View source for Module:Cite taxon

require('strict')

local p = {}
local data = {}         
local templateArgs = {}  -- contains arguments passed to cite web
local target = {}        -- short cut to target table, e.g. fishbase, cof, etc

local function firstToUpper(str)
    return (str:gsub("^%l", string.upper))
end
-- define citation template and custom parameters for various sources

--####################### Default functions ##########################
data.default = {}
-- currently being tested on Avibase, but Fossilworks, Tropicos, FNA and a few others are candidates
data.default.id = function (id, source)
	local title = id
	local url = source.customArgs['baseURL'] .. (source.customArgs['searchStr'] or "") .. id
	return title, url
end
data.default.error = function()
	return "Minimal requirement is two of id, url and title parameters"
end
data.default.search = function (search, source)
	local title = "Search for " .. search
	local url = source.customArgs['baseURL'] .. source.customArgs['searchString'] .. search .. source.customArgs['searchSuffix'] 
	return title, url
end

--[[ handling for ID only (unused, original concept) 
p.genericIdCitation = function(frame, title, url)

    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
 
    templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id']
    
    return p.citeWeb(frame, title, url)
end]]
--####################### FISH #####################################
--======================== Fishbase =================================
data.fishbase = {
	citationArgs = {
	['editor1-last']="Froese",  ['editor1-first']="Rainer", ['editor1-link']="Rainer Froese",
	['editor2-last']="Pauly",  ['editor2-first']="Daniel",  ['editor2-link']="Daniel Pauly",
	--['last-author-amp'] ="yes",
    ['website'] = "[[FishBase]]",
	--['publisher'] = ""
	},
	customArgs = { exclude= "order, family,genus, species, subspecies, 1, 2, 3, 4, month",
	               baseURL = "http://www.fishbase.org/",
	               defaultTitle = "Search FishBase"
	},
}
data.fishbase.species = function(genus, species, subspecies)
		data.fishbase.version()
		local title = genus .. " " .. species
		local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] 
		            .. "summary/SpeciesSummary.php?genusname=" .. genus .. "&speciesname=" .. species
		if subspecies then 
			url = url .. "+" .. subspecies
			title = title .. " " .. subspecies
		end               
		title =  "''" .. title  .. "''"
		return title, url
end
data.fishbase.genus = function(genus)
		data.fishbase.version()
		local title = "Species in genus ''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. "''"
		local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  "identification/SpeciesList.php?genus=" .. genus   
		return title, url
end
data.fishbase.order = function(order) 
		data.fishbase.version()
		local title =  "Order " .. firstToUpper(order)
		local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  "summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=" .. order
		return title, url
end
data.fishbase.family = function(family) 
		-- family names no longer redirecting
		-- must use code https://www.fishbase.org/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=412
		local families = {
			{ "Acanthuridae", 412 },
			{ "Percidae", 306 }
		}
		local familyID = 0 
		for k,v in pairs(families) do                 
    		if v[1] == family then familyID = v[2] end
    	end


		data.fishbase.version()
		local title = "Family " .. firstToUpper(family)
		local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  "summary/FamilySummary.php?family=" .. family
		--local url = data.fishbase.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  "summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=" .. familyID
		return title, url
end
data.fishbase.error = function()   
	return "No recognised taxon options: order, family, genus, species, subspecies."
end
data.fishbase.version = function()    
    local defaultDate = false
    if defaultDate then                                           -- default month and year as original template (now not used)
	    local month = templateArgs['month']  or "April"               -- default month            
	    local year = templateArgs['year']    or "2006"                -- default year
	    --if isnumber(tostring(month)))
	    templateArgs['version'] = month .. " " .. year .. " version" 
	    templateArgs['year'] =year                                    -- old template gave redundant version and year      
    else                                                         --But defaulting the date to April 2006 invites errors and isn't helpful
	    local month = templateArgs['month']                -- no default month            
	    local year = templateArgs['year']
	    if month and year then
	        if tonumber(month) then 
	        	local months = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" }
	        	month = months[tonumber(month)]  -- convert digital month to month name
	        end
	    	templateArgs['version'] = month .. " " .. year .. " version"   -- set version if month and year provided
	    	templateArgs['year'] = nil                                                                     -- don't use year as well as version
	        templateArgs['month'] = nil
        end
    end
end
--[[ ================================ Catalog of Fishes ================================================
   Note: sequence of authors changed in Sept 2018, 
        4 Sept 2018:  Eschmeyer, W. N. and R. Fricke, and R. van der Laan (eds).  CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES, REFERENCES. 
        				(http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp). Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2018. [This version was edited by Bill Eschmeyer.]
        26 Sept 2018: Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & R. van der Laan (eds) 2018.  CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES, REFERENCES. 
						(http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp). Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2018.
--]]
data.cof = {
	citationArgs = {
		--baseURL = "http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?",
		['editor2-last']="Eschmeyer",  ['editor2-first']="William N.", ['editor2-link']="William N. Eschmeyer",
		['editor1-last']="Fricke",  ['editor1-first']="Ron",   
		['editor3-last']="van der Laan",  ['editor3-first']="Richard", 
		['name-list-style'] ="amp",
	    ['website'] = "[[Catalog of Fishes]]",
		['publisher'] = "[[California Academy of Sciences]]"
	},
	customArgs = { exclude= "family,genus,species,genid,spid,id,list,1,2,3",
	               baseURL = "http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?",
	               defaultTitle = "CAS - Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes"
	}
}
data.cof.species = function(genus, species, subspecies)
		data.cof.checkDate()
		local taxon = genus .. " " .. species
	    local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] ..  'tbl=species&genus=' .. genus .. '&species=' .. species
	    local title = "Species related to " .. "''" .. firstToUpper(taxon) .. "''"        -- .. "" species synonyms"
	    return title, url
end
data.cof.genus  = function(genus)
	    data.cof.checkDate()
	    local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'tbl=species&genus=' .. genus
	    local title = "Species in the genus ''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. "''" 
	    return title, url
end
       -- note the family works with subfamilies using &family=SUBFAMILY
data.cof.family  = function(family)
		data.cof.checkDate()
	    local list = templateArgs['list'] or "genus"
	    local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. 'tbl=' .. list .. '&family=' .. family
        local title = "Species"
        if list == "genus" then  title = "Genera" end 
        title = title .. ' in the family ' .. firstToUpper(family)  
        return title, url
end
data.cof.genid = function(genid)
   	    data.cof.checkDate()
   	    local searchStr =  "genid" .. '=' .. genid
        local title =  searchStr
        local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr
        return title, url
end
data.cof.spid = function(spid)
   	    data.cof.checkDate()
   	    local searchStr =  "spid" .. '=' .. spid
        local title =  searchStr
        local url = data.cof.customArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr
        return title, url
end
data.cof.checkDate = function ()
	local accessDate = templateArgs['access-date'] or templateArgs['accessdate']
	local Date = require('Module:Date')._Date
	local date = Date(accessDate)
	if date and date < Date('5 September 2018') then      -- switch author order for accessdates before 5 Sept 2018
		data.cof.citationArgs['editor1-last']="Eschmeyer"
		data.cof.citationArgs['editor1-first']="William N."
		data.cof.citationArgs['editor1-link']="William N. Eschmeyer"
		data.cof.citationArgs['editor2-last']="Fricke"
		data.cof.citationArgs['editor2-first']="Ron"
		data.cof.citationArgs['editor2-link']=nil
    end
end
data.cof.error = function()
    	return "Error. No recognised option set by template (need one of family, genus, species (also requires genus), spid, or genid"
end
--======================Fishes of the World 5===============================	
data.fotw5 = {
	citeTemplate = "Cite book",
	citationArgs = {
	    --['website'] = "[[]]",
		first1 = "Joseph S.", last1 = "Nelson",
		first2="Terry C.", last2="Grande",
		first3="Mark V. H.", last3="Wilson", 
		--work = "Fishes of the World (work)",
		title = "Fishes of the World", edition="5th", year = 2016,
		publisher ="John Wiley and Sons", location="Hoboken",
		isbn = "978-1-118-34233-6", doi="10.1002/9781119174844" ,
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="gb-page,q,dq,1",
	              baseURL = "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119174844", -- online library
	              defaultTitle = "Fishes of the World",
	              altTitle = "[[Fishes of the World]]",               -- wikilinked for when using chapter/section title
	              altURL = "https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/",  -- classification
	},
	GoogleBooks = { baseURL = "https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=",
		            id = "E-MLDAAAQBAJ",
		            defaultPage = "&pg=PP1"
	}
}
data.fotw5.default2 = function(targs)
     local title = data.fotw5.citationArgs['work']
     local url = data.fotw5.customArgs['baseURL']
     local chapterParams =  { title      = title,
     	                    ['chapter-url']= data.fotw5.customArgs['googleBooks']
     }
     --return title, url, chapterParams
end


data.BentonVP4 = {
	citeTemplate = "Cite book",
	citationArgs = {
		first1 = "Michael J.", last1 = "Benton",
		title = "Vertebrate Palaeontology", edition="4th", year = 2014,
		publisher ="John Wiley & Sons", 
		isbn = "978-1-118-40764-6", 
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="gb-page,q,dq,1",
	              --baseURL = "",
	              defaultTitle = "Vertebrate Palaeontology",
	              altTitle = "[[Vertebrate Palaeontology]]"  -- wikilinked for when using chapter/section title
	},
	GoogleBooks = { baseURL = "https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=",
		            id = "qak-BAAAQBAJ",
		            defaultPage = "&pg=PP1",
	}
}


--====================TODO FishWisePro==================================================	
data.fishwisepro = {
	citationArgs = {
	    ['website'] = "[[FishWisePro]]",

	},
	customArgs = {exclude="family,genus,species,1",
	              baseURL = ""
	}
}

-- #################### AMPHIBIA and REPTILES ###############################
-- ================= Amphibian Species of the World (ASW6)
--[[Recommended citation: Frost, Darrel R. 2019. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 (Date of access). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
    URL for family page: http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Allophrynidae
           baseURL      = http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/
           suffix       = Amphibia/Anura/Allophrynidae
           note: needs the whole hierarchy (except the superfamily which is optional)
    Template for main taxonomic listing: {{BioRef|ASW6 |title=Amphibia |year=2019 |url=http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html |access-date=27 September 2019}}
    SEARCH http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/amphib/basic_search?basic_query=Atelopus&stree=&stree_id=
           searchSuffix = amphib/basic_search?basic_query=Atelopus&stree=&stree_id=
    SEARCH http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree=&subtree_id=&english_name=&author=&year=&country=
           searchSuffix = /content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree=&subtree_id=&english_name=&author=&year=&country=
           minimul      = /content/search?taxon=Allophryn*&subtree
    ]]
data.ASW6 ={
	citationArgs = {
		website  ="Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference.",
		version  = "Version 6.0",
		publisher = "American Museum of Natural History, New York",
		['last1']="Frost",  ['first1']="Darrel R.", ['author1-link']="Darrel R. Frost",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family, superfamily,1,2,3",
	               baseURL = "http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/",
	               defaultSuffix = "index.html",
	               defaultTitle = "ASW Home"  
	}
}

data.ASW6.species = function(genus, species, subspecies)

		-- search for genus+species  ()
	    local title = "Search for taxon: " .. "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
	
