Biology:List of cycad species by country
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Below is a list of cycad species by ordered by country.
Africa
Southern Africa
South Africa
- Encephalartos aemulans
- Encephalartos altensteinii
- Encephalartos arenarius
- Encephalartos brevifoliolatus
- Encephalartos caffer
- Encephalartos cerinus
- Encephalartos cupidus
- Encephalartos cycadifolius
- Encephalartos dolomiticus
- Encephalartos dyerianus
- Encephalartos eugene-maraisii
- Encephalartos ferox
- Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi
- Encephalartos ghellinckii
- Encephalartos heenanii
- Encephalartos hirsutus
- Encephalartos horridus
- Encephalartos humilis
- Encephalartos inopinus
- Encephalartos laevifolius
- Encephalartos lanatus
- Encephalartos latifrons
- Encephalartos lebomboensis
- Encephalartos lehmannii
- Encephalartos longifolius
- Encephalartos middelburgensis
- Encephalartos msinganus
- Encephalartos natalensis
- Encephalartos ngoyanus
- Encephalartos nubimontanus
- Encephalartos paucidentatus
- Encephalartos princeps
- Encephalartos senticosus
- Encephalartos transvenosus
- Encephalartos trispinosus
- Encephalartos villosus
- Encephalartos woodii
- Stangeria eriopus
Eswatini
- Encephalartos aplanatus
- Encephalartos heenanii
- Encephalartos laevifolius
- Encephalartos lebomboensis
- Encephalartos ngoyanus
- Encephalartos paucidentatus
- Encephalartos relictus
- Encephalartos senticosus
- Encephalartos umbeluziensis
- Encephalartos villosus
Mozambique
- Cycas thouarsii
- Encephalartos chimanimaniensis
- Encephalartos ferox
- Encephalartos gratus
- Encephalartos lebomboensis
- Encephalartos manikensis
- Encephalartos munchii
- Encephalartos pterogonus
- Encephalartos turneri
- Encephalartos umbeluziensis
Malawi
Zimbabwe
Zambia
Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Encephalartos laurentianus
- Encephalartos ituriensis
- Encephalartos marunguensis
- Encephalartos poggei
- Encephalartos schaijesii
- Encephalartos schmitzii
East Africa
Cycas thouarsii is the most geographically widespread species, and is found in Indian Ocean islands as well.
Tanzania
- Cycas thouarsii
- Encephalartos bubalinus
- Encephalartos delucanus
- Encephalartos hildebrandtii
- Encephalartos sclavoi
Kenya
- Cycas thouarsii
- Encephalartos bubalinus
- Encephalartos hildebrandtii
- Encephalartos kisambo
- Encephalartos tegulaneus
- Encephalartos tegulaneus subsp. powysii
Uganda
- Encephalartos equatorialis
- Encephalartos macrostrobilus
- Encephalartos septentrionalis
- Encephalartos whitelockii
South Sudan
Madagascar
Comoros
Seychelles
West Africa
Encephalartos barteri is the only cycad species recorded in West Africa.
Nigeria
- Encephalartos barteri
- Encephalartos barteri subsp. allochrous
Benin
Togo
Ghana
South Asia
Cycas pectinata has the most widespread distribution in South Asia, and is the only South Asian cycad species found outside India and Sri Lanka.
