View source for Place:Shahr-e Kord

{{Short description|City in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran}}


{{Infobox settlement
| official_name          = Shahr-e Kord
| native_name            = {{lang-fa|شهركرد}}
| other_name             = Ancient names: Dezh Gord, Deh Kord
| nickname               = The City of Kindness, Bam-e Iran (Roof of Iran)
| settlement_type        = City
| image_skyline          = Shahrekord2 (cropped-01).jpg
| imagesize              = 
| image_caption          = Panoramic view of Shahr-e Kord in 2013
| pushpin_map            = Iran
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption    = 
| pushpin_mapsize        =
| subdivision_type       = [[Earth:List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name       = Iran
| subdivision_type1      = Province
| subdivision_name1      = Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
| subdivision_type2      = County
| subdivision_name2      = Shahrekord
| subdivision_type3      = District
| subdivision_name3      = Central
| leader_title           =
| leader_name            =
| established_title      =
| established_date       =
| area_total_km2         =
| area_footnotes         =
| population_as_of       = 2016
| population_footnotes   = <ref name="2016 census"/>
| population_total       = 190441
| population_urban       = 
| population_metro       =
| population_est         =
| population_est_as_of   =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone               = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
| utc_offset             = +3:30
| coordinates            = {{coord|32|19|52|N|50|51|34|E|dim:2km|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_footnotes   = <ref>{{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=32.331111&mlon=50.859444&zoom=14#map=14/32.3311/50.8594 |website=[[OpenStreetMap]] |title=Shahr-e Kord, Shahrekord County |date=2 April 2023 |access-date=2 April 2023}}</ref>
| elevation_m            = 2070
| area_code              =
| website                =
| footnotes              =
}}

'''Shahr-e Kord''' ({{lang-fa|شهركرد}}, also Romanized as '''Shahrekord''' and '''Shahr Kord'''<ref>{{GEOnet3|-3084174}}</ref>) is a city in the Central District of Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, [[Religion:Iran|Iran]], and serves as the capital of the province, county, and district.<ref name="C and B Structure">{{cite web |title = Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, centered in the city of Shahrekord |language = fa |website = Islamic Parliament Research Center |url = https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/113039 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160921131135/https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/113039 |archive-date = 21 September 2016 |publisher = Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board |last = Habibi |first = Hassan |date = 21 June 1369 |access-date = 2 December 2023}}</ref> It is the largest city in the province, and is 90&nbsp;km away from Iran's third largest city, [[Place:Isfahan|Isfahan]]. Shahr-e Kord is populated by Persians, Lurs and Turkic people.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Language distribution: Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari Province|url=http://iranatlas.net/index.html?module=module.language-distribution.chahar_mahal_va_bakhtiari#|access-date=25 March 2021|website=Iran Atlas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Anonby|first=Erik|title=Atlas of the Languages of Iran: A working classification|url=http://iranatlas.net/index.html?module=module.classification|access-date=27 March 2021|website=Iran Atlas}}</ref>

At the 2006 census, its population was 126,746 in 31,977 households.<ref name="2006 census">{{cite web | title = Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006) | page = 14 | language = fa | publisher = The Statistical Center of Iran | website = AMAR | url = http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/14.xls | access-date = 25 September 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110920094403/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/14.xls | format = Excel | archive-date = 20 September 2011}}</ref> The following census in 2011 counted 159,775 people in 44,081 households.<ref name="2011 census">{{cite web | title = Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011) | page = 14 | language = fa | publisher = The Statistical Center of Iran | website = Syracuse University | url = https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Chahar-Mahal-and-Bakhtiari.xls |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230116012310/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Chahar-Mahal-and-Bakhtiari.xls |archive-date = 16 January 2023| access-date = 19 December 2022 | format = Excel}}</ref> The latest census in 2016 showed the population had risen to 190,441 people in 55,492 households.<ref name="2016 census">{{cite web | title = Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016) | page = 14 | language = fa | publisher = The Statistical Center of Iran | website = AMAR | url = https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_14.xlsx | access-date = 19 December 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190524080828/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_14.xlsx | format = Excel | archive-date = 24 May 2019}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
Shahr-e Kord, at face value, seems to mean "City of the Kurds". In antiquity, the place had been called "Dezh Gord" (دژگرد), where ''dezh'' (دژ) means "fortress" and ''gord'' (گرد) means "hero".{{citation needed|date=February 2022}} After the [[History:Muslim conquest of Persia|Muslim conquest of Persia]], the name changed to "Deh Kord" ({{lang-fa|دهكرد}}); ''dezh'' was reinterpreted as ''deh'' (ده) meaning "village" and ''gord'' became ''kord'' because the Arabic alphabet lacks the letters "g" (گ), and "zh" (ژ).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tebyan-chb.ir/Tebyan/ostan/about-ostan/ostan.aspx |title=:::سازمان تبلیغات اسلامی چهارمحال و بختیاری:::کلیات استان::: |access-date=2011-05-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324054514/http://www.tebyan-chb.ir/Tebyan/ostan/about-ostan/ostan.aspx |archive-date=2012-03-24 }}</ref> Other examples of cities whose names changed partly due to the influence of the [[Social:Arabic language|Arabic language]] are Chamgordan, Boroujerd and Dezful, which were called Chamgord, Borougord and Dezhpol, respectively, before the Islamic conquest. In 1935, the name was finally changed to its present form with ''deh'' being replaced with ''shahr'' (شهر) meaning "city", which better reflects the size of Shahr-e Kord.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}
On the other side, Lurs have been known as Kurds in the post Islamic conquest literature. Michael M. Gunter states that Lurs are closely related to the Kurds but that they "apparently began to be distinguished from the Kurds 1,000 years ago."<ref>Gunter, Michael M. (2011). Historical Dictionary of the Kurds (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. 203. ISBN 978-0810867512.</ref>

