first-pictures/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The prototype used a {{nowrap|14-megapixel}} module.
* 22 May 2012 – Over 20,000 units had been shipped.<ref name="rastrack">{{cite web |url= https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1298 |title= Add your Raspberry Pi to the Rastrack map |publisher= Raspberrypi.org |date= 22 May 2012 |access-date= 14 June 2012 |archive-date= 14 June 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120614033306/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1298 |url-status= dead }}</ref>
* July 2012 – Release of Raspbian.<ref name="physorg owano 2012">{{cite news|last=Owano|first=Nancy|title=Raspberry Pi gets customized OS called Raspbian|url=https://phys.org/news/2012-07-raspberry-pi-customized-os-raspbian.html|access-date=5 September 2012|newspaper=PhysOrg|date=18 July 2012}}</ref>
* 16 July 2012 – It was announced that 4,000 units were being manufactured per day, allowing Raspberry Pis to be bought in bulk.<ref name=electronista>{{cite news|title=Raspberry Pi lifts sale restrictions, open to bulk buyers|url=https://www.electronista.com/articles/12/07/16/rs.farnell.manufacturing.4000.raspberry.pis.per.day/|access-date=29 August 2012|newspaper=Electronista|publisher=Macintosh News Network|date=16 July 2012|archive-date=17 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120817072954/http://www.electronista.com/articles/12/07/16/rs.farnell.manufacturing.4000.raspberry.pis.per.day/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1588 |title= Want to buy more than one Raspberry Pi? Now you can! |publisher= Raspberrypi.org |date= 16 July 2012 |access-date= 16 July 2012 |archive-date= 19 July 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120719082250/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1588 |url-status= dead }}</ref>
* 24 August 2012 – Hardware accelerated video (H.264) encoding becomes available after it became known that the existing licence also covered encoding. Formerly it was thought that encoding would be added with the release of the announced camera module.<!--it=Pi+Cam or only separate Cam module?--><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=2886 |publisher=raspberrypi.org |title=Hardware-assisted H.264 video encoding |date=7 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jurczak |first=Paul |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=6120 |title=Raspberry Pi camera module |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |access-date=15 October 2012}}</ref> However, no stable software exists for hardware H.264 encoding.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/3936/what-speed-can-i-expect-from-the-hardware-h264-encoding|title=performance – What speed can I expect from the hardware-H264-encoding?|website=Raspberry Pi Stack Exchange}}</ref> At the same time the Foundation released two additional codecs that can be bought separately, [[MPEG-2]] and Microsoft's [[VC-1]]. Also it was announced that the Pi will implement [[Consumer Electronics Control#CEC|CEC]], enabling it to be controlled with the television's remote control.<ref name="rpi-codec">{{cite web
 |title     = New video features! MPEG-2 and VC-1 decode, H.264 encode, CEC
 |publisher     = Raspberry Pi Foundation
 |url     = https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839
 |access-date     = 26 August 2012
 |archive-date     = 25 August 2012
 |archive-url     = https://web.archive.org/web/20120825201206/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1839
 |url-status     = dead
 }}</ref>
* 5 September 2012 – The Foundation announced a second revision of the Raspberry Pi Model B.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |title= Upcoming board revision |publisher= Raspberrypi.org |date= 6 September 2012 |access-date= 5 September 2012 |archive-date= 7 September 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120907204413/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |url-status= dead }}</ref> A revision 2.0 board is announced, with a number of minor corrections and improvements.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |title=board revision for rev 2.0 |publisher=Raspberrypi.org |date=5 September 2012 |access-date=15 October 2012 |archive-date=14 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014132801/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1929 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 6 September 2012 – Announcement that in future the bulk of Raspberry Pi units would be manufactured in the UK, at [[Company:Sony|Sony]]'s manufacturing facility in Pencoed, Wales. The Foundation estimated that the plant would produce 30,000 units per month, and would create about 30 new jobs.