Chemistry:Methanol (data page)

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Short description: Chemical data page

This page provides supplementary chemical data on methanol.

Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the Safety Datasheet (SDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. SDS is available at MSDS, J.T. Baker and Loba Chemie

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD 1.328 at 20 °C
Dielectric constant, εr 32.66 at 20 °C
Magnetic susceptibility[1] 5.3×10−7 cm3·g−1
Surface tension 22.5 dyn/cm at 20 °C
Viscosity[2] 0.808 mPa·s at 0 °C
0.690 mPa·s at 10 °C
0.593 mPa·s at 20 °C
0.449 mPa·s at 40 °C
0.349 mPa·s at 60 °C

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point 175.5 K (−97.7 °C), 1.86·10−1 Pa[3]
Critical point 513 K (240 °C), 78.5 atm
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusHo 		3.1773 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusSo 		18.1 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapHo 		37.6 ± 0.5 kJ/mol[4]
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapSo 		113 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHosolid 		? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid 		? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHoliquid 		−238.4 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid 		127.2 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion ΔcHo −715.0 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 70.8–90.5 J/(mol K) (at −97.6 to 64.7 °C)[5]

79.9 J/(mol K) at 20 °C

Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHogas 		−201.3 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas 		239.9 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity,[6][7] cp 52.29 J/(mol K) at 77 °C
61.43 J/(mol K) at 100–223 °C
Heat capacity ratio,[6][7]
γ = cp/cv 		1.203 at 77 °C
van der Waals' constants[8] a = 964.9 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.06702 liter per mole

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λmax ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε ?
IR
Major absorption bands[9]
(liquid film)
Wave number transmittance
3347 cm−1 6%
3336 cm−1 8%
2945 cm−1 18%
2833 cm−1 22%
2522 cm−1 77%
2046 cm−1 84%
1460 cm−1 47%
1116 cm−1 62%
1030 cm−1 4%
662 cm−1 58%
NMR
Proton NMR 3.97 ppm, 3.417 ppm[9]
Carbon-13 NMR 50.05 ppm[9]
Other NMR data  
MS
Masses of
main fragments 		 

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg 1 10 40 90 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600
T in °C −44.0 −16.2 5.0 21.2 49.9 64.7 84.0 112.5 138.0 167.8 203.5 224.0

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Methanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses Antoine's equation: [math]\displaystyle{ \scriptstyle P_{mmHg} = 10^{7.87863 - \frac {1473.11} {230.0+T}} }[/math] from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed.
Log10 of methanol vapor pressure vs. temperature. Uses Antoine's equation: [math]\displaystyle{ \scriptstyle \log_{10} {P_{mmHg}} = 7.87863 - \frac {1473.11} {230.0+T} }[/math] from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed.

Here is a similar formula from the 67th edition of the CRC handbook. Note that the form of this formula as given is a fit to the Clausius–Clapeyron equation, which is a good theoretical starting point for calculating saturation vapor pressures:

log10(P) = −(0.05223)a/T + b, where P is in mmHg, T is in kelvins, a = 38324, and b = 8.8017.

Properties of aqueous methanol solutions

Data obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. and CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. The annotation, d a°C/b°C, indicates density of solution at temperature a divided by density of pure water at temperature b known as specific gravity. When temperature b is 4 °C, density of water is 0.999972 g/mL.