		 	--local search = ""?action=names&taxon="" -- old version (pre ASW6)
		 	--local search =  "amphib/basic_search?basic_query="  -- basic search
	 	local search = "content/search?taxon="              -- guided search for taxon name
		 	
		local url = data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. search  -- .. genus .. '+AND+' .. species
		 	            .. '&quot;' .. genus .. '+' .. species .. '&quot;'
		return title, url
end
data.ASW6.genus = function(genus)
	return data.ASW6.taxon(genus)  -- use genus as alias of taxon
end
data.ASW6.taxon = function(taxon)		
	    local title = "Search for Taxon: " .. taxon
	    local url= data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "content/search?taxon=" .. taxon
	    return title, url
end
data.ASW6.family = function(family) 
		local order = data.ASW6.checkOrder(family)
		local url= data.ASW6.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "Amphibia/" .. order .. "/" .. firstToUpper(family)
		local title = firstToUpper(family) 
		return title, url
end
data.ASW6.checkOrder = function(family)

	local gymnophiona={ "Caeciliidae", "Chikilidae", "Dermophiidae", "Herpelidae", "Ichthyophiidae", "Grandisoniidae", "Indotyphlidae", "Rhinatrematidae", "Scolecomorphidae", "Siphonopidae", "Typhlonectidae" }
    local caudata = { "Ambystomatidae", "Amphiumidae", "Cryptobranchidae", "Hynobiidae", "Plethodontidae", "Proteidae", "Rhyacotritonidae", "Salamandridae", "Sirenidae" }
   
    for k,v in pairs(caudata) do
    	if v == family then return "Caudata" end
    end
    for k,v in pairs(gymnophiona) do
    	if v == family then return "Gymnophiona" end
    end
    
    return "Anura"
end   

--============================= AmphibiaWeb ===================================
--[[   Citation: AmphibiaWeb. 2019. <https://amphibiaweb.org> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed 27 Sep 2019.
       Code:     {{BioRef|amphibiaweb |title=Amphibia |year=2019 |url=https://amphibiaweb.org/taxonomy/AW_FamilyPhylogeny.html |access-date=27 September 2019}}
--]]
data.amphibiaweb = {
	citationArgs = {
		website  = "AmphibiaWeb",
		publisher = "University of California, Berkeley",
		--['editor1-last']="",  ['editor1-first']="", ['editor1-link']="",
	},
    customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family,1,2,3",
	               baseURL = "https://amphibiaweb.org/",
	               defaultSuffix = "taxonomy/AW_FamilyPhylogeny.html",
	               defaultTitle = "AmphibiaWeb Family Taxonomy"
	}
}
data.amphibiaweb.species = function (genus, species, subspecies)
		local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
		 	--https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Altiphrynoides&where-species=malcolmi
		local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "cgi/amphib_query?rel-genus=equals&where-genus="
		 	                   .. genus .. "&rel-species=equals&where-species=" .. species
		return title, url
end
data.amphibiaweb.genus = function (genus)
		local title = "''" .. genus ..  "''"
		 	--https://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Altiphrynoides&where-species=malcolmi
		local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "cgi/amphib_query?rel-genus=equals&where-genus=" 
		 	                .. genus .. "&include_synonymies=Yes&show_photos=Yes"
		return title, url
end	
data.amphibiaweb.family = function (family)		-- if family use standardised url
		 local url = data.amphibiaweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "lists/" .. firstToUpper(templateArgs['family']) .. ".shtml"
		 local title = templateArgs['family']
		 return title, url
end
	


--=========================== The Reptile Database
data.reptileDB = {
	-- http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Epacrophis&species=boulengeri
	-- recommended citation: Uetz, P., Freed, P. & Hošek, J. (eds.) (2019) The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed [insert date here]
	-- newer: Uetz, P., Freed, P, Aguilar, R., Reyes, F., Kudera, J. & Hošek, J. (eds.) (2024) The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed [insert date here
	citationArgs = {
		--website="reptile-database.org",
		website="[[Reptile Database|The Reptile Database]]",
		['editor1-last']="Uetz",  ['editor1-first']="P.", --['editor1-link']="Peter Uetz",
		['editor2-last']="Freed",  ['editor2-first']="P.", 
		['editor3-last']="Hošek",  ['editor3-first']="J.", 
		--year=2019,
		['display-editors'] = 1 -- shows eds as Uetz et al as number of editors has increased and is date dependent
		
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "taxon,species,genus,family,1,2,3",
	               defaultURL = "http://reptile-database.org/",
	               baseURL = "http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/",
	               defaultTitle = "The Reptile Database"
	               
	}
}

data.reptileDB.species = function(genus, species)
	    data.reptileDB.getDate()
	    local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
	    --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Loxocemus&species=bicolor
		local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species?genus=" .. genus .. "&species=" .. species
		return  title, url
end
data.reptileDB.genus = function(genus)
	    data.reptileDB.getDate()
	    local title = "''" .. genus .. "''" 
	    --http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?genus=Malayopython&submit=Search
	    local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "advanced_search?genus=" .. genus .. "&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=search"
		return  title, url
end
data.reptileDB.family = function(family)
       return data.reptileDB.taxon(family)
end
data.reptileDB.order = function(order)
       return data.reptileDB.taxon(order)
end
data.reptileDB.taxon = function(taxon)
	    data.reptileDB.getDate()
	    local title = taxon
		--http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/advanced_search?taxon=Viperidae&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=Search
		local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "advanced_search?taxon=" .. taxon .. "&exact%5B0%5D=taxon&submit=search"
		return  title, url
end
data.reptileDB.getDate = function()
       if templateArgs['date'] and templateArgs['year'] then
       templateArgs['access-date'] =	templateArgs['date'] .. " " .. templateArgs['year']
       templateArgs['date'] = nil
	   templateArgs['year'] = nil
       end
end
data.reptileDB.default = function()
	local url = data.reptileDB.customArgs['defaultURL'] 
	local title = data.reptileDB.customArgs['defaultTitle'] 
	return  title, url
end	

   

--################################### BIRDS ########################################
--====================Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (HBW Alive)==============
data.HBWalive = {         
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[Handbook of the Birds of the World|Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive]]", 
		publisher="Lynx Edicions"
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://www.hbw.com/",
	               defaultSuffix = "family/home",
	               defaultTitle = "Family | HBW Alive"
	               
	}
}
--############################## HBW ALIVE #########################################
   -- family and species entries have mix of common name and taxon name so cannot be prempted; 
   -- must use title + url (which uses default functions in this module)
data.HBWalive.order = function(order)
    	local title = "Order " .. firstToUpper(order)
    	--https://www.hbw.com/order/struthioniformes
    	local url = target.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "order/" .. order
    	return title, url
end
 

--[[======================IOC World Bird List==========================
	        Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v9.2). doi :  10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2.
	        Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen  (Eds). 2020. IOC World Bird List (v10.2). doi :  10.14344/IOC.ML.10.1.
]]
data.IOC = {         
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[IOC World Bird List]]", 
	--	version="Version 9.2",                               -- shouldn't default; should be hardcode so it doesn't change
		['editor1-last']="Gill",  ['editor1-first']="Frank",  ['editor1-link']="Frank Gill (ornithologist)",
		['editor2-last']="Donsker",  ['editor2-first']="David",
		['editor3-last']="Rasmussen",  ['editor3-first']="Pamela C.", ['editor3-link']="Pamela C. Rasmussen", --  only shown from version 10.1 onwards 
	--	doi = "10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2",                          -- this changes by version number and is not a useful part of the citation
	--	publisher="International Ornithological Congress"  -- relationship confusing, see https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/history/
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://www.worldbirdnames.org/",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "IOC World Bird List: Welcome"
	               
	},
}
data.IOC.version = function()
	local version =  templateArgs['version'] 
	local old = false
	if version then
		version = string.gsub( version, "[Vv]ersion ", "")
     	local versionNumber = tonumber(version)
    	if versionNumber < 10.1 then
	    	old = true
		end
	else
		local Date = require('Module:Date')._Date
		if Date(templateArgs['access-date']) < Date('1 January 2020') then
			old = true
		end
	end
	
	if old then
	    	data.IOC.citationArgs['editor3-last'] = nil
		    data.IOC.citationArgs['editor3-first'] = nil
	end
end
data.IOC.order = function(order) 
	    data.IOC.version()
        local IOCorders = {Struthioniformes='ratites',Rheiformes='ratites',Apterygiformes='ratites',Casuariiformes='ratites',Tinamiformes='ratites',Galliformes='megapodes',Anseriformes='waterfowl',Caprimulgiformes='nightjars',Apodiformes='swifts',Musophagiformes='turacos',Otidiformes='turacos',Cuculiformes='turacos',Mesitornithiformes='turacos',Pterocliformes='turacos',Columbiformes='pigeons',Gruiformes='flufftails',Podicipediformes='grebes',Phoenicopteriformes='grebes',Charadriiformes='sandpipers',Eurypygiformes='loons',Phaethontiformes='loons',Gaviiformes='loons',Sphenisciformes='loons',Procellariiformes='loons',Ciconiiformes='storks',Suliformes='storks',Pelecaniformes='pelicans',Opisthocomiformes='raptors',Accipitriformes='raptors',Strigiformes='owls',Coliiformes='mousebirds',Leptosomiformes='mousebirds',Trogoniformes='mousebirds',Bucerotiformes='mousebirds',Coraciiformes='rollers',Piciformes='woodpeckers',Cariamiformes='falcons',Falconiformes='falcons',Psittaciformes='parrots',
	               Passeriformes='nz_wrens'} -- passeriformes link not very useful

    	local title = "Order " .. firstToUpper(order)
    	local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "/bow/" .. IOCorders[order]
    	return title, url    	
end
data.IOC.family = function(family)
	    data.IOC.version()
	    local IOCfamilies = { Struthionidae = {"ratites", 4}, Alcippeidae = {"babblers", 24989 } }      -- temporary partial list for testing
    	
    	local title = "Family " .. firstToUpper(family)
    	--https://www.worldbirdnames.org/Family/Struthionidae
    	local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "Family/" .. family   -- old version (might be resurrected by IOC)
    	
    	-- https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/babblers/#1338626516R24989
    	if IOCfamilies[family] then                                             -- test version local partial list
    		url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "new/bow/" ..  IOCfamilies[family][1] .. "/#1338626516R" .. IOCfamilies[family][2]
    	end
    	return title, url
end    
data.IOC.default = function( title, url) 
	    data.IOC.version()
	    return title, url
end

data.BOW = {         
	citationArgs = {
		website="Birds of the World Online", 
	--	doi = "",                          
	--	['last1']="Winkler",  ['first1']="David W.",              -- are these always the authors in version 1? no, perhaps for family page
	--	['last2']="Billerman",  ['first2']="Shawn M.",
	--	['last3']="Lovette",  ['first3']="Irby J.",  
	--	['editor1-last']="Billerman",  ['editor1-first']="S. M.",  --['editor1-link']="",
	--	['editor2-last']="Keeney",  ['editor2-first']="B. K.",
	--	['editor3-last']="Rodewald",  ['editor3-first']="P. G.",  
	--    ['editor4-last']="Schulenberg",  ['editor4-first']="T. S.",
	--    ['version'] = 1,   ['year'] = 2020,                                             -- may not want to default
		publisher="[[Cornell Lab of Ornithology]], Ithaca, NY."
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="citation,make,order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Explore Taxonomy"
	               
	},
}
-- function not needed of not adding anything else
data.BOW.default2 =  function( title, url)  
	 --data.BOW.citationArgs['version'] = "Version 1"
	 --mw.addWarning("testing BOW.default function")
	 return title, url
end
-- id works with the default function data.default.id  (id, source)
data.BOW.id2 = function( id) 
   local url = data.IOC.customArgs['baseURL'] ..id
   local title = "BOW id="  .. id 
end