<ref name="computerworlduk dunn 2012">{{cite news|last=Dunn|first=John E|title=Raspberry Pi resurrects UK computer industry with new jobs|url=https://www.computerworlduk.com/news/open-source/3379912/raspberry-pi-resurrests-uk-computer-industry-with-new-jobs/|access-date=13 September 2012|newspaper=Computerworld UK|date=7 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1925 |title= Made in the UK! |publisher= Raspberrypi.org |date= 6 September 2012 |access-date= 6 September 2012 |archive-date= 7 September 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120907204251/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/1925 |url-status= dead }}</ref>
* 15 October 2012 – It is announced that new Raspberry Pi Model Bs are to be fitted with 512 MB instead of 256 MB RAM.<ref name="512 MB">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2180|title=Model B now ships with 512 MB of RAM|publisher=Raspberrypi.org|access-date=15 October 2012|archive-date=16 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016212754/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2180|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 24 October 2012 – The Foundation announces that "all of the VideoCore driver code which runs on the ARM" had been released as [[Free software|free software]] under a [[Software:BSD licenses|BSD-style licence]], making it "the first ARM-based multimedia [[System on a chip|SoC]] with {{Sic|hide=y|fully|-}}functional, vendor-provided (as opposed to partial, [[Reverse engineering|reverse engineered]]) fully [[Open-source software|open-source]] drivers", although this claim has not been universally accepted.<ref name="ARMuserland">{{cite web|title=Raspberry Pi maker says code for ARM chip is now open source|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/10/all-code-on-raspberry-pis-arm-chip-now-open-source/|work=Ars Technica|date=24 October 2012|access-date=3 November 2012}}</ref> On 28 February 2014, they also announced the release of full documentation for the VideoCore IV graphics core, and a complete source release of the graphics stack under a 3-clause BSD licence<ref name=2thbirthday/><ref name="openvideocore"/>
* October 2012 – It was reported that some customers of one of the two main distributors had been waiting more than six months for their orders. This was reported to be due to difficulties in sourcing the CPU and conservative sales forecasting by this distributor.<ref name="zdnet shead 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.zdnet.com/raspberry-pi-delivery-delays-leave-buyers-hungry-and-angry-7000005919/ |title=Raspberry Pi delivery delays leave buyers hungry (and angry) |publisher=[[ZDNet]] |date=18 October 2012 |access-date=18 October 2012 |author=Shead, Sam}}</ref>
* 17 December 2012 – The Foundation, in collaboration with IndieCity and Velocix, opens the Pi Store, as a "one-stop shop for all your Raspberry Pi (software) needs". Using an application included in Raspbian, users can browse through several categories and download what they want. Software can also be uploaded for moderation and release.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2768 |title=Introducing the Pi Store |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=17 December 2012 |access-date=12 February 2022 |archive-date=14 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140214054618/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/2768 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 3 June 2013 – "New Out of Box Software" or NOOBS is introduced. This makes the Raspberry Pi easier to use by simplifying the installation of an operating system. Instead of using specific software to prepare an SD card, a file is unzipped and the contents copied over to a FAT formatted (4 GB or bigger) SD card. That card can then be booted on the Raspberry Pi and a choice of six operating systems is presented for installation on the card. The system also contains a recovery partition that allows for the quick restoration of the installed OS, tools to modify the config.txt and an online help button and web browser which directs to the Raspberry Pi Forums.<ref name="noobs">{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/4100 |title=Introducing the New Out of Box Software (NOOBS) |publisher=RPF |date=3 June 2013 |access-date=4 June 2013 |author=Upton, Liz |archive-date=7 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607181611/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/4100 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* October 2013 – The Foundation announces that the one millionth Pi had been manufactured in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-24435809 |title=Baked in Britain, the millionth Raspberry Pi |work=BBC News |date=7 October 2013 |access-date=8 October 2013}}</ref>
