View source for Engineering:Z-drive

{{short description|Steerable marine drive system}}
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Z-Tug Spinning.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Engineering:Tugboat|tugboat]] demonstrating Z-drive maneuverability]] -->
[[File:Z-Drive side view.PNG|thumb|right|220px|[[Engineering:Azimuth thruster|Azimuth thruster]]]]
A '''Z-drive''' is a type of [[Engineering:Marine propulsion|marine propulsion]] unit. Specifically, it is an [[Engineering:Azimuth thruster|azimuth thruster]]. The pod can rotate 360 degrees allowing for rapid changes in thrust direction and thus vessel direction. This eliminates the need for a conventional [[Engineering:Rudder|rudder]].

The Z-drive is so named because of the appearance (in [[Cross section (geometry)|cross section]]) of the mechanical driveshaft or [[Engineering:Transmission (mechanics)|transmission]] configuration used to connect the mechanically supplied driving energy to the Z-drive azimuth thruster device. This form of power transmission is called a Z-drive because the rotary motion has to make two right angle turns, thus resembling the letter "Z". This name is used to differentiate the arrangement of drive to that of the [[Engineering:L-drive|L-drive]]. It does not refer to an electric motor in a rotating pod.

The device is different from the Voith-Schneider marine propulsion system (also mechanically linked), which can also quickly change the direction of thrust, as the Z-drive uses a shrouded conventional [[Engineering:Screw|screw]] that pivots or rotates the propeller, unlike the variable-geometry blades of the Voith-Schneider.
[[File:Z-drive on Ile de Bréhat.jpg | thumb | 220x124px | right]]

==Origins==
The Z-drive transmission was invented in 1950 by Joseph Becker, the founder of Schottel, and used in the first azimuth thrusters built by [[Company:Schottel|Schottel GmbH]] in Germany in the 1960s under the ''Schottel'' brand name and referred to as RudderPropeller ever since. Joseph Becker was awarded the Elmer A. Sperry Award for this invention as a major contribution to the improvement of transportation worldwide. 

==Types==
*Counter-rotating
*Integrally installed/hull installation
*Deck mounted outboard
*Retractable<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.veth-motoren.com/vervolg.php?pagina_id=102
|title=Retractable
|website=Veth Propulsion
|archivedate=2012-02-22
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222185806/http://www.veth-motoren.com/vervolg.php?pagina_id=102
}}</ref>

==Applications==
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Platform supply vessel}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Passenger ship}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Patrol boat}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Ferry}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Fishing trawler}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Cargo ship}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Yacht}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Tugboat}}

==See also==
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Saildrive}}, a Z-drive with fixed azimuth, for sailboats
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Propulsor}}
* {{annotated link|Physics:Cyclorotor|Voith Schneider propeller}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:L-drive}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Ducted propeller}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Sterndrive}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Propulsion}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.flowserve.com/vgnfiles/Files/Literature/ProductLiterature/Pumps/pss-90-8.1-e.pdf Pleuger L- and Z-drive]
*[http://www.schottel.de/marine-propulsion/srp-rudderpropeller/Schottel RudderPropeller]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Z-Drive}}
[[Category:Marine propulsion]]

{{Sourceattribution|Z-drive}}