--[[ make BOW to parse standard citation, {{BioRef|BOW|citation=CITATION}}
    vesrion 1 (family): Winkler, D. W., S. M. Billerman, and I.J. Lovette (2020). Bulbuls (Pycnonotidae), version 1.0. In Birds of the World 
                        (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. 
                        https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01
    version 2 (species): Limparungpatthanakij , W. L., L. Fishpool, and J. Tobias (2020). Buff-vented Bulbul (Iole crypta), version 2.0. In Birds of the World 
                        (S. M. Billerman and B. K. Keeney, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. 
                        https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.buvbul1.02
]]
data.BOW.citation =  function( value)  
	local citation  = templateArgs['citation'] 

    data.BOW.citationArgs['year']  = citation:match ('^%D+(%d%d%d%d)')
    data.BOW.citationArgs['doi']  = citation:match ('10%.2173/bow%..+')                           -- https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01
    --data.BOW.citationArgs['version']  = citation:match ('version %d%.%d')                       -- version applies to page, not whole BOW
    local title = citation:match ('%d%d%d%d%)%.(.*, version %d%.%d)');                            -- include version number in title
    local suffix = citation:match ('10%.2173/bow%.(.+%d?)%.')                                     -- https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.pycnon4.01
    local version = "/cur/"                                                                       -- for the current version
    version = citation:match ('version (%d%.%d)')                                                 -- for the cited version
    local url = data.BOW.customArgs['baseURL']  .. suffix .. '/'  .. version .. '/' 
    
    title = title:gsub( '%((%D+) (%D+)%)' , "(''%1 %2'')")
    
    local authors = citation:match ('^(%D+) %(%d%d%d%d%)')
    if authors then           -- split authors with modified code from make cite iucn
    	local list = {}
    	--mw.addWarning ("author string: " .. authors)
    	authors = authors:gsub(", Jr.", "XYZJrX")   -- protect author name from splitting on comma
    	authors = authors:gsub(", and ", ", ")   -- for 3 or more authors
    	authors = authors:gsub(" and ", ", ")     -- for 2 editors
      	list = mw.text.split (authors, ',');									    -- split the string on the commas into entries in list
		if #list == 0 then
			--mw.addWarning ("Zero length author list. Please report example of BOW citation at Cite BOW template talk page.");
			data.BOW.citationArgs['author'] = authors 					        	-- no 'names' of the proper form; return the original as a single |author= parameter
		else
			for i, name in ipairs (list) do											-- for each author in list 
			    --mw.addWarning ("list " .. i .. "=" .. list[i])
			    if i==1 then                                --note the first name has last name followed by initials after comma, so takes fill first two parts of the split
			    	data.BOW.citationArgs['last1'] = data.BOW.citationArgs['last1'] or name -- don't everwrite supplied name
			    elseif i==2 then
			    	data.BOW.citationArgs['first1'] = data.BOW.citationArgs['first1']  or name
			    elseif i > 2 then
			    	--mw.addWarning ("name " .. i .. "=" .. name)
			    	--data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1] =  name:match ('%s(%a-)$')
			    	--data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1] =  name:match ('(.+)%s%a-$')
			    	-- regex note: allow for space in names such as del Hoyo
			    	-- used supplied parameter if available (used when fixing diacrticis) or parse name or use unparsed name if that fails
			    	data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1] =  data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1] or name:match ('%s([%a ]-)$')  or name
			    	data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1] = data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1] or name:match ('(.-)%s[%a ]-$')
			    	--data.BOW.citationArgs['author'..i-1] = nil
			    else -- something has gone wrong (use author)
			    	data.BOW.citationArgs['author'..i-1] = name 
			    end
			    if i>1 and 1==2 then
					--mw.addWarning ("last" .. tostring(i-1)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i-1])
			    	--mw.addWarning ("first".. tostring(i-1)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['first'..i-1])
			    end
			end
			for i, name in ipairs (list) do											-- for each author in list 
			    if data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i] then
				   	 --mw.addWarning ("check " .. i .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i] )
			    	 data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i] =string.gsub(data.BOW.citationArgs['last'..i], "XYZJrX", ", Jr.") -- restored protected string
			    end
			end
		end   
    end
    -- now parse editors
    local editors = citation:match ('In Birds of the World %((.-), Editors?%)' ) -- omit editors as cite web psoitioning is weird
    if editors then           -- split editors with modified code from make cite iucn
    	local list = {}
    	--mw.addWarning ("editor string: " .. editors)
    	editors = editors:gsub(", and ", ", ")    -- for 3 or more authors
    	editors = editors:gsub(" and ", ", ")     -- for 2 editors
      	list = mw.text.split (editors, ',');									    -- split the string on the commas into entries in list
		if #list == 0 then
		    mw.addWarning ("problem with editor splitting")
			data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'] = editors 					        	-- no 'names' of the proper form; return the original as a single |author= parameter
		else
			for i, name in ipairs (list) do											-- for each author in list 
			    if i>0 then                                --note the editor names are all same format (unlike authors)
			    	-- data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i] =  name:match ('%s(%a-)$')
			    	-- data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i] =  name:match ('(.+)%s%a-$')
			        data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i] =  name:match ('%s([%a ]-)$')   -- [%a ] for "del Hoyo" or "de Juana"
			    	data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i] =  name:match ('(.-)%s[%a ]-$')
			    	--data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'..i-1] = nil
			    else -- something has gone wrong (use editor)
--			    	data.BOW.citationArgs['editor'..i] = name 
			    end
			    if i>0 and 1==2 then
					mw.addWarning ("editor-last" .. tostring(i)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-last'..i])
			    	mw.addWarning ("editor-first".. tostring(i)  .. "=" .. data.BOW.citationArgs['editor-first'..i])
			    end
			end
		end   
    end

	 --if not url then url = data.BOW.customArgs['baseURL']  end
	 --if not title then title = "Title parameter required" end
	 
	 return title, url
end
--[[  Birdlife International datazone
      BirdLife International (2024). Species factsheet: Variable Antshrike Thamnophilus caerulescens. 
      Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/variable-antshrike-thamnophilus-caerulescens  on 22/10/2025
--]]

data.birdlife = {         
	citationArgs = {
		website="Birdlife International", 
		--['editor1-last']="",  ['editor1-first']="",    --['editor1-link']="",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://datazone.birdlife.org/",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Species factsheet"
	               
	},
}

-- basic handling for Taxonomy in Flux website
data.tif = {         
	citationArgs = {
		website="Taxonomy in Flux", 
		['editor1-last']="Boyd III",  ['editor1-first']="John H.",    --['editor1-link']="",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "http://jboyd.net/Taxo/",
	               defaultSuffix = "List.html",
	               defaultTitle = "Taxonomy in Flux"
	               
	},
}
--[[ ------------- Avibase
                   e.g. https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=9144EF4017F2D8B1
]]
data.avibase = {
		citationArgs = {
		website="Avibase", 
		['editor1-last']="Lepage",  ['editor1-first']="Denis",    --['editor1-link']="",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="order,family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/",
	               searchStr = "species.jsp?avibaseid=",
	               defaultTitle = "Avibase - The World Bird Database"
	}
}
--[[ use default function
data.avibase.id = function (id)
    
    local title = "Avibase id: " .. id
	local url = data.avibase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.avibase.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
	return title, url
end
--]]

-- ============================= IUCN =================================================
-- for species in taxon; for species assessments, use {{cite iucn}}
-- https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=Murexia&searchType=species 
-- https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=aonyx&searchType=species
data.iucn = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]]", 
		--publisher="[[IUCN]]"
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://www.iucnredlist.org",
	               searchString = "/search?query=",
	               searchSuffix = "&searchType=species",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle="IUCN Red List of Threatened Species"
	}	
}
data.iucn.genus  = function(genus)  return data.iucn.taxon(genus, "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.iucn.family = function(family) return data.iucn.taxon(family) end
data.iucn.order  = function(order)  return data.iucn.taxon(order) end
data.iucn.taxon  = function(taxon, titleItalics)
    local title = firstToUpper(taxon)
    if titleItalics then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end
    local url = data.iucn.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.iucn.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon .. data.iucn.customArgs['searchSuffix']
    return title, url
end   

-- ============================= NatureServe/TNC =================================================
-- NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. NatureServe. 
-- https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.747305/Lucanus_capreolus
-- https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1253051/Monarda_fistulosa

data.tnc = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[NatureServe|NatureServe Explorer]]", 
		publisher="NatureServe",
		location = "Arlington, Virginia"
	}, 
	customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://explorer.natureserve.org/",
	               taxonString = "Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.",
	               defaultTitle="NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data"
	}	
}  
data.tnc.species  = function(genus,species)  
    local title = "''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. " " .. species .. "''"
    local url = data.tnc.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.tnc.customArgs['taxonString'] .. templateArgs['id'] .. "/" .. genus .. "_" .. species
    return title, url
end  
data.tnc.id  = function(id) 
	local title = data.tnc.customArgs['defaultTitle']
    local url = data.tnc.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.tnc.customArgs['taxonString'] .. templateArgs['id']
    return title, url
end	



-- ============================= ASM Mammal Diversity Database ========================
data.asm = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="ASM Mammal Diversity Database", 
		publisher="[[American Society of Mammalogists]]"
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1,2,3",
	               baseURL = "https://www.mammaldiversity.org/",
	               defaultTitle="ASM Mammal Diversity Database"
	               
	}
}

data.asm.species2 = function(genus, species) -- use species function below
    -- old url = https://mammaldiversity.org/species-account.php?genus=ursus&species=arctos
	-- new url = https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=Dipodomys&species=deserti&id=1001892 (only id required)
    local title = "''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
	local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#genus=" .. genus .. "&species=" .. species
	if templateArgs['id'] then url = url .. "&id=" .. templateArgs['id'] end
	return title, url
end	    
data.asm.id = function(id)
    	--local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species-account/species-id=" .. templateArgs['id']
    	-- new format https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#species-id=1006310
    	--local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#species-id=" .. id -- templateArgs['id']
    	-- newer format https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=Leopardus&species=colocola&id=1005993 (genus and species can be blank)
    	-- newer (Mar 2024) https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006020
    	
    	local title = "Species-id=" .. id
    	local hashString = "genus=&species=&id=" .. id                   -- if id only, requires blank genus and species (superceded by /taxon/link)
    	if templateArgs['genus'] and templateArgs['species'] then
    		title = "''" .. templateArgs['genus'] .. " " .. templateArgs['species'] .. "'' (id=" .. id ..")"
    		hashString = "genus=" .. templateArgs['genus'] .. "&species=" .. templateArgs['species'] .. "&id=" .. id
    	end
    	--local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#genus=&species=&id=" .. id -- templateArgs['id']
    	-- url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "explore.html#" .. hashString
    	local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "taxon/" .. id

    	return title, url
end
data.asm.species = function(genus, species)
	if templateArgs['id'] then 
		return data.asm.id(templateArgs['id'])  -- use the ASM explore page if ID given (as permalink)
    end
	if genus and species then -- otherwisee use the treeview page with the species info
		local title = "''" .. firstToUpper(genus) .. " " .. species .. "''" 
		local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "tree.html#genus=" .. genus ..  "&species="  .. species 
	    return title, url
	end
	
