View source for Engineering:Timeline of hypertext technology

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This article presents a '''[[Physics:Chronology|timeline]] of [[Hypertext|hypertext]] technology''', including "[[Hypermedia|hypermedia]]" and related human–computer interaction projects and developments from ancient times and up to the present day. The term ''hypertext'' is credited to the author and philosopher Ted Nelson.

See also [[Graphical user interface]], [[Engineering:Multimedia|Multimedia]]; also Paul Otlet and [[Biography:Henri La Fontaine|Henri La Fontaine]]'s [[Mundaneum]], a massively cross-referenced card index system established in 1910.

==700 BCE–600 CE==
* 700 BCE–300 CE
** [[Biology:Ramayana|Ramayana]]

* 300 BCE–400 CE
** [[Religion:Mahabharata|Mahabharata]]

* 300–600 CE
** Talmud

==1930s==
* 1939
** [[Biography:James Joyce|James Joyce]]'s "Finnegans Wake"

==1940s==
* 1941
** [[Biography:Jorge Luis Borges|Jorge Luis Borges]]' "The Garden of Forking Paths"
* 1945
** [[Memex]] (concept by [[Biography:Vannevar Bush|Vannevar Bush]])

==1960s==
* 1960
** [[Project Xanadu]] (concept)
* 1962
** [[Biography:Marshall McLuhan|Marshall McLuhan]]'s ''[[Social:The Gutenberg Galaxy|The Gutenberg Galaxy]]'' uses the term ''surfing''
* 1967
** [[Hypertext Editing System]] (HES) by [[Biography:Andries van Dam|Andries van Dam]] and Ted Nelson at [[Organization:Brown University|Brown University]]
* 1968
** [[File Retrieval and Editing System|FRESS]] (File Retrieval and Editing System, successor to HES)
** [[Engineering:NLS (computer system)|NLS]] (oN-Line System)

==1970s==
* 1972
** [[ZOG (hypertext)|ZOG]]
* 1973
** [[Engineering:Xerox Alto|Xerox Alto desktop]]
* 1976
** [[Medicine:Problem-Oriented Medical Information System|PROMIS]]
* 1978
** [[Aspen Movie Map]]
* 1979
** [[Engineering:PERQ|PERQ]]

==1980s==
* 1980
** [[ENQUIRE]] (not released)
* 1981
** [[Electronic Document System]] (EDS, aka Document Presentation System)
** [[Biography:Wes Kussmaul|Kussmaul Encyclopedia]]
** [[Engineering:Xerox Star|Xerox Star desktop]]
* 1982
** [[Guide (hypertext)|Guide]]
* 1983
** [[KMS (hypertext)|Knowledge Management System]] (KMS, successor to ZOG)
** [[The Interactive Encyclopedia System|TIES]] (The Interactive Encyclopedia System, later HyperTies)
* 1984
** [[NoteCards]]
* 1985
** [[Intermedia (hypertext)|Intermedia]] (successor to FRESS and EDS)
** [[Symbolics Document Examiner]] (Symbolics [[Workstation|workstation]]s)
** [[Academic American Encyclopedia#Electronic version|Grolier Academic American Encyclopedia CD-ROM Edition]]
* 1986
** [[Software:Texinfo|Texinfo]]
** TextNet (a network-based approach to text handling)
** Neptune (a hypertext system for CAD applications)
* 1987
** [[Software:Adobe Authorware|Macromedia Authorware]]
** [[Engineering:Canon Cat|Canon Cat]] ("Leap" function, interface)
** [[Software:HyperCard|HyperCard]]
** [[Engineering:Knowledge Navigator|Knowledge Navigator]] (concept described by former [[Company:Apple Inc.|Apple Computer]] CEO John Sculley in his book ''Odyssey'')
** [[Software:Storyspace|Storyspace]]
* 1988
** Microcosm (hypermedia system) ([[Organization:University of Southampton|University of Southampton]])
* 1989
** [[Software:Adobe Director|Macromedia Director]]
** [http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html Information Management: a proposal], [[Biography:Tim Berners-Lee|Tim Berners-Lee]], [[Organization:CERN|CERN]]

==1990s==
* 1990
** DynaText
** [[World Wide Web]]
** ''[[Hyperland]]'' (BBC documentary written by [[Biography:Douglas Adams|Douglas Adams]])
** [[Software:ToolBook|ToolBook]]
** HyTelnet
** [[Software:WinHelp|WinHelp]]
* 1991
** [[Gopher (protocol)|Gopher]]
** [[AmigaGuide]]
* 1995
** [[Wiki]]
* 1996
** Hyperwire (Kinetix)
* 1998
** [[Everything2]]
** [[XML]]
* 1999
** [[RSS]]

==2000s==
* 2001
** [[Wikipedia]]
* 2005
** [[Atom (web standard)]]
* 2014
** OpenXanadu, an implementation of Project Xanadu
* 2019
** [[Gemini (protocol)|Gemini]], a lightweight complement to the Web
{{Hypermedia}}
{{Timelines of computing}}

[[Category:Computing timelines|Hypertext]]
[[Category:Hypertext]]

es:Hipertexto#Historia

{{Sourceattribution|Timeline of hypertext technology}}