==History==
Coins have been found in Shahr-e Kord dating back to the Sassanian and [[History:Parthian Empire|Parthian]] era.<ref>http://www.sh-shahrekord.ir/user/Index.jsp?SID=39&lang=Fap {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>

Notable people from Shahr-e Kord include painter Arghavan Khosravi.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Fenstermaker |first=Will |date=October 30, 2019 |title=Facing Duality: Arghavan Khosravi |url=https://bombmagazine.org/articles/facing-duality-arghavan-khosravi-interviewed/ |access-date=2022-11-03 |website=BOMB Magazine}}</ref>

== Language ==
The linguistic composition of the city:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Language distribution: Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province |url=http://iranatlas.net/index.html?module=module.language-distribution.chahar_mahal_va_bakhtiari#eyJ0IjoieCIsImkiOiI0ZjRkNzFhMjIxNDA1NDdhMWFkOWViNzU3MDBjZmY4MyIsInMiOjE2OTU1NDExNjg1NDd9 |access-date=25 September 2021 |website=Iran Atlas}}</ref>{{bar box|title=Shahr-e Kord linguistic composition|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Language|right1=percent|float=|bars={{bar percent|New Persian|orange|50}}
{{bar percent|Bakhtiari Luri|gold|35}}
{{bar percent|[[Social:Chaharmahali Turkic|Chaharmahali Turkic]]|blue|15}}}}

== Geography ==
Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) is located about {{convert|90|km|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Place:Isfahan|Isfahan]] and {{convert|512|km|abbr=on}} of [[Place:Tehran|Tehran]]. It is topographically situated in the north of the Zagros Mountains. Being located {{convert|2070|m|abbr=on}} above the sea level, Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) is the most elevated among the centers of the provinces of Iran, known as the Roof of Iran.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

<gallery mode="packed">
File:Mellat.jpg|Mellat Park, Shahr-e Kord
File:شهرکرد-خیابان ملت.jpg|Bazaar Intersection, core of the City
File:شهرکرد- فلکه آبی.jpg|Abi Square
File:شهرکرد- میدان فردوسی.jpg|Ferdowsi Square
File:شهرکرد- میدان امام حسین.jpg|Imam Hossein Square
File:An inside view of bostane madar shahrekord Nov 2022.jpg|Bostane Madar
</gallery>

{{wide image|شهرکرد، نمای مرکزی و جنوبی شهرکرد.jpg|900px| City view From Park Mellat, Shar-e Kord}}

