Biology:Reichert’s membrane
Reichert's membrane is an extraembryonic membrane that forms during early mammalian embryonic development.[1] It forms as a thickened basement membrane to cover the embryo immediately following implantation to give protection to the embryo from the uterine pressures exerted. Reichert's membrane is also important for the maternofetal exchange of nutrients. The membrane collapses once the placenta has fully developed.[2]
Structure
Reichert's membrane is a multilayered, non-vascular, specialised thickened basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophoblast around the time of implantation, and during the formation of the placenta.[3] It is composed of an extracellular matrix that includes laminin, type IV collagen, and nidogen, and is secreted by embryonic cells in the distal parietal endoderm.
The synthesis of laminin 111 in the embryo contributes to the formation of Reichert's membrane.[4]
Function
Reichert's membrane functions as a buffer space between the embryo and the decidua. This space provides protection to the embryo from varying uterine pressures exerted by smooth muscle contractions of the myometrium. During post gastrulation Reichert's membrane is necessary for the maternofetal exchange of nutrients.[2] Reichert's membrane encloses the embryo until the amnion develops, and when the placenta is fully developed the membrane collapses.[2]
References
- ↑ Smith, KK; Strickland, S (10 May 1981). "Structural components and characteristics of Reichert's membrane, an extra-embryonic basement membrane.". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 256 (9): 4654–61. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)69485-8. PMID 6260808.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Ueda, Yoko; Kimura-Yoshida, Chiharu; Mochida, Kyoko; Tsume, Mami; Kameo, Yoshitaka; Adachi, Taiji; Lefebvre, Olivier; Hiramatsu, Ryuji et al. (19 May 2020). "Intrauterine Pressures Adjusted by Reichert's Membrane Are Crucial for Early Mouse Morphogenesis" (in English). Cell Reports 31 (7): 107637. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107637. PMID 32433954. https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(20)30590-8?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2211124720305908%3Fshowall%3Dtrue. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
- ↑ "Reichert's membrane - Ontology Browser - Rat Genome Database". https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/ontology/view.html?acc_id=UBERON:0004369.
- ↑ Miner, JH; Yurchenco, PD (2004). "Laminin functions in tissue morphogenesis.". Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 20: 255–84. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.094555. PMID 15473841.
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