end

data.asm.genus  = function(genus)  return data.asm.taxon(genus, "genus", "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.asm.family = function(family) return data.asm.taxon(family, "family") end
data.asm.order  = function(order)  return data.asm.taxon(order, "order") end
data.asm.taxon  = function(taxon, rank, titleItalics)
    	--https://mammaldiversity.org/#ZmVsaWRhZSZnbG9iYWxfc2VhcmNoPXRydWUmbG9vc2U9dHJ1ZQ
    	--                             Base64.encode(felidae&global_search=true&loose=true)
    local title = firstToUpper(taxon)
    if titleItalics then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end
    local url = data.asm.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "tree.html" 
	if rank then                                               -- no rank if taxon called directly
		url = url .. "#" .. rank .. "=" .. taxon  
	end
    return title, url
end   
--############################## Base64 encode and decode (used for ASM#####################
local b='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'
-- encoding
data.asm.Base64 = {}
data.asm.Base64.encode = function(data)
    return ((data:gsub('.', function(x) 
        local r,b='',x:byte()
        for i=8,1,-1 do r=r..(b%2^i-b%2^(i-1)>0 and '1' or '0') end
        return r;
    end)..'0000'):gsub('%d%d%d?%d?%d?%d?', function(x)
        if (#x < 6) then return '' end
        local c=0
        for i=1,6 do c=c+(x:sub(i,i)=='1' and 2^(6-i) or 0) end
        return b:sub(c+1,c+1)
    end)..({ '', '==', '=' })[#data%3+1])
end
-- decoding
data.asm.Base64.decode=function(data)
    data = string.gsub(data, '[^'..b..'=]', '')
    return (data:gsub('.', function(x)
        if (x == '=') then return '' end
        local r,f='',(b:find(x)-1)
        for i=6,1,-1 do r=r..(f%2^i-f%2^(i-1)>0 and '1' or '0') end
        return r;
    end):gsub('%d%d%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?', function(x)
        if (#x ~= 8) then return '' end
        local c=0
        for i=1,8 do c=c+(x:sub(i,i)=='1' and 2^(8-i) or 0) end
        return string.char(c)
    end))
end
--######################## Misc ##################################
--[[ 3 approaches to handling DB: 
        1) use DB as website and use author for editors (if known)
            (a) use via to append WoRMS
            (b) use postscript to append WoRMs
            (c) use publisher for WoRMS
        2) use WoRMS as website and designate DB as author (recommended by WoRMS) CURRENT
            (option) add editors [TODO see cite WoRMS for list]
            issue: what to do about editors changing (need to use access-date)
]]
data.WoRMS = {
	citationArgs = {
	    author = "WoRMS",
	    website = "[[World Register of Marine Species]]",
	    --['via'] = "[[World Register of Marine Species]]",
	    --postscript = '&#32;from the [[World Register of Marine Species]].'

	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,db,1",
	              baseURL = "http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?",
	              searchStr = "p=taxdetails&id=",
	              defaultTitle="World Register of Marine Species"
	}
}
data.WoRMS.id = function(id)
    --[[ Two styles
         1. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712
            >  WoRMS (2018). Heterobranchia. Accessed at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712 on 2018-11-28 
         2. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249
            > MolluscaBase (2018). Ringipleura. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249 on 2018-11-28 
    ]]
    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
    local searchStr = "p=taxdetails&id=" .. templateArgs['id']
    
    if templateArgs['db'] then
    	data.WoRMS.db (templateArgs['db'])
    --[[else -- WoRMS is primary source (note cite WoRMs uses WoRMS as publisher and the db as the work)
    	 templateArgs['via'] = nil
    	 templateArgs['postscript'] = nil]]
    end
        --templateArgs['website'] = templateArgs['db']  -- alternative (and use |postscript)
    	--templateArgs['publisher'] = templateArgs['via']
    	
    --page <title>WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Heterobranchia</title>
    local title = "WoRMS taxon details: AphiaID " .. id
    local url = data.WoRMS.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WoRMS.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url    

end
data.WoRMS.default = function()
	 if templateArgs['db'] then
    	data.WoRMS.db (templateArgs['db'])
     end
end
data.WoRMS.db = function(db)	-- if database hosted by WoRMS

    db = string.lower( db )
	if db == "world list of octocorallia" or db == "octocorallia"  then
		templateArgs['author'] = "World List of Octocorallia"
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="McFadden"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="C.S."  -- , ; , R.; Samimi-Namin, K.; , G.; , L.
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Cordeiro"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="R."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Samimi-Namin"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="K."
		templateArgs['editor-last4']="Williams"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="G."
		templateArgs['editor-last5']="van Ofwegen"; templateArgs['editor-first5']="L."
		-- year ? (2022). 
	elseif db == "world of copepods database" or db == "copepoda" or db == "copepods" or db == "copepod" then
		templateArgs['author'] = "World of Copepods Database"
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Walter"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="T.C."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Boxshall"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="G."
		-- year ? (2022). 
	elseif db == "world amphipoda database" or db == "amphipoda" or db == "amphipod"then
		templateArgs['author'] = "World Amphipoda Database"
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Horton"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="T."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Lowry"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="J."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="De Broyer"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="C."
		templateArgs['display-editors']="etal";  -- full list is about 20 names
	elseif db == "world isopoda database" or db == "isopoda" or db == "isopod"then
		templateArgs['author'] = "World Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial Isopod Crustaceans database"
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Boyko"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="C.B."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Bruce"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="N.L."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Hadfield"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="K.A."
		templateArgs['editor-last4']="Merrin"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="K.L."
		templateArgs['editor-last5']="Ota."; templateArgs['editor-first5']="Y."
		templateArgs['editor-last6']="Poore"; templateArgs['editor-first6']="G.C.B."
		templateArgs['editor-last7']="Taiti"; templateArgs['editor-first7']="S."
	elseif db == "millibase" or db == "diplopoda" or db == "diplopod"then
		templateArgs['author'] = "MilliBase"
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Sierwald"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="P."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Spelda"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="J."
	elseif db == "molluscabase" or db == "mollusca" or db == "mollusc" then
		templateArgs['author'] = "MolluscaBase"
	else
		templateArgs['author'] = templateArgs['db']  -- this is recommended by WoRMS
	end
end

--[[ Species files
       -- takes db parameter
       --https://db.speciesfile.org/otus/$ID/overview
       --https://plecoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/890815/overview
]]

data.speciesfile = {
	citationArgs = {
	    website   = " Species File",
	    --publisher = "",
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5,db",
	              --baseURL = "https://" .. firstToUpper(templateArgs['db'] ) .. ".speciesfile.org/",
	              --searchStr = "otus/",
	             -- defaultSuffix = "/overview",
	              --defaultTitle=  " Species File"
	}
}
data.speciesfile.id = function(id)                               -- e.g. https://plecoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/890815/overview
	local db = data.speciesfile.db()  -- customise for speciesfile
    local title = firstToUpper(db) .. " Species File id&#61;" .. id  -- use entity &#61; for = to avoid missing pipe CS1 warning
    --local url = data.speciesfile.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.speciesfile.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id .. data.speciesfile.customArgs['defaultSuffix ']
    local url = "https://" ..db .. ".speciesfile.org/otus/" .. id .. "/overview"
               
	return title, url    
end
data.speciesfile.default = function()
    local db = data.speciesfile.db ()
    local title = firstToUpper(db) .. " Species File" 
    local url = "https://" ..db .. ".speciesfile.org/"
    return title, url 
end
data.speciesfile.db = function()
    local db = string.lower( templateArgs['db'] )
	--	templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
	if db == "zoraptera" then    -- ed: Hopkins, H.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
	elseif db == "dermaptera" then  -- eds: Hopkins, H., Haas, F. & Deem, L.S.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Johnson"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="K.P."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Smith"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="V.S."
	elseif db == "plecoptera" then                    -- (eds) DeWalt RE, Hopkins H, Neu-Becker U, and Stueber G
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="DeWalt"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="R.E."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="H."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Neu-Becker"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="U."
		templateArgs['editor-last4']="Stueber"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="G."
	elseif db == "orthoptera" then  --eds: Cigliano, M.M., H. Braun, D.C. Eades & D. Otte.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Cigliano"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="M.M."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Braun"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="H."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Eades"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="D.C."
		templateArgs['editor-last4']="Otte"; templateArgs['editor-first4']="D."
	elseif db == "grylloblattodea" then      -- ed: Hopkins, H.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
	elseif db == "mantophasmatodea" then      -- ed: Hopkins, H.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
	elseif db == "embioptera" then      -- ed: Hopkins, H.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
	elseif db == "phasmida" then        -- eds: Brock PD, Büscher TH, Baker E. 
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Brock"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="P.D."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Büscher"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="T.H."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Baker"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="E."
	elseif db == "mantodea" then		-- not updated yet
	elseif db == "cockroach" then       -- ed: Beccaloni, G.W.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Beccaloni"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="G.W."
	elseif db == "isoptera" then        -- ed: Hopkins, H.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
	elseif db == "psocodea" then      --eds: Hopkins, H., Johnson, K.P., & Smith, V.S. 
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Johnson"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="K.P."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Smith"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="V.S."
	elseif db == "aphid" then         -- ed: Colin FAVRET
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Favret"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="Colin"
	elseif db == "coleorrhyncha" then -- ed: Hopkins, H.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Hopkins"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="H."
	elseif db == "coreoidea" then -- not updated yet
	elseif db == "lygaeoidea" then -- eds: Dellapé, Pablo M. & Thomas J. Henry
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Dellapé"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="Pablo M."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Henry"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="Thomas J."
	elseif db == "hoppers" then  -- eds: Dmitriev, D.A., Anufriev, G.A., Bartlett, C.R., Blanco-Rodríguez, E., Borodin, Oleg I., Cao, Y.-H., Deitz, L.L., Dietrich, C.H., Dmitrieva, M.O., El-Sonbati, S.A., Evangelista de Souza, O., Gjonov, I.V., Gonçalves, A.C., Hendrix, S., McKamey, S., Kohler, M., Kunz, G., Malenovský, I., Morris, B.O., Novoselova, M., Pinedo-Escatel, J.A., Rakitov, R.A., Rothschild, M.J., Sanborn, A.F., Takiya, D.M., Wallace, M.S., Zahniser, J.N.
		templateArgs['editor-last1']="Dmitriev"; templateArgs['editor-first1']="D.A."
		templateArgs['editor-last2']="Anufriev"; templateArgs['editor-first2']="G.A."
		templateArgs['editor-last3']="Bartlett"; templateArgs['editor-first3']="C.R."
		templateArgs['display-editors']="etal";  -- full list is about 28 names	
	else
		--return "Species File database not recognised"
	end
	if db == "hoppers" then
		data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website'] = "World Auchenorrhyncha Database"
	else
	    data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website'] =  firstToUpper(db) .. data.speciesfile.citationArgs['website']
	end
    return db
end

--[[ WaspWeb and FigWeb
	WaspWeb: https://www.waspweb.org/Chalcidoidea/Neodiparidae/index.htm
	Web authors Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum)
	Citation: van Noort, S. 2025. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World. URL: www.waspweb.org (accessed on <day/month/year>).
	
