View source for HandWiki:Help/Citations

{{sidebar box|[[HandWiki:Help|Table of contents]]}}

== Citation policy ==

A HandWiki article should contain useful information and have '''at least one reference to an external source''' that supports the content of this research information. The external sources can be journal articles, preprints, [https://arxiv.org/ arxiv.org], [https://www.preprints.org/ preprints.org] (or similar), verifiable web pages and other. However, such articles should not be advertisements for any product, company or service. 

An article without a single external reference will contain box:

{{Unreferenced|date=2021}}

which will be added automatically (or by humans) at the very end of articles.  In the case if an article uses only URL for external sources, but not a proper citation (to be described below), then you will see a box like this:

{{Cleanup bare URLs | date=2021}}

== Adding citations in HandWiki == 

To create a simple reference in the form of URL, use <code><nowiki><ref></ref></nowiki></code> as follows
::<code>Bizco was founded in 1942.{{xt|&lt;ref&gt;<nowiki>Offcial web site [https://www.nytimes.com/bizco]</nowiki>&lt;/ref&gt;}}</code>

The reference to external site <nowiki>"Offcial web site [https://www.nytimes.com/bizco]"</nowiki> will be added to the end of the article.

In order to make your citations more visible, add these lines at the very end of your article:

<jcode>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
</jcode>

Below we describe how to create the standard  Mediawiki references and references that are more specific to HandWiki.

=== Wiki-style citations  ===

HandWiki uses the standard Mediawiki/Wikipedia styles for references. You can find the full description in this article [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Cite How to cite articles or books in Mediawiki]. For example, to make this <ref>This is my first Mediawiki citation</ref> citation, program it as:

<jcode>
<ref>
This is my first Mediawiki citation
</ref>
</jcode>

Or you can use this style <ref name=test>Repeated citation</ref>, so you can repeat it again  <ref name=test/>. Such repetitions in references looks should be coded as:

<jcode>
Or you can use this style <ref name=test>Repeated citation</ref>, 
so you can repeat it again  later as  <ref name=test/>.
</jcode>

Citations can be quite complex. This is how you can reference web resource <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gap-system.org/Download/copyright.html |title=GAP Copyright |date=2012-06-14 |accessdate=2015-02-26}}</ref>

<jcode>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gap-system.org/Download/copyright.html | title=GAP Copyright |date=2012-06-14 |accessdate=2015-02-26}}</ref>
</jcode>

And this is how to cite a journal article {{Cite journal |first=B. D. |last=McCullough | title=Econometric software  |journal=<wipe>Journal of Applied Econometrics</wipe> |year=1999 |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=191–202 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1255)}}. It should be programmed as this:

<jcode>
<ref>{{Cite journal |first=B. D. |last=McCullough | title=Econometric software  | journal=<wipe>Journal of Applied Econometrics</wipe> |year=1999 |volume=14 | issue=2 |pages=191–202 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1255</ref>
</jcode>

Here is an example of a book reference <ref>{{cite book |first=Marius |last=Ooms |chapter=Trends in Applied Econometrics Software  |title=Palgrave Handbook of Econometrics  |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4039-1800-0 |pages=1321–1348 }}</ref>. This book is cited as this:

<jcode>
<ref>{{cite book |first=Marius |last=Ooms |chapter=Trends in Applied Econometrics Software  |title=Palgrave Handbook of Econometrics  |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4039-1800-0 |pages=1321–1348 }}</ref>
</jcode>

Here is how to cite news <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.schoolofmotion.com/blog/illustrator-vs-affinity|title=Why I Use Affinity Designer |work=School of Motion|access-date=2018-08-06}}</ref>

<jcode>
<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.schoolofmotion.com/blog/| title=Why I Use Affinity Designer | work=School of Motion|access-date=2018-08-06}}</ref>
</jcode>

You can also cite an arXiv article <ref>{{cite arXiv |last=Leinster |first=Tom |date=2007 |title=The Euler characteristic of a category |eprint=0707.0835 |class=math.CT}}</ref>

<jcode>
<ref>
{{Cite arXiv |last=Leinster |first=Tom |date=2007 | title=The Euler characteristic of a category | eprint=0707.0835 |class=math.CT}}
</ref>
</jcode>

=== BibTeX citations  ===

Unlike Wikipedia, HandWiki handles citations from [[Software:BibTeX|BibTeX]] files.  
This is important  for researches since HandWiki articles can be converted to actual papers for journals or books using [[Software:LaTeX|LaTeX]]. 
This is explained in Section [[HandWiki:Help/LaTeX|conversion to LaTeX]].

You can use citation keys from the [https://handwiki.org/bib/ Citation Manager]. It is a database filled from uploaded BibTeX files. 
Here is an example where we cite the article two times using the key '''dong05bordereps''' enclosed by the tags '''bib''':

<jcode>
This is an article from a BibTex file <bib>dong05bordereps</bib>  and <bib>Aad:2010af</bib>. 
You can cite it again using the same key <ref name=dong05bordereps/>
</jcode>

This produces this sentence:

''This is an article from a BibTeX file <bib>dong05bordereps</bib> and <bib>Aad:2010af</bib>. You can cite it again using the same key s <ref name=dong05bordereps/>''

You can find all BibTeX citations and the keys in [https://handwiki.org/wiki/bib/ HandWiki BibTeX manager]. 
In order to insert an article or book entry to the BibTeX manager, first, you should prepare a BibTeX file (with the extension "bib").
To create citation entries inside [https://handwiki.org/bib Citation Database], you will need to upload a  [[Software:BibTeX|BibTeX]] file with your references. This can be done by registered HandWiki users from the [[Private:UploadBibTex|upload BibTeX file]] page. 

Note that you can cite multiple articles using a comma to separate the keys. Here is the sentence that cites several articles

<pre>
Example articles that use BibTeX files <bib>Aad:2010af,Belov:2007qg</bib>.
</pre>

This sentence looks like this: "Example articles that use BibTeX files <bib>Aad:2010af,Belov:2007qg</bib>". As you can see, we can group citation into the single "bib" tag.

If you will use the '''LaTeX Export''' command  from the top-right menu, you will see that the citations of this section will be converted correctly into the LaTeX. 

You can also use the internal Mediawiki citations as described below. However, they cannot be converted correctly to the LaTeX text.

If citation key is not found in the database, there will be a warning shown at the end of the article. Here is an example: Here is a test of wrong key <bib>wrong_key</bib>, programmed as:

<jcode>
Here is a test of wrong key <bib>wrong_key</bib>
</jcode>

=== arXiv.org citations  ===
HandWiki allows to cite articles from [[arXiv]] -  is a free distribution service and an open-access archive  in the fields of physics, mathematics, computer science etc. 
To do this, [https://handwiki.org/bib Citation Database] should be filled from  [https://arxiv.org/ arXiv.org]. You need to  know the ID of the article
from arXiv.org. See [[Private:UploadBibTex|the description]] for more detail (available for the registered users).

== Finding book sources ==

Check  [[HandWiki:Book_sources| this list of book sources]] or [[Special:BookSources| this ISBN search]] 
that help find book citations for HandWiki articles.

==References==
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:HandWiki help]]