===Climate===
Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) has a [[Earth:Humid continental climate|hot-summer mediterranean continental climate]] ([[Earth:Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dsa'', [[Earth:Trewartha climate classification|Trewartha]]: ''Dc''), with hot summer days, cool summer nights, very cold winter days and freezing winter nights. The annual average temperature in Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) is about 11&nbsp;°C but the minimum and maximum absolute temperatures recorded in Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) during the last 30 years have been -32&nbsp;°C and 42&nbsp;°C,{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} respectively. January is the coldest month and July is the hottest month. Although the humidity level is moderate or high in winter, the amount of rainfall is close to zero in planting seasons, except for April and May.
{{Weather box
|width = auto
| location     = Shahre Kord (1955-2010, temperature normals and records 1955-2020){{efn-lr|Afternoon Humidity measured at 09:00 UTC(12:30 IRST).}}
| metric first = Y
| single line  = Y
|Jan record high C = 18.0
|Feb record high C = 21.8
|Mar record high C = 25.7
|Apr record high C = 28.0
|May record high C = 34.0
|Jun record high C = 39.0
|Jul record high C = 42.0
|Aug record high C = 39.0
|Sep record high C = 37.0
|Oct record high C = 33.0
|Nov record high C = 25.4
|Dec record high C = 20.8
| Jan high C = 5.3
| Feb high C = 8.2
| Mar high C = 13.2
| Apr high C = 18.7
| May high C = 24.8
| Jun high C = 31.3
| Jul high C = 34.0
| Aug high C = 33.2
| Sep high C = 29.7
| Oct high C = 22.9
| Nov high C = 14.8
| Dec high C = 8.8
| year high C = 
|Jan mean C = -1.5
|Feb mean C = 1.5
|Mar mean C = 6.1
|Apr mean C = 11.1
|May mean C = 15.7
|Jun mean C = 20.6
|Jul mean C = 23.8
|Aug mean C = 22.7
|Sep mean C = 18.6
|Oct mean C = 13.0
|Nov mean C = 7.1
|Dec mean C = 1.9
| Jan low C = -8.2
| Feb low C = -5.2
| Mar low C = -1.1
| Apr low C = 3.5
| May low C = 6.6
| Jun low C = 9.8
| Jul low C = 13.6
| Aug low C = 12.2
| Sep low C = 7.4
| Oct low C = 3.1
| Nov low C = -0.7
| Dec low C = -4.9
| year low C = 
|Jan record low C = -31.0
|Feb record low C = -32.0
|Mar record low C = -20.3
|Apr record low C = -8.0
|May record low C = -3.4
|Jun record low C = 0.0
|Jul record low C = 5.2
|Aug record low C = 0.0
|Sep record low C = -1.0
|Oct record low C = -7.2
|Nov record low C = -15.0
|Dec record low C = -32.4
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 59.0
| Feb precipitation mm = 50.1
| Mar precipitation mm = 58.0
| Apr precipitation mm = 40.1
| May precipitation mm = 13.3
| Jun precipitation mm = 0.9
| Jul precipitation mm = 1.8
| Aug precipitation mm = 0.4
| Sep precipitation mm = 0.2
| Oct precipitation mm = 6.7
| Nov precipitation mm = 34.2
| Dec precipitation mm = 57.1
| Jan precipitation days = 6.7
| Feb precipitation days = 5.4
| Mar precipitation days = 6.7
| Apr precipitation days = 5.5
| May precipitation days = 2.7
| Jun precipitation days = 0.3
| Jul precipitation days = 0.2
| Aug precipitation days = 0.1
| Sep precipitation days = 0.1
| Oct precipitation days = 1.4
| Nov precipitation days = 3.9
| Dec precipitation days = 5.8
|Jan snow days = 6.3
|Feb snow days = 4.3
|Mar snow days = 2.7
|Apr snow days = 0.4
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.5
|Dec snow days = 4.2

| Jan humidity    =68
| Feb humidity    =62
| Mar humidity    =54
| Apr humidity    =49
| May humidity    =42
| Jun humidity    =33
| Jul humidity    =31
| Aug humidity    =30
| Sep humidity    =33
| Oct humidity    =43
| Nov humidity    =54
| Dec humidity    =64
| Jan afthumidity    =57
| Feb afthumidity    =50
| Mar afthumidity    =41
| Apr afthumidity    =36
| May afthumidity    =30
| Jun afthumidity    =22
| Jul afthumidity    =23
| Aug afthumidity    =22
| Sep afthumidity    =23
| Oct afthumidity    =30
| Nov afthumidity    =40
| Dec afthumidity    =51
| Jan dew point C =-7.9
| Feb dew point C =-6.1
| Mar dew point C =-3.7
| Apr dew point C =-0.2
| May dew point C =2.3
| Jun dew point C =3.5
| Jul dew point C =5.5
| Aug dew point C =4.5
| Sep dew point C =1.2
| Oct dew point C =-0.5
| Nov dew point C =-2.8
| Dec dew point C =-5.8