	FigWeb
	Web authors Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum) and Jean-Yves Rasplus (INRA, France)
	Citation: van Noort, S. & Rasplus, JY. 2025. Figweb: figs and fig wasps of the world. URL: www.figweb.org(Accessed on <day-month-year>).
]]

data.waspweb = {
	citationArgs = {
	    website   = "WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the World",
	    ['last1'] = "van Noort", ['first1'] = "Simon", 	
	    publisher = "[[Iziko South African Museum]]",
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
	              baseURL = "https://www.waspweb.org/",
	              suffixStr = "Classification/index.htm",
	              defaultTitle="Classification of World Hymenoptera (Wasps, Bees, Ants)", -- 
	}
}
data.waspweb.default = function(title, url)    -- https://www.waspweb.org/Chalcidoidea/Neodiparidae/index.htm

    local title = data.waspweb.customArgs['defaultTitle'] 
    local url   = data.waspweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.waspweb.customArgs['suffixStr'] 
  
	return  title, url
end

data.figweb = {
	citationArgs = {
	    website   = "FigWeb",
	    ['last1'] = "van Noort", ['first1'] = "Simon", 	
	    ['last2'] = "Rasplus",   ['first2'] = "Jean-Yves", 	
	    publisher = "[[Iziko South African Museum]]",
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
	              baseURL = "https://www.figweb.org/Fig_wasps/",
	              suffixStr = "Classification/index.htm",
	              defaultTitle="Classification of fig wasps"
	}
}
data.figweb.default = function(title, url)    -- https://www.figweb.org/Fig_wasps/Agaonidae/Agaoninae/index.htm

    local title = data.figweb.customArgs['defaultTitle'] 
    local url = data.figweb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.figweb.customArgs['suffixStr'] 
  
	return  title, url
end

--[[ Lepindex 
]]

data.lepindex = {
	citationArgs = {
	    website   = "[[The Global Lepidoptera Names Index]]",
	    ['editor-last1'] = "Beccaloni", ['editor-first1'] = "George", 	['editor-last2'] = "Scoble",    ['editor-first2'] = "Malcolm",
	    ['editor-last3'] = "Kitching",  ['editor-first3'] = "Ian",	    ['editor-last4'] = "Simonsen",  ['editor-first4'] = "Thomas",
	    ['editor-last5'] = "Robinson",  ['editor-first5'] = "Gaden", 	['editor-last6'] = "Pitkin",    ['editor-first6'] = "Brian", 
	    ['editor-last7'] = "Hine",      ['editor-first7'] = "Adrian",	['editor-last8'] = "Lyal",      ['editor-first8'] = "Chris",
	    publisher = "[[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]]",
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
	              baseURL = "https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/lepindex/",
	              suffixStr = "detail/?taxonno=",
	              defaultTitle="Lepindex"
	}
}
data.lepindex.id = function(id)    -- https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/lepindex/detail/?taxonno=51506

    local title = "Lepindex id=" .. id
    local url = data.lepindex.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.lepindex.customArgs['suffixStr'] .. id
  
	return title, url    
end

--[[ Global Lepidoptra Index
]]
data.gli = {
	
	--Beccaloni, G., Scoble, M., Kitching, I., Simonsen, T., Robinson, G., Pitkin, B., Hine, A., Lyal, C., Ollerenshaw, J., Wing, P., & Hobern, D. (2024). Global Lepidoptera Index (D. Hobern, Ed.; 1.1.24.171).
	citationArgs = {
	    website   = "Global Lepidoptera Index",
	    ['last1'] = "Beccaloni",   ['first1'] = "George", 
	    ['last2'] = "Scoble",      ['first2'] = "Malcolm",
	    ['last3'] = "Kitching",    ['first3'] = "Ian",
	    ['last4'] = "Simonsen",    ['first4'] = "Thomas",
	    ['last5'] = "Robinson",    ['first5'] = "Gaden", 
	    ['last6'] = "Pitkin",      ['first6'] = "Brian", 
	    ['last7'] = "Hine",        ['first7'] = "Adrian",
	    ['last8'] = "Lyal",        ['first8'] = "Chris",
	    ['last9'] = "Ollerenshaw", ['first9'] = "Justin", 
	    ['last10'] = "Wing",       ['first10'] = "Peter", 
	    ['last11'] = "Hobern",     ['first11'] = "Donald",
	    ['editor-last'] = "Hobern", ['editor-first'] = "Donald", 
	    publisher = "[[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]]",
	    via = "ChecklistBank",
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
	              baseURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/",
	              suffixStr = "taxon/",
	              defaultTitle="Global Lepidoptera Index",
	              defaultURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/about",
	}
}
data.gli.id = function(id)    -- https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/55434/taxon/233256 
	                          -- https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/DATASET_ID/taxon/TAXON_ID -- the dataset ID will change with version so need version handling or just use URL 

    local title = "GLI id=" .. id
    local url = data.gli.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.gli.customArgs['suffixStr'] .. id
  
	return title, url    
end
data.gli.default2 = function()
  
    local title = ""
    local url = ""
    return title, url 
end

--[[ CarabCat - Ground Beetles of the World
          https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=95601#null
          https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/1146/taxon/208583
]]

data.carabcat = {
	citationArgs = {
	    website   = "CarabCat",
	     ['last'] = "Lorenz",   ['first'] = "Wolfgang", 
	    publisher = "ChecklistBank",
	    version = "03 (08/2021)",
	    year = 2021
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
	              baseURL = "https://www.checklistbank.org/dataset/1146/",
	              searchStr = "taxon/",
	              defaultTitle="CarabCat"
	}
}
data.carabcat.id = function(id)   

    local title = "CarabCat on ChecklistBank id=" .. id
    local url = data.carabcat.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.carabcat.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
  
	return title, url    
	
end

--[[ ITIS - Integrated Taxonomic Information System
          https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=95601#null
]]

data.itis = {
	citationArgs = {
	    website   = "[[Integrated Taxonomic Information System]]",
	    --publisher = "",
	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,1,2,3,4,5",
	              baseURL = "https://www.itis.gov/",
	              searchStr = "servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=",
	              defaultTitle="Integrated Taxonomic Information System"
	}
}
data.itis.id = function(id)   

    local title = "ITIS id=" .. id
    local url = data.itis.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.itis.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
  
	return title, url    
	
end

--[[ Catalogue of Life:
		Roskov Y., Ower G., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., van Nieukerken E.J., Penev L. (eds.) (2020). 
		Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2020-12-01. 
		Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
		Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2020-12-01. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org. 
		Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
]]
data.col = {
	db       = "col",  -- need rethink this
	citationArgs = {
	    --author = "Catalogue of Life",
	    --['editor-last1'] = "Roskov",   ['editor-first1'] = "Y.", ['editor-last2'] = "Ower",     ['editor-first2'] = "G.", 	    ['editor-last3'] = "Orrell",   ['editor-first3'] = "T.", ['editor-last4'] = "Nicolson", ['editor-first4'] = "D.", 	    ['editor-last5'] = "Bailly",   ['editor-first5'] = "N.", ['editor-last6'] = "Kirk",     ['editor-first6'] = "P.M.", 	    ['editor-last7'] = "Bourgoin", ['editor-first7'] = "T.", ['editor-last8'] = "DeWalt",   ['editor-first8'] = "R.E.", 	    ['editor-last9'] = "Decock",   ['editor-first9'] = "W.", ['editor-last10'] = "van Nieukerken", ['editor-first10'] = "E.J.", 	    ['editor-last11'] = "Penev", ['editor-first11'] = "L.", 
	    --website   = "[[Catalogue of Life]]",
	    --website   = "[[Catalogue of Life|Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life]]",
	    -- website   = "[[Species 2000]] & [[ITIS]] [[Catalogue of Life]]",
	    website   = "[[Catalogue of Life]]",
	    publisher = "[[Species 2000]]: Leiden, the Netherlands",
	    --others    = "Species 2000 & ITIS"

	},
	customArgs = {exclude="id,db,1,2,3,4,5,legacy,option",
	              baseURL = "https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/",
	              searchStr = "browse?taxonKey=",
	              defaultTitle="Catalogue of Life"
	}
}
data.col.id = function(id)   
 
    --[[ Catalogue of Life
        browse option:	https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/browse?taxonKey=4JQ8
            use id for taxoKey
            
        taxon option    https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6HR5M
    ]]
    local title = "Catalogue of Life taxonKey " .. id
    local url = data.col.customArgs['baseURL']
    
    -- some new CoL are numbers e.g. 64553 in https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/64553
	if not tonumber(id)  and string.find( id,  "^[0-9abcdef]+$" ) then                                            -- if old-style id
		local year = "2019"        -- last old-style version available
    	if templateArgs['version'] and string.find( templateArgs['version'], "^%d%d%d%d$"  ) then --if version specied
        	year = templateArgs['version']
        end
    	if templateArgs['option'] == "browse" then 
		    url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/" .. year .. "/browse/tree/id/" .. id
		else -- default to option=taxon
		    url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/" .. year .. "/details/species/id/" .. id
		end
    else                                                                                  -- else use current version
    	if templateArgs['option'] == "browse" then 
		    url = url .. "browse?taxonKey=" .. id
		else -- default to option=taxon
		    url = url .. "taxon/" .. id
		end
    end

	return title, url    
	
end
--[[ current links
				 https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" Chinchilla+chinchilla&type=EXACT
	legacy links with redirect
	    Species pages:    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/12dca9c49741815f82400bb7bff50553
	    Species searches: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/all/key/Dracula+antonii/
    old-style links
                		  http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24
            		      http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/scientific/genus/Chinchilla/species/chinchilla/match/1/
                		  http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197
	year specific links
        2019              http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/details/species/id/7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24
                          http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/all/key/Chinchilla+chinchilla/fossil/1/match/1 
                          http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/search/scientific/genus/Chinchilla/species/chinchilla/match/1/
                     ?    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2016/browse/tree?6d600f4985f19b1207d41d847424edd0 
                     ?    http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197
        browse            http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2019/browse/tree/id/003e480e646d0e7647ab67efc1218197
 ]]
data.col.default = function(mode)  -- this handles the old style template with positional parameters (mode unused?)
   
	local para1 = templateArgs[2] 
	local para2 = templateArgs[3] 
	local para3 = templateArgs[4]  
	local para4 = templateArgs[5]  
	if para1 then para1 = mw.text.trim(para1) end
	if para2 then para2 = mw.text.trim(para2) end
	if para3 then para3 = mw.text.trim(para3) end
	if para4 then para4 = mw.text.trim(para4) end
	
	local title, url
	
	if para1 then
        --local match = "7539827da517bd6273a4a3836578cb24" 
		local match = "^[0-9abcdef]+$" 
		if string.find( para1, match ) then
			url = "http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/" .. para1  -- ""Old style id"
			--url ="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" .. para1
			if para2 then
				title = para2
			else
				title = "Oldstyle id: " .. para1
			end
			
		else

			--https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" Chinchilla+chinchilla&type=EXACT
			
			if para1 ~= "" then
				url = "https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=" .. para1 
				title = "''" .. para1 
				if para2  then
					url = url .. "+" .. para2 
					title = title .. " " .. para2
				end
				url = url .. "&type=EXACT"
				title = title .. "''"
			end
			
		end	
		if para3 then title = title .. " " .. para3 end   -- add authority
		if para4 == "nv" then templateArgs['trans-title'] = "synonym" end   -- if nv add [synonym]. Note that this parameter is not used to add COinS metadata 
	else
		-- no parameter 1
	end
	
	return title, url    
end

--======================  Fossilworks =======================================

data.fossilworks = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[Fossilworks]]",
		agency="Gateway to the [[Paleobiology Database]]",
		--publisher="Paleobiology Database",
		--postscript = 'none',
		-- postscript = "&#32;from the [[Paleobiology Database]].",  -- gives maintenance warning
		--via="''fossilworks.org''"   -- an alternative format to using |website=
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,collection,date,1",
	               baseURL = "http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/",
	               searchStr ="bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=",
	               defaultTitle = "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.fossilworks.id = function(id)
--[[ http://fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=83087	
    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
    local searchStr = "bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=" .. templateArgs['id']
    templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] .. searchStr
    ]]
    local title = "PaleoDB taxon number: " .. id
    local url = data.fossilworks.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.fossilworks.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.fossilworks.collection = function(collection)
	-- http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=20072
	local title = "PaleoDB collection number: " .. collection
	local url = data.fossilworks.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=" .. collection
	return title, url 
end
data.fossilworks.error = function()
	return "Requires id and title parameters"
end