* November 2013: they announce that the two millionth Pi shipped between 24 and 31 October.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/5265 |title=Two Million! |access-date=18 November 2013 |archive-date=17 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131117180334/http://www.raspberrypi.org/archives/5265 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 28 February 2014 – On the day of the second anniversary of the Raspberry Pi, Broadcom, together with the Raspberry Pi foundation, announced the release of full documentation for the VideoCore IV graphics core,{{clarify|date=May 2014}} and a complete source release of the graphics stack under a 3-clause BSD licence.<ref name=2thbirthday>
{{cite web
 |last1=Brodkin
 |first1=Jon
 |title=Raspberry Pi marks 2nd birthday with plan for open source graphics driver
 |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/02/raspberry-pi-marks-2nd-birthday-with-plan-for-open-source-graphics-driver/
 |website=[[Ars Technica]]
 |access-date=27 July 2014
 |date=28 February 2014
}}</ref><ref name="openvideocore">{{cite web
 |last1=Upton
 |first1=Eben
 |title=A birthday present from Broadcom
 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/a-birthday-present-from-broadcom/
 |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation
 |access-date=27 July 2014
 |date=28 February 2014
 |archive-date=27 July 2014
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727083800/http://www.raspberrypi.org/a-birthday-present-from-broadcom/
 |url-status=dead
 }}</ref>
{{Anchor|Compute module}}
[[File:Raspberry Pi Compute Module.png|thumb|Raspberry Pi Compute Module]]
[[File:Raspberry Pi Model B.JPG|thumb|Raspberry Pi Model B]]
[[File:CM 4 TOP DOWN ON WHITE.jpg|thumb|Compute Module 4]]
* 7 April 2014 – The official Raspberry Pi blog announced the Raspberry Pi Compute Module, a device in a 200-pin DDR2 SO-DIMM-configured memory module (though not in any way compatible with such RAM), intended for consumer electronics designers to use as the core of their own products.<ref name="CM-Announcement" />
* June 2014 – The official Raspberry Pi blog mentioned that the three millionth Pi shipped in early May 2014.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-at-buckingham-palace-3-million-sold/ |title=RASPBERRY PI AT BUCKINGHAM PALACE, 3 MILLION SOLD |access-date=22 June 2014 |archive-date=20 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140620051739/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-at-buckingham-palace-3-million-sold/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 14 July 2014 – The official Raspberry Pi blog announced the Raspberry Pi Model B+, "the final evolution of the original Raspberry Pi. For the same price as the original Raspberry Pi model B, but incorporating numerous small improvements people have been asking for".<ref name=B-Plus-Announcement />
* 10 November 2014 – The official Raspberry Pi blog announced the Raspberry Pi Model A+.<ref name="A-Plus-Announcement"/> It is the smallest and cheapest (US$20) Raspberry Pi so far and has the same processor and RAM as the Model A. Like the A, it has no Ethernet port, and only one USB port, but does have the other innovations of the B+, like lower power, micro-SD-card slot, and 40-pin HAT compatible GPIO.
* 2 February 2015 – The official Raspberry Pi blog announced the Raspberry Pi 2. Looking like a Model B+, it has a 900&nbsp;MHz quad-core ARMv7 Cortex-A7 CPU, twice the memory (for a total of 1 GB) and complete compatibility with the original generation of Raspberry Pis.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raspberry Pi 2 on sale now at $35 Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-2-on-sale |access-date=3 February 2015 |archive-date=2 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202104347/http://www.raspberrypi.org/raspberry-pi-2-on-sale/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 14 May 2015 – The price of Model B+ was decreased from US$35 to $25, purportedly as a "side effect of the production optimizations" from the Pi 2 development.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/price-cut-raspberry-pi-model-b-now-only-25/|title=Price cut! Raspberry Pi Model B+ now only $25|date=14 May 2015|access-date=19 May 2015|archive-date=20 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520133708/https://www.raspberrypi.org/price-cut-raspberry-pi-model-b-now-only-25/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Industry observers have sceptically noted, however, that the price drop appeared to be a direct response to the [[Engineering:CHIP (computer)|CHIP]], a lower-priced competitor discontinued in April 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.itpro.co.uk/desktop-hardware/24587/raspberry-pi-slashes-price-after-rival-launches-on-kickstarter|title=Raspberry Pi slashes price after rival launches on Kickstarter|date=18 May 2015|access-date=19 May 2015}}</ref>