% wt
methanol		 % vol
methanol		 d 15.6 °C/4 °C d 0 °C/4 °C d 10 °C/4 °C d 20 °C/4 °C freezing
temp °C
0 0 0.99908 0.99984 0.99970 0.99820 0.0
1 1.25 0.99728 0.9981 0.9980 0.9965
2 2.50 0.99543 0.9963 0.9962 0.9943
3 3.75 0.99370 0.9946 0.9945 0.9931
3.9 5 0.9938 −2.2
4 4.99 0.99198 0.9930 0.9929 0.9914
5 6.22 0.99029 0.9914 0.9912 0.9896
6 7.45 0.98864 0.9899 0.9896 0.9880
7 8.68 0.98701 0.9884 0.9881 0.9863
8 9.91 0.98547 0.9870 0.9865 0.9847
8.1 10 0.9872 −5.0
9 11.13 0.98547 0.9856 0.9849 0.9831
10 12.35 0.98241 0.9842 0.9834 0.9815
11 13.56 0.98093 0.9829 0.9820 0.9799
12 14.77 0.97945 0.9816 0.9805 0.9784
12.2 15 0.9810 −8.3
13 15.98 0.97802 0.9804 0.9791 0.9768
14 17.18 0.97660 0.9792 0.9778 0.9754
15 18.38 0.97518 0.9780 0.9764 0.9740
16 19.58 0.97377 0.9769 0.9751 0.9725
16.4 20 0.975 −11.7
17 20.77 0.97237 0.9758 0.9739 0.9710
18 21.96 0.97096 0.9747 0.9726 0.9696
19 23.15 0.96955 0.9736 0.9713 0.9681
20 24.33 0.96814 0.9725 0.9700 0.9666
20.6 25 0.968 −15.6
21 25.51 0.96673 0.9714 0.9687 0.9651
22 26.69 0.96533 0.9702 0.9673 0.9636
23 27.86 0.96392 0.9690 0.9660 0.9622
24 29.03 0.96251 0.9678 0.9646 0.9607
24.9 30 0.964 −20.0
25 30.19 0.96108 0.9666 0.9632 0.9592
26 31.35 0.95963 0.9654 0.9628 0.9576
27 32.51 0.95817 0.9642 0.9604 0.9562
28 33.66 0.95668 0.9629 0.9590 0.9546
29 34.81 0.95518 0.9616 0.9575 0.9531
29.2 35 0.957 −25.0
30 35.95 0.95366 0.9604 0.9560 0.9515
31 37.09 0.95213 0.9590 0.9546 0.9499
32 38.22 0.95056 0.9576 0.9531 0.9483
33 39.35 0.94896 0.9563 0.9516 0.9466
33.6 40 0.950 −30.0
34 40.48 0.94734 0.9549 0.9500 0.9450
35 41.59 0.94570 0.9534 0.9484 0.9433
36 42.71 0.94404 0.9520 0.9469 0.9416
37 43.82 0.94237 0.9505 0.9453 0.9398
38 44.92 0.94067 0.9490 0.9437 0.9381 −35.6
39 46.02 0.93894 0.9475 0.9420 0.9363
40 47.11 0.93720 0.9459 0.9403 0.9345
41 48.20 0.93543 0.9443 0.9387 0.9327
42 49.28 0.93365 0.9427 0.9370 0.9309
43 50.35 0.93185 0.9411 0.9352 0.9290
44 51.42 0.93001 0.9395 0.9334 0.9272
45 52.49 0.92815 0.9377 0.9316 0.9252
46 53.54 0.92627 0.9360 0.9298 0.9234
47 54.60 0.92436 0.9342 0.9279 0.9214
48 55.64 0.92242 0.9324 0.9260 0.9196
49 56.68 0.92048 0.9306 0.9240 0.9176
50 57.71 0.91852 0.9287 0.9221 0.9156
51 58.74 0.91653 0.9269 0.9202 0.9135
52 59.76 0.91451 0.9250 0.9182 0.9114
53 60.77 0.91248 0.9230 0.9162 0.9094
54 61.78 0.91044 0.9211 0.9142 0.9073
55 62.78 0.90839 0.9191 0.9122 0.9052
56 63.78 0.90631 0.9172 0.9101 0.9032
57 64.77 0.90421 0.9151 0.9080 0.9010
58 65.75 0.90210 0.9131 0.9060 0.8988
59 66.73 0.89996 0.9111 0.9039 0.8968
60 67.69 0.89781 0.9090 0.9018 0.8946
61 68.65 0.89563 0.9068 0.8998 0.8924
62 69.61 0.89341 0.9046 0.8977 0.8902
63 70.55 0.89117 0.9024 0.8955 0.8879
64 71.49 0.88890 0.9002 0.8933 0.8856
65 72.42 0.88662 0.8980 0.8911 0.8834
66 73.34 0.88433 0.8958 0.8888 0.8811
67 74.26 0.88203 0.8935 0.8865 0.8787
68 75.17 0.87971 0.8913 0.8842 0.8763
69 76.08 0.87739 0.8891 0.8818 0.8738
70 76.98 0.87507 0.8869 0.8794 0.8715
71 77.86 0.87271 0.8847 0.8770 0.8690
72 78.75 0.87033 0.8824 0.8747 0.8665
73 79.62 0.86792 0.8801 0.8724 0.8641
74 80.48 0.86546 0.8778 0.8699 0.8616
75 81.34 0.86300 0.8754 0.8676 0.8592
76 82.18 0.86051 0.8729 0.8651 0.8567
77 83.02 0.85801 0.8705 0.8626 0.8542
78 83.86 0.85551 0.8680 0.8602 0.8518
79 84.68 0.85300 0.8657 0.8577 0.8494
80 85.50 0.85048 0.8634 0.8551 0.8469
81 86.31 0.84794 0.8610 0.8527 0.8446
82 87.11 0.84536 0.8585 0.8501 0.8420
83 87.90 0.84274 0.8560 0.8475 0.8394
84 88.68 0.84009 0.8535 0.8449 0.8366
85 89.45 0.83742 0.8510 0.8422 0.8340
86 90.21 0.83475 0.8483 0.8394 0.8314
87 90.97 0.83207 0.8456 0.8367 0.8286
88 91.72 0.82937 0.8428 0.8340 0.8258
89 92.46 0.82667 0.8400 0.8314 0.8230
90 93.19 0.82396 0.8374 0.8287 0.8202
91 93.92 0.82124 0.8347 0.8261 0.8174
92 94.63 0.81849 0.8320 0.8234 0.8146
93 95.33 0.81568 0.8293 0.8208 0.8118
94 96.02 0.81285 0.8266 0.8180 0.8090
95 96.70 0.80999 0.8240 0.8152 0.8062
96 97.37 0.80713 0.8212 0.8124 0.8034
97 98.04 0.80428 0.8186 0.8096 0.8005
98 98.70 0.80143 0.8158 0.8068 0.7976
99 99.35 0.79859 0.8130 0.8040 0.7948
100 100 0.792 0.8102 0.8009 0.7917 −97.8
% wt
methanol		 % vol
methanol		 d 15.6 °C/4 °C d 0 °C/4 °C d 10 °C/4 °C d 20 °C/4 °C freezing
temp °C

