View source for Engineering:Reality Coprocessor

[[File:N64rcp.png|thumb|Casing of the Reality Coprocessor chip]]
'''Reality [[Coprocessor]]''' (RCP) is one of the [[Engineering:Nintendo 64|Nintendo 64]]'s two main chips, alongside the [[Company:NEC|NEC]] VR4300, a derivative of the [[Company:MIPS Technologies|MIPS]] [[R4200]]. The RCP was developed by [[Company:Silicon Graphics|Silicon Graphics]] for Nintendo, specifically for the Nintendo 64 video game console.

The RCP consists of two main components: the Reality Signal Processor (RSP) and the Reality Display Processor (RDP).

==Reality Signal Processor==
The RSP is a [[Vector processor|vector processor]] designed for high performance [[3D computer graphics|3D]] calculations. It handles some audio and most video pre-processing of the Nintendo 64. Its capabilities include real-time edge [[Spatial anti-aliasing|anti-aliasing]], automatic load-management, [[Texture mapping|texture mapping]], and real-time depth buffering. The RSP has access to 4&nbsp;KB of DMEM (Data Memory) and executes instructions contained within its 4&nbsp;KB of IMEM (Instruction Memory), allowing 1024 instructions to be stored at any given time. These instructions are collectively referred to as microcode. Microcode may be designed to perform specific tasks such as lighting calculations or RDP display list processing. The RSP is able to transfer data to and from main memory and DMEM/IMEM using DMA.

==Reality Display Processor==
The RDP is programmed by the use of display lists. A display list contains a series of commands, each of variable size, which give instructions to the RDP and control its operating state. The RDP is capable of rendering shaded, textured, and depth buffered geometry to an arbitrary frame buffer in main memory.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/patents?id=ia8IAAAAEBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=6239810&hl=en&sa=X&ei=T4jBT-v6GePC0QWv87i-Cg&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAA|title=Patent US6239810 - High performance low cost video game system with coprocessor providing high ... |publisher=Google Patents | date=May 29, 2001 | accessdate=January 5, 2014}}</ref> The RDP contains 4&nbsp;KB of on-chip TMEM (texture memory) in which the RDP can reference up to eight textures (so-called "tiles") at any given time. The size of the available texture memory may be reduced further if using texture lookup tables (TLUT), since the high 2&nbsp;KB will be used to store the lookup tables.

==See also==
*[[Engineering:Nintendo 64 technical specifications|Nintendo 64 technical specifications]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Rcp (Chip)}}
[[Category:Coprocessors]]
[[Category:Graphics chips]]
[[Category:SGI graphics]]

{{Sourceattribution|Reality Coprocessor|1}}