* 29 September 2015 – A new version of the Raspbian operating system, based on Debian Jessie, is released.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Long |first1=Simon |title=Raspbian Jessie is here |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspbian-jessie-is-here/ |website=Raspberry Pi |access-date=14 November 2021 |date=29 September 2015}}</ref>
* 26 November 2015 – The Raspberry Pi Foundation launched the Raspberry Pi Zero, the smallest and cheapest member of the Raspberry Pi family yet, at 65&nbsp;mm × 30&nbsp;mm, and US$5. The Zero is similar to the Model A+ without camera and LCD connectors, while smaller and uses less power. It was given away with the Raspberry Pi magazine Magpi No. 40 that was distributed in the UK and US that day{{snd}} the MagPi was sold out at almost every retailer internationally due to the freebie.<ref name="Zero-Announcement"/>
* 29 February 2016 – Raspberry Pi 3 with a BCM2837 1.2&nbsp;GHz 64-bit quad processor based on the ARMv8 Cortex-A53, with built-in Wi-Fi BCM43438 802.11n 2.4&nbsp;GHz and Bluetooth 4.1 Low Energy (BLE). Starting with a 32-bit Raspbian version, with a 64-bit version later to come if "there is value in moving to 64-bit mode". In the same announcement it was said that a new BCM2837 based Compute Module was expected to be introduced a few months later.<ref name="Pi3OnSale"/>
* February 2016 – The Raspberry Pi Foundation announces that they had sold eight million devices (for all models combined), making it the best-selling UK personal computer, ahead of the [[Engineering:Amstrad PCW|Amstrad PCW]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/feb/29/raspberry-pi-3-launch-computer-uk-bestselling|title=Raspberry Pi 3: the credit card-sized 1.2 GHz PC that costs $35|first=Alex|last=Hern|work=The Guardian|date=29 February 2016}}</ref><ref name="Pi3OnSale"/> Sales reached ten million in September 2016.<ref name="1000x">{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/ten-millionth-raspberry-pi-new-kit/|title=Ten millionth Raspberry Pi, and a new kit – Raspberry Pi|date=8 September 2016|quote=we've beaten our wildest dreams by three orders of magnitude|access-date=9 September 2016}}</ref>
* 25 April 2016 – Raspberry Pi Camera v2.1 announced with 8 Mpixels, in normal and NoIR (can receive IR) versions. The camera uses the Sony IMX219 chip with a resolution of {{nowrap|3280 × 2464}}. To make use of the new resolution the software has to be updated.<ref>{{cite web|title=New 8-megapixel camera board on sale at $25 |date=25 April 2016<!-- published at UTC 2016-04-25 08:00:01 in time zone UTC+01 --> |access-date=6 May 2016 |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/new-8-megapixel-camera-board-sale-25/ |quote=both visible-light and infrared cameras based on the Sony IMX219 8-megapixel sensor, at the same low price of $25. They're available today from our partners RS Components and element14}}</ref>
* 10 October 2016 – NEC Display Solutions announces that select models of commercial displays to be released in early 2017 will incorporate a Raspberry Pi 3 Compute Module.<ref>{{cite web
| url  = https://www.nec-display-solutions.com/p/hq/en/news/dp/Products/Shared/News/2016/PressReleases/Company/RaspberryPi/RaspberryPi.xhtml
| title= NEC Display Solutions announces collaboration with Raspberry Pi
| date = 10 October 2016
| publisher = NEC
| access-date = 10 November 2016
}}</ref>
* 14 October 2016 – Raspberry Pi Foundation announces their co-operation with NEC Display Solutions. They expect that the Raspberry Pi 3 Compute Module will be available to the general public by the end of 2016.<ref>{{cite web
| url  = https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/compute-module-nec-display-near-you/
| title= The Compute Module – now in an NEC display near you
| last = Upton
| first= Eben
| date = 14 October 2016
| publisher = Raspberry Pi Foundation
| access-date = 10 November 2016
}}</ref>
* 25 November 2016 – 11 million units sold.<ref name="11 million">{{Citation
| url  = https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/issues/53/
| title= The Mag Pi Magazine issue 53, Page 10
| quote= On 25 November, it was confirmed that total sales of the Raspberry Pi have now topped 11 million.