India
- Cycas andamanica
- Cycas annaikalensis
- Cycas beddomei
- Cycas circinalis
- Cycas indica
- Cycas nathorstii
- Cycas pectinata
- Cycas sphaerica
- Cycas zeylanica
- Cycas orixensis
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Nepal
East Asia
Japan
China
- Cycas balansae
- Cycas bifida
- Cycas changjiangensis
- Cycas chenii
- Cycas debaoensis
- Cycas diannanensis
- Cycas dolichophylla
- Cycas ferruginea
- Cycas guizhouensis
- Cycas hainanensis
- Cycas hongheensis
- Cycas multipinnata
- Cycas panzhihuaensis
- Cycas pectinata
- Cycas revoluta
- Cycas segmentifida
- Cycas sexseminifera
- Cycas shanyaensis
- Cycas szechuanensis
- Cycas szechuanensis subsp. fairylakea
- Cycas taiwaniana
- Cycas tanqingii
Taiwan
Southeast Asia
Vietnam
- Cycas aculeata
- Cycas balansae
- Cycas bifida
- Cycas brachycantha
- Cycas chevalieri
- Cycas clivicola
- Cycas collina
- Cycas condaoensis
- Cycas diannanensis
- Cycas dolichophylla
- Cycas edentata
- Cycas elongata
- Cycas ferruginea
- Cycas fugax
- Cycas hoabinhensis
- Cycas inermis
- Cycas lindstromii
- Cycas micholitzii
- Cycas multipinnata
- Cycas pachypoda
- Cycas pectinata
- Cycas segmentifida
- Cycas sexseminifera
- Cycas siamensis
- Cycas simplicipinna
- ?Cycas tanqingii
- Cycas tropophylla
Laos
Thailand
- Cycas chamaoensis
- Cycas clivicola
- Cycas edentata
- Cycas elephantipes
- Cycas macrocarpa
- Cycas nongnoochiae
- Cycas pectinata
- Cycas petraea
- Cycas pranburiensis
- Cycas siamensis
- Cycas simplicipinna
- Cycas tansachana
Cambodia
Myanmar
Malaysia
Singapore
Philippines
- Cycas aenigma
- Cycas curranii
- Cycas edentata
- Cycas lacrimans
- Cycas nitida
- Cycas riuminiana
- Cycas sancti-lasallei
- Cycas saxatilis
- Cycas vespertilio
- Cycas wadei
- Cycas zambalensis
Indonesia
- Cycas apoa
- Cycas edentata
- Cycas falcata
- Cycas glauca
- Cycas javana
- Cycas montana
- Cycas papuana
- Cycas rumphii
- Cycas scratchleyana
- Cycas sundaica
East Timor
Oceania
The eastern coast of Australia contains the most diversity. Cycas seemannii is found in Melanesia and western Polynesia. Cycas micronesica is found in Micronesia.
Australia
- Bowenia serrulata
- Bowenia spectabilis
- Cycas angulata
- Cycas arenicola
- Cycas armstrongii
- Cycas arnhemica
- Cycas arnhemica subsp. muninga
- Cycas arnhemica subsp. natja
- Cycas badensis
- Cycas basaltica
- Cycas brunnea
- Cycas cairnsiana
- Cycas calcicola
- Cycas canalis
- Cycas candida
- Cycas conferta
- Cycas couttsiana
- Cycas cupida
- Cycas desolata
- Cycas furfuracea
- Cycas lane-poolei
- Cycas maconochiei
- Cycas maconochiei subsp. lanata
- Cycas maconochiei subsp. viridis
- Cycas media
- Cycas media subsp. ensata
- Cycas media subsp. banksii
- Cycas megacarpa
- Cycas ophiolitica
- Cycas orientis
- Cycas platyphylla
- Cycas pruinosa
- Cycas rumphii
- Cycas seemannii
- Cycas semota
- Cycas silvestris
- Cycas tuckeri
- Cycas xipholepis
- Cycas yorkiana
- Lepidozamia hopei
- Lepidozamia peroffskyana
- Macrozamia cardiacensis
- Macrozamia communis
- Macrozamia concinna
- Macrozamia conferta
- Macrozamia cranei
- Macrozamia crassifolia
- Macrozamia diplomera
- Macrozamia douglasii
- Macrozamia dyeri
- Macrozamia elegans
- Macrozamia fawcettii
- Macrozamia fearnsidei
- Macrozamia flexuosa
- Macrozamia fraseri
- Macrozamia glaucophylla
- Macrozamia heteromera
- Macrozamia humilis
- Macrozamia johnsonii
- Macrozamia lomandroides
- Macrozamia longispina
- Macrozamia lucida
- Macrozamia macdonnellii
- Macrozamia machinii
- Macrozamia macleayi
- Macrozamia miquelii
- Macrozamia montana
- Macrozamia moorei