--======================  Paleobiology Database: paleobiodb.org =======================================

data.paleobiodb = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[Paleobiology Database]]"
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,collection,date,1",
	               baseURL = "https://paleobiodb.org/classic/",
	               searchStr ="basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=",
	               defaultTitle = "Paleobiology Database"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.paleobiodb.id = function(id)
--[[ https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=22786	
    if not templateArgs['id'] then return "no id parameter detected" end
    ]]
    local title = "PaleoDB taxon number: " .. id
    local url = data.paleobiodb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.paleobiodb.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.paleobiodb.collection = function(collection)
	-- https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=24193
	local title = "PaleoDB collection number: " .. collection
	local url = data.paleobiodb.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=" .. collection
	return title, url 
end
data.paleobiodb.error = function()
	return "Requires id and title parameters"
end
--======================================= PLANTS =========================
--[[ Plant authorities can end in a period. This is stripped by the citation templates. 
     This function encloses titles ending in such authorities in double parentheses, i.e. ((title))   
  ]]
local addAuthority = function(formattedTaxonName)
    if templateArgs['authority'] then
    	local title = formattedTaxonName .. " " .. templateArgs['authority']
     	return string.gsub( title, "(.*%.)$", "((%1))")  -- if authority ends in "." enclose ((title)) to prevent removal
    end
    return formattedTaxonName
end


--[[ Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2020): World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. 
       Version x.xx; last update xx.xx.xxxx. - www.worldplants.de. Last accessed dd/mm/yyyy.
       https://www.worldplants.de/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list#1599996425
     Hassler, Michael (2004 - 2020): World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. 
       Version x.xx; last update xx.xx.xxxx. - www.worldplants.de/ferns/. Last accessed dd/mm/yyyy.
       https://www.worldplants.de/world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list#1599997555

    deeplinks:
		Genus:  [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Helosciadium-Koch ''Helosciadium'']
		Species: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Helosciadium-longipedunculatum ''Helosciadium longipedunculatum'']
		
		Genus:  [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Lycopodium-L. ''Lycopodium'']
		Species: [https://www.worldplants.de?deeplink=Lycopodium-clavatum ''Lycopodium clavatum'']

--]]
data.worldplants = {
	citationArgs = {
		last1 = "Hassler", first1 = "Michael",
		website="World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora.",
		--publisher=""
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
	               baseURL = "https://www.worldplants.de",
	               searchStr ="/world-plants-complete-list/complete-plant-list#",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "World Plants"
	}
}
data.worldplants.genus = function(genus)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")
	local genusString = genus 
	if templateArgs['authority'] then genusString = genus .. "-" .. templateArgs['authority'] end
	local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. genusString
	return title, url  
end
data.worldplants.species = function(genus, species)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")
	local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. genus .. "-" .. species .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
	return title, url  
end
--[[ experimental, don't leave live 

data.worldplants.taxon = function(taxon)
	local title =  taxon .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
	local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. taxon
	return title, url  
end

data.worldplants.family = function(family)
	local title = family .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
	local url = data.worldplants.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "?deeplink=" .. family
	return title, url  
end
--]]
data.worldferns = {
	citationArgs = {
		last1 = "Hassler", first1 = "Michael",
		website="World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora.",
		--publisher=""
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
	               baseURL = "https://www.worldplants.de/",
	               searchStr ="world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list?name=",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "World Ferns"
	}
}
data.worldferns.genus = function(genus)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")
	local genusString = genus 
	if templateArgs['authority'] then genusString = genus .. "-" .. templateArgs['authority'] end
	local url = data.worldferns.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.worldferns.customArgs['searchStr'] ..  genusString
	return title, url  
end
data.worldferns.species = function(genus, species)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")
	local url = data.worldferns.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.worldferns.customArgs['searchStr'] .. genus .. "-" .. species .. " " .. (templateArgs['authority'] or "")
	return title, url  
end

--[[Plants of the World online
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2  -- use id
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?q=Selaginellaceae                        -- use search
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?family=Selaginellaceae                   -- can also use family= [gets same result as q=]
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago                             -- or genus
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&species=abietina            -- or genus + species
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=accepted_names            -- filter for accepted names
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=genus_f                   -- filter for genus (no species selected)
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?genus=Selago&f=genus_f%2Caccepted_names  -- filter for genus and accepted names
	   http://powo.science.kew.org/?page.size=480&f=family_f%2Caccepted_names -- list of accepted families
	   -- all these searches get the search result (no apparent way to target the article when unique)
]]
data.POWO = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[Plants of the World Online]]",
		publisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew",
		--postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
	               baseURL = "http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/",
	               searchStr ="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Plants of the World Online"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
--[[ http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30003057-2	]]
data.POWO.id = function(id)
	local id = data.POWO.getValidID()
	if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
    local title = id                                                                          -- as default value
	local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.family = function(family)
	local title = addAuthority(family)
	local id = templateArgs['id']
	if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
	local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.genus = function(genus)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")
	local id = data.POWO.getValidID()
	if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
	local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.species = function(genus,species)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")
	local id = data.POWO.getValidID()
	if not id then return data.POWO.error() end
	local url = data.POWO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.POWO.customArgs['searchStr'] ..id
    return title, url  
end
data.POWO.getValidID = function()
	local id = templateArgs['id']
	if id then 
		return string.gsub( id, "urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:", "") -- don't want this twice
	end
	return nil
end
data.POWO.error = function()
	return '<span style="color:red">Requires id and one of title, family, genus or species parameters</span>'
end

--[[Gouda, E.J., Butcher, D. & Gouda, C.S. (cont.updated) 
Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads, Version 4. http://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/ Utrecht University Botanic Gardens
]]

data.bromeliad = {
	citationArgs = {
		last1="Gouda", first1="E.J.",
		last2="Butcher", first2="D.",
		last3="Gouda", first3="C.S",
		website="[[Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads]]",
		version="Version 4",
		publisher="Utrecht University Botanic Gardens",
		--postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,list,1",
	               baseURL = "https://bromeliad.nl/",
	               searchStr ="encyclopedia/index.php?find=",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads, Version 4"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
--[[ https://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/index.php?find=Hylaeaicum	]]
data.bromeliad.search = function(search)

    local title = search                                                                          -- as default value
	local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.bromeliad.customArgs['searchStr'] .. search
    return title, url  
end
--[[ http://bromeliad.nl/species/Bromeliaceae	]]
data.bromeliad.taxon = function(taxon)

    local title = addAuthority(taxon)                                                                          -- as default value
	local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. taxon
    return title, url  
end
--[[ genus	]]
data.bromeliad.genus = function(genus)

    local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''")                                                                          -- as default value
	local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. genus
	if templateArgs['list'] == "species" then
        url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showSpeciesIndex&name=" .. genus .. "&flags="
    end
    return title, url  
end
--[[ 	]]
data.bromeliad.species = function(genus, species)

    local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''")                                                                          -- as default value
	local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "species/" .. genus .. "/" .. species 
    return title, url  
end

--[[ https://bromeliad.nl/encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showTaxon&id=10093 ]]
data.bromeliad.id = function(id)

    local title = id                                                                          -- as default value
	local url = data.bromeliad.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "encyclopedia/brome.php?action=showTaxon&id=" .. id
    return title, url  
end

--[[GRIN 
	Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2021. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
	URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=tribe&id=1571. Accessed 27 October 2021. 
	Family record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?id=440
	   Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=440&type=family
	Subfamily record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=subfamily&id=1507
	   Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=3265&type=subfamily
	Tribe record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=tribe&id=1551 (Millettieae)
	   Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=1551&type=tribe
	Subtribe record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyfamily?type=subtribe&id=1507
	   Genus list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenuslist?id=1507&type=subtribe
	Genus record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=191 (Genus Adenodolichos Harms)
	  Species list: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyspecieslist?id=191&type=genus
	Species record: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=489203 ( Adenodolichos paniculatus)
	
]]
data.GRIN = {     
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] (GRIN)",
		publisher="[[Agricultural Research Service]] (ARS), [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)",
		--postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
	               baseURL = "https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal",
	               searchStr ="/taxon/taxonomydetail?",                             -- for species record
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "GRIN-Global"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.GRIN.id = function(id)
    local title = data.GRIN.customArgs['defaultTitle'] .. ' ' .. id
    local url = data.GRIN.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.GRIN.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
--[[ USDA PLANTS
	default search page: https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/
	taxon: https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/RUID (Rubus idaeus L., American red raspberry)
]]
data.PLANTS = {     
	citationArgs = {
		--last = "[[Natural Resources Conservation Service|NRCS]]",
		website="PLANTS Database",
		--publisher="[[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)", 
		publisher="[[Natural Resources Conservation Service|USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service]]", 
		--postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/",  
	               searchStr ="plant-profile/",                             -- for species profile
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Plants Database"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.PLANTS.id = function(id)
    local title = data.PLANTS.customArgs['defaultTitle'] .. ' ' .. id
    local url = data.PLANTS.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.PLANTS.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end


-- IPNI
--→ "Meconopsis Vig." International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
--- 	https://www.ipni.org/n/30149252-2
--- as {{IPNI |id=30149252-2 |taxon=((Meconopsis |authority=Vig.))}} 

data.IPNI = {     
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[International Plant Names Index]] (IPNI)",
		publisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew",
		--postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,authority,family,genus,species,1",
	               baseURL = "https://www.ipni.org",
	               searchStr ="/n/",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "IPNI"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.IPNI.id = function(id)
    local title = id
    local url = data.IPNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.IPNI.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.IPNI.species  = function(genus, species)  return data.IPNI.taxon(genus .. " " .. species, "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.IPNI.genus  = function(genus)  return data.IPNI.taxon(genus, "TITLE_ITALICS") end
data.IPNI.taxon = function(taxon, italics)
	local title = taxon 
	if italics then title = "''" .. title .. "''"  end
	title = addAuthority(title)
--[[	if templateArgs['authority'] then
		title = title .. " " .. templateArgs['authority']
		title = string.gsub( title, "(.*%.)$", "((%1))")  -- if authority ends in "." enclose ((title)) to prevent removal
	end ]]
	local url = data.IPNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.IPNI.customArgs['searchStr'] .. templateArgs['id']
    return title, url  
end

--[[World Flora Online 
    	http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000012284  -- id
]]

data.WFO = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[World Flora Online]]",
		--publisher="Missouri Botanical Gardens",
		--postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,family,genus,species,authority,1",
	               baseURL = "http://www.worldfloraonline.org",
	               searchStr ="/taxon/wfo-",                                       -- not strictly search string
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               --defaultTitle = "World Flora Online"
	               defaultTitle = "An Online Flora of All Known Plants"
	}

}
data.WFO.getValidID = function()
	local id = templateArgs['id']
	if id then 
		return string.gsub( id, "wfo%-", "") -- don't want this twice (must escape -)
	end
	mw.addWarning("Citations for WFO require a valid ID")
	return ""
end
data.WFO.id = function(id)
--[[ http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000012284	
    ]]
    id = data.WFO.getValidID()
    local title = id
    local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.family = function(family)
	local title = addAuthority(family) 
	local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. data.WFO.getValidID()
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.genus = function(genus)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. "''") 
	local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] .. data.WFO.getValidID()
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.species = function(genus,species)
	local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") 
	local url = data.WFO.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.WFO.customArgs['searchStr'] ..data.WFO.getValidID()
    return title, url  
end
data.WFO.error = function()
	return "Requires id and title parameters"
end

data.Tropicos = {
	citationArgs = {
		website="[[Tropicos]]",
		--publisher="Missouri Botanical Gardens",
		--postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,1",
	               baseURL = "http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/",
	               searchStr ="",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Tropicos"
	}