| publisher = Raspberry Pi Foundation
}}</ref>
* 16 January 2017 – Compute Module 3 and Compute Module 3 Lite are launched.<ref name="Compute3">{{Citation
| url       = https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/compute-module-3-launch/
| title     = Compute Module 3 Launch
| date = 16 January 2017
| publisher = Raspberry Pi Foundation
}}</ref>
* 28 February 2017 – Raspberry Pi Zero W with WiFi and Bluetooth via chip scale antennas launched.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2017/02/new-10-raspberry-pi-zero-comes-with-wi-fi-and-bluetooth/|title=New $10 Raspberry Pi Zero comes with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth|website=arstechnica.com|date=28 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-zero-w-joins-family/|title=New product! Raspberry Pi Zero W joins the family |date=28 February 2017|publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation}}</ref>
* 17 August 2017 – The Raspbian operating system is upgraded to a new version, based on Debian Stretch.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Long |first1=Simon |title=Raspbian Stretch has arrived for Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspbian-stretch/ |website=Raspberry Pi |access-date=14 November 2021 |date=17 August 2017}}</ref>
* 14 March 2018 – On Pi Day, [[Organization:Raspberry Pi Foundation|Raspberry Pi Foundation]] introduced Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ with improvements in the Raspberry PI 3B computers performance, updated version of the Broadcom application processor, better wireless [[Wi-Fi]] and Bluetooth performance and addition of the 5&nbsp;GHz band.<ref>{{cite news |date= 14 March 2018|title=Raspberry PI 3B+ on sale now |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-model-bplus-sale-now-35// |access-date=21 March 2018 }}</ref>
* 15 November 2018 – Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+ launched.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/new-product-raspberry-pi-3-model-a/|title=New product: Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+ on sale now at $25 – Raspberry Pi|date=15 November 2018|work=Raspberry Pi|access-date=15 November 2018}}</ref>
* 28 January 2019 – Compute Module 3+ (CM3+/Lite, CM3+/8 GB, CM3+/16 GB and CM3+/32 GB) launched.<ref name="CM3+-Announcement" />
* 24 June 2019 – Raspberry Pi 4 Model B launched,<ref name="Pi4OnSale"/> along with a new version of the Raspbian operating system based on Debian Buster.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Long |first1=Simon |title=Buster – the new version of Raspbian |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/buster-the-new-version-of-raspbian/ |website=Raspberry Pi |date=25 June 2019}}</ref>
* 10 December 2019 – 30 million units sold;<ref>{{cite tweet |user=EbenUpton |number=1205646606504275968 |date=13 December 2019 |title=Raspberry Pi numbers get stale fast. We sold our thirty-millionth unit some time last week (we think Tuesday).}}</ref> sales are about 6 million per year.<ref>{{cite tweet |user=EbenUpton |number=1205641728713211904
 |date=13 December 2019 |title=Happy to make an introduction. And they do about six million @Raspberry_Pi units a year, so they definitely have scale.}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet |user=EbenUpton |number=1205906969443393537
 |date=14 December 2019 |title=Yes. We don't get sales returns from our licensees until month end. At the end of November, we were at 29.8Mu, with a monthly run rate of 500–600ku. Thus, Tuesday.}}</ref>
* 28 May 2020 – An 8GB version of the Raspberry Pi 4 is announced for $75.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/8gb-raspberry-pi-4-on-sale-now-at-75/|title=8GB Raspberry Pi 4 on sale now at $75 – Raspberry Pi|date=28 May 2020|work=Raspberry Pi|access-date=28 May 2020}}</ref> Raspberry Pi OS is split off from Raspbian, and now includes a beta of a 64-bit version that allows programs to use more than 4GB of RAM.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Piltch |first1=Avram |title=Raspberry Pi OS: Why It's No Longer Called 'Raspbian' |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/raspberry-pi-os-no-longer-raspbian |access-date=14 November 2021 |work=Tom's Hardware |date=30 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* 19 October 2020 – Compute Module 4 launched.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-compute-module-4/|title=Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 on sale now from $25 – Raspberry Pi|date=19 October 2020|work=Raspberry Pi|access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
* 2 November 2020 – Raspberry Pi 400 launched. It is a keyboard which incorporates Raspberry Pi 4 into it. GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi 4 are accessible.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-400/|title=Buy a Raspberry Pi 400 Personal Computer Kit|first=The Raspberry Pi|last=Foundation|website=Raspberry Pi}}</ref>
* 21 January 2021 – Raspberry Pi Pico launched. It is the first microcontroller-class product from Raspberry Pi. It is based on RP2040 Microcontroller developed by Raspberry Pi.<ref name=":1" />
* 11 May 2021 – 40 million units sold.<ref name="40 million">{{Citation
| url  = https://twitter.com/chrisfleck/status/1392224692862427138
| title= Chris Fleck and Eben Upton on Twitter
| quote= Great call with @EbenUpton today. Congrats on 40 Million #RaspberryPi sold! 