Distillation data

Vapor–liquid equilibrium
of methanol/water[10]
P = 760 mm Hg; T = 72.4 °C − 100.0 °C
BP
temp.
°C 		% by mole methanol
liquid vapor
100.00 0.0 0.0
99.25 0.5840 4.5705
96.9 1.2 11.4
95.7 2.6 15.7
92.2 5.0 29.3
90.15 7.38 36.65
87.5 10.2 43.0
86.50 11.76 48.55
84.8 14.0 51.4
84.3 15.0 52.2
82.9 17.5 56.0
81.5 20.0 59.0
78.0 30.0 67.5
75.4 40.0 73.5
73.7 47.3 76.5
72.6 52.6 79.4
72.4 54.0 80.1
   
Vapor–liquid equilibrium
of methanol/water[10]
P = 760 mm Hg; T = 64.6 °C − 72.0 °C
BP
temp.
°C 		% by mole methanol
liquid vapor
72.0 56.5 80.5
71.5 58.5 81.6
71.4 60.0 83.1
70.6 66.2 85.7
69.9 67.5 86.5
69.6 70.0 87.4
69.1 71.4 87.8
67.8 80.0 91.8
66.9 85.0 93.0
66.50 88.08 94.17
66.2 89.0 95.6
66.1 90.0 96.1
65.7 92.0 96.5
65.4 95.0 98.1
64.95 96.57 95.69
64.70 98.71 97.78
64.6 100.0 100.0
   
Vapor–liquid equilibrium
of methanol/ethanol[10]
P = 760 mm Hg
BP
temp.
°C 		% by mole methanol
liquid vapor
78.3 0.0 0.0
76.6 13.4 18.3
75.0 24.2 32.6
73.6 32.0 42.8
72.3 40.1 52.9
71.7 43.5 56.6
70.0 54.2 67.6
68.6 65.2 75.9
67.7 72.8 81.3
66.9 79.0 85.8
66.6 81.4 87.5
65.8 87.3 91.9
65.6 91.0 93.7
64.6 100.0 100.0

References

  1. ↑ NMR-002: Sample Devices and Magnetic Susceptibility.
  2. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674.
  3. ↑ "Vapor Pressure of Methanol from Dortmund Data Bank". http://www.ddbst.com/en/EED/PCP/VAP_C110.php. 
  4. ↑ "Methyl Alcohol". https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C67561&Mask=4. 
  5. ↑ GmbH, DDBST. "Molar Heat Capacity (cP) of Methanol from Dortmund Data Bank" (in en). http://www.ddbst.com/en/EED/PCP/HCP_C110.php. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1525–1528.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. pp. 2582–2584.
  8. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Spectral Database for Organic Compounds" (Queriable database). Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Archived from the original on 5 May 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060505120103/http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/SDBS/cgi-bin/cre_index.cgi. Retrieved 9 June 2007. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. http://www.cheric.org/research/kdb/hcvle/hcvle.php. Retrieved 7 May 2007. 

External links



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