- Macrozamia mountperriensis
- Macrozamia occidua
- Macrozamia parcifolia
- Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi
- Macrozamia platyrhachis
- Macrozamia plurinervia
- Macrozamia polymorpha
- Macrozamia reducta
- Macrozamia riedlei
- Macrozamia secunda
- Macrozamia serpentina
- Macrozamia spiralis
- Macrozamia stenomera
- Macrozamia viridis
Papua New Guinea
- Cycas apoa
- Cycas bougainvilleana
- Cycas campestris
- Cycas papuana
- Cycas rumphii
- Cycas schumanniana
- Cycas scratchleyana
Solomon Islands
New Caledonia
Vanuatu
Fiji
Tonga
Palau
Micronesia
Guam
Northern Mariana Islands
North America and Caribbean
United States
Bahamas
Cayman Islands
Cuba
- Zamia angustifolia
- Zamia erosa
- Zamia integrifolia
- Zamia pumila
- Zamia pygmaea
- Zamia stricta
- Microcycas calocoma
Dominican Republic
Puerto Rico
Jamaica
Central America
Mexico
- Ceratozamia alvarezii
- Ceratozamia becerrae
- Ceratozamia brevifrons
- Ceratozamia chimalapensis
- Ceratozamia decumbens
- Ceratozamia euryphyllidia
- Ceratozamia fuscoviridis
- Ceratozamia hildae
- Ceratozamia huastecorum
- Ceratozamia kuesteriana
- Ceratozamia latifolia
- Ceratozamia matudae
- Ceratozamia mexicana
- Ceratozamia microstrobila
- Ceratozamia miqueliana
- Ceratozamia mirandae
- Ceratozamia mixeorum
- Ceratozamia morettii
- Ceratozamia norstogii
- Ceratozamia robusta
- Ceratozamia sabatoi
- Ceratozamia santillanii
- Ceratozamia vovidesii
- Ceratozamia whitelockiana
- Ceratozamia zaragozae
- Ceratozamia zoquorum
- Dioon angustifolium
- Dioon argenteum
- Dioon califanoi
- Dioon caputoi
- Dioon edule
- Dioon holmgrenii
- Dioon merolae
- Dioon purpusii
- Dioon rzedowskii
- Dioon sonorense
- Dioon spinulosum
- Dioon stevensonii
- Dioon tomasellii
- Zamia cremnophila
- Zamia fischeri
- Zamia furfuracea
- Zamia grijalvensis
- Zamia herrerae
- Zamia inermis
- Zamia katzeriana
- Zamia lacandona
- Zamia loddigesii
- Zamia paucijuga
- Zamia prasina
- Zamia purpurea
- Zamia soconuscensis
- Zamia spartea
- Zamia variegata
- Zamia vazquezii
Belize
Guatemala
- Ceratozamia matudae
- Ceratozamia robusta
- Zamia herrerae
- Zamia monticola
- Zamia prasina
- Zamia standleyi
- Zamia tuerckheimii
- Zamia variegata
El Salvador
Honduras
- Ceratozamia hondurensis
- Dioon mejiae
- Zamia onan-reyesii
- Zamia oreillyi
- Zamia sandovalii
- Zamia standleyi
Nicaragua
Costa Rica
Panama
- Zamia cunaria
- Zamia dressleri
- Zamia elegantissima
- Zamia fairchildiana
- Zamia hamannii
- Zamia imperialis
- Zamia ipetiensis
- Zamia lindleyi
- Zamia manicata
- Zamia nana
- Zamia nesophila
- Zamia neurophyllidia
- Zamia obliqua
- Zamia pseudomonticola
- Zamia pseudoparasitica
- Zamia skinneri
- Zamia stevensonii
South America
Colombia
- Zamia amazonum
- Zamia amplifolia
- Zamia chigua
- Zamia disodon
- Zamia encephalartoides
- Zamia huilensis
- Zamia hymenophyllidia
- Zamia incognita
- Zamia lecointei
- Zamia manicata
- Zamia melanorrhachis
- Zamia montana
- Zamia muricata
- Zamia obliqua
- Zamia pyrophylla
- Zamia restrepoi
- Zamia roezlii
- Zamia tolimensis
- Zamia ulei
- Zamia wallisii
Ecuador
Peru
- Zamia amazonum
- Zamia hymenophyllidia
- Zamia lecointei
- Zamia lindenii
- Zamia macrochiera
- Zamia poeppigiana
- Zamia ulei
- Zamia urep
Bolivia
Venezuela
Brazil
References
- Catherine Rutherford, John Donaldson, Alex Hudson, H. Noel McGough, Maurizio Sajeva, Uwe Schippmann, and Maurice Tse-Laurence. CITES and Cycads: a user’s guide. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Kew Publishing.
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