| publisher = Chris Fleck
}}</ref>
* 21 September 2021 – 42 million units sold.<ref name="42 million">
{{Citation
| url  = https://techcrunch.com/2021/09/21/raspberry-pi-gets-45m-to-meet-demand-for-low-cost-pcs-and-iot/
| title= Raspberry Pi gets $45M to meet demand for low-cost PCs and IoT
| quote= While, in total, the Pi Foundation also said it’s shipping over 42 million (Pi-powered) PCs to more than 100 countries. 
| publisher = TechCrunch / Natasha Lomas@riptari(twitter)
}}</ref>

* 30 October 2021 – Raspberry Pi OS (formerly Raspbian) is updated version 11, based on Debian Bullseye.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Long |first1=Simon |title=Bullseye – the new version of Raspberry Pi OS |url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-os-debian-bullseye/ |website=Raspberry Pi |access-date=14 November 2021 |date=8 November 2021}}</ref> With this release, the default clock speed for revision 1.4 of the Raspberry Pi 4 is increased to 1.8&nbsp;GHz.<ref name="1.8GHz" />
* 16 November 2021 – 43 million units sold.<ref name="43 million">
{{Citation
| url  = https://theindexproject.org/post/impact-stories-raspberry-pi
| title= Impact Stories: Raspberry Pi
| quote= With 43 million computers sold worldwide and 95% of its products exported outside the UK, the globe has grown fond of pocket-sized computers. 
| publisher = The Index Projewct / Ditte Fiil Ravn
}}</ref>
* 28 February 2022, exactly 10 years after the first shipment, 46 million units sold.<ref name="46 million">
{{Citation
| url  = https://www.theregister.com/2022/02/28/pi_at_10/
| title= One decade, 46 million units: Happy birthday, Raspberry Pi
| quote= Upton tells us that approximately 46 million units have been manufactured to date.  
| publisher = The Register / Richard Speed
}}</ref>

[[File:Raspberry Pi Cumulative Shipment Units.png|thumb|280px|alt=Raspberry Pi Cumulative Shipment Units (mil)|Raspberry Pi Cumulative Shipment Units (mil)]]

== Sales ==
According to the Raspberry Pi Foundation, more than 5 million Raspberry Pis were sold by February 2015, making it the best-selling British computer.<ref name=bestseller>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/feb/18/raspberry-pi-becomes-best-selling-british-computer|title=Raspberry Pi becomes best selling British computer|date=18 February 2015|first=Samuel|last=Gibbs|work=The Guardian|access-date=28 December 2016}}</ref> By November 2016 they had sold 11 million units,<ref name="11 million" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/ten-millionth-raspberry-pi-new-kit/|title=Ten millionth Raspberry Pi, and a new kit – Raspberry Pi|date=8 September 2016|newspaper=Raspberry Pi|access-date=1 February 2017}}</ref> and 12.5 million by March 2017, making it the third best-selling "general purpose computer".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/3/17/14962170/raspberry-pi-sales-12-5-million-five-years-beats-commodore-64|title=Raspberry Pi sold over 12.5 million boards in five years|work=The Verge|access-date=27 September 2017}}</ref> In July 2017, sales reached nearly 15 million,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://betanews.com/2017/07/19/raspberry-pi-eben-upton-qa/|title=Raspberry Pi founder Eben Upton talks sales numbers, proudest moments, community projects, and Raspberry Pi 4 [Q&A]|website=Betanews.com|access-date=9 November 2017}}</ref> climbing to 19 million in March 2018.<ref name="RapsberryPi3B+Release">{{cite news |last=Upton |first=Eben |url=https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-3-model-bplus-sale-now-35/ |title=Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ on Sale at $35 |work=Raspberry Pi Blog |publisher=Raspberry Pi Foundation |date=14 March 2018 |access-date=4 May 2018 }}</ref> By December 2019, a total of 30 million devices had been sold.