}
data.Tropicos.id = function(id)
--[[ hhttp://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/100444532	
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.Tropicos.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.Tropicos.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.Tropicos.error = function()
	return "Requires id and title parameters"
end


data.FNA = {
	citationArgs = {
		            website="[[Flora of North America]]",
		            --publisher="http://www.efloras.org",
		            --postscript = 'none',
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,1",
	               baseURL = "http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx",
	               searchStr ="?flora_id=1&taxon_id=",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Flora of North America"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.FNA.id = function(id)
--[[ http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=125683
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.FNA.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.FNA.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.FNA.error = function()
	return "Requires id and title parameters"
end

-- Australian Plant Name Index (APNI)

data.APNI = {
	citationArgs = {
		            website="[[Australian Plant Name Index]]",
		            publisher="[[Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research]]", -- IBIS database
		            --version = "Edition 8",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "name, qid, authority, genus, species,authority, id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/",
	               searchURL = "https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/search/names?product=APNI&tree.id=&name=",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "APNI"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.APNI.id = function(id)
	local title = addAuthority( templateArgs['taxon'] )
    local url = data.APNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. id
	return title, url
end
data.APNI.taxon = function(taxon)
	local title = addAuthority( taxon )
    local url = data.APNI.customArgs['baseURL'] .. templateArgs['id']
	return title, url
end
-- SEARCH 
--https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/search/names?product=APNI&tree.id=&name=ficus
--https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/search/names?product=APNI&tree.id=&name=ficus&inc._scientific=&inc.scientific=on&inc._cultivar=&inc._other=&max=100&display=apni&search=true
data.APNI.search = function(taxon)
	local title = addAuthority( taxon )
    local url = data.APNI.customArgs['searchURL'] .. taxon:gsub(" ","+")
	return title, url
end

-- ATRP: Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants 

data.ATRP = {
	citationArgs = {
		            website="[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]]",
		            publisher="[[Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation]] (CSIRO)",
		            version = "Edition 8",
				    year = 2020,
		            --postscript = 'none',
		            last1= "Zich", first1="F. A.", 
		            last2= "Hyland",  first2= "B. P. M.", ['author2-link']="Bernard Hyland",
		            last3= "Whiffin", first3= "T.", 
		            last4= "Kerrigan",  first4= "R.A.",
		            --['display-authors']=3,
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "genus, species,authority, id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest",
	               searchStr ="/text/entities/",
	               defaultSuffix = ".htm",
	               defaultTitle = "[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]]"
	}
	--id = function(id) return p.genericIdCitation (frame, title, url)
}
data.ATRP.species = function(genus,species)
--[[ https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/buckinghamia_celsissima.htm
    ]]
    local title = addAuthority("''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''") --"''" .. genus .. " " .. species .. "''"
    local url = data.ATRP.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.ATRP.customArgs['searchStr'] .. genus .. "_" .. species .. data.ATRP.customArgs['defaultSuffix']
    return title, url  
end
data.ATRP.error = function()
	return "Requires genus and species parameters"
end

--[[ ============================= Bryonames (Mosses etc) The Bryophyte Nomenclator =================================================
	https://www.bryonames.org/nomenclator?group=Bryidae&group_id=35210272 (A Classification of the Bryidae)
	https://www.bryonames.org/nomenclator?group=Hedwigiales (A Classification of the Hedwigiale)
	https://www.bryonames.org/nomenclator?group=Rhacocarpus (A synopsis of Rhacocarpus)

--]]

data.bryonames = {
	citationArgs = {
		['editor1-first']="John C.", ['editor1-last']="Brinda", 
		['editor2-first']="John J.", ['editor2-last']="Atwood",
		website="The Bryophyte Nomenclator"
		--publisher="[[xxx]]"
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://www.bryonames.org/",
	               searchString = "nomenclator?group=",
	               defaultTitle="Classification of the Bryophyta"
	}	
}
data.bryonames.genus  = function(genus)  return data.bryonames.taxon(genus, "GENUS") end
data.bryonames.family = function(family) return data.bryonames.taxon(family, "FAMILY") end
data.bryonames.order  = function(order)  return data.bryonames.taxon(order, "ORDER") end
data.bryonames.taxon  = function(taxon, rank)
    taxon = firstToUpper(taxon)
    local title = "A Classification of the " ..  taxon                                                     -- default title for suprafamilia taxa
    local url = data.bryonames.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.bryonames.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon -- url
    if rank == "GENUS" then taxon = "''" .. taxon .. "''"  end                                             -- italicise genus
    if rank == "GENUS" or rank == "FAMILY" then title = "A synopsis of " ..  taxon  end                    -- title for genus and familiees
 
    return title, url
end 

-- ============================= Mosses (Goffinet's site) =================================================
-- https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#Hypnanae
-- https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#Bryales
data.goffinet = {
	citationArgs = {
		first1="B.", last1="Goffinet", 
		first2="W.R.", last2="Buck",
		website="Classification of extant moss genera"
		--publisher="[[xxx]]"
	},
	customArgs = { exclude="family,genus,species,taxon,id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/",
	               searchString = "#",
	               searchSuffix = "",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle="Classification of the Bryophyta"
	}	
}
data.goffinet.genus  = function(genus)  return data.goffinet.taxon(genus, "GENUS") end
data.goffinet.family = function(family) return data.goffinet.taxon(family, "FAMILY") end
data.goffinet.order  = function(order)  return data.goffinet.taxon(order, "ORDER") end
data.goffinet.taxon  = function(taxon, rank)
    local title = firstToUpper(taxon)
    if rank == "GENUS" then title = "''" .. title .. "''" end
    if not (rank == "GENUS" or rank == "FAMILY") then  -- upper case anchors for orders and above
    	if taxon ~= "Bryanae" and taxon ~= "Hypnanae" and taxon ~= "Bryales" and taxon ~= "Bryidae" then -- check for exceptions (inconsistencies at website)
    		taxon = taxon:upper()
    	end
    end
    local url = data.goffinet.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.goffinet.customArgs['searchString'] .. taxon .. data.goffinet.customArgs['searchSuffix']
    return title, url
end 

--[[ AlgaeBase
    (old) taxonomy browser url (Volvox) = https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=6898
    taxonomy browser url (Volvox) = https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?#6898
    genus article url (Volvox) =  https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43497 (different id)
    genus article url (Torodinium)= https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=44698
    Please cite this record as:   M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 2020. AlgaeBase. 
                                  World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. 
                                  http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 10 May 2020.              
]]
data.AlgaeBase = {
	citationArgs = {
		           website="[[AlgaeBase]]",
	               ['editor1-last']="Guiry", ['editor1-first']="M.D.",
	               ['editor2-last']="Guiry", ['editor2-first']="G.M.",
		           publisher="National University of Ireland, Galway",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,1,genus_id,species_id,spid,genid",
	               baseURL = "https://www.algaebase.org/",
	               --searchStr ="browse/taxonomy/?id=", (old)
	               searchStr ="browse/taxonomy/?#",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "AlgaeBase"
	}
}
data.AlgaeBase.id = function(id)
--[[ https://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/?id=6898 (id for taxonomy page)
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end
data.AlgaeBase.genid = function(genid)
--[[ https://www.algaebase.org/search/genus/detail/?genus_id=43497 (different id for genus page)
    ]]
    local title = genid
    local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "search/genus/detail/?genus_id=" .. genid
    return title, url  
end
data.AlgaeBase.spid = function(spid)
--[[ https://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=52713 (id for species page)
    ]]
    local title = spid
    local url = data.AlgaeBase.customArgs['baseURL'] .. "search/species/detail/?species_id=" .. spid
    return title, url  
end
data.AlgaeBase.error = function()
	return "Requires id and title parameters"
end
--[[================= Bacteria (LPSN) =========
-- LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
]]
data.lpsn = {
	citationArgs = {
		           website="LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature",
	               --['editor1-last']="xx", ['editor1-first']="xx",
	               --['editor2-last']="xx", ['editor2-first']="xx",
		           publsiher="Leibniz Institute DSMZ",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,1,rank",
	               baseURL = "https://lpsn.dsmz.de/",
	               searchStr ="",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature"
	}
}
data.lpsn.taxon = function(taxon)
--[[ general form: https://lpsn.dsmz.de/RANK/TAXON_NAME
      e.g. https://lpsn.dsmz.de/phylum/cyanobacteriota         (for phyla)
           https://lpsn.dsmz.de/class/cyanophyceae             (for classes)
      use title and url parameters
  ]]
    local title = taxon
    local rank =templateArgs['rank'] 
    local url 
    if rank then
    	url = data.lpsn.customArgs['baseURL'] .. rank .. '/' .. taxon
    end
    return title, url  
end

--================= Viruses =========
data.ictv = {
	citationArgs = {
		           website="ictv.global",
	               --['editor1-last']="xx", ['editor1-first']="xx",
	               --['editor2-last']="xx", ['editor2-first']="xx",
		           author="International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)",
	},
	customArgs = { exclude = "id,1",
	               baseURL = "https://ictv.global/taxonomy/",
	               searchStr ="taxondetails?taxnode_id=",
	               defaultSuffix = "",
	               defaultTitle = "Taxonomy Browser"
	}
}
data.ictv.id = function(id)
--[[ https://ictv.global/taxonomy/taxondetails?taxnode_id=202308917&taxon_name=Campanilevirus%20YC          (for species Campanilevirus YC)
     https://ictv.global/taxonomy/taxondetails?taxnode_id=202308917 (also works with just the id)
    ]]
    local title = id
    local url = data.ictv.customArgs['baseURL'] .. data.ictv.customArgs['searchStr'] .. id
    return title, url  
end

data.ictv.error = function()
	return "Requires id and title parameters"
end
--############################## General Functions ########################################


local function getArgs (frame, args)
	local parents = mw.getCurrentFrame():getParent()
		
	for k,v in pairs(parents.args) do
		--check content
		if v and v ~= "" then
			args[k]=v --parents.args[k]
		end
	end
	for k,v in pairs(frame.args) do
		--check content
		if v and v ~= "" then
			args[k]=v 
		end
	end
end
local function initialise(frame, sourceDB)
	
	target=sourceDB
	templateArgs = sourceDB.citationArgs -- get custom arguments for target (fishbase, cof etc
    
	getArgs(frame, templateArgs) -- get template arguments from parent frame and frane
	
	
	local url = (target.customArgs['baseURL'] or "") .. (target.customArgs['defaultSuffix'] or "")
	local title = target.customArgs['defaultTitle'] or ""
	return title, url
end 
-- moved up top for scope
local function firstToUpper2(str)
    return (str:gsub("^%l", string.upper))
end
-- clear template arguments that won't be recognised by {{cite web}}
local function clearCustomArgs()
	
	local excludeTable = { 'genus', 'species', 'subspecies', 'family', 'order', 'taxon', 
		                   'id', 'search' , 'citation', 1, 2, 3, 4 }                          -- add defaults ?
	
	if target.customArgs['exclude'] then
		local customTable = mw.text.split (target.customArgs['exclude'] , "%s*,%s*");	
		for k,v in pairs(customTable) do
	    	table.insert (excludeTable, v )
		end
	end	
		for k,v in pairs(excludeTable) do
	    	if tonumber (v) then
	    		v = tonumber (v)  --convert positional parameters (numbers as string) to a number
			end
			templateArgs[v]=nil --clear content
		end
end

-- function handling the cite web template
p.citeWeb = function(frame, title, url)
    