| source 1 = [https://irimo.ir](Humidity<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/chb/SHAHREKO/14.asp |title=STATION     SHAHRE KORD       (40798) I.R OF IRAN METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (IRIMO)  FORM  14 |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=Chaharmahalmet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320011651/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/chb/SHAHREKO/14.asp |archive-date=2016-03-20 |url-status=unfit |publisher=I.R. of Iran Meteorological Organization}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/chb/SHAHREKO/18.asp |title=STATION     SHAHRE KORD       (40798) I.R OF IRAN METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (IRIMO)  FORM  18 |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=Chaharmahalmet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916180208/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/chb/SHAHREKO/18.asp |archive-date=2014-09-16 |url-status=unfit |publisher=I.R. of Iran Meteorological Organization}}</ref>)(Dew Point<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/chb/SHAHREKO/10.asp |title=STATION     SHAHRE KORD       (40798) I.R OF IRAN METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (IRIMO)  FORM  10 |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=Chaharmahalmet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321055919/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/chb/SHAHREKO/10.asp |archive-date=2016-03-21 |url-status=unfit |publisher=IRIMO}}</ref>)
}}

== Business and industry ==
* [http://www.barfab.ir/ Barfab Company] manufactures home appliances including [[Physics:Evaporative cooler|Evaporative cooler]], Gas/ Kerosene/ Electric Water Heaters, Gas Space Heater, [[Physics:Refrigerator|Refrigerator]] - Freezer and Twin-Tub Washing Machine. Hiring about 1400 people within the firm, Barfab is the biggest private unit in the province.
* [http://www.Shahrekordcement.com/AboutUsenglish.php Shahrekord (Zagros) cement Co] is located in the center of the mountain range of [[Place:Zagros Mountains|Zagros]], 35&nbsp;km away from Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) city.
* [http://www.fouladzagros.ir/ Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) Zagros Steel Company] engages in the manufacturing of [[Chemistry:Cast iron|cast iron]].
* [https://archive.today/20130430131736/http://www.fsi.ir/ Farokh Shahr Steel Industries] is a [[Physics:Tinplate|tinplate]] producer. It is located 10&nbsp;km away from Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) city.
* [http://co2.ir/About%20Us.aspx Shahrekord (Zagros) Carbon Dioxde Corp.]  is the largest producer of {{CO2}} and Dry Ice in [[Religion:Iran|Iran]].
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121023162035/http://hejabtex.com/ Shahrekord (Zagros) Textile Industries Co] founded in Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) in 1991, is a fabric retail store which specializes in clothing fabrics, polyester viscose and black Chador.
* [http://www.pakpaydairy.com PAK PAY CO] founded in Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) in 1991, is a dairy factory which produces pasteurized milk, flavored milk, cheese and yogurt. In 1996, [http://www.pakdairy.com Pak Dairy Co] bought approximately 99% of company's stock.
* [http://www.fotonik.ir Photonic and Optoelectronic Research Group] founded in Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) in 2014. This research group is managed by Dr. Hamed Saghaei, one of the prominent researchers in this field of study. The research group focused on design and fabrication of Micro and Nano-Photonic devices including photonic crystal fibers and waveguides, photonic chips based on optofluidic approach, etc. This research group is supported by [http://www.iaushk.ac.ir Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Kord Branch (best university among 6 universities in Shahrekord)]
* Energy Research Center, The research group focused on Energy and Environment including renewable energy employed in building , etc. This research group is supported by [http://www.iaushk.ac.ir Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e Kord Branch], https://shahrekord.iau.ir/energy/fa

==Transportation==
The Shahr-e Kord Bus Organization has 150 buses in its fleet which operate different routes throughout the city.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}}

Shahrekord Airport is a domestic airport located to the south of the city. It currently has flights to and from two cities: [[Place:Tehran|Tehran]] and [[Place:Mashhad|Mashhad]].

==Education==
[[File:دانشگاه ازاد شهرکرد.jpg|thumb|right|Azad University of Shar-e Kord with 7,400 students]]
[[File:دانشگا.jpg|thumb|left|Shahr-e Kord University with 5,713 students]]









There are three universities in the city of Shar-e Kord. The public and state university is Shahr-e Kord University (SKU) with 5,713 students. The other universities are Shahr-e Kord University of Medical Sciences (SKUMS) with 1,690 students and Islamic Azad University of Shahr-e Kord Branch (IAUSHK) with 7,400 students.

==Sister cities==
* {{Flagicon|Tajikistan}} [[Place:Dushanbe|Dushanbe]], Tajikistan<ref>http://www.farsnews.ir/newstext.php?nn=13900612000453 </ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist-lr}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080916081623/http://www.ostan-cb.ir/ Official site of the Governorship]
*[http://www.sku.ac.ir/ Shahr-e Kord (Zagros) University website]








[[Category:Iranian provincial capitals]]


{{Sourceattribution|Shahr-e Kord}}