<ref name=thirtymillion>{{cite tweet|number=1205646606504275968|user=EbenUpton|title=@lisn92 @bateskecom @arturo182 @Raspberry_Pi Raspberry Pi numbers get stale fast. We sold our thirty-millionth unit…<!-- full text of tweet that Twitter returned to the bot (excluding links) added by TweetCiteBot. This may be better truncated or may need expanding (TW limits responses to 140 characters) or case changes. --> |access-date=26 February 2020|date=14 December 2019}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=March 2020}}

== Supply difficulties ==
In 2021 and continuing through 2022, there are significant availability issues and Raspberry Pi products are difficult to obtain.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/raspberry-pi-why-they-are-so-hard-to-buy-right-now-and-what-you-can-do-about-it/ | title=Raspberry Pi: Why they are so hard to buy right now, and what you can do about it | website=[[ZDNet]] }}</ref>  The company explained its approach to the shortages in 2021
<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/supply-chain-shortages-and-our-first-ever-price-increase/ | title=Supply chain, shortages, and our first-ever price increase | date=20 October 2021 }}</ref> and April 2022,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/production-and-supply-chain-update/ | title=Production and supply-chain update | date=4 April 2022 }}</ref> explaining that it was prioritising business and industrial customers; however major distributors are showing lead times in excess of 12 months on all products.<!--Farnell showing 2023-07-31 earliest, checked 2022-07-25-->

The situation is sufficiently long term that at least one automated stock checker is online.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://rpilocator.com/about.cfm | title=Rpilocator }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Engineering:Single-board computer|Single-board computer]]
* [[Plug computer]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* ''Raspberry Pi For Dummies''; Sean McManus and Mike Cook; 2013; {{ISBN|978-1118554210}}.
* ''Getting Started with Raspberry Pi''; Matt Richardson and Shawn Wallace; 2013; {{ISBN|978-1449344214}}.
* ''Raspberry Pi User Guide''; Eben Upton and Gareth Halfacree; 2014; {{ISBN|978-1118921661}}.
* ''Hello Raspberry Pi!''; Ryan Heitz; 2016; {{ISBN|978-1617292453}}.

== External links ==

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* [https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/projects/raspberrypi/ Raspberry Pi, Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge]
* [https://elinux.org/RaspberryPiBoard Raspberry Pi Wiki, supported by the RPF]
* [https://magpi.raspberrypi.org/ ''The MagPi Magazine'']
* [https://www.panu.it/raspberry/ "Raspberry Pi pinout"]{{snd}} board GPIO pinout
* [https://raspmap.everpi.net "Raspberry Pi component map"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607084123/https://raspmap.everpi.net/ |date=7 June 2019 }}
* [https://elinux.org/RaspberryPi_Boards "RaspberryPi Boards: Hardware versions/revisions"]
* [https://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0301h/DDI0301H_arm1176jzfs_r0p7_trm.pdf ''ARM1176JZF-S (ARM11 CPU Core) Technical Reference Manual''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619185015/http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.ddi0301h/DDI0301H_arm1176jzfs_r0p7_trm.pdf |date=19 June 2020 }}, ARM Ltd.

{{Single-board computer}}
{{Linux devices}}

[[Category:ARM architecture]]
[[Category:Single-board computers]]

{{Sourceattribution|Raspberry Pi|1}}