    -- set url and title if not provided (template parameters override above)
    if not templateArgs['url'] and url then
    		templateArgs['url']= url
    end
    if not templateArgs['title'] and title then
	    	templateArgs['title'] = title
	end

    clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web
	
	local citeTemplate = 'cite web'          -- use Template:Cite web unless specified
	--if target.citeTemplate then citeTemplate = target.citeTemplate end
	return frame:expandTemplate{ title = citeTemplate, args = templateArgs  }

end
-- p.CiteBook
-- for reasons of consisitency within BioRef/FishRef the title parameter is the section-title of {{cite book}}
p.citeBook = function(frame, title, url, chapterParams) -- very much a msw3 function
    
    
    --if (1==1) then return templateArgs['title']  end
    
    -- set url and title if not provided (template parameters override above)
    if not templateArgs['url'] and url then
    		templateArgs['url']= url
    		if target.GoogleBooks then
    			templateArgs['url'] = target.GoogleBooks['baseURL'] .. target.GoogleBooks['id']
		                   	.. (target.GoogleBooks['defaultPage'] or "&pg=PP1")
    			
    		end
    end
    if not templateArgs['title'] and title then
	--    	templateArgs['title'] = title 
	end
	if templateArgs['title'] ~= title or templateArgs['taxon-title'] then -- do we have a section title provided
		templateArgs['section'] = templateArgs['title']  -- chapter/section title passed as title parameter
		templateArgs['title']   = title -- the work is the book title given in the source data
		if target.GoogleBooks then
			
			templateArgs['section-url'] = target.GoogleBooks['baseURL'] .. target.GoogleBooks['id']
			local pageSuffix = target.GoogleBooks['defaultPage'] or ""
			if templateArgs['page'] or templateArgs['gb-page'] then
				pageSuffix = "&pg=PT" .. (templateArgs['gb-page'] or templateArgs['page'] )
			end
			local searchStr = ""
		    -- quoted search {{#if:{{{text|{{{dq|}}}}}}|&dq={{urlencode:{{{text|{{{dq|}}}}}}}}}}
		    if templateArgs['q'] then searchStr = "&q=" .. mw.text.encode( templateArgs['q'] ) end
		    -- search #if:{{{keywords|{{{q|}}}}}}|&q={{urlencode:{{{keywords|{{{q|}}}}}}}}}}
		    if templateArgs['dq'] then searchStr = "&dq=" .. mw.text.encode( templateArgs['dq'] ) end
		    
		    
		    templateArgs['section-url'] = templateArgs['section-url'] .. pageSuffix ..  searchStr
            templateArgs['url'] = nil   -- no need for second link to google books
		end

	    -- if the chapter/section is linked, we can link the main book chapter differently 
	    if target.customArgs['altTitle'] then -- if we are using a chapter/section, we can wikilink the book title 
	    	templateArgs['title'] = target.customArgs['altTitle']  -- alternative to allow wikilink
	    elseif target.customArgs['altURL'] then
	    	templateArgs['url'] = target.customArgs['altURL']
	    end

	end -- end if using supplied title for chapter/section

    clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web
	
	local citeTemplate = 'cite book'          -- use Template:Cite web unless specified
	--if target.citeTemplate then citeTemplate = target.citeTemplate end
	return frame:expandTemplate{ title = citeTemplate, args = templateArgs  }

end

-- common function for genus and species
local function getGenusSpecies()
	--TODO standardise genus species handling
	local genus, species, subspecies
	if (templateArgs['genus']  or templateArgs[2] ) then 
	    genus = templateArgs['genus'] or templateArgs[2]
        genus = firstToUpper(mw.text.trim(genus))
	end
	if (templateArgs['species']  or templateArgs[3] ) then 
	    species = templateArgs['species'] or templateArgs[3]
	    species = 	mw.text.trim(species)
	end
	if (templateArgs['subspecies']  or templateArgs[4] ) then 
	    subspecies = templateArgs['subspecies'] or templateArgs[4]
	    subspecies = 	mw.text.trim(subspecies)
	end
	
	return genus, species, subspecies
end

--#################### MSW3   -- uses cite book
p.MSW3 = function(frame) 
	local msw = require('Module:FishRef/MSW')
	initialise(frame, msw.MSW3)
	return msw.MSW3.main(frame,templateArgs)
end
p.MSW3merged = function(frame) 
	local data = require('Module:FishRef/MSW')
	return p._main(frame, data.MSW3)
end
p.MSW3_standalone = function(frame) 
	
	local data = require('Module:FishRef/MSW')
	initialise(frame, data.MSW3)
    local url = target.CustomArgs['baseURL'] 
    
    
    if templateArgs['title'] and templateArgs['id'] then
    	templateArgs['chapter-url']= url .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr']  ..  templateArgs['id']
    	templateArgs['chapter'] = templateArgs['title']
      
    	templateArgs['title'] = target.CustomArgs['bookTitle']
    	if templateArgs['page'] then
    		templateArgs['url'] = target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL'] .. templateArgs['page'] 
		else
   	        --return "Page number for google books required"
    	end
    elseif templateArgs['order'] then
    	templateArgs['chapter'] =  "Order " .. templateArgs['order']
    	local chapter = target.chapters[templateArgs['order']]
    	for k,v in pairs(chapter) do   -- add chapter specific parameters
    		templateArgs[k] = v 
    	end
    	templateArgs['chapter-url']= url .. target.CustomArgs['searchStr']  ..  templateArgs['id']
    	templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL']  ..  templateArgs['page']
    	if templateArgs['pages'] and templateArgs['page'] then templateArgs['page'] = nil end
    else -- default output
    	templateArgs['url']= target.CustomArgs['googleBooksURL']  .. "1" -- default to book
    	templateArgs['url']= url 
    end
    -- using cite book
	clearCustomArgs()--blank template parameters not for cite web
	return frame:expandTemplate{ title = 'cite book', args = templateArgs  }
end






--########################### Functions for access (using invoke) ##############################################


--================ Fishbase, Catalog of Fishes (cof) ================
p.fishbase    = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fishbase) end
p.cof         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.cof) end 
p.fotw5       = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fotw5) end 
--=================== ASW6, AmphibiaWeb, ReptileDB
p.reptileDB   = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.reptileDB) end
p.ASW6        = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.ASW6) end
p.amphibiaweb = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.amphibiaweb) end
--=========== Birds
p.HBWa        = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.HBWalive) end
p.HBWalive    = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.HBWalive)  end
p.IOC         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.IOC) end
p.BOW         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.BOW) end
--======= Mammals
p.asm         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.asm) end
--======= Plants
p.WFO         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WFO) end
p.POWO        = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.POWO) end
-- MSW3 has custom handling (see above)
--=========== Other
p.fossilworks = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.fossilworks) end
p.worms       = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WoRMS) end
p.WoRMS       = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.WoRMS) end
p.col         = function(frame) return p._main(frame, data.col) end 
--fallback = function() return "hello" end
--#########################################################
p.main = function(frame) 
	local source = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1])
	--TODO force to lower case and use lower case for all functions above
	
	if source == "MSW3" then return p.MSW3(frame) end
	
	if source == "ref" or source == "reference" then source = "Reference" end   -- aliases
	if source == "Reference" then return p.Reference(frame) end
    
    if source == "HBWa" then source = "HBWalive" end   -- aliases
    if source == "powo" then source = "POWO" end   -- aliases
    if source == "wfo" then source = "WFO" end   -- aliases
    if source == "mdd" then source = "asm" end   -- aliases
    if source == "PBDB" then source = "paleobiodb" end   -- aliases 
    
	--return p[source]['test']
	if source == "fishbase"              -- unnecessary?
		or source == "cof" 
		or source == "fotw5" or source == "Fotw5" 
		or source == "reptileDB" 
		or source == "amphibiaweb" 
		or source == "BOW"
		or source == "ASW6" 
		or source == "asm" 
		or source == "HBWalive" or source == "HBWa" 
		or source == "fossilworks" 
		or source == "WoRMS" or source == "worms" 
		or source == "POWO" or source == "powo" 
		or source == "WFO" or source == "wfo" 
		or source == "AlgaeBase"
		-- and so on
	    then return p._main(frame,data[source])
	else
		-- 
		-- is there a point in the default if it needs the named object/table?
		return p._main(frame,data[source])
	end
end
p._main = function(frame, source) 

    --TODO in modular version source will be provided in frame arguments 
    --local source = mw.getCurrentFrame():getParent().args[1]
    local chapterParams = {} -- used for cite book (only MSW3 at moment)
    
    if not source then return "Error: unrecognised source." end
    
    local title, url = initialise(frame, source)
    
    --taxon related parameters
    local genus, species, subspecies
    
    if source.db ~= "col" then                             -- col legacy uses positional parameters differently
    	genus, species, subspecies = getGenusSpecies()             
    end
    
    local family = templateArgs['family']
    local order = templateArgs['order']
    local taxon = templateArgs['taxon']
	
	local id = templateArgs['id']                                       --id related parameters
	local spid = templateArgs['spid'] or templateArgs['species_id']
	local genid = templateArgs['genid'] or templateArgs['genus_id']
	local citation = templateArgs['citation'] 
    local collection = templateArgs['collection'] or templateArgs['collection_no'] 
	local search = templateArgs['search']
    local mode, value
    
    -- the functions
    if genus and species and source.species then
    	title, url = source.species(genus,species,subspecies)
    else -- functions with just their own name as parameter
    	
    	if taxon then mode = "taxon"; value = taxon
    	elseif order then mode = "order"; value = order
    	elseif family then mode = "family"; value = family
    	elseif genus then mode = "genus"; value = genus 
    	elseif id then mode = "id"; value = id
    	elseif spid then mode = "spid"; value = spid
    	elseif genid then mode = "genid"; value = genid	
        elseif search then mode = "search"; value = search	
        elseif citation then mode = "citation"; value = citation	
        elseif collection then mode = "collection"; value = collection	
    	else
    		-- no suitable parameter (use default page)
    		if source.default then
    			title, url, chapterParams = source.default(title, url)
    		end
    	end
    end
    if mode then
    	if source[mode] then
    		title, url, chapterParams = source[mode](value)  
    	elseif data.default[mode] then
    		title, url, chapterParams = data.default[mode](value, source)
    	else
    		if source.error then return source.error() end             -- custom error message
    	    return "Error: parameter not supported for this source" .. " (" .. mode .. ")"
    	end
    else 
    	-- if no mode then use the default title and url set by initialize()
    end

    if source.citeTemplate == "Cite book" then
    	return p.citeBook(frame, title, url, chapterParams)
    end
	return p.citeWeb(frame, title, url)
	
end  -- End the function.



p.Reference = function(frame)
	
	local refs = require('Module:FishRef/refs')
	getArgs(frame, templateArgs)
	
	if templateArgs[2] then
		local reference = mw.text.trim(templateArgs[2])
		if reference ~= "" and refs[reference] then 
			if templateArgs['pages'] then 
				refs[reference] = refs[reference]:gsub("}}", "|pages="..templateArgs['pages'].."}}")
				refs[reference] = refs[reference]:gsub("|pages=[^|{}%[%]]*(|[^|{}}%[%]]*|pages=)", "%1")
			end
			if templateArgs['reftags'] == "yes" then
				refs[reference] = '<ref name=' .. templateArgs[2] ..'>' .. refs[reference] .. '</ref>'
			end
   			if templateArgs['expand'] and templateArgs['expand']=='no' or templateArgs['raw']  then
   				return refs[reference]
   			else
   				return frame:preprocess(refs[reference])
   			end
   		else
   			return 'Reference not found: "'	.. templateArgs[2] .. '"'
		end
	end
	return "Reference parameter missing."
end -- End the function.




-- All modules end by returning the variable containing its functions to